资源简介

(共65张PPT)
Period 1
Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Back to the past
Unit 3
内容索引
Step 1　速读——整体感知
Step 2　细读——精研语篇
Step 3　剖析——长句难句
作业1
Step 4　达标检测
速读——整体感知
What is the main idea of the passage
A.The new chapter of the Age of Exploration.
B.The life experiences of two famous explorers.
C.Zheng He and Christopher Columbus’s contributions to the world.
D.The voyages of two famous explorers：Zheng He and Christopher
Columbus.
√
Ⅰ.明文章大意
返 回
set sail
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
seven voyages
far-reaching impact
most influential
interested
searching for
the Caribbean
discovery
细读——精研语篇
Ⅰ.Read the first historical article on P30 and do the following exercises.
1.What can we learn about Zheng He’s voyages from the first two paragraphs
A.Some details of the voyages were recorded.
B.All the ships were over 140 metres in length.
C.It took 50 years for the fleet to sail the seas.
D.Zheng He made seven voyages on behalf of the Qing Dynasty.
√
2.What’s the meaning of the word “far-reaching” in paragraph 3
A.Negative.
B.Shallow.
C.Deep.
D.Various.
√
3.How did Zheng He’s seven voyages affect China and its neighbours
A.They promoted China’s neighbours’ economy.
B.They let China’s neighbours know China better.
C.They made these countries and regions stronger.
D.They improved the relations between Western countries.
√
4.What was some historians’ attitude towards the records of Zheng He’s voyages
A.Convinced. B.Objective.
C.Skeptical. D.Optimistic.
√
Ⅱ.Read the second historical article on P31 and do the following exercises.
1.What inspired Columbus to begin his career as a seaman
A.His love for sailing and history.
B.His love for sailing and physics.
C.His passion for sailing and politics.
D.His passion for sailing and geography.
√
2.Why did Columbus call the natives Indians
A.Because they lived in the East Indies.
B.Because they came from the East Indies.
C.Because he liked living in the East Indies.
D.Because he thought he was in the East Indies.
√
3.Which is Columbus’s major contribution
A.The discovery of the Caribbean.
B.The discovery of the East Indies.
C.The discovery of the New World.
D.The discovery of the Atlantic Ocean.
√
4.What can we conclude from the story of Christopher Columbus
A.One is never too old to learn.
B.Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
C.The longest journey begins with the first step.
D.One minute on stage needs ten years’ practice off stage.
√
返 回
剖析——长句难句
1.A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas，with almost 28,000 people on board，which was a splendid scene.(P30，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。with的复合结构在句中作 。which引导
从句，指代上文整句话。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
其船队有船200余艘，载着近两万八千人，在碧海上乘风破浪，场面极其壮观。
状语
非限制性定语
2.The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing，where the fleet had been built.(P30，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。when引导 从句，where引导______
从句，修饰 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
最后一个证据是在南京发现了一个巨大的造船厂，这个船队就是在那里建造的。
时间状语
非限制
性定语
Nanjing
3.Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.(P31，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。living on the islands为现在分词短语作 ，because引导 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
哥伦布称生活在岛上的土著人为印第安人，因为他确信自己是在东印度群岛。
定语
原因状语
4.His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration，a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.(P31，Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。此句中a period which...作 ，其中which引导 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。
返 回
同位语
定语从句
达标检测
In the summer of 1405，Zheng He set sail from Taicang on his first voyage.His ships 1. (load) with china，silk，tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers.Zheng He’s seven voyages had a far-reaching impact 2. China and its neighbours.Zheng He’s efforts helped develop and strengthen 3. (harmony) relations with these countries and regions.Zheng He’s accomplishments are now 4._________
(wide) acknowledged，and he is remembered as one of China’s most influential explorers.
were loaded
课文语法填空
on
harmonious
widely
Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451.As a teenager，he loved sailing，and he showed great interest in geography,5. inspired him to begin his career as a seaman.Columbus insisted on 6.___________
(search) for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.On 3 August 1492，he 7. (depart) from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen.Regardless of all the challenges，Columbus managed 8. (keep) everyone out of danger with his knowledge and 9. (brave) across the ocean.Finally，on 12 October，the crew spotted land in 10. distance.His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration，a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.
which
返 回
searching
departed
to keep
bravery
the
作业1
1.These woodcutters were busy logging trees，sweat running down their faces.
2.We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of everyone who helped us.
3.Some parents would dismiss their children’s dreams as worthless and force them to give up their dreams.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
________
_____________
____________
v.伐木
v.(公开)感谢
v.不予考虑
1.She got into a (恐慌) when she thought of the coverage.
2.The boss decides to (解雇) him because he is incredibly lazy.
3.The library is now a multimedia zone， with information in many formats.
4.The friendship between the peoples of the two countries has been
through various means.
5.It was plain to see that finding the right to return to the campsite was what Jane urgently needed to do.
Ⅱ.单词拼写
panic
dismiss
loaded
strengthened
route
A
Current Exhibitions
Grounded in Clay
March 1－June 4,2024
语篇解读　这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个展览的情况。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Pueblo Indian pottery(陶器)，a type of American Indian art，is still produced today in a manner identical to the method developed during the Classic Pueblo period of about CE 1050－1300.This exhibition features more than one hundred historical and contemporary clay works constructed only by females of the tribe(部落) and produced not on a potter’s wheel but by hand.
Light and Tone
May 18－September 5,2024
The current exhibition explores the pursuit of a tonal gradation(色调层次) and contrast in drawings selected by the Department of Drawings and Prints on prepared and dyed papers，ranging from masterworks by Wolf Huber and Peter Candid to impressive sheets by eighteenth- and nineteenth-century artists like Angelica Kauffman and Alphonse Legros.
Vincent van Gogh’s Cypresses(柏树)
May 22－August 27,2024
Some 40 landscape works by Vincent van Gogh reveal the extent of his passion for the region’s distinctive evergreens as they continuously fueled the Dutch artist’s imagination over the course of two years in the South of France：from his initial sightings of cypresses in Arles to realizing their full，limitless potential in Saint-Rémy.
The African Origin of Civilization
July 14－December 14,2024
In 1974，Senegalese scholar Cheikh Anta Diop challenged historians by declaring the influence of ancient African civilizations in his book The African Origin of Civilization：Myth(神话) or Reality.This exhibition pays respect to the great scholar by presenting masterpieces from West and Central Africa for the first time.
1.What can be learned about Pueblo pots
A.They are produced in a new way.
B.They are made by Pueblo women.
C.They are created on a particular wheel.
D.They have a history of three thousand years.
细节理解题。根据Grounded in Clay部分中“This exhibition features more than one hundred historical and contemporary clay works constructed only by females of the tribe(部落)...”可知，这些陶器是由普韦布洛的妇女制作的。故选B。
解析
√
2.What is suitable for visitors to appreciate works of natural scenery
A.Grounded in Clay.
B.Light and Tone.
C.Vincent van Gogh’s Cypresses.
D.The African Origin of Civilization.
√
细节理解题。根据Vincent van Gogh’s Cypresses部分的“Some 40 landscape works by Vincent van Gogh reveal the extent of his passion for the region’s distinctive evergreens as they continuously fueled the Dutch artist’s imagination over the course of two years in the South of France：from his initial sightings of cypresses in Arles to realizing their full，limitless potential in Saint-Rémy.”可知，这个展览展出了约40幅梵·高的风景画，适合喜欢自然风光的游客参观。故选C。
解析
3.What is the purpose of The African Origin of Civilization
A.To honor Cheikh Anta Diop.
B.To explore African myths.
C.To introduce an insightful book.
D.To compare different African cultures.
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This exhibition pays respect to the great scholar by presenting masterpieces from West and Central Africa for the first time.”可知，这个展览的目的是纪念Cheikh Anta Diop。故选A。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
In most Hollywood movies，the Native American Navajos still fight on horses in the American Southwest.But during World War Ⅱ，a group of Navajos made their language into a weapon to protect the United States.They were the Navajo Code Talkers，and it is one of the few unbroken codes in military history.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了纳瓦霍密码的创建背景、工作原理、保密措施及其成效，并介绍了二战期间纳瓦霍人是如何利用他们的语言作为军事密码，保护美国通讯安全的。
Navajo was the perfect choice for a secret language.It is very complex.One vowel(元音) can have up to ten different pronunciations，changing the meaning of any word.In the 1940s，Navajo was unwritten language.No one outside of the reservation(居留地) could speak it or understand it.
The Navajo Code① team had to invent new words to describe military equipment.For example，they named ships after fish：lotso-whale(battleship)，calo-shark(destroyer)，beshloiron-fish(submarine).When a Code Talker received a message via radio，he heard a series of unrelated Navajo words.He would then translate the words into English and use the first letter of each English word to spell the message.The Navajo words tsah(needle)，wol-la-chee(ant)，ah-kh-di-glini(victor)，and tsah-ah-dzoh(yucca) spelled NAVY.
The Code Talker kept the code a secret.They memorized everything.There were no code books.As a result，no ordinary Navajo soldiers，if captured② by the enemy，could understand the code.More than 3,600 Navajos served in World War Ⅱ，but only 420 were Code Talkers with the US Marines.They coded and decoded battlefield messages better and faster than any machine.They could encode，transmit，and decode a three-line English message in 20 seconds.Machines of the time required 30 minutes to perform the same job.
Even after the war the code remained top secret.When they were asked about their role，Code Talkers just said：“I was a radioman.” War movies and histories came out without mentioning them.The code was never used again and only in 1968 did the secret come out.
4.Why could Navajo be used as a military code
A.It had a complex writing system.
B.It was designed specifically for World War Ⅱ.
C.Only the Navajos could understand it.
D.Navajo words varied greatly in writing forms.
细节理解题。由第二段“Navajo was the perfect choice for a secret language...No one outside of the reservation(居留地) could speak it or understand it.”可知，纳瓦霍语非常复杂，而在20世纪40年代，纳瓦霍语是一种不成文的语言，居留地以外的人都不会说，也听不懂。由此可知，纳瓦霍语之所以能用作军事密码，是因为只有纳瓦霍人明白它。故选C。
解析
√
5.What would the Navajo Code team do right after receiving a message
A.Put it into English in a secret way.
B.Record it in Navajo letters.
C.Put the Navajo words in order.
D.Submit it to the officer immediately.
细节理解题。由第三段中的“When a Code Talker received a message via radio...translate the words into English and use the first letter of each English word to spell the message.”可知，当密电员通过无线电收到信息时，他会听到一系列不相关的纳瓦霍语单词。然后他将这些单词翻译成英语，并用每个英语单词的第一个字母拼写信息，也就是以一种秘密的方式将其转化为英语。故选A。
解析
√
6.What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Heroic deeds of Navajo Code Talkers.
B.Working contents of Navajo Code Talkers.
C.The difficulty of becoming a Navajo Code Talker.
D.The professionalism of Navajo Code Talkers.
段落大意题。由第四段内容可知，第四段主要描述了纳瓦霍密电员的工作效率和专业性，他们编码、传输和解码战场信息的速度比任何机器都要快，展示了他们在战争中的重要作用和专业精神。故选D。
解析
√
7.What can be inferred from the passage
A.The Navajo Code Talkers can be found to fight on horses in US movies.
B.Around 12% Navajo soldiers were taken prisoners during World War Ⅱ.
C.War messages were translated into English through Navajo code books.
D.The Navajo language contributed a lot to the US army in World War Ⅱ.
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段中的“They coded and decoded battlefield messages better and faster than any machine...Machines of the time required 30 minutes to perform the same job.”和最后一段中的“Even after the war the code remained top secret.”可以推断，纳瓦霍语在二战期间对美军贡献巨大，成为一种有效的通讯加密手段。故选D。
解析
√
①code n. v. →encode v.把
……编码；把……译成密码→decode v.解(码)
②capture v.___________
语境猜词
密码，代码
为……编码，把……译成密码
捕获；俘虏
As a result，no ordinary Navajo soldiers，if captured by the enemy，could understand the code.
分析：此句为 句。if captured 为 从句的省略，完整形式为if they were captured。
翻译：________________________________________________________
句式分析
复合
条件状语
因此，普通的纳瓦霍士兵如果被敌人俘虏，也无法理解这种密码。
The Ancient Tea Horse Road(in China) was a trade road mainly through Yunnan，Sichuan，and Xizang.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，介绍了茶马古道的历史、路线及受欢迎度。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.Slowly，the tea horse road wasn’t used.
B.During the Song Dynasty，it further developed.
C.However，the road has a number of stories to tell.
D.It was created by humans with their feet and horses with their hooves.
E.Therefore，few people in ancient times could finish the whole journey.
F.However，traveling along the Ancient Tea Horse Road is becoming popular.
G.Generally speaking，the Ancient Tea Horse Road was divided into two major roads.
1 From the 6th century to the 20th century，people in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces traveled by foot and on horseback to exchange tea for horses with people in Xizang.Walking on the road，you can still see the deep marks in stones left by the stepping of horses’ hooves(马蹄) over the centuries.
√
根据下文“从6世纪到20世纪，四川和云南的人们徒步或骑马用茶与西藏人交换马”可知，D选项“它是人类用脚和马用蹄子走出来的”介绍了茶马古道是如何形成的，可以引出下文，即人们从6世纪就开始走这条古道，走得多了就有了这条路。故选D项。
解析
A.Slowly，the tea horse road wasn’t used.
B.During the Song Dynasty，it further developed.
C.However，the road has a number of stories to tell.
D.It was created by humans with their feet and horses with their hooves.
E.Therefore，few people in ancient times could finish the whole journey.
F.However，traveling along the Ancient Tea Horse Road is becoming popular.
G.Generally speaking，the Ancient Tea Horse Road was divided into two major roads.
The Ancient Tea Horse Road was impressive.However，for travelers，transportation was very difficult in the southwest because there were lots of high mountains，climbable only by narrow roads，and rapid rivers to cross.Wheeled or waterway transportation was nearly impossible. 2
√
根据上文“然而，对于旅行者来说，西南地区的交通非常困难，因为那里有许多只能通过狭窄的道路才能攀登的高山，还要穿越湍急的河流。轮式或水路运输几乎是不可能的”可知，E选项“因此，古代很少有人能走完全程”切题，与上文构成因果关系。故选E项。
解析
A.Slowly，the tea horse road wasn’t used.
B.During the Song Dynasty，it further developed.
C.However，the road has a number of stories to tell.
D.It was created by humans with their feet and horses with their hooves.
E.Therefore，few people in ancient times could finish the whole journey.
F.However，traveling along the Ancient Tea Horse Road is becoming popular.
G.Generally speaking，the Ancient Tea Horse Road was divided into two major roads.
The Tea Horse Road originated from the traditional “tea-for-horse” trade between Han and Tibetan people.The trade began with Tibetan interest in tea in the Tang Dynasty. 3 Some places in Sichuan，such as Mingshan，had a specialized government department to manage the tea-horse trade.
√
根据上文“这种贸易始于唐朝时西藏人对茶叶的兴趣”可知，空处应承接上文说明茶马古道的发展过程，B选项“宋代，它进一步发展”切题。故选B项。
解析
A.Slowly，the tea horse road wasn’t used.
B.During the Song Dynasty，it further developed.
C.However，the road has a number of stories to tell.
D.It was created by humans with their feet and horses with their hooves.
E.Therefore，few people in ancient times could finish the whole journey.
F.However，traveling along the Ancient Tea Horse Road is becoming popular.
G.Generally speaking，the Ancient Tea Horse Road was divided into two major roads.
4 The Sichuan-Xizang Tea Horse Road started from Ya’an in Sichuan to Lhasa，traveled through Luding，Kangding，Batang，and Chamdo in Xizang，and continued to Nepal，Burma，and India.The Yunnan-Xizang Tea Horse Road began from a major tea-producing area in Yunnan and led to Lhasa in Xizang，crossing Pu’er in Xishuangbanna，Dali，Lijiang，and Shangri-La，and continuing to Nepal，Burma，and India.
√
下文介绍了茶马古道的两条线路：川藏茶马之路和滇藏茶马之路。故G选项“一般来说，茶马古道分为两条主要道路”切题，总括下文。故选G项。
解析
With the rapid development of modern roads，the ancient pathways have been taken the place of by the Sichuan-Xizang Highway and other Tibetan roads. 5 It makes people return to nature，enjoy a trip for harmony between humans and the environment and experience a trip of adventure and discovery.
A.Slowly，the tea horse road wasn’t used.
B.During the Song Dynasty，it further developed.
C.However，the road has a number of stories to tell.
D.It was created by humans with their feet and horses with their hooves.
E.Therefore，few people in ancient times could finish the whole journey.
F.However，traveling along the Ancient Tea Horse Road is becoming popular.
G.Generally speaking，the Ancient Tea Horse Road was divided into two major roads.
√
根据上文“随着现代道路的迅速发展，古道已被川藏公路和其他藏区道路所取代”和下文“它让人们回归自然，享受一场人类与环境和谐相处的旅行，体验一场冒险与发现之旅”可知，尽管古道已被川藏公路和其他藏区道路所取代，但是人们还是喜欢来茶马古道旅行。故F选项“然而，沿着茶马古道旅行越来越受欢迎”可以承上启下。故选F项。
解析
It was not until the 19th century that a few Westerners quietly began noting that the Three Great Inventions were 1. (actual) Chinese.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了向西方普及中国四大发明的英国科学家李约瑟。
Ⅴ.语法填空
actually
考查副词。修饰谓语用副词作状语。故填actually。
解析
Then in 1925 paper was added to 2._____list，so that it became Four Great Inventions instead of jst three.However，it was the British scientist Joseph Needham 3. began to popularize the idea of China’s Four Great Inventions in the middle of the 20th century.
the
2.考查冠词。结合语境，此处指将(造)纸(术)添加到上文中提到的the Three Great Inventions的清单上，属于特指，应使用定冠词。故填the。
3.考查强调句型。本句为强调句型，被强调部分为“the British scientist Joseph Needham”，指人。故填who/that。
解析
who/that
Needham 4. (be) a professor at Cambridge in 1937 when three Chinese scientists went there to study.
was
考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，主句缺谓语，结合时间状语in 1937 可知，时态采用一般过去时，主语Needham为第三人称单数，主谓保持一致。故填was。
解析
Through one of these scientists，Lu Guizhen，Needham became 5.___________(interest) in the history of Chinese science and technology.
interested
考查形容词。此处表示“对……感兴趣”，应用固定短语be/become interested in。故填interested。
解析
In 1942，Needham 6._________(send) to Chongqing，China，as the director of the Sino-British Science Co-operation Office.
was sent
考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，主句缺谓语，结合时间状语In 1942可知，时态采用一般过去时，且Needham与send之间为动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Needham为第三人称单数，主谓保持一致。故填was sent。
解析
Needham used his time in China 7. (travel) to remote provinces for research，and to collect Chinese historical documents on science and technology.
to travel
考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词used，故空处使用非谓语动词形式，use...to do sth是固定用法，意为“使用……做某事”。故填to travel。
解析
When Needham got back to Cambridge in 1948，he began working on Science and Civilization in China.Here，Needham pointed out numerous Chinese 8. (discovery) and inventions，of which the Four Great Inventions were considered 9. the most important.
discoveries
8.考查名词复数。根据numerous“许多的”可知用可数名词的复数形式，作宾语。故填discoveries。
9.考查介词。be considered as...是固定短语，意为“被认为是……”。故填as。
解析
as
The first book of this series came out in 1954,10. (result) in a rethinking of China’s role in the development of science and technology around the world.Without this work，the idea of China’s Four Great Inventions might be almost unknown in the West.
resulting
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词came out，故空处应填非谓语动词形式，表示顺其自然的结果，应用现在分词作状语。故填resulting。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Step 1　速读——整体感知
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．The new chapter of the Age of Exploration.
B．The life experiences of two famous explorers.
C．Zheng He and Christopher Columbus’s contributions to the world.
D．The voyages of two famous explorers：Zheng He and Christopher Columbus.
答案　D
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——精研语篇
Ⅰ.Read the first historical article on P30 and do the following exercises.
1．What can we learn about Zheng He’s voyages from the first two paragraphs
A．Some details of the voyages were recorded.
B．All the ships were over 140 metres in length.
C．It took 50 years for the fleet to sail the seas.
D．Zheng He made seven voyages on behalf of the Qing Dynasty.
答案　A
2．What’s the meaning of the word “far-reaching” in paragraph 3
A．Negative. B．Shallow.
C．Deep. D．Various.
答案　C
3．How did Zheng He’s seven voyages affect China and its neighbours
A．They promoted China’s neighbours’ economy.
B．They let China’s neighbours know China better.
C．They made these countries and regions stronger.
D．They improved the relations between Western countries.
答案　B
4．What was some historians’ attitude towards the records of Zheng He’s voyages
A．Convinced. B．Objective.
C．Skeptical. D．Optimistic.
答案　C
Ⅱ.Read the second historical article on P31 and do the following exercises.
1．What inspired Columbus to begin his career as a seaman
A．His love for sailing and history.
B．His love for sailing and physics.
C．His passion for sailing and politics.
D．His passion for sailing and geography.
答案　D
2．Why did Columbus call the natives Indians
A．Because they lived in the East Indies.
B．Because they came from the East Indies.
C．Because he liked living in the East Indies.
D．Because he thought he was in the East Indies.
答案　D
3．Which is Columbus’s major contribution
A．The discovery of the Caribbean.
B．The discovery of the East Indies.
C．The discovery of the New World.
D．The discovery of the Atlantic Ocean.
答案　C
4．What can we conclude from the story of Christopher Columbus
A．One is never too old to learn.
B．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
C．The longest journey begins with the first step.
D．One minute on stage needs ten years’ practice off stage.
答案　B
Step 3　剖析——长句难句
1．A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas，with almost 28,000 people on board，which was a splendid scene.(P30，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。with的复合结构在句中作状语。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文整句话。
[汉语翻译] 其船队有船200余艘，载着近两万八千人，在碧海上乘风破浪，场面极其壮观。
2．The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing，where the fleet had been built.(P30，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。when引导时间状语从句，where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Nanjing。
[汉语翻译] 最后一个证据是在南京发现了一个巨大的造船厂，这个船队就是在那里建造的。
3．Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.(P31，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。living on the islands为现在分词短语作定语，because引导原因状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 哥伦布称生活在岛上的土著人为印第安人，因为他确信自己是在东印度群岛。
4．His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration，a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.(P31，Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。此句中a period which...作同位语，其中which引导定语从句。
[汉语翻译] 他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证许多重大地理发现的时期。
In the summer of 1405，Zheng He set sail from Taicang on his first voyage.His ships 1.were loaded(load) with china，silk，tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers.Zheng He’s seven voyages had a far-reaching impact 2.on China and its neighbours.Zheng He’s efforts helped develop and strengthen 3.harmonious(harmony) relations with these countries and regions.Zheng He’s accomplishments are now 4.widely(wide) acknowledged，and he is remembered as one of China’s most influential explorers.
Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451.As a teenager，he loved sailing，and he showed great interest in geography,5.which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman.Columbus insisted on 6.searching(search) for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.On 3 August 1492，he 7.departed(depart) from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen.Regardless of all the challenges，Columbus managed 8.to keep(keep) everyone out of danger with his knowledge and 9.bravery(brave) across the ocean.Finally，on 12 October，the crew spotted land in 10.the distance.His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration，a period which witnessed many important geographical findings.
作业1　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Readingcomprehension
[分值：53分]
Ⅰ.品句猜词(共3小题；每小题1分，满分3分)
1．These woodcutters were busy logging trees，sweat running down their faces.v.伐木
2．We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of everyone who helped us.v.(公开)感谢
3．Some parents would dismiss their children’s dreams as worthless and force them to give up their dreams.v.不予考虑
Ⅱ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．She got into a panic(恐慌) when she thought of the coverage.
2．The boss decides to dismiss(解雇) him because he is incredibly lazy.
3．The library is now a multimedia zone，loaded with information in many formats.
4．The friendship between the peoples of the two countries has been strengthened through various means.
5．It was plain to see that finding the right route to return to the campsite was what Jane urgently needed to do.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
Current Exhibitions
Grounded in Clay
March 1－June 4,2024
Pueblo Indian pottery(陶器)，a type of American Indian art，is still produced today in a manner identical to the method developed during the Classic Pueblo period of about CE 1050－1300.This exhibition features more than one hundred historical and contemporary clay works constructed only by females of the tribe(部落) and produced not on a potter’s wheel but by hand.
Light and Tone
May 18－September 5,2024
The current exhibition explores the pursuit of a tonal gradation(色调层次) and contrast in drawings selected by the Department of Drawings and Prints on prepared and dyed papers，ranging from masterworks by Wolf Huber and Peter Candid to impressive sheets by eighteenth- and nineteenth-century artists like Angelica Kauffman and Alphonse Legros.
Vincent van Gogh’s Cypresses(柏树)
May 22－August 27,2024
Some 40 landscape works by Vincent van Gogh reveal the extent of his passion for the region’s distinctive evergreens as they continuously fueled the Dutch artist’s imagination over the course of two years in the South of France：from his initial sightings of cypresses in Arles to realizing their full，limitless potential in Saint-Rémy.
The African Origin of Civilization
July 14－December 14,2024
In 1974，Senegalese scholar Cheikh Anta Diop challenged historians by declaring the influence of ancient African civilizations in his book The African Origin of Civilization：Myth(神话) or Reality.This exhibition pays respect to the great scholar by presenting masterpieces from West and Central Africa for the first time.
语篇解读　这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个展览的情况。
1．What can be learned about Pueblo pots
A．They are produced in a new way.
B．They are made by Pueblo women.
C．They are created on a particular wheel.
D．They have a history of three thousand years.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据Grounded in Clay部分中“This exhibition features more than one hundred historical and contemporary clay works constructed only by females of the tribe(部落)．..”可知，这些陶器是由普韦布洛的妇女制作的。故选B。
2．What is suitable for visitors to appreciate works of natural scenery
A．Grounded in Clay.
B．Light and Tone.
C．Vincent van Gogh’s Cypresses.
D．The African Origin of Civilization.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据Vincent van Gogh’s Cypresses部分的“Some 40 landscape works by Vincent van Gogh reveal the extent of his passion for the region’s distinctive evergreens as they continuously fueled the Dutch artist’s imagination over the course of two years in the South of France：from his initial sightings of cypresses in Arles to realizing their full，limitless potential in Saint-Rémy.”可知，这个展览展出了约40幅梵·高的风景画，适合喜欢自然风光的游客参观。故选C。
3．What is the purpose of The African Origin of Civilization
A．To honor Cheikh Anta Diop.
B．To explore African myths.
C．To introduce an insightful book.
D．To compare different African cultures.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This exhibition pays respect to the great scholar by presenting masterpieces from West and Central Africa for the first time.”可知，这个展览的目的是纪念Cheikh Anta Diop。故选A。
B(此篇精读)
In most Hollywood movies，the Native American Navajos still fight on horses in the American Southwest.But during World War Ⅱ，a group of Navajos made their language into a weapon to protect the United States.They were the Navajo Code Talkers，and it is one of the few unbroken codes in military history.
Navajo was the perfect choice for a secret language.It is very complex.One vowel(元音) can have up to ten different pronunciations，changing the meaning of any word.In the 1940s，Navajo was unwritten language.No one outside of the reservation(居留地) could speak it or understand it.
The Navajo Code① team had to invent new words to describe military equipment.For example，they named ships after fish：lotso-whale(battleship)，calo-shark(destroyer)，beshloiron-fish(submarine)．When a Code Talker received a message via radio，he heard a series of unrelated Navajo words.He would then translate the words into English and use the first letter of each English word to spell the message.The Navajo words tsah(needle)，wol-la-chee(ant)，ah-kh-di-glini(victor)，and tsah-ah-dzoh(yucca) spelled NAVY.
The Code Talker kept the code a secret.They memorized everything.There were no code books.As a result，no ordinary Navajo soldiers，if captured② by the enemy，could understand the code.More than 3,600 Navajos served in World War Ⅱ，but only 420 were Code Talkers with the US Marines.They coded and decoded battlefield messages better and faster than any machine.They could encode，transmit，and decode a three-line English message in 20 seconds.Machines of the time required 30 minutes to perform the same job.
Even after the war the code remained top secret.When they were asked about their role，Code Talkers just said：“I was a radioman.” War movies and histories came out without mentioning them.The code was never used again and only in 1968 did the secret come out.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了纳瓦霍密码的创建背景、工作原理、保密措施及其成效，并介绍了二战期间纳瓦霍人是如何利用他们的语言作为军事密码，保护美国通讯安全的。
4．Why could Navajo be used as a military code
A．It had a complex writing system.
B．It was designed specifically for World War Ⅱ.
C．Only the Navajos could understand it.
D．Navajo words varied greatly in writing forms.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。由第二段“Navajo was the perfect choice for a secret language...No one outside of the reservation(居留地) could speak it or understand it.”可知，纳瓦霍语非常复杂，而在20世纪40年代，纳瓦霍语是一种不成文的语言，居留地以外的人都不会说，也听不懂。由此可知，纳瓦霍语之所以能用作军事密码，是因为只有纳瓦霍人明白它。故选C。
5．What would the Navajo Code team do right after receiving a message
A．Put it into English in a secret way.
B．Record it in Navajo letters.
C．Put the Navajo words in order.
D．Submit it to the officer immediately.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。由第三段中的“When a Code Talker received a message via radio...translate the words into English and use the first letter of each English word to spell the message.”可知，当密电员通过无线电收到信息时，他会听到一系列不相关的纳瓦霍语单词。然后他将这些单词翻译成英语，并用每个英语单词的第一个字母拼写信息，也就是以一种秘密的方式将其转化为英语。故选A。
6．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Heroic deeds of Navajo Code Talkers.
B．Working contents of Navajo Code Talkers.
C．The difficulty of becoming a Navajo Code Talker.
D．The professionalism of Navajo Code Talkers.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。由第四段内容可知，第四段主要描述了纳瓦霍密电员的工作效率和专业性，他们编码、传输和解码战场信息的速度比任何机器都要快，展示了他们在战争中的重要作用和专业精神。故选D。
7．What can be inferred from the passage
A．The Navajo Code Talkers can be found to fight on horses in US movies.
B．Around 12% Navajo soldiers were taken prisoners during World War Ⅱ.
C．War messages were translated into English through Navajo code books.
D．The Navajo language contributed a lot to the US army in World War Ⅱ.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段中的“They coded and decoded battlefield messages better and faster than any machine...Machines of the time required 30 minutes to perform the same job.”和最后一段中的“Even after the war the code remained top secret.”可以推断，纳瓦霍语在二战期间对美军贡献巨大，成为一种有效的通讯加密手段。故选D。
[语境猜词]
①code n．密码，代码 v．为……编码，把……译成密码→encode v．把……编码；把……译成密码→decode v．解(码)
②capture v．捕获；俘虏
[句式分析]
As a result，no ordinary Navajo soldiers，if captured by the enemy，could understand the code.
分析：此句为复合句。if captured 为条件状语从句的省略，完整形式为if they were captured。
翻译：因此，普通的纳瓦霍士兵如果被敌人俘虏，也无法理解这种密码。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
The Ancient Tea Horse Road(in China) was a trade road mainly through Yunnan，Sichuan，and Xizang. 1 From the 6th century to the 20th century，people in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces traveled by foot and on horseback to exchange tea for horses with people in Xizang.Walking on the road，you can still see the deep marks in stones left by the stepping of horses’ hooves(马蹄) over the centuries.
The Ancient Tea Horse Road was impressive.However，for travelers，transportation was very difficult in the southwest because there were lots of high mountains，climbable only by narrow roads，and rapid rivers to cross.Wheeled or waterway transportation was nearly impossible. 2
The Tea Horse Road originated from the traditional “tea-for-horse” trade between Han and Tibetan people.The trade began with Tibetan interest in tea in the Tang Dynasty. 3 Some places in Sichuan，such as Mingshan，had a specialized government department to manage the tea-horse trade.
4 The Sichuan-Xizang Tea Horse Road started from Ya’an in Sichuan to Lhasa，traveled through Luding，Kangding，Batang，and Chamdo in Xizang，and continued to Nepal，Burma，and India.The Yunnan-Xizang Tea Horse Road began from a major tea-producing area in Yunnan and led to Lhasa in Xizang，crossing Pu’er in Xishuangbanna，Dali，Lijiang，and Shangri-La，and continuing to Nepal，Burma，and India.
With the rapid development of modern roads，the ancient pathways have been taken the place of by the Sichuan-Xizang Highway and other Tibetan roads. 5 It makes people return to nature，enjoy a trip for harmony between humans and the environment and experience a trip of adventure and discovery.
A．Slowly，the tea horse road wasn’t used.
B．During the Song Dynasty，it further developed.
C．However，the road has a number of stories to tell.
D．It was created by humans with their feet and horses with their hooves.
E．Therefore，few people in ancient times could finish the whole journey.
F．However，traveling along the Ancient Tea Horse Road is becoming popular.
G．Generally speaking，the Ancient Tea Horse Road was divided into two major roads.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，介绍了茶马古道的历史、路线及受欢迎度。
1．答案　D
解析　根据下文“从6世纪到20世纪，四川和云南的人们徒步或骑马用茶与西藏人交换马”可知，D选项“它是人类用脚和马用蹄子走出来的”介绍了茶马古道是如何形成的，可以引出下文，即人们从6世纪就开始走这条古道，走得多了就有了这条路。故选D项。
2．答案　E
解析　根据上文“然而，对于旅行者来说，西南地区的交通非常困难，因为那里有许多只能通过狭窄的道路才能攀登的高山，还要穿越湍急的河流。轮式或水路运输几乎是不可能的”可知，E选项“因此，古代很少有人能走完全程”切题，与上文构成因果关系。故选E项。
3．答案　B
解析　根据上文“这种贸易始于唐朝时西藏人对茶叶的兴趣”可知，空处应承接上文说明茶马古道的发展过程，B选项“宋代，它进一步发展”切题。故选B项。
4．答案　G
解析　下文介绍了茶马古道的两条线路：川藏茶马之路和滇藏茶马之路。故G选项“一般来说，茶马古道分为两条主要道路”切题，总括下文。故选G项。
5．答案　F
解析　根据上文“随着现代道路的迅速发展，古道已被川藏公路和其他藏区道路所取代”和下文“它让人们回归自然，享受一场人类与环境和谐相处的旅行，体验一场冒险与发现之旅”可知，尽管古道已被川藏公路和其他藏区道路所取代，但是人们还是喜欢来茶马古道旅行。故F选项“然而，沿着茶马古道旅行越来越受欢迎”可以承上启下。故选F项。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
It was not until the 19th century that a few Westerners quietly began noting that the Three Great Inventions were 1. (actual) Chinese.Then in 1925 paper was added to 2.___________list，so that it became Four Great Inventions instead of jst three.However，it was the British scientist Joseph Needham 3. began to popularize the idea of China’s Four Great Inventions in the middle of the 20th century.
Needham 4. (be) a professor at Cambridge in 1937 when three Chinese scientists went there to study.Through one of these scientists，Lu Guizhen，Needham became 5.___________(interest) in the history of Chinese science and technology.In 1942，Needham 6.____________(send) to Chongqing，China，as the director of the Sino-British Science Co-operation Office.Needham used his time in China 7. (travel) to remote provinces for research，and to collect Chinese historical documents on science and technology.
When Needham got back to Cambridge in 1948，he began working on Science and Civilization in China.Here，Needham pointed out numerous Chinese 8. (discovery) and inventions，of which the Four Great Inventions were considered 9. the most important.The first book of this series came out in 1954,10. (result) in a rethinking of China’s role in the development of science and technology around the world.Without this work，the idea of China’s Four Great Inventions might be almost unknown in the West.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了向西方普及中国四大发明的英国科学家李约瑟。
1．答案　actually
解析　考查副词。修饰谓语用副词作状语。故填actually。
2．答案　the
解析　考查冠词。结合语境，此处指将(造)纸(术)添加到上文中提到的the Three Great Inventions的清单上，属于特指，应使用定冠词。故填the。
3．答案　who/that
解析　考查强调句型。本句为强调句型，被强调部分为“the British scientist Joseph Needham”，指人。故填who/that。
4．答案　was
解析　考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，主句缺谓语，结合时间状语in 1937 可知，时态采用一般过去时，主语Needham为第三人称单数，主谓保持一致。故填was。
5．答案　interested
解析　考查形容词。此处表示“对……感兴趣”，应用固定短语be/become interested in。故填interested。
6．答案　was sent
解析　考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，主句缺谓语，结合时间状语In 1942可知，时态采用一般过去时，且Needham与send之间为动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Needham为第三人称单数，主谓保持一致。故填was sent。
7．答案　to travel
解析　考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词used，故空处使用非谓语动词形式，use...to do sth是固定用法，意为“使用……做某事”。故填to travel。
8．答案　discoveries
解析　考查名词复数。根据numerous“许多的”可知用可数名词的复数形式，作宾语。故填discoveries。
9．答案　as
解析　考查介词。be considered as...是固定短语，意为“被认为是……”。故填as。
10．答案　resulting
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词came out，故空处应填非谓语动词形式，表示顺其自然的结果，应用现在分词作状语。故填resulting。

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