资源简介

(共92张PPT)
Period 5
Extended reading
Honesty and responsibility
Unit 1
内容索引
Part 1　课文深度理解
Part 2　语言知识梳理
Part 3　基础达标检测
作业4
课文深度理解
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure and the main idea of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the structure of the text by filling in the blanks.
Introduction
Conclusion
opening
The importance of respon-
sibility
Taking responsibility for
oneself
Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us .
a speech about taking responsibility
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Whom does the principal deliver the speech to
A.Teachers. B.Parents.
C.Senior 1 students. D.Senior 3 students.
√
2.Why is “an anchor” mentioned in paragraph 3
A.To imply that an anchor is very important to a ship.
B.To suggest that the youth should be responsible for their study.
C.To show that responsibility will be a weight that burdens the youth.
D.To indicate that a person without a sense of responsibility will be
controlled by their improper behaviour.
√
3.When a man is determined to admit his own mistakes，what virtue does he possess
A.The virtue of honesty.
B.The virtue of courage.
C.The virtue of integrity.
D.The virtue of determination.
√
4.What is the principal’s attitude towards the students’ upcoming adulthood
A.Skeptical. B.Indifferent.
C.Optimistic. D.Critical.
√
____________________________________
____________________
____________________
________________
______________
____________________________________
__________________________________
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1.做某事是某人的荣幸
2.表达自己的想法
3.在这个特殊的时刻
4.对……感到焦虑
5.等待着(某人)，即将发生
6.应对未来几年的挑战
7.一种高度的责任感
it is one’s pleasure and privilege to do sth
present one’s thoughts
on this special occasion
be anxious about
in store (for sb)
manage the challenges of the years ahead
a well-developed sense of responsibility
8.对……负责
9.把……当作
10.任凭风浪摆布
11.认真对待……
12.承担责任
13.听从某人的指导
14.追求卓越的学术成就
be responsible for
treat...as
at the mercy of the waves and winds
take...seriously
take/accept/assume responsibility
follow sb’s guidance
aim for academic excellence
_________________
________
________________________________
______________
_____________________________
__________________
_________________________
15.远远超过……，远远不止于……
16.经历
17.(情况)出岔子，出差错
18.开始做
19.在你日常生活的方方面面
20.塑造坚强的性格
21.除了个人发展
go far beyond
go through
go wrong
set out to do
in all aspects of your everyday life
build a strong character
apart from personal development
_____________
__________
_________
____________
______________________________
______________________
______________________________
______________________
__________________
__________________
____________
_______
_________________
_________________________________
22.社会的进步
23.做贡献
24.对……有影响
25.有助于，促进；对……做出贡献
26.导致，带来；通往
27.激励某人做某事
28.有推动社会进步的力量
the betterment of society
make a contribution
make a difference to
contribute to
lead to
inspire sb to do sth
have the power to advance our society
______________
__________________
29.使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
30.一无是处，不中用；无用之人
weigh on sb/sth
be good-for-nothing
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.I have seen you grow from nervous Senior 1 students into confident young adults，who sit before me today，ready to embrace the next phase of your lives.(P11，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。主句是 结构；who引导 从句；ready to...your lives为形容词短语作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
状语
主谓宾宾补
非限制性定语
我见证了你们从紧张的高一新生成长为自信的青年。今天，你们坐在我面前，准备好迎接你们生命的下一个阶段。
2.Hopefully，you have learnt to treat responsibility not as a weight that burdens you，but rather as a foundation which will support your future development.(P11，Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。句中含有两个由介词as引出的短语，由并列结构 连接；that引导 从句，修饰a weight; which引导 从句，修饰a foundation。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
not...but rather...
定语
定语
希望你们已经学会不去把责任当作困扰你们的重担，而是把它当作支持你们未来发展的基础。
3.As you go through your daily life，you will encounter many difficult situations where things may go wrong.(P11，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。as引导 从句；主句中where引导 从句，修饰situations。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
时间状语
在日常生活中，你们会遇到许多困难的情况，在这些情况下事情可能会出错。
定语
4.Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be.(P11，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。主句是 句，whatever引导 从句；however引导 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
主从复合
祈使
无论你们打算做什么，无论会有多困难，都要全力以赴去做。
宾语
让步状语
5.You may have heard the story of a small boy who tried to save starfish left on the beach after a storm，by throwing them back into the sea.(P12，Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。who引导 从句，修饰boy；过去分词短语left on the beach after a storm作 ，修饰名词starfish。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
定语
你们可能听说过一个小男孩的故事，他试图把风暴过后留在海滩上的海星扔回海里，以拯救它们。
后置定语
6.However，the boy was not discouraged，believing that he could make a difference to the ones that he saved.(P12，Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。believing that...作 ；第一个that引导 从句；第二个that引导 从句，修饰the ones。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
状语
然而，小男孩并没有气馁，他相信自己能影响那些被他救起的海星。
宾语
定语
7.So，dear students，take your first step into the adult world by accepting your responsibilities，so that adulthood will be an enjoyable and rewarding experience for both you and those around you.(P12，Para.6)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。主句为 句；so that引导______
从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
主从复合
结果状
所以，亲爱的同学们，将承担责任作为你们迈入成人世界的第一步吧，这样对于你们和你们周围的人来说，成年都将是一段愉快而有益的经历。
返 回
语
祈使
语言知识梳理
vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使屈服(resignation n.辞职；辞职信；顺从；听任)
1
resign
[教材原句P6]Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to China to work at Jilin University in Changchun.最终，他辞去了英国的工作，返回中国到长春的吉林大学工作。
[外研版]Live in each season as it passes；breathe the air，drink the drink，taste the fruit，and resign yourself to the influences of each.
好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一切。
resign from从……辞职
resign one’s post/position (as...)辞去(作为……的)职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth听任；顺从；只好接受(做)某事
(1)Learning that the reliable man had resigned his position manager，we were so shocked that our mouths fell open.
as
(2)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)我生病的伙伴拍着我的肩膀说：“只有你不向困难屈服，你才能把我们的项目做得很好。”
My sick partner patted me on the shoulder，saying，“Only if
can you conduct our project perfectly.”
you don’t resign yourself to difficulties
写作佳句
adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的(guilt n.内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行)
2
guilty
[教材原句P7]I was feeling guilty because I was cheating my fans.我很内疚，因为我欺骗了我的粉丝。
[北师大版]This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.
这让我非常担心，作为一位富人不能有所作为，我感到非常内疚。
be guilty of...犯有……罪
be/feel guilty about...对/为……感到内疚/有愧
(1)So ashamed was Jenna that she shed (guilt) tears with head drooping.
guilty
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)售货员对犯如此愚蠢的错误感到内疚，眼中涌出内疚的泪水。
The saleswoman making such a stupid mistake and welled up in her eyes.
写作佳句
felt/was guilty about
tears of guilt
adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬 (shame n.羞耻；羞愧；惭愧 shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的；不体面的shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的)
ashamed
3
[教材原句P7]I was so ashamed of myself.我为自己感到羞愧。
[人教版]They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
他们也可能用手捂住脸，就像他们感到尴尬或羞愧一样。
·be ashamed of...为……感到羞愧
be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧
·It’s a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。
What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
(1)He was ashamed not finishing his task before the deadline.In his opinion，it was shame that he didn’t finish his plan，so he felt discouraged.
(2)It is (shame) to break school principles，or to make little effort to make progress.
a
of
shameful
(3)令人遗憾的是，一些学生在费力应对困难学科时羞于寻求帮助，因为寻求指导是学习的重要组成部分。
some students ________________________
when they struggle with difficult subjects，as seeking guidance is a crucial part of learning.
It is a shame that
写作佳句
are ashamed to ask for help
v.原谅，宽恕；免除(债务) (forgiveness n.原谅；宽恕)
forgive
4
[教材原句P7]I hope my fans can forgive me.我希望我的粉丝们能原谅我。
forgive sb sth
forgive sb for doing sth
forgive sb’s doing sth
原谅某人(做)某事
forgive and forget不念旧恶
(1)My nephew never admitted his guilt or asked for (forgive) after offending others.
forgiveness
(2)当你向我寻求指导时，我没有帮助你，我永远不会原谅自己。
I shall never ____________________________________________
when you asked me for guidance.
(3)众所周知，不计前嫌是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会中。
As is known to all，it’s a virtue ，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.
forgive myself for failing to help you/forgive my
写作佳句
failing to help you
to forgive and forget
[教材原句P8]Frankly speaking，I was disappointed but I smiled as broadly as I could.
说实话，我是失望的，但我还是尽量让自己笑容满面。
5
disappointed
adj.失望的，沮丧的 (disappointment n.[U]失望；[C]令人失望的人或事物 disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappoint v.使失望)
·be disappointed at/by/in/with...对……失望
be disappointed to do...因做……而失望
·to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
(1)[人教版必修3 Unit 4]These disasters made everyone sad and ______________
(disappoint)，but the desire to explore the universe never died.
(2)The photographer gave the student a look when he discovered the attempt to cheat in the competition，saying，“Winning through dishonesty only brings to yourself and others.”(disappoint)
disappointed
disappointed
disappointing
disappointment
(3)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)我失望地发现，我被分配到那个严肃的家伙身边工作，我几乎要哭了。虽然我对这个结果感到失望，但我必须鼓起勇气，坚持到底。
I I was assigned to work with the serious guy and I was on the edge of crying.While I ________
，I had to pluck up my courage and tough it out.
写作佳句
was disappointed to find that
was
disappointed at/by/in/with the result
v.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
pretend
6
[教材原句P8]Then I walked away，pretending not to have heard anything.
然后我走开了，假装什么也没听到。
[外研版]People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
那些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的判断。
(1)The criminal pretended (be) an innocent witness when the police got to the spot.
(2)The photographer pretended (make) his fortune while being interviewed.
to be
Pretend
to be＋n./adj.假装是……
to do sth假装做某事
to be doing sth假装正在做某事
to have done sth假装已经做过某事
that...假装……
to have made
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)他拖着脚走进卧室，打开一本书假装在看，眼泪掉在打开的书页上。
He dragged his feet into the bedroom，opened a book and
，with tears dropping to the open page.
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)当我们在街上相遇时，她假装不认识我，这使我很沮丧，泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
She ___________________________________________________
when we met in the street，which made me so discouraged that tears blurred my eyes.
pretended to be reading
写作佳句
pretended (that) she didn’t know me/pretended not to know
me
n.荣幸；特殊利益 vt.给予特权，特别优待 (privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的；荣幸的)
privilege
7
[教材原句P11]Honoured guests，teachers and students，it is my pleasure and privilege to welcome you here today and present my thoughts on this special occasion.尊敬的来宾、老师们、同学们，我很高兴也很荣幸地欢迎大家出席今天的典礼，并在这个特殊的时刻分享我的一些想法。
[人教版]It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
和汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。
(1) is a privilege for me to have been invited to join the club and enjoy all the (privilege) of club membership.
(2)We all know that nurses and doctors have the privilege (enter) the ward freely.
It
·have the privilege to do sth/of doing sth 有幸做某事
It is a privilege (for sb ) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是一种荣幸。
·be/feel privileged to do sth 做某事是荣幸的
privileges
to enter
(3)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)我很荣幸能站在这里发表关于成为聪明的在线学习者的演讲。
① to deliver a speech on being smart online learners.(n.)
② to deliver a speech on being smart online learners.(it作形式主语)
③ to deliver a speech on being smart online learners.(adj.)
I have the privilege to stand/of standing here
写作佳句
It is a privilege for me to stand here
I am/feel privileged to stand here
n.仁慈，宽恕(merciful adj.仁慈的，怜悯的 merciless adj.残忍的；无情的)
mercy
8
[教材原句P11]A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds...
没有锚的船任凭风浪摆布……
[人教版]Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.尽管早在1982年就已禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
(1)The leader is such a (mercy) man and always has mercy
those poor people but sometimes he can be (mercy) to bad persons.
merciful
at the mercy of任由……处置，对……无能为力
have mercy on sb＝show mercy to sb怜悯某人
without mercy毫不留情地；残忍地
on
merciless
(2)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)很可能大卫会受到其他孩子的无情嘲笑，这会把他扔进无尽的痛苦深渊。
It was likely that David __________________________________
，which would throw him into an abyss of endless misery.
写作佳句
would be laughed at by the other kids
without mercy
(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)随着经济的衰落，许多失业的人只能任由贫困摆布。仁慈而体贴的 Meredith 夫人同情他们，主动给他们带去食物和药品。
With the economy in decline，many people who lost their jobs were poverty. Mrs Meredith them and offered to bring them food and medicine.
at the mercy of
Merciful and thoughtful
had mercy on/showed mercy to
捡起；收听，接听；学会；(用车)接；(风)变大；买，购买；(跌倒后)爬起来，站起来
pick up
9
[教材原句P12]For example，picking up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to a cleaner environment.例如，在你们的邻里周围清理垃圾有助于建设一个更清洁的环境。
写出下列语段中pick up的汉语意思
I ① the phone and my neighbor begged me to him ② at the airport.Although I ③ the weather forecast on the radio saying that the wind would ④ in half an hour，I had to keep my promise.On arrival at the airport，I saw my neighbor fall on the ground but he himself ⑤ quickly.On seeing me，my neighbor stumbled towards me，saying that he ⑥ some small gifts for me and that he had also ⑦ a few Japanese sentences.
①_________　②________　③_____________　④___________　
⑤______________　⑥_________　⑦__________
picked up
pick
up
picked up
pick up
picked
up
picked up
picked up
接(电话)
(用车)接
收听，接收
(风)变大
(跌倒后)爬起来
买，购买
学会(语言)
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构
10
[教材原句P12]Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.
今天播下成功的种子，明天你们的收获将是巨大的。
[结构分析]此句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，表示祈使句和后面的句子是顺承关系。
(1)More efforts， you will accomplish your goal you have been pursuing.
and
·“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系，相当
于“if...＋主句”。
·“祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if...not...＋主句”。
·“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词短语中常含有
more，another，further，earlier等词。
(2)(话题写作之环境保护)保护环境，否则我们将面临严重的自然灾害。
at the mercy of severe natural disasters.
(3)(话题写作之语言学习)选择一门适合你的课程，你会发现学汉语的乐趣。
① that is suitable for you __________________
the joy of learning Chinese.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
② that is suitable for you，________
the joy of learning Chinese.(if...＋主句)
Protect the environment，or/or else/otherwise we will be
写作佳句
Choose a course
返 回
and you will discover
If you choose a course
you will
discover
基础达标检测
1.John had a (感到惭愧的) look on his face when he was arrested by the police.
2.To tell the truth，I didn’t like the geophysicist from the bottom of my heart as he liked finding (缺点) with others.
3.Finally，he me for breaking our appointment and I was wild with excitement.
4.My nephew felt that he had cheated in the exam，promising to be honest in the future.
5.The player was a clean cloth tightly around his teammate’s cut when the doctors arrived.
guilty
Ⅰ.单词拼写
fault
forgave
ashamed
wrapping
1.I (对……感到羞愧) my behavior so I am writing to apologize to you.
2.Having a better command of English can (有助于) our reading original works.
3.He often conflicted with his colleagues，so he decided on ____________
(从……辞职) his job.
4. (任由……处置) the strong wind，the little trees on the top of the mountain couldn’t stand up straight.
5.I will help to clean up the roadside garbage whenever possible，which I hope will (有影响).
am ashamed of
Ⅱ.短语填空
contribute to
resigning from
At the mercy of
make a difference
Honoured guests，teachers and students，it is my pleasure and privilege 1. (welcome) you here today and present my thoughts on this special occasion.
Students，the time has arrived for you to 2. (full) accept your passage into adulthood.At school，you have gradually understood the 3._______________(important) of a well-developed sense of responsibility.
Hopefully，you have learnt to treat responsibility not as a weight that burdens you,4. rather as a foundation which will support your future development.
to welcome
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
fully
importance
but
As students，you must take your studies seriously and accept responsibility for your own learning.This means meeting 5.____________
(deadline) for your schoolwork，following your teachers’ guidance and always aiming for academic excellence.Besides，you should take responsibility in all aspects of your everyday life,6. will help build a strong character.
Apart from personal development，7. (assume) responsibility for your actions is also important for the betterment of society.The little things you do can make 8. difference! Working together，we have the power to gradually but continuously advance our society.
deadlines
which
assuming
a
Just as the Chinese saying goes，“Jade is good-for-nothing if not 9.________(carve).” Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest 10._________(be) great tomorrow.I wish you every success in your adult life!
carved
will be
返 回
作业4
1.The boy pretended (read) when his teacher came in.
2.During the special phase，the responsibilities weigh heavily him.
3.Give me one more chance， I will correct my mistake and work hard.
4.I feel greatly (privilege) to tell you how to relieve our heavy study burdens.
5.Even though the teacher insisted that they were very special ants，Rita couldn’t help feeling (disappoint).
to be reading
and
on
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
privileged
disappointed
1.我很荣幸能站在这里发表一个关于保护我们的环境的演讲。(privilege，it作形式主语)
about protecting our environment.
2.我们的环境正在遭受无情地严重破坏，像水污染和空气污染。 (mercy)
，such as water pollution and air pollution.
Ⅱ.主题微写作
It is a privilege for me to stand here to deliver a speech
Our environment is being seriously damaged without mercy
3.我们不应该再假装什么都没发生，现在是时候采取行动了。(pretend)
and it is high time that we took action.
4.我们携手努力，就会创造一个更美丽的世界。(hand in hand，祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
a more beautiful world.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
We should not pretend that nothing has happened any more
Make efforts hand in hand and we will create
A
Sometimes I buy coins from online auctions (拍卖) as a hobby.After a long month of waiting，I finally got a package from the auction company.But this box was way too heavy.My name was on the shipping package，but the contents and bill inside were not mine—more stuff than I even purchased.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，介绍的是一位收藏者在收到拍卖行误寄的包裹后，主动联系另一位买家并促成物归原主，对方感动之余慷慨赠予珍贵硬币，传递了诚信与善意。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
It was after business hours，and I couldn’t call the auction company，so I messaged the buyer’s phone number on the bill.He got my coins—in a 5,000 lot online auction，half a country away，what’s that chance
He said he had called and e-mailed the company and had no response，and thought his coins were just lost.His address was on the bill，and we’re only 3 hours away from each other.So，I suggested we meet halfway for an exchange，and he agreed.
We met，exchanged coins，and while we were talking，I mentioned that I didn’t usually buy them from auctions，I liked to get rolled coins from the bank，and that two of my grandkids and I searched coins to fill collection books and looked for wrong coins.
As we were about to go back，this guy tore open one roll of pennies and handed me three coins—without even looking at them！—and said “this is for you and your grandkids”.
I was absolutely，completely blown away.Those coins could have been worth thousands each，but he never looked at them，just handed them to me，shook my hand，and left...he paid huge extra money for that roll of coins.I know that because I saw the bill.
I have put the coins in protective bags，wrote dates and names of this guy on them，and I couldn’t wait to give them to my grandkids and tell them this story.And I hope this story is one they can remember.
1.How did the author find something wrong with his package
A.Someone called to tell the truth.
B.Its weight didn’t match his purchase.
C.The name on the package was not correct.
D.Its value was less than the coins he bought.
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But this box was way too heavy...more stuff than I even purchased.”可知，作者收到的包裹的重量与作者实际购买的东西的重量并不匹配，故选B。
解析
√
2.What information did the author share after they met halfway
A.The lovely coins he had lost.
B.Proper ways he shipped coins.
C.His coin-collecting partners.
D.The trouble his grandkids brought to him.
细节理解题。根据第四段中“I mentioned that...that two of my grandkids and I searched coins to fill collection books and looked for wrong coins.”可知，见面后作者向对方提到和自己一起收集硬币的同伴——作者的两个孙子，故选C。
解析
√
3.Which of the following can best describe the coin owner
A.Honest. B.Careful.
C.Humorous. D.Generous.
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“As we were about to go back，this guy tore open one roll of pennies...and said ‘this is for you and your grandkids’.”和倒数第二段中“Those coins could have been worth thousands each...he paid huge extra money for that roll of coins.”可知，硬币的主人给了作者三枚很值钱的硬币，故他很慷慨，故选D。
解析
√
4.What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to
A.Bags. B.Coins.
C.Dates. D.Names.
代词指代题。根据画线词所在句“I have put the coins in protective bags，wrote dates and names of this guy on them”可知，作者把硬币装进袋子后应是在袋子上写日期和名字，故them指代前文的bags，故选A。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
From now on，never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.Instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born.Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。作者认为成功是一种选择，而不是单纯靠机遇，我们要对自己思考后做出的选择负责，也要对自己生活的方方面面负责任。这样，我们才会离成功更进一步。
The seeds，and the power to grow them，are contained in the most awesome machine ever created：the human mind.Success is a choice and not a chance.You were born a winner.You were born rich.You can be a success if only you make the right choice.
You cannot be successful without first developing your self-esteem.Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself，and thus over your life.People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives.They are the perennial(长期的) victims and martyrs.They are leaves，tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance and blown about① with any sudden change in the weather.
You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for everything that happens in your life.Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance.Successful people realize that they are responsible.
Everything happens as a result of something.If we can identify the cause，we can control the effect.We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe.One generally rises to the level that one expects.We are responsible for setting our expectations.Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence.
If you associate with positive-thinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success.On the contrary，the opposite happens.We are responsible for finding，planting，and nurturing② the seeds that contain future victory，born from setbacks.
In short③，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible.Once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it，you are on the road to success.
5.Why are people with low self-esteem compared to leaves
A.Because they are ready to change their minds.
B.Because they are easily affected by windy weather.
C.Because they don’t have the power to face their fate.
D.Because they can’t exercise control over themselves.
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives...They are leaves tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.”可知，低自尊的人无法掌控自己的生活，因此他们像树叶一样容易受到外界影响。故选D项。
解析
√
6.What would losers think
A.Success is the result of hard work.
B.Working hard will lead to success.
C.Their failure is only because of bad luck.
D.They don’t make efforts to succeed.
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance.”可知，失败者往往将自己的失败归因于坏运气。故选C项。
解析
√
7.What can be inferred from paragraph 5
A.We are what we make us.
B.Knowing cause and effect is the key to future success.
C.Thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind.
D.Setting our expectations is essential before taking action.
推理判断题。根据第五段可知，任何事物的发生都有原因，我们要对自己思考后做出的决定负责，我们的成功取决于我们的自信程度。由此可以推断，成功绝非偶然，而是取决于我们对待事物的态度，所以我们是由我们自己造就的。故选A项。
解析
√
8.Which is the best title for the text
A.The Secrets of Success
B.Success Is a Choice
C.Develop Our Confidence
D.How to Achieve Success
√
标题归纳题。文章首段引入话题，第二段提出话题——成功是一种选择而非偶然，后面的段落探讨了只要做出正确的选择，为自己的思想和信念负责，选择与积极思考的人为伍，每个人都可以成功，最后一段总结论点：我们要取得成功，就要对生活各个方面的选择负责。B项“成功是一种选择”为本文最佳标题。故选B项。
解析
①blow about __________
②nurture v._______________________
③in short ______________
语境猜词
四处吹拂
培育；扶持，帮助，支持
总之；简言之
They are leaves，tossed by the winds of chance and blown about with any sudden change in the weather.
分析：此句为 句。tossed by...和blown about...均为过去分词短语作
，修饰leaves。
翻译：_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
句式分析
简单
后置定语
他们就像树叶，被偶然的狂风吹得东摇西摆，随天气突变而飘零无依。
17-year-old Aarrav Anil，interested in robotics，has represented his country at more than 20 robotics competitions.Now，he has 1 a smart spoon that can help people with Parkinson’s disease preserve their 2 in dining.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的Aarrav Anil见到叔叔患有帕金森氏症而无法独立进食，于是发明了一款可以帮助这类患者用餐的智能勺子。
Ⅳ.完形填空
1.A.discovered B.recommended
C.invented D.advocated
2.A.curiosity B.independence
C.appetite D.strength
√
√
1.根据第三段叙述的Aarrav对勺子的设计进行各种微调可知，他发明了这种智能勺子。故选C。
2.根据最后一段的“His hope is that everyone with Parkinson’s will have a to use it to eat by themselves.”可知，Aarrav希望患者可以用这种勺子自己吃饭，也就是帮助患者在用餐时保持独立。故选B。
解析
Aarrav didn’t do this to win awards or honor; his 3 for this spoon came from seeing his uncle who has such a disease 4 to feed himself.Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth，so someone has to 5 him.The youth decided to help his uncle.
3.A.admiration B.fancy
C.motivation D.design
4.A.hesitating B.preferring
C.refusing D.struggling
5.A.nurse B.inspire
C.persuade D.remind
√
√
√
3.根据上文“Aarrav didn’t do this to win awards or honor”可知，此处是介绍Aarrav发明这种勺子的动机，他不是为了赢得奖励或荣誉，而是为了帮助自己的叔叔。故选C。
4.根据下文“Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth”可知，Aarrav的叔叔吃饭时，食物总是从勺子上掉下来，从他嘴里流出来，因此他是挣扎着喂自己吃饭。故选D。
5.根据上文“Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth”可知，Aarrav的叔叔吃饭很困难，因此必须有人照顾他。故选A。
解析
Not everything went 6 during the development.For example，he failed to 7 some special electronic parts in his country and had to import them from other countries.In the end，Aarrav made the first 8 successfully.
6.A.precisely B.quickly
C.separately D.smoothly
7.A.find B.identify
C.upgrade D.reshape
8.A.exposure B.step
C.model D.submission
√
√
√
6.根据下文“For example，he failed to...”可知，Aarrav在发明的过程中遇到了一些困难，因此并非所有事情都进展顺利。故选D。
7.根据下文“had to import them from other countries”可知，Aarrav不得不从其他国家进口特殊的电子零件，因此是在自己的国家没有找到这些零件。故选A。
8.根据下文“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.”可知，Aarrav一直在根据用户的反馈对发明出的第一版勺子进行微调，因此是制造了第一个模型。故选C。
解析
But the handle was so slippery that it was 9 for his uncle.Now the original design has 10 a few changes.“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.
9.A.unsuitable B.unequal
C.unqualified D.unhealthy
10.A.taken in B.gone through
C.made for D.turned down
√
√
9.根据上文“the handle was so slippery”可知，勺柄太滑了，因此是不适合患有帕金森氏症的叔叔。故选A。
10.根据下文“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.”可知，Aarrav一直在根据用户的反馈对发明出的第一版勺子进行微调，因此最初的设计是经历了一些修改。故选B。
解析
It needs to be 11 so that it can be washed. And the spoon needs to be 12 to hold more food，” Aarrav said.
11.A.drop-proof B.trouble-free
C.water-resistant D.weather-beaten
12.A.thinner B.flatter
C.firmer D.deeper
√
√
11.根据下文“so that it can be washed”可知，这款勺子需要能被清洗，因此是需要防水。故选C。
12.根据下文“to hold more food”可知，这款勺子需要能盛下更多的食物，因此是需要深一些。故选D。
解析
While similar products have already 13 the market，their cost is too high for most people.Aarrav’s smart spoon can be a help in 14 the price.His hope is that everyone with Parkinson’s will have a 15 to use it to eat by themselves.
13.A.cornered B.entered
C.determined D.enriched
14.A.setting B.negotiating
C.assessing D.lowering
15.A.right B.chance
C.mind D.desire
√
√
√
13.根据上文“similar products”和下文“the market，their cost is too high for most people”可推知，此处指类似的勺子已经进入市场，但存在价格太高的问题，从而衬托Aarrav的发明的优势。故选B。
14.根据上文“their cost is too high for most people”可知，市场上类似产品的价格过高，而Aarrav的智能勺子可以帮助降低价格。故选D。
15.根据Aarrav发明出一款智能勺子以帮助帕金森氏症患者独立用餐并结合下文“to use it to eat by themselves”可推知，此处指他希望为这些患者提供自己吃饭的机会。故选B。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 5　Extended reading
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure and the main idea of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the structure of the text by filling in the blanks.
Ⅱ.Skim the passage to find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us a speech about taking responsibility.
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Whom does the principal deliver the speech to
A．Teachers. B．Parents.
C．Senior 1 students. D．Senior 3 students.
答案　D
2．Why is “an anchor” mentioned in paragraph 3
A．To imply that an anchor is very important to a ship.
B．To suggest that the youth should be responsible for their study.
C．To show that responsibility will be a weight that burdens the youth.
D．To indicate that a person without a sense of responsibility will be controlled by their improper behaviour.
答案　D
3．When a man is determined to admit his own mistakes，what virtue does he possess
A．The virtue of honesty.
B．The virtue of courage.
C．The virtue of integrity.
D．The virtue of determination.
答案　B
4．What is the principal’s attitude towards the students’ upcoming adulthood
A．Skeptical. B．Indifferent.
C．Optimistic. D．Critical.
答案　C
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1．做某事是某人的荣幸 it is one’s pleasure and privilege to do sth
2．表达自己的想法 present one’s thoughts
3．在这个特殊的时刻 on this special occasion
4．对……感到焦虑 be anxious about
5．等待着(某人)，即将发生 in store (for sb)
6．应对未来几年的挑战 manage the challenges of the years ahead
7．一种高度的责任感a well-developed sense of responsibility
8．对……负责 be responsible for
9．把……当作 treat...as
10．任凭风浪摆布at the mercy of the waves and winds
11．认真对待…… take...seriously
12．承担责任 take/accept/assume responsibility
13．听从某人的指导follow sb’s guidance
14．追求卓越的学术成就 aim for academic excellence
15．远远超过……，远远不止于……go far beyond
16．经历 go through
17．(情况)出岔子，出差错go wrong
18．开始做set out to do
19．在你日常生活的方方面面 in all aspects of your everyday life
20．塑造坚强的性格 build a strong character
21．除了个人发展 apart from personal development
22．社会的进步 the betterment of society
23．做贡献 make a contribution
24．对……有影响make a difference to
25．有助于，促进；对……做出贡献contribute to
26．导致，带来；通往lead to
27．激励某人做某事 inspire sb to do sth
28．有推动社会进步的力量 have the power to advance our society
29．使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担weigh on sb/sth
30．一无是处，不中用；无用之人be good-for-nothing
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．I have seen you grow from nervous Senior 1 students into confident young adults，who sit before me today，ready to embrace the next phase of your lives.(P11，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。主句是主谓宾宾补结构；who引导非限制性定语从句；ready to...your lives为形容词短语作状语。
[汉语翻译] 我见证了你们从紧张的高一新生成长为自信的青年。今天，你们坐在我面前，准备好迎接你们生命的下一个阶段。
2．Hopefully，you have learnt to treat responsibility not as a weight that burdens you，but rather as a foundation which will support your future development.(P11，Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。句中含有两个由介词as引出的短语，由并列结构not...but rather...连接；that引导定语从句，修饰a weight; which引导定语从句，修饰a foundation。
[汉语翻译] 希望你们已经学会不去把责任当作困扰你们的重担，而是把它当作支持你们未来发展的基础。
3．As you go through your daily life，you will encounter many difficult situations where things may go wrong.(P11，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。as引导时间状语从句；主句中where引导定语从句，修饰situations。
[汉语翻译] 在日常生活中，你们会遇到许多困难的情况，在这些情况下事情可能会出错。
4．Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be.(P11，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。主句是祈使句，whatever引导宾语从句；however引导让步状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 无论你们打算做什么，无论会有多困难，都要全力以赴去做。
5．You may have heard the story of a small boy who tried to save starfish left on the beach after a storm，by throwing them back into the sea.(P12，Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰boy；过去分词短语left on the beach after a storm作后置定语，修饰名词starfish。
[汉语翻译] 你们可能听说过一个小男孩的故事，他试图把风暴过后留在海滩上的海星扔回海里，以拯救它们。
6．However，the boy was not discouraged，believing that he could make a difference to the ones that he saved.(P12，Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。believing that...作状语；第一个that引导宾语从句；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰the ones。
[汉语翻译] 然而，小男孩并没有气馁，他相信自己能影响那些被他救起的海星。
7．So，dear students，take your first step into the adult world by accepting your responsibilities，so that adulthood will be an enjoyable and rewarding experience for both you and those around you.(P12，Para.6)
[结构分析] 此句是主从复合句。主句为祈使句；so that引导结果状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 所以，亲爱的同学们，将承担责任作为你们迈入成人世界的第一步吧，这样对于你们和你们周围的人来说，成年都将是一段愉快而有益的经历。
resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使屈服(resignation n．辞职；辞职信；顺从；听任)
[教材原句P6]Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to China to work at Jilin University in Changchun.最终，他辞去了英国的工作，返回中国到长春的吉林大学工作。
[外研版]Live in each season as it passes；breathe the air，drink the drink，taste the fruit，and resign yourself to the influences of each.
好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一切。
resign from从……辞职 resign one’s post/position (as...)辞去(作为……的)职务 resign oneself to (doing) sth听任；顺从；只好接受(做)某事
(1)Learning that the reliable man had resigned his position as manager，we were so shocked that our mouths fell open.
[写作佳句]
(2)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)我生病的伙伴拍着我的肩膀说：“只有你不向困难屈服，你才能把我们的项目做得很好。”
My sick partner patted me on the shoulder，saying，“Only if you don’t resign yourself to difficulties can you conduct our project perfectly.”
guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的(guilt n．内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行)
[教材原句P7]I was feeling guilty because I was cheating my fans.我很内疚，因为我欺骗了我的粉丝。
[北师大版]This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.
这让我非常担心，作为一位富人不能有所作为，我感到非常内疚。
be guilty of...犯有……罪 be/feel guilty about...对/为……感到内疚/有愧
(1)So ashamed was Jenna that she shed guilty(guilt) tears with head drooping.
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)售货员对犯如此愚蠢的错误感到内疚，眼中涌出内疚的泪水。
The saleswoman felt/was guilty about making such a stupid mistake and tears of guilt welled up in her eyes.
ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬 (shame n．羞耻；羞愧；惭愧 shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的；不体面的shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的)
[教材原句P7]I was so ashamed of myself.我为自己感到羞愧。
[人教版]They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.
他们也可能用手捂住脸，就像他们感到尴尬或羞愧一样。
·be ashamed of...为……感到羞愧 be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 ·It’s a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事。 What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
(1)He was ashamed of not finishing his task before the deadline.In his opinion，it was a shame that he didn’t finish his plan，so he felt discouraged.
(2)It is shameful(shame) to break school principles，or to make little effort to make progress.
[写作佳句]
(3)令人遗憾的是，一些学生在费力应对困难学科时羞于寻求帮助，因为寻求指导是学习的重要组成部分。
It is a shame that some students are ashamed to ask for help when they struggle with difficult subjects，as seeking guidance is a crucial part of learning.
forgive v．原谅，宽恕；免除(债务) (forgiveness n．原谅；宽恕)
[教材原句P7]I hope my fans can forgive me.我希望我的粉丝们能原谅我。
原谅某人 做 某事 forgive and forget不念旧恶
(1)My nephew never admitted his guilt or asked for forgiveness(forgive) after offending others.
[写作佳句]
(2)当你向我寻求指导时，我没有帮助你，我永远不会原谅自己。
I shall never forgive myself for failing to help you/forgive my failing to help you when you asked me for guidance.
(3)众所周知，不计前嫌是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会中。
As is known to all，it’s a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的 (disappointment n．[U]失望；[C]令人失望的人或事物 disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappoint v．使失望)
[教材原句P8]Frankly speaking，I was disappointed but I smiled as broadly as I could.
说实话，我是失望的，但我还是尽量让自己笑容满面。
·be disappointed at/by/in/with...对……失望 be disappointed to do...因做……而失望 ·to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是
(1)[人教版必修3 Unit 4]These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed(disappoint)，but the desire to explore the universe never died.
(2)The photographer gave the student a disappointed look when he discovered the disappointing attempt to cheat in the competition，saying，“Winning through dishonesty only brings disappointment to yourself and others.”(disappoint)
[写作佳句]
(3)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)我失望地发现，我被分配到那个严肃的家伙身边工作，我几乎要哭了。虽然我对这个结果感到失望，但我必须鼓起勇气，坚持到底。
I was disappointed to find that I was assigned to work with the serious guy and I was on the edge of crying.While I was disappointed at/by/in/with the result，I had to pluck up my courage and tough it out.
pretend v．假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
[教材原句P8]Then I walked away，pretending not to have heard anything.
然后我走开了，假装什么也没听到。
[外研版]People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
那些把自己包装成别人的人，只会对自己产生错误的判断。
(1)The criminal pretended to be(be) an innocent witness when the police got to the spot.
pretend
(2)The photographer pretended to have made (make) his fortune while being interviewed.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)他拖着脚走进卧室，打开一本书假装在看，眼泪掉在打开的书页上。
He dragged his feet into the bedroom，opened a book and pretended to be reading，with tears dropping to the open page.
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)当我们在街上相遇时，她假装不认识我，这使我很沮丧，泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
She pretended (that) she didn’t know me/pretended not to know me when we met in the street，which made me so discouraged that tears blurred my eyes.
privilege n．荣幸；特殊利益 vt.给予特权，特别优待 (privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的；荣幸的)
[教材原句P11]Honoured guests，teachers and students，it is my pleasure and privilege to welcome you here today and present my thoughts on this special occasion.尊敬的来宾、老师们、同学们，我很高兴也很荣幸地欢迎大家出席今天的典礼，并在这个特殊的时刻分享我的一些想法。
[人教版]It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
和汤贝一家人度过了一天，真是荣幸。
·have the privilege to do sth/of doing sth 有幸做某事 It is a privilege (for sb ) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是一种荣幸。 ·be/feel privileged to do sth 做某事是荣幸的
(1)It is a privilege for me to have been invited to join the club and enjoy all the privileges(privilege) of club membership.
(2)We all know that nurses and doctors have the privilege to enter(enter) the ward freely.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)我很荣幸能站在这里发表关于成为聪明的在线学习者的演讲。
①I have the privilege to stand/of standing here to deliver a speech on being smart online learners.(n.)
②It is a privilege for me to stand here to deliver a speech on being smart online learners.(it作形式主语)
③I am/feel privileged to stand here to deliver a speech on being smart online learners.(adj.)
mercy n．仁慈，宽恕(merciful adj.仁慈的，怜悯的 merciless adj.残忍的；无情的)
[教材原句P11]A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds...
没有锚的船任凭风浪摆布……
[人教版]Although this was banned in 1982，some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.尽管早在1982年就已禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
at the mercy of任由……处置，对……无能为力 have mercy on sb＝show mercy to sb怜悯某人 without mercy毫不留情地；残忍地
(1)The leader is such a merciful(mercy) man and always has mercy on those poor people but sometimes he can be merciless(mercy) to bad persons.
[写作佳句]
(2)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)很可能大卫会受到其他孩子的无情嘲笑，这会把他扔进无尽的痛苦深渊。
It was likely that David would be laughed at by the other kids without mercy，which would throw him into an abyss of endless misery.
(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)随着经济的衰落，许多失业的人只能任由贫困摆布。仁慈而体贴的 Meredith 夫人同情他们，主动给他们带去食物和药品。
With the economy in decline，many people who lost their jobs were at the mercy of poverty.Merciful and thoughtful Mrs Meredith had mercy on/showed mercy to them and offered to bring them food and medicine.
pick up捡起；收听，接听；学会；(用车)接；(风)变大；买，购买；(跌倒后)爬起来，站起来
[教材原句P12]For example，picking up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to a cleaner environment.例如，在你们的邻里周围清理垃圾有助于建设一个更清洁的环境。
写出下列语段中pick up的汉语意思
I picked up① the phone and my neighbor begged me to pick him up② at the airport.Although I picked up③ the weather forecast on the radio saying that the wind would pick up④ in half an hour，I had to keep my promise.On arrival at the airport，I saw my neighbor fall on the ground but he picked himself up⑤ quickly.On seeing me，my neighbor stumbled towards me，saying that he picked up⑥ some small gifts for me and that he had also picked up⑦ a few Japanese sentences.
①接(电话)　②(用车)接　③收听，接收　④(风)变大　⑤(跌倒后)爬起来　⑥买，购买　⑦学会(语言)
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构
[教材原句P12]Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.
今天播下成功的种子，明天你们的收获将是巨大的。
[结构分析]此句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，表示祈使句和后面的句子是顺承关系。
·“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系，相当于“if...＋主句”。 ·“祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if...not...＋主句”。 ·“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词短语中常含有more，another，further，earlier等词。
(1)More efforts，and you will accomplish your goal you have been pursuing.
[写作佳句]
(2)(话题写作之环境保护)保护环境，否则我们将面临严重的自然灾害。
Protect the environment，or/or else/otherwise we will be at the mercy of severe natural disasters.
(3)(话题写作之语言学习)选择一门适合你的课程，你会发现学汉语的乐趣。
①Choose a course that is suitable for you and you will discover the joy of learning Chinese.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
②If you choose a course that is suitable for you，you will discover the joy of learning Chinese.(if...＋主句)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．John had a guilty(感到惭愧的) look on his face when he was arrested by the police.
2．To tell the truth，I didn’t like the geophysicist from the bottom of my heart as he liked finding fault(缺点) with others.
3．Finally，he forgave me for breaking our appointment and I was wild with excitement.
4．My nephew felt ashamed that he had cheated in the exam，promising to be honest in the future.
5．The player was wrapping a clean cloth tightly around his teammate’s cut when the doctors arrived.
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．I am ashamed of(对……感到羞愧) my behavior so I am writing to apologize to you.
2．Having a better command of English can contribute to(有助于) our reading original works.
3．He often conflicted with his colleagues，so he decided on resigning from(从……辞职) his job.
4．At the mercy of(任由……处置) the strong wind，the little trees on the top of the mountain couldn’t stand up straight.
5．I will help to clean up the roadside garbage whenever possible，which I hope will make a difference(有影响)．
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Honoured guests，teachers and students，it is my pleasure and privilege 1.to welcome(welcome) you here today and present my thoughts on this special occasion.
Students，the time has arrived for you to 2.fully(full) accept your passage into adulthood.At school，you have gradually understood the 3.importance(important) of a well-developed sense of responsibility.Hopefully，you have learnt to treat responsibility not as a weight that burdens you,4.but rather as a foundation which will support your future development.
As students，you must take your studies seriously and accept responsibility for your own learning.This means meeting 5.deadlines(deadline) for your schoolwork，following your teachers’ guidance and always aiming for academic excellence.Besides，you should take responsibility in all aspects of your everyday life,6.which will help build a strong character.
Apart from personal development，7.assuming(assume) responsibility for your actions is also important for the betterment of society.The little things you do can make 8.a difference! Working together，we have the power to gradually but continuously advance our society.
Just as the Chinese saying goes，“Jade is good-for-nothing if not 9.carved(carve)．” Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest 10.will be(be) great tomorrow.I wish you every success in your adult life!
作业4　Extended reading
[分值：57.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The boy pretended to be reading(read) when his teacher came in.
2．During the special phase，the responsibilities weigh heavily on him.
3．Give me one more chance，and I will correct my mistake and work hard.
4．I feel greatly privileged(privilege) to tell you how to relieve our heavy study burdens.
5．Even though the teacher insisted that they were very special ants，Rita couldn’t help feeling disappointed(disappoint)．
Ⅱ.主题微写作(满分15分)
1．我很荣幸能站在这里发表一个关于保护我们的环境的演讲。(privilege，it作形式主语)
It is a privilege for me to stand here to deliver a speech about protecting our environment.
2．我们的环境正在遭受无情地严重破坏，像水污染和空气污染。 (mercy)
Our environment is being seriously damaged without mercy，such as water pollution and air pollution.
3．我们不应该再假装什么都没发生，现在是时候采取行动了。(pretend)
We should not pretend that nothing has happened any more and it is high time that we took action.
4．我们携手努力，就会创造一个更美丽的世界。(hand in hand，祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
Make efforts hand in hand and we will create a more beautiful world.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Sometimes I buy coins from online auctions (拍卖) as a hobby.After a long month of waiting，I finally got a package from the auction company.But this box was way too heavy.My name was on the shipping package，but the contents and bill inside were not mine—more stuff than I even purchased.
It was after business hours，and I couldn’t call the auction company，so I messaged the buyer’s phone number on the bill.He got my coins—in a 5,000 lot online auction，half a country away，what’s that chance
He said he had called and e-mailed the company and had no response，and thought his coins were just lost.His address was on the bill，and we’re only 3 hours away from each other.So，I suggested we meet halfway for an exchange，and he agreed.
We met，exchanged coins，and while we were talking，I mentioned that I didn’t usually buy them from auctions，I liked to get rolled coins from the bank，and that two of my grandkids and I searched coins to fill collection books and looked for wrong coins.
As we were about to go back，this guy tore open one roll of pennies and handed me three coins—without even looking at them！—and said “this is for you and your grandkids”．
I was absolutely，completely blown away.Those coins could have been worth thousands each，but he never looked at them，just handed them to me，shook my hand，and left...he paid huge extra money for that roll of coins.I know that because I saw the bill.
I have put the coins in protective bags，wrote dates and names of this guy on them，and I couldn’t wait to give them to my grandkids and tell them this story.And I hope this story is one they can remember.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，介绍的是一位收藏者在收到拍卖行误寄的包裹后，主动联系另一位买家并促成物归原主，对方感动之余慷慨赠予珍贵硬币，传递了诚信与善意。
1．How did the author find something wrong with his package
A．Someone called to tell the truth.
B．Its weight didn’t match his purchase.
C．The name on the package was not correct.
D．Its value was less than the coins he bought.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“But this box was way too heavy...more stuff than I even purchased.”可知，作者收到的包裹的重量与作者实际购买的东西的重量并不匹配，故选B。
2．What information did the author share after they met halfway
A．The lovely coins he had lost.
B．Proper ways he shipped coins.
C．His coin-collecting partners.
D．The trouble his grandkids brought to him.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“I mentioned that...that two of my grandkids and I searched coins to fill collection books and looked for wrong coins.”可知，见面后作者向对方提到和自己一起收集硬币的同伴——作者的两个孙子，故选C。
3．Which of the following can best describe the coin owner
A．Honest. B．Careful.
C．Humorous. D．Generous.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“As we were about to go back，this guy tore open one roll of pennies...and said ‘this is for you and your grandkids’．”和倒数第二段中“Those coins could have been worth thousands each...he paid huge extra money for that roll of coins.”可知，硬币的主人给了作者三枚很值钱的硬币，故他很慷慨，故选D。
4．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Bags. B．Coins.
C．Dates. D．Names.
答案　A
解析　代词指代题。根据画线词所在句“I have put the coins in protective bags，wrote dates and names of this guy on them”可知，作者把硬币装进袋子后应是在袋子上写日期和名字，故them指代前文的bags，故选A。
B(此篇精读)
From now on，never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.Instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born.Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.
The seeds，and the power to grow them，are contained in the most awesome machine ever created：the human mind.Success is a choice and not a chance.You were born a winner.You were born rich.You can be a success if only you make the right choice.
You cannot be successful without first developing your self-esteem.Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself，and thus over your life.People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives.They are the perennial(长期的) victims and martyrs.They are leaves，tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance and blown about① with any sudden change in the weather.
You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for everything that happens in your life.Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance.Successful people realize that they are responsible.
Everything happens as a result of something.If we can identify the cause，we can control the effect.We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe.One generally rises to the level that one expects.We are responsible for setting our expectations.Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence.
If you associate with positive-thinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success.On the contrary，the opposite happens.We are responsible for finding，planting，and nurturing② the seeds that contain future victory，born from setbacks.
In short③，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible.Once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it，you are on the road to success.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。作者认为成功是一种选择，而不是单纯靠机遇，我们要对自己思考后做出的选择负责，也要对自己生活的方方面面负责任。这样，我们才会离成功更进一步。
5．Why are people with low self-esteem compared to leaves
A．Because they are ready to change their minds.
B．Because they are easily affected by windy weather.
C．Because they don’t have the power to face their fate.
D．Because they can’t exercise control over themselves.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives...They are leaves tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.”可知，低自尊的人无法掌控自己的生活，因此他们像树叶一样容易受到外界影响。故选D项。
6．What would losers think
A．Success is the result of hard work.
B．Working hard will lead to success.
C．Their failure is only because of bad luck.
D．They don’t make efforts to succeed.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance.”可知，失败者往往将自己的失败归因于坏运气。故选C项。
7．What can be inferred from paragraph 5
A．We are what we make us.
B．Knowing cause and effect is the key to future success.
C．Thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind.
D．Setting our expectations is essential before taking action.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，任何事物的发生都有原因，我们要对自己思考后做出的决定负责，我们的成功取决于我们的自信程度。由此可以推断，成功绝非偶然，而是取决于我们对待事物的态度，所以我们是由我们自己造就的。故选A项。
8．Which is the best title for the text
A．The Secrets of Success
B．Success Is a Choice
C．Develop Our Confidence
D．How to Achieve Success
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。文章首段引入话题，第二段提出话题——成功是一种选择而非偶然，后面的段落探讨了只要做出正确的选择，为自己的思想和信念负责，选择与积极思考的人为伍，每个人都可以成功，最后一段总结论点：我们要取得成功，就要对生活各个方面的选择负责。B项“成功是一种选择”为本文最佳标题。故选B项。
[语境猜词]
①blow about 四处吹拂
②nurture v．培育；扶持，帮助，支持
③in short总之；简言之
[句式分析]
They are leaves，tossed by the winds of chance and blown about with any sudden change in the weather.
分析：此句为简单句。tossed by...和blown about...均为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰leaves。
翻译：他们就像树叶，被偶然的狂风吹得东摇西摆，随天气突变而飘零无依。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
17-year-old Aarrav Anil，interested in robotics，has represented his country at more than 20 robotics competitions.Now，he has 1 a smart spoon that can help people with Parkinson’s disease preserve their 2 in dining.
Aarrav didn’t do this to win awards or honor; his 3 for this spoon came from seeing his uncle who has such a disease 4 to feed himself.Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth，so someone has to 5 him.The youth decided to help his uncle.
Not everything went 6 during the development.For example，he failed to 7 some special electronic parts in his country and had to import them from other countries.In the end，Aarrav made the first 8 successfully.But the handle was so slippery that it was 9 for his uncle.Now the original design has 10 a few changes.“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.It needs to be 11 so that it can be washed.And the spoon needs to be 12 to hold more food，” Aarrav said.
While similar products have already 13 the market，their cost is too high for most people.Aarrav’s smart spoon can be a help in 14 the price.His hope is that everyone with Parkinson’s will have a 15 to use it to eat by themselves.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁的Aarrav Anil见到叔叔患有帕金森氏症而无法独立进食，于是发明了一款可以帮助这类患者用餐的智能勺子。
1．A.discovered B．recommended
C．invented D．advocated
答案　C
解析　根据第三段叙述的Aarrav对勺子的设计进行各种微调可知，他发明了这种智能勺子。故选C。
2．A.curiosity B．independence
C．appetite D．strength
答案　B
解析　根据最后一段的“His hope is that everyone with Parkinson’s will have a to use it to eat by themselves.”可知，Aarrav希望患者可以用这种勺子自己吃饭，也就是帮助患者在用餐时保持独立。故选B。
3．A.admiration B．fancy
C．motivation D．design
答案　C
解析　根据上文“Aarrav didn’t do this to win awards or honor”可知，此处是介绍Aarrav发明这种勺子的动机，他不是为了赢得奖励或荣誉，而是为了帮助自己的叔叔。故选C。
4．A.hesitating B．preferring
C．refusing D．struggling
答案　D
解析　根据下文“Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth”可知，Aarrav的叔叔吃饭时，食物总是从勺子上掉下来，从他嘴里流出来，因此他是挣扎着喂自己吃饭。故选D。
5．A.nurse B．inspire
C．persuade D．remind
答案　A
解析　根据上文“Food kept falling off the spoon and flowing out of his mouth”可知，Aarrav的叔叔吃饭很困难，因此必须有人照顾他。故选A。
6．A.precisely B．quickly
C．separately D．smoothly
答案　D
解析　根据下文“For example，he failed to...”可知，Aarrav在发明的过程中遇到了一些困难，因此并非所有事情都进展顺利。故选D。
7．A.find B．identify
C．upgrade D．reshape
答案　A
解析　根据下文“had to import them from other countries”可知，Aarrav不得不从其他国家进口特殊的电子零件，因此是在自己的国家没有找到这些零件。故选A。
8．A.exposure B．step
C．model D．submission
答案　C
解析　根据下文“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.”可知，Aarrav一直在根据用户的反馈对发明出的第一版勺子进行微调，因此是制造了第一个模型。故选C。
9．A.unsuitable B．unequal
C．unqualified D．unhealthy
答案　A
解析　根据上文“the handle was so slippery”可知，勺柄太滑了，因此是不适合患有帕金森氏症的叔叔。故选A。
10．A.taken in B．gone through
C．made for D．turned down
答案　B
解析　根据下文“I’ve been fine-tuning the version based on users’ feedback.”可知，Aarrav一直在根据用户的反馈对发明出的第一版勺子进行微调，因此最初的设计是经历了一些修改。故选B。
11．A.drop-proof B．trouble-free
C．water-resistant D．weather-beaten
答案　C
解析　根据下文“so that it can be washed”可知，这款勺子需要能被清洗，因此是需要防水。故选C。
12．A.thinner B．flatter
C．firmer D．deeper
答案　D
解析　根据下文“to hold more food”可知，这款勺子需要能盛下更多的食物，因此是需要深一些。故选D。
13．A.cornered B．entered
C．determined D．enriched
答案　B
解析　根据上文“similar products”和下文“the market，their cost is too high for most people”可推知，此处指类似的勺子已经进入市场，但存在价格太高的问题，从而衬托Aarrav的发明的优势。故选B。
14．A.setting B．negotiating
C．assessing D．lowering
答案　D
解析　根据上文“their cost is too high for most people”可知，市场上类似产品的价格过高，而Aarrav的智能勺子可以帮助降低价格。故选D。
15．A.right B．chance
C．mind D．desire
答案　B
解析　根据Aarrav发明出一款智能勺子以帮助帕金森氏症患者独立用餐并结合下文“to use it to eat by themselves”可推知，此处指他希望为这些患者提供自己吃饭的机会。故选B。

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