资源简介

(共70张PPT)
Period 1
Never too old to learn
Unit 4
Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
内容索引
Step 1　速读——整体感知
Step 2　细读——精研语篇
Step 3　剖析——长句难句
作业1
Step 4　达标检测
速读——整体感知
What is the main idea of the passage
A.We should be lifelong learners.
B.We are living in a rapidly changing world.
C.We had better accept new ideas completely.
D.We should be content with our current situations.
Ⅰ.明文章大意
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
返 回
to acquire knowledge
how much you do not know
Reasons
study
and work environ-
ments
production of
knowledge
Ways
Having an open mind
opportunities
analysis, evaluation and
improvement
never cease to learn
细读——精研语篇
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why is Confucius mentioned in paragraph 1
A.To indicate that we should show much respect for Confucius.
B.To prove that it is important to admit there is a lot to learn.
C.To make us aware that acquiring knowledge is the only means of
learning.
D.To tell us how to recognize what we do not know.
√
2.What can we infer from paragraph 2
A.Being a lifelong learner is both essential and beneficial.
B.Working in new environments is hard but rewarding.
C.Revising what we already know can assist us to solve the current
difficulties.
D.Keeping up with the latest developments can help you find a good job.
√
3.Who is likely to become a lifelong learner
A.A man who is good at studying.
B.A man who is objective and open-minded.
C.A person who likes to make critical comments.
D.A person who is unwilling to put what he learned into practice.
√
4.What is the author’s attitude towards lifelong learning
A.Doubtful. B.Neutral.
C.Supportive. D.Indifferent.
返 回
√
剖析——长句难句
1.As I journey through my life，I have become aware that acquiring knowledge is not only a means by which you can better understand the world，but also a way of appreciating how much，as an individual，you do not know.(P44，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。as引导 从句；that引导 从句，在这个从句中acquiring knowledge为动名词短语作 ，by which引导 从句，how much引导 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
当我走在人生的旅途中时，我开始领悟到，求知不光是让你能更好地了解世界的一种手段，也是洞悉自己作为个体还有多少未知的一种方式。
时间状语
宾语
主语
定语
宾语
2.I once had an art teacher，pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important，but also what you cannot see.(P44，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。第一个that引导 从句；现在分词短语pointing out...作 ，修饰an art teacher；it is...that...为 句型，not only...but also...连接两个并列的 从句what you can see和what you cannot see。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
我曾经有过一位美术老师，他(她)向我指出，重要的不仅仅是你能看到过的东西，你看不到的东西也很重要。
宾语
定语
强调
主语
3.When I drew a still life，it was impressed upon me that the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves.(P44，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。when引导 从句；主句中it是
，后面的that引导的从句是真正的 ；that从句中包括“as＋adj.＋as＋n.”结构，意为“ ”。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
时间状语
当我在画静物时，我意识到成功的构图中，物体间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。
形式主语
主语
和……一样……
4.Also，as the great educator Confucius stated，“When you know a thing，to recognize that you know it; and when you do not know a thing，to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.”(P44，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。as引导 从句；直接引语中两个when都引导 从句，前两个that引导 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
非限制性定语
时间状语
并且，正如伟大的教育家孔子所言：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”
宾语
5.New knowledge is constantly being generated and what you already know is being revised all the time，to the extent that it can be difficult to keep pace with the latest developments.(P44-45，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是and连接的 句。第二个分句中what引导
从句；to the extent that 相当于so much that，引导 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列主从复合
结果状语
主语
新知识不断涌现着，你已有的认知一直在被修正，以至于难以跟上最新的发展。
6.This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(P45，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。to suggest...和to acknowledge...为动词不定式短语作 ，由not...but...连接；两个that引导的都是 从句； 第二个that引导的从句中，动名词短语refreshing your knowledge...作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
宾语
表语
这并不是说学校教育对你来说没有必要，而是承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必不可少且十分有益的。
主语
7.Finally，understand that it is not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know，because for knowledge to have concrete value，it must be applied.(P45，Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。that引导 从句，从句中it为 ，后面的to simply know something or to understand what you know 是真正的 ，what引导 从句；because引导 从句，从句中for knowledge to have concrete value为不定式复合结构作 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
形式主语
宾语
最后，要明白仅仅是知道某事或理解你所知道的知识是不够的，因为要让知识发挥实际价值，必须对其加以应用。
主语
宾语
原因状语
目的状语
8.Therefore，know what you know and use it; know what you do not know and embrace it; know that you will never know all there is to know and wonder at it.(P45，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是 句。两个what引导的都是 从句；that引导的是 从句；there is to know是省略关系代词 的定语从句，先行词是 。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
宾语
宾语
因此，要知道自己知道什么并运用所知；要知道自己不知道什么并接纳未知；要知道人生有涯而知无涯，对未知抱有一颗敬畏之心。
返 回
that
all
达标检测
As I journey through my life，I have become aware that 1.___________(acquire) knowledge is not only a way to better understand the world，but also a way of appreciating how much you do not know.
As you progress through life，you may study and work in new environments.Consequently，you will 2. (expose) to many new ideas，beliefs，practices and learning experiences.So refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is both essential and 3. (benefit).
acquiring
课文语法填空
be exposed
beneficial
So，how can you proceed？Firstly，lifelong learning is an attitude.Lifelong learners are those who have 4. open mind.Be objective and make 5. (you) open to new knowledge and ideas.Do not criticize them or reject them 6. (simple) because they differ from what you know or believe.Secondly，take advantage of 7.______________(opportunity) for lifelong learning.You could register online and subscribe to e-learning courses,8. have been increasingly popular in recent years.You could also visit the local library where resources are rich and diverse.Finally，understand that it is not sufficient 9._________(know) something or to understand what you know，because knowledge must be applied.
an
yourself
simply
opportunities
which
to know
返 回
10. summary，in a world of constant change，one should never cease to learn.
In
作业1
1.She stared at me with a blank expression on her face.
2.The government expressed its resolve and determination to uncover the truth.
3.It is better that you can get enough sleep to refresh yourself for the next day.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
_____________________
____________
____________
adj.无表情的，木然的
n.坚定的信念
vt.使恢复精力
1.Andy sat down at the table and what the problem was.
2.Lacking criteria for selection led to inequality when candidates were judged.
3.With (具体的) evidence found，the man was arrested without delay and put into prison.
4.Confucius is an outstanding language master as well as the first great
(教育家) in China.
5.He behaved strangely，saying nothing during the whole day，which was completely beyond .
Ⅱ.单词拼写
inquired
objective
concrete
educator
comprehension
A
Paul Durietz is a 77-year-old social studies teacher from Illinois.On September 1,2023，he set a Guinness World Record for the world’s longest teaching career.Mr Durietz has been teaching for 54 years since he was 23 years old.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述Paul Durietz是一位来自伊利诺伊州的77岁社会科学老师，他创造了世界上最长教学生涯的吉尼斯世界纪录。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Mr Durietz made up his mind to be a social studies teacher when he was just 11 years old，mainly because he became interested in history after hearing stories from his father，who fought in World War Ⅱ.On his mother’s side of the family，he had connections to a famous person from English history.
Mr Durietz got his first teaching job at Woodland Middle School in Gurnee，Illinois in 1970.Ever since then，he has been teaching social studies at the same school.He says he loves sharing his knowledge of history with students.“Teaching is never boring，” he said.“Every day is different.”
Things have changed a lot since he began all those years ago，especially when it comes to technology.But with or without technology，Mr Durietz has used creative activities to help his students learn.For example，he has organized virtual field trips and geography contests.He has even organized mock(模拟的) elections at school to help his students learn about politics.These activities are some of the ones that he and his students enjoy most.
For much of his 54 years as a teacher，Mr Durietz has been in charge of the social studies program at Woodland.He has helped guide over 20 other social studies teachers at the school.He believes that people who want to be teachers should make sure they are patient with their students.He also encourages them to choose subjects that they care deeply about.“Keep working on what you love to do in life，” he said.
1.What made Paul Durietz decide to be a social studies teacher
A.Respect for his father.
B.His love for history.
C.Suggestions from a celebrity.
D.His parents’ expectations.
√
细节理解题。由第二段中“Mr Durietz made up his mind to be a social studies teacher when he was just 11 years old，mainly because he became interested in history after hearing stories from his father，who fought in World War Ⅱ.”可知，对历史的热爱促使他决定当一名社会科学教师。故选B项。
解析
2.Which of the following best describes Paul Durietz
A.Strict and innovative.
B.Patient and humorous.
C.Ambitious and considerate.
D.Dedicated and enthusiastic.
√
推理判断题。由第一段可知，Durietz献身教学事业54年，创造了世界最长教学生涯的吉尼斯世界纪录，由第三段中“He says he loves sharing his knowledge of history with students.”和第四段中“...Mr Durietz has used creative activities to help his students learn.”可知，Durietz喜欢和学生们分享他的历史知识并用创造性的活动来帮助学生学习，综上可推知他具有奉献精神且对教育事业充满热情。故选D项。
解析
3.What is Paul Durietz’s particular teaching method
A.Organizing learning activities.
B.Making full use of his free time.
C.Assigning a lot of homework.
D.Planning social practice projects.
细节理解题。由第四段中“For example，he has organized virtual field trips and geography contests.He has even organized mock(模拟的) elections at school to help his students learn about politics.”可知，组织形式多样的学习活动是Paul Durietz的特殊教学方法。故选A项。
解析
√
4.What is Paul Durietz’s advice for people wanting to be teachers
A.Selecting important subjects.
B.Having patience with students.
C.Working where teachers are most needed.
D.Being concerned about advanced technology.
细节理解题。由最后一段中“He believes that people who want to be teachers should make sure they are patient with their students.”可知，Paul Durietz对想当老师的人的建议是：对学生有耐心。故选B项。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
Handwriting notes in class might seem old-fashioned as digital technology affects nearly every aspect of learning.But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn，especially for young children.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究表明手写笔记能增强学习效果，尤其是对儿童而言。手写可激活大脑的视觉和运动区域，促进信息加工与概念理解，优于键盘输入。然而科技在教育中仍有其价值，关键在于平衡使用。
The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly，without thinking much about what they’re writing—but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming① information.This conscious action of building on existing knowledge can make it easier for students to stay engaged and grasp new concepts.
To understand specific brain-activity differences during the two note-taking approaches，the authors of the new study sewed electrodes(电极) into a hairnet with 256 sensors.These sensors let the scientists record 36 students’ brain activity as they wrote or typed words displayed on a screen.When students wrote by hand，the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information，and the motor cortex(运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person’s next action.Typing，however，resulted in minimal② activity in these brain regions.
Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie③ between physical actions and concept understanding，“As you’re writing a word，you’re taking this perceptual(知觉的) understanding of something and using motor system to create it.” That creation then affects the visual system，where it’s processed again—strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it.
Vinci-Booher notes that the new findings don’t mean technology is always a disadvantage in the classroom.Digital devices can be more efficient for writing essays and offer more equal access to educational resources.However，there’s a growing trend of relying on digital devices to perform cognitive(认知的) tasks，such as taking photos instead of memorizing information.Yadurshana Sivashankar，a researcher at the University of Waterloo says，“If we’re not actively using these areas，then they are going to become worse over time，whether it’s memory or motor skills.”
5.Why does the author mention the 2014 study
A.To present different research findings.
B.To make the new research more convincing.
C.To compare two note-taking approaches.
D.To show the advantage of writing slowly.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The new research builds on a 2014 study that...writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information.”可知，新的研究建立在2014年的研究的基础上，且两项研究的结论方向一致，所以作者提及2014年的研究是为了让新的研究更具说服力。故选B项。
解析
6.What can be learned from the experiment in paragraph 3
A.Sensors were used to process visual information.
B.Electrodes were connected to students’ hair directly.
C.Writing by hand activated more brain activity than typing.
D.Typing stimulated the motor cortex to inform following action.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段中“When students wrote by hand，the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity...Typing，however，resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions.”可知，手写可以激活大脑广泛的活动，而打字只引起了最小的活动，由此可知，手写比打字更能激活大脑活动。故选C项。
解析
7.What would Sophia Vinci-Booher probably advise students to do
A.Make better use of motor system.
B.Take advantage of digital devices.
C.Adopt a new approach to taking notes.
D.Memorize words by writing essays.
推理判断题。根据第四段“...Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie...strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it.”可知，Sophia Vinci-Booher认为写单词可以增进理解，建立动作与单词间的联系并进行强化，由此可推知她可能会建议学生通过写文章来记忆单词。故选D项。
解析
√
8.What is the main idea of the text
A.Writing by hand comes with learning benefits.
B.Taking notes enhances students’ brain activity.
C.Technology is not a disadvantage in classroom.
D.Two note-taking approaches have clear differences.
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn，especially for young children.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了手写笔记能增强学习效果，有助于学习。故选A项。
解析
√
①incoming adj.__________
②minimal adj._______________
③tie 熟义： n.领带 生义(文义)：n.______
语境猜词
刚收到的
极小的；极少的
联系
The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly，without thinking much about what they’re writing—but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information.
分析：that引导 从句，修饰study；suggest后people may...
information是省略 的宾语从句，此宾语从句是一个由but连接的
句。其中what they’re writing为 从句。
句式分析
定语
并列复合
宾语
翻译：_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
这项新研究基于一项2014年的调查发现：人们用键盘打字时可能只是快速记录文字，并不太思考所写内容；但手写速度较慢，反而促使人们主动关注并处理接收到的信息。
that
Critical reading is active reading.It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了批判性阅读的含义，并为如何成为有批判思维的读者提供了相关建议。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.Evaluate the sources the author uses.
B.Don’t accept what is written at face value.
C.Also be certain that the sources are relevant.
D.Identify any possible prejudice the author has.
E.Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
F.The reasons why you should be a critical reader are as follows.
G.In many cases，the author’s assumptions are not directly stated.
Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying and forming your own opinions. 1
√
前文“Critical reading is active reading.It involves more than...and forming your own opinions.”指出批判性阅读的内在含义，后文的段落介绍了如何做到批判性阅读，因此E项(要成为一个有批判思维的读者，你应该做以下这些事情)符合语境，承上启下。故选E。
解析
· Consider the context of what is written.
You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours.Or，you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours.In either case，you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.
·Question statements made by the author.
2 Before accepting what is written，be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any statements made. Look for facts，examples，and statistics that provide support.Also，look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.
A.Evaluate the sources the author uses.
B.Don’t accept what is written at face value.
C.Also be certain that the sources are relevant.
D.Identify any possible prejudice the author has.
E.Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
F.The reasons why you should be a critical reader are as follows.
G.In many cases，the author’s assumptions are not directly stated.
√
本段标题“Question statements made by the author.”建议质疑作者的说法，后文“Before accepting what is written，be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any statements made.”建议接受作者所写的东西之前要进行验证，因此B项(不能只看表面就接受所写的东西)符合语境，引出后文的做法，其中的accept和后文的accepting呼应。故选B。
解析
·Analyze assumptions made by the author.
Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make statements. 3 This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions.Once you identify an assumption，you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.
A.Evaluate the sources the author uses.
B.Don’t accept what is written at face value.
C.Also be certain that the sources are relevant.
D.Identify any possible prejudice the author has.
E.Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
F.The reasons why you should be a critical reader are as follows.
G.In many cases，the author’s assumptions are not directly stated.
√
前文“Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make statements.”介绍假设的含义，后文“This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions.”指出要通过细读来确定假设，因此G项(在许多情况下，作者的假设不会被直接陈述)符合语境，承上启下，后文的This指代选项内容，其中的assumptions在前后文有同词复现。故选G。
解析
· 4
In doing this，be certain that the sources are reliable.
A.Evaluate the sources the author uses.
B.Don’t accept what is written at face value.
C.Also be certain that the sources are relevant.
D.Identify any possible prejudice the author has.
E.Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
F.The reasons why you should be a critical reader are as follows.
G.In many cases，the author’s assumptions are not directly stated.
√
根据后文“In doing this，be certain that the sources are reliable.”和“Finally，if the author is writing about a subject in its current state，be sure that the sources are current.”可知，本段主要和评估来源相关，空处是段落标题，需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句形式，因此A项(评估作者使用的资料来源)符合语境，其中的sources在后文有同词复现。故选A。
解析
For example，Einstein is a reliable source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics. 5 Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry. Finally，if the author is writing about a subject in its current state，be sure that the sources are current.For example，studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics.
A.Evaluate the sources the author uses.
B.Don’t accept what is written at face value.
C.Also be certain that the sources are relevant.
D.Identify any possible prejudice the author has.
E.Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
F.The reasons why you should be a critical reader are as follows.
G.In many cases，the author’s assumptions are not directly stated.
√
后文“Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry.”以爱因斯坦举例，说明要注意来源的相关性，因此C项(同时也要确保信息来源是相关的)符合语境，引出后文的例子，其中的relevant在后文有同词复现，选项和前文“be certain that the sources are reliable”以及后文“be sure that the sources are current”句式平行。故选C。
解析
The Chinese Academy of Sciences launched its 19th Public Science Day on May 15,2023，with the goal of popularizing science and 1.____________(allow) the public to engage with noted scientists and key research facilities.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国科学院于2023年5月15日举办了第19届公众科学日，旨在普及科学并让公众与知名科学家和重要研究设施互动。
Ⅴ.语法填空
allowing
考查非谓语动词。设空处使用动名词与空前的popularizing构成并列结构，作宾语。故填allowing。
解析
On that day，the academy opened 100 research institutions to the public as well as about 100 observatories，botanical gardens，museums，field stations and key 2. (laboratory).Parents and children queued up 3. (eager) outside the front doors early in the morning and were drawn by scientific experiments 4. display the moment they were in.The Institute of Automation extended opening hours several times to accommodate visitors.
laboratories
eagerly
on
2.考查名词的数。laboratory“实验室”为可数名词，结合前面并列的名词均为复数可知，此处也应用复数形式表示泛指。故填laboratories。
3.考查副词。分析句子可知，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词短语queued up。故填eagerly。
4.考查介词。分析句意可知，此处应用固定短语on display“在展出”。故填on。
解析
Children of all ages could see the scientists conduct physics experiments，use the instruments themselves 5. ask related questions.One visitor said he was most thrilled to see real physicists in person and that his favorite exhibits at the institute 6. (be) about brain-computer interfaces(连接).With the technology，he could put on a headband and use his brainwaves 7. (wake) up a virtual cat on screen.
and
were
to wake
5.考查连词。分析句子可知，空处前后的动词see，use和ask为并列关系，在最后一个动词前加and。故填and。
6.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合主句谓语动词said可知，此处宾语从句表示过去事实，故使用一般过去时，主语exhibits为复数，谓语用复数。 故填were。
7.考查非谓语动词。use sth to do为固定短语，意为“使用某物去做某事”，动词不定式表示目的。故填to wake。
解析
“In the past few decades，Chinese scientists have accomplished many great things，” said a researcher at the Institute of Automation，“and these achievements should not 8. (lock) away in an ivory tower.Science education should start at 9. early age.”By communicating their findings to the public，scientists can also learn more about the actual needs of the people,10. helps open up new areas of research.
be locked
an
which
8.考查动词的语态。设空处在情态动词之后，用动词原形，同时these achievements与lock之间是被动关系。故填be locked。
9.考查冠词。at an early age为固定短语，意为“从小开始，在早期”。故填an。
10.考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的事实，为物。故填which。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
Step 1　速读——整体感知
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．We should be lifelong learners.
B．We are living in a rapidly changing world.
C．We had better accept new ideas completely.
D．We should be content with our current situations.
答案　A
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——精研语篇
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1．Why is Confucius mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To indicate that we should show much respect for Confucius.
B．To prove that it is important to admit there is a lot to learn.
C．To make us aware that acquiring knowledge is the only means of learning.
D．To tell us how to recognize what we do not know.
答案　B
2．What can we infer from paragraph 2
A．Being a lifelong learner is both essential and beneficial.
B．Working in new environments is hard but rewarding.
C．Revising what we already know can assist us to solve the current difficulties.
D．Keeping up with the latest developments can help you find a good job.
答案　A
3．Who is likely to become a lifelong learner
A．A man who is good at studying.
B．A man who is objective and open-minded.
C．A person who likes to make critical comments.
D．A person who is unwilling to put what he learned into practice.
答案　B
4．What is the author’s attitude towards lifelong learning
A．Doubtful. B．Neutral.
C．Supportive. D．Indifferent.
答案　C
Step 3　剖析——长句难句
1．As I journey through my life，I have become aware that acquiring knowledge is not only a means by which you can better understand the world，but also a way of appreciating how much，as an individual，you do not know.(P44，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。as引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句，在这个从句中acquiring knowledge为动名词短语作主语，by which引导定语从句，how much引导宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 当我走在人生的旅途中时，我开始领悟到，求知不光是让你能更好地了解世界的一种手段，也是洞悉自己作为个体还有多少未知的一种方式。
2．I once had an art teacher，pointing out that it is not only what you can see that is important，but also what you cannot see.(P44，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。第一个that引导宾语从句；现在分词短语pointing out...作定语，修饰an art teacher；it is...that...为强调句型，not only...but also...连接两个并列的主语从句what you can see和what you cannot see。
[汉语翻译] 我曾经有过一位美术老师，他(她)向我指出，重要的不仅仅是你能看到过的东西，你看不到的东西也很重要。
3．When I drew a still life，it was impressed upon me that the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves.(P44，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。when引导时间状语从句；主句中it是形式主语，后面的that引导的从句是真正的主语；that从句中包括“as＋adj.＋as＋n.”结构，意为“和……一样……”。
[汉语翻译] 当我在画静物时，我意识到成功的构图中，物体间的留白和实际的物体本身一样关键。
4．Also，as the great educator Confucius stated，“When you know a thing，to recognize that you know it; and when you do not know a thing，to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.”(P44，Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。as引导非限制性定语从句；直接引语中两个when都引导时间状语从句，前两个that引导宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 并且，正如伟大的教育家孔子所言：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”
5．New knowledge is constantly being generated and what you already know is being revised all the time，to the extent that it can be difficult to keep pace with the latest developments.(P44-45，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是and连接的并列主从复合句。第二个分句中what引导主语从句；to the extent that 相当于so much that，引导结果状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 新知识不断涌现着，你已有的认知一直在被修正，以至于难以跟上最新的发展。
6．This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(P45，Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。to suggest...和to acknowledge...为动词不定式短语作表语，由not...but...连接；两个that引导的都是宾语从句； 第二个that引导的从句中，动名词短语refreshing your knowledge...作主语。
[汉语翻译] 这并不是说学校教育对你来说没有必要，而是承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必不可少且十分有益的。
7．Finally，understand that it is not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know，because for knowledge to have concrete value，it must be applied.(P45，Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。that引导宾语从句，从句中it为形式主语，后面的to simply know something or to understand what you know 是真正的主语，what引导宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句，从句中for knowledge to have concrete value为不定式复合结构作目的状语。
[汉语翻译] 最后，要明白仅仅是知道某事或理解你所知道的知识是不够的，因为要让知识发挥实际价值，必须对其加以应用。
8．Therefore，know what you know and use it; know what you do not know and embrace it; know that you will never know all there is to know and wonder at it.(P45，Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。两个what引导的都是宾语从句；that引导的是宾语从句；there is to know是省略关系代词that的定语从句，先行词是all。
[汉语翻译] 因此，要知道自己知道什么并运用所知；要知道自己不知道什么并接纳未知；要知道人生有涯而知无涯，对未知抱有一颗敬畏之心。
As I journey through my life，I have become aware that 1.acquiring(acquire) knowledge is not only a way to better understand the world，but also a way of appreciating how much you do not know.
As you progress through life，you may study and work in new environments.Consequently，you will 2.be exposed(expose) to many new ideas，beliefs，practices and learning experiences.So refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is both essential and 3.beneficial(benefit)．
So，how can you proceed？Firstly，lifelong learning is an attitude.Lifelong learners are those who have 4.an open mind.Be objective and make 5.yourself(you) open to new knowledge and ideas.Do not criticize them or reject them 6.simply(simple) because they differ from what you know or believe.Secondly，take advantage of 7.opportunities(opportunity) for lifelong learning.You could register online and subscribe to e-learning courses,8.which have been increasingly popular in recent years.You could also visit the local library where resources are rich and diverse.Finally，understand that it is not sufficient 9.to know(know) something or to understand what you know，because knowledge must be applied.
10．In summary，in a world of constant change，one should never cease to learn.
作业1　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Reading comprehension
[分值：55.5分]
Ⅰ.品句猜词(共3小题；每小题1分，满分3分)
1．She stared at me with a blank expression on her face.adj.无表情的，木然的
2．The government expressed its resolve and determination to uncover the truth.n.坚定的信念
3．It is better that you can get enough sleep to refresh yourself for the next day.vt.使恢复精力
Ⅱ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．Andy sat down at the table and inquired what the problem was.
2．Lacking objective criteria for selection led to inequality when candidates were judged.
3．With concrete(具体的) evidence found，the man was arrested without delay and put into prison.
4.Confucius is an outstanding language master as well as the first great educator(教育家) in China.
5．He behaved strangely，saying nothing during the whole day，which was completely beyond comprehension.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Paul Durietz is a 77-year-old social studies teacher from Illinois.On September 1,2023，he set a Guinness World Record for the world’s longest teaching career.Mr Durietz has been teaching for 54 years since he was 23 years old.
Mr Durietz made up his mind to be a social studies teacher when he was just 11 years old，mainly because he became interested in history after hearing stories from his father，who fought in World War Ⅱ.On his mother’s side of the family，he had connections to a famous person from English history.
Mr Durietz got his first teaching job at Woodland Middle School in Gurnee，Illinois in 1970.Ever since then，he has been teaching social studies at the same school.He says he loves sharing his knowledge of history with students.“Teaching is never boring，” he said.“Every day is different.”
Things have changed a lot since he began all those years ago，especially when it comes to technology.But with or without technology，Mr Durietz has used creative activities to help his students learn.For example，he has organized virtual field trips and geography contests.He has even organized mock(模拟的) elections at school to help his students learn about politics.These activities are some of the ones that he and his students enjoy most.
For much of his 54 years as a teacher，Mr Durietz has been in charge of the social studies program at Woodland.He has helped guide over 20 other social studies teachers at the school.He believes that people who want to be teachers should make sure they are patient with their students.He also encourages them to choose subjects that they care deeply about.“Keep working on what you love to do in life，” he said.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述Paul Durietz是一位来自伊利诺伊州的77岁社会科学老师，他创造了世界上最长教学生涯的吉尼斯世界纪录。
1．What made Paul Durietz decide to be a social studies teacher
A．Respect for his father.
B．His love for history.
C．Suggestions from a celebrity.
D．His parents’ expectations.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。由第二段中“Mr Durietz made up his mind to be a social studies teacher when he was just 11 years old，mainly because he became interested in history after hearing stories from his father，who fought in World War Ⅱ.”可知，对历史的热爱促使他决定当一名社会科学教师。故选B项。
2．Which of the following best describes Paul Durietz
A．Strict and innovative.
B．Patient and humorous.
C．Ambitious and considerate.
D．Dedicated and enthusiastic.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。由第一段可知，Durietz献身教学事业54年，创造了世界最长教学生涯的吉尼斯世界纪录，由第三段中“He says he loves sharing his knowledge of history with students.”和第四段中“...Mr Durietz has used creative activities to help his students learn.”可知，Durietz喜欢和学生们分享他的历史知识并用创造性的活动来帮助学生学习，综上可推知他具有奉献精神且对教育事业充满热情。故选D项。
3．What is Paul Durietz’s particular teaching method
A．Organizing learning activities.
B．Making full use of his free time.
C．Assigning a lot of homework.
D．Planning social practice projects.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。由第四段中“For example，he has organized virtual field trips and geography contests.He has even organized mock(模拟的) elections at school to help his students learn about politics.”可知，组织形式多样的学习活动是Paul Durietz的特殊教学方法。故选A项。
4．What is Paul Durietz’s advice for people wanting to be teachers
A．Selecting important subjects.
B．Having patience with students.
C．Working where teachers are most needed.
D．Being concerned about advanced technology.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。由最后一段中“He believes that people who want to be teachers should make sure they are patient with their students.”可知，Paul Durietz对想当老师的人的建议是：对学生有耐心。故选B项。
B(此篇精读)
Handwriting notes in class might seem old-fashioned as digital technology affects nearly every aspect of learning.But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn，especially for young children.
The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly，without thinking much about what they’re writing—but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming① information.This conscious action of building on existing knowledge can make it easier for students to stay engaged and grasp new concepts.
To understand specific brain-activity differences during the two note-taking approaches，the authors of the new study sewed electrodes(电极) into a hairnet with 256 sensors.These sensors let the scientists record 36 students’ brain activity as they wrote or typed words displayed on a screen.When students wrote by hand，the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information，and the motor cortex(运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person’s next action.Typing，however，resulted in minimal② activity in these brain regions.
Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie③ between physical actions and concept understanding，“As you’re writing a word，you’re taking this perceptual(知觉的) understanding of something and using motor system to create it.” That creation then affects the visual system，where it’s processed again—strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it.
Vinci-Booher notes that the new findings don’t mean technology is always a disadvantage in the classroom.Digital devices can be more efficient for writing essays and offer more equal access to educational resources.However，there’s a growing trend of relying on digital devices to perform cognitive(认知的) tasks，such as taking photos instead of memorizing information.Yadurshana Sivashankar，a researcher at the University of Waterloo says，“If we’re not actively using these areas，then they are going to become worse over time，whether it’s memory or motor skills.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了研究表明手写笔记能增强学习效果，尤其是对儿童而言。手写可激活大脑的视觉和运动区域，促进信息加工与概念理解，优于键盘输入。然而科技在教育中仍有其价值，关键在于平衡使用。
5．Why does the author mention the 2014 study
A．To present different research findings.
B．To make the new research more convincing.
C．To compare two note-taking approaches.
D．To show the advantage of writing slowly.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“The new research builds on a 2014 study that...writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information.”可知，新的研究建立在2014年的研究的基础上，且两项研究的结论方向一致，所以作者提及2014年的研究是为了让新的研究更具说服力。故选B项。
6．What can be learned from the experiment in paragraph 3
A．Sensors were used to process visual information.
B．Electrodes were connected to students’ hair directly.
C．Writing by hand activated more brain activity than typing.
D．Typing stimulated the motor cortex to inform following action.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“When students wrote by hand，the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity...Typing，however，resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions.”可知，手写可以激活大脑广泛的活动，而打字只引起了最小的活动，由此可知，手写比打字更能激活大脑活动。故选C项。
7．What would Sophia Vinci-Booher probably advise students to do
A．Make better use of motor system.
B．Take advantage of digital devices.
C．Adopt a new approach to taking notes.
D．Memorize words by writing essays.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段“...Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the clear tie...strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it.”可知，Sophia Vinci-Booher认为写单词可以增进理解，建立动作与单词间的联系并进行强化，由此可推知她可能会建议学生通过写文章来记忆单词。故选D项。
8．What is the main idea of the text
A．Writing by hand comes with learning benefits.
B．Taking notes enhances students’ brain activity.
C．Technology is not a disadvantage in classroom.
D．Two note-taking approaches have clear differences.
答案　A
解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the best way to learn，especially for young children.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了手写笔记能增强学习效果，有助于学习。故选A项。
[语境猜词]
①incoming adj.刚收到的
②minimal adj.极小的；极少的
③tie 熟义：n.领带 生义(文义)：n.联系
[句式分析]
The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly，without thinking much about what they’re writing—but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and process the incoming information.
分析：that引导定语从句，修饰study；suggest后people may...information是省略that的宾语从句，此宾语从句是一个由but连接的并列复合句。其中what they’re writing为宾语从句。
翻译：这项新研究基于一项2014年的调查发现：人们用键盘打字时可能只是快速记录文字，并不太思考所写内容；但手写速度较慢，反而促使人们主动关注并处理接收到的信息。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Critical reading is active reading.It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying.Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying and forming your own opinions. 1
· Consider the context of what is written.
You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours.Or，you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours.In either case，you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.
·Question statements made by the author.
2 Before accepting what is written，be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any statements made.Look for facts，examples，and statistics that provide support.Also，look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.
·Analyze assumptions made by the author.
Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make statements. 3 This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions.Once you identify an assumption，you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.
· 4
In doing this，be certain that the sources are reliable.For example，Einstein is a reliable source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics. 5 Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry.Finally，if the author is writing about a subject in its current state，be sure that the sources are current.For example，studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics.
A．Evaluate the sources the author uses.
B．Don’t accept what is written at face value.
C．Also be certain that the sources are relevant.
D．Identify any possible prejudice the author has.
E．Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
F．The reasons why you should be a critical reader are as follows.
G．In many cases，the author’s assumptions are not directly stated.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了批判性阅读的含义，并为如何成为有批判思维的读者提供了相关建议。
1．答案　E
解析　前文“Critical reading is active reading.It involves more than...and forming your own opinions.”指出批判性阅读的内在含义，后文的段落介绍了如何做到批判性阅读，因此E项(要成为一个有批判思维的读者，你应该做以下这些事情)符合语境，承上启下。故选E。
2．答案　B
解析　本段标题“Question statements made by the author.”建议质疑作者的说法，后文“Before accepting what is written，be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any statements made.”建议接受作者所写的东西之前要进行验证，因此B项(不能只看表面就接受所写的东西)符合语境，引出后文的做法，其中的accept和后文的accepting呼应。故选B。
3．答案　G
解析　前文“Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make statements.”介绍假设的含义，后文“This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions.”指出要通过细读来确定假设，因此G项(在许多情况下，作者的假设不会被直接陈述)符合语境，承上启下，后文的This指代选项内容，其中的assumptions在前后文有同词复现。故选G。
4．答案　A
解析　根据后文“In doing this，be certain that the sources are reliable.”和“Finally，if the author is writing about a subject in its current state，be sure that the sources are current.”可知，本段主要和评估来源相关，空处是段落标题，需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句形式，因此A项(评估作者使用的资料来源)符合语境，其中的sources在后文有同词复现。故选A。
5．答案　C
解析　后文“Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry.”以爱因斯坦举例，说明要注意来源的相关性，因此C项(同时也要确保信息来源是相关的)符合语境，引出后文的例子，其中的relevant在后文有同词复现，选项和前文“be certain that the sources are reliable”以及后文“be sure that the sources are current”句式平行。故选C。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Chinese Academy of Sciences launched its 19th Public Science Day on May 15,2023，with the goal of popularizing science and 1. (allow) the public to engage with noted scientists and key research facilities.
On that day，the academy opened 100 research institutions to the public as well as about 100 observatories，botanical gardens，museums，field stations and key 2. (laboratory)．Parents and children queued up 3. (eager) outside the front doors early in the morning and were drawn by scientific experiments 4. display the moment they were in.The Institute of Automation extended opening hours several times to accommodate visitors.
Children of all ages could see the scientists conduct physics experiments，use the instruments themselves 5. ask related questions.One visitor said he was most thrilled to see real physicists in person and that his favorite exhibits at the institute 6. (be) about brain-computer interfaces(连接)．With the technology，he could put on a headband and use his brainwaves 7. (wake) up a virtual cat on screen.
“In the past few decades，Chinese scientists have accomplished many great things，” said a researcher at the Institute of Automation，“and these achievements should not 8. (lock) away in an ivory tower.Science education should start at 9. early age.”By communicating their findings to the public，scientists can also learn more about the actual needs of the people,10. helps open up new areas of research.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国科学院于2023年5月15日举办了第19届公众科学日，旨在普及科学并让公众与知名科学家和重要研究设施互动。
1．答案　allowing
解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处使用动名词与空前的popularizing构成并列结构，作宾语。故填allowing。
2．答案　laboratories
解析　考查名词的数。laboratory“实验室”为可数名词，结合前面并列的名词均为复数可知，此处也应用复数形式表示泛指。故填laboratories。
3．答案　eagerly
解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词短语queued up。故填eagerly。
4．答案　on
解析　考查介词。分析句意可知，此处应用固定短语on display“在展出”。故填on。
5．答案　and
解析　考查连词。分析句子可知，空处前后的动词see，use和ask为并列关系，在最后一个动词前加and。故填and。
6．答案　were
解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合主句谓语动词said可知，此处宾语从句表示过去事实，故使用一般过去时，主语exhibits为复数，谓语用复数。 故填were。
7．答案　to wake
解析　考查非谓语动词。use sth to do为固定短语，意为“使用某物去做某事”，动词不定式表示目的。故填to wake。
8．答案　be locked
解析　考查动词的语态。设空处在情态动词之后，用动词原形，同时these achievements与lock之间是被动关系。故填be locked。
9．答案　an
解析　考查冠词。at an early age为固定短语，意为“从小开始，在早期”。故填an。
10．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的事实，为物。故填which。

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