资源简介

(共61张PPT)
LITERATURE
UNIT 8
Section Ⅲ
Lesson 2
内容索引
Part 1　听力变式训练
Part 2　语言知识梳理
训练3
听力变式训练
Listen to the poem “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” on P34 and fill in the blanks with the words you hear.
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
by Robert Frost(1874－1963)
Whose woods these are I think I 1. .
His house is in the village 2. ；
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with 3. .
Ⅰ.听力填空(精听训练)
know
though
snow
My little horse must think it 4.______
To stop without a farmhouse 5.______
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the 6. .
He gives his harness bells a 7._______
To ask if there is some 8. .
The only other sound’s the sweep
Of easy wind and downy 9. .
The woods are lovely，dark and 10. ，
queer
near
year
shake
mistake
flake
deep
But I have promises to keep，
And miles to go before I sleep，
And miles to go before I 11. .
sleep
Ⅱ.选择填空(高考形式)
Listen to the poem “The Daffodils” on P35 and choose the best answer.
1.How did the poet feel before he saw the daffodils
A.Happy.　　
B.Friendly.　
C.Lonely.
√
2.What wealth did the daffodils bring to the writer
A.Inner peace.
B.A memory.
C.Inspiration.
√
3.What is the poet’s mood in the poem
A.Positive. 　
B.Negative. 　
C.Upset.
√
返 回
语言知识梳理
adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的[freeze v.(froze，frozen)突然停止，呆住；结冰 freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的]
1
frozen
·be frozen to death冻死
·freezing cold极冷的
(1)It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and (freeze) fog hung in the air.
(2)Ants live nearly everywhere，except on (freeze) mountain tops and around the poles.
freezing
frozen
(3)(读后续写之动作、语言描写)父亲走进屋里，搓着手，跺着脚。他说：“外面极冷。我差点被冻死了。”
Father came into the house，rubbing his hands and stamping his feet.He said，“_______________________________________
.”
写作佳句
It is freezing cold outside.I am almost frozen to death
(4)(读后续写之神态描写)听到这个消息时，他的笑容凝固了，不可置信地摇着头。
When he heard the news， ，and he shook his head in disbelief.
his smile froze
n.一瞥，很快的一看 vi.一瞥，看一眼
2
glance
·take/give/have a glance at粗略地看一下
at first glance乍一看；乍看之下
at a (single) glance(只)看一眼；一眼；立刻
·glance at浏览，扫一眼
glance about/around环顾
(1)The journalist took glance at the newspaper headlines.
(2) first glance the problem seemed easy，but a second look made my mind go blank.
a
At
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)他一眼就能看出母亲的悲伤，然后走上前来，用一个拥抱来安慰她。
He and walked up to comfort her with a hug.
写作佳句
返 回
could read his mother’s sadness at a glance
训练3
1.The wind (卷走) the snow flake off the rooftop，sending it fluttering into the night sky.
2.The two boys agreed to decide the matter by (扔) a coin.
3.They always give the (空的) seats to whoever comes first.
4.Pulling the curtain aside，the man (挥动) his wife goodbye through the window of the train.
5.The poet was (漫步) in the valley，with flakes of snow falling on his head and shoulders.
6.Many and artists have drawn their inspiration from nature.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
swept
tossing
vacant
waved
wandering
poets
7.He briefly towards her but there was no sign of recognition.
8.He rubbed his hands in as he thought of all the money he would make.
9.Next morning you will find twenty-five hundred new， gold pieces.
10.Having worked for several hours，the physician stood up and _________
himself.
glanced
glee
sparkling
stretched
1.Only in this way can you work the problem.
2.He listened with an absent air and kept glancing the door.
3.She felt wave of panic，but forced herself to leave the room calmly.
4.Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen death in a few minutes.
5.There are some (vacant) in our company，and you are welcome to join.
6.People usually clean house too，because they want to sweep bad luck.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
out
at
a
to
vacancies
away
7.None of the three monks was willing to fetch water from the _________
(freeze) river.
8.It was the seventeenth century before Newton determined the ___________
(freeze) point of water.
9.The chemist has been working for 6 hours and the (continue) work makes him exhausted.
10.Evening came，and when Heidi wandered homewards，one ___________
(twinkle) star after another appeared in the sky.
frozen
freezing
continuous
twinkling
A
Despite his slim body of work，J.D.Salinger was one of the most influential American writers of the 20th century.His short stories，many of which appeared in The New Yorker，inspired the early careers of writers such as Phillip Roth，John Updike and Harold Brodkey.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国20世纪最有影响力的作家之一——J.D.Salinger的生平。
Born on January 1,1919，in New York，Salinger was a restless student，attending New York University，Ursinus College and Columbia University.While taking classes at the latter，he met Professor Whit Burnett，who was also the editor of Story magazine.Burnett，sensing Salinger’s talent as a writer，pushed him to create more often and soon Salinger’s works were appearing not just in Story，but in other big-name publications such as Collier’s and the Saturday Evening Post.
His career had started to take off，but then，like so many young American men around that time，World War Ⅱ interrupted his life. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor，Salinger was drafted into the army，serving from 1942 to 1944.During that time，however，Salinger kept writing for a new novel whose main character was a deeply unsatisfied young man named Holden Caulfield.
When Salinger returned to New York，he quickly set about resuming his life as a writer and soon found his work published in his favorite magazine，The New Yorker.
He also pushed on with the work on his novel about Holden Caulfield. Finally，in 1951，The Catcher in the Rye was published.The book earned its share of positive reviews，but some critics weren’t so kind.But over time the American reading public ate the book up and The Catcher in the Rye became an essential part of the academic literature course.To date，the book has sold more than 65 million copies.
In 1953，two years after the publication of The Catcher in the Rye，Salinger moved from New York City to Cornish，New Hampshire.There，Salinger did his best to cut off contact with the public and significantly slowed his literary output.He only published one new story，the 25,000-word Hapworth 16,1924，before his death on January 27,2010，in Cornish，New Hampshire.
1.Who had a great influence on J.D.Salinger
A.Phillip Roth. B.Whit Burnett.
C.John Updike. D.Harold Brodkey.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Burnett，sensing Salinger’s talent as a writer，pushed him to create more often and soon Salinger’s works were appearing not just...”可知，Whit Burnett对J.D.Salinger的影响很大。故选B。
解析
2.What does the underlined word “resuming” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Continuing. B.Saving.
C.Wasting. D.Risking.
√
词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词所在句中“soon found his work published in his favorite magazine，The New Yorker”可知，Salinger回到纽约后很快就继续他的作家生活并发表作品，故推知画线词意为“继续”，和continuing意思相近，故选A。
解析
3.What can be learned about The Catcher in the Rye from paragraph 5
A.It was published during World War Ⅱ.
B.It has sold less than 65 million copies.
C.It was well received by American readers.
D.It features an old man as the main character.
√
细节理解题。根据第五段中“But over time the American reading public ate the book up and The Catcher in the Rye became an essential part of the academic literature course.”可知，《麦田里的守望者》深受美国读者的喜爱。故选C。
解析
4.What do we know about J.D.Salinger
A.He stopped writing when he was in the army.
B.He wrote lots of short stories in his later years.
C.His literary output was very low in his later years.
D.He had moved to New York City just before he died.
√
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There，Salinger did his best to cut off contact with the public and significantly slowed his literary output.”可知，J.D.Salinger后期减缓了文学产出速度，即后来他的文学作品很少。故选C。
解析
B
I’m a layperson with a love of science who occasionally reads science magazines.My approach was from an author’s angle，spending months on research before writing a single word for Pig Heart Boy.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者从异种器官移植报道中获得灵感创作小说《猪心男孩》的故事。
So where did I get the idea？Whenever I attend a school event，that question is asked.The answer is simple.Back in the mid 1990s，I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation(异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors.It left my mind filled with questions.What are the consequences？Do we really have the right to treat animals as mere organ sources for humans？So I headed to my nearest bookshop and bought all the books I could on heart transplants in particular.
I’ve found questions are one of the best places to start from when writing a novel.In my story，Cameron，who needs a heart transplant，knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one，but he is a long way down the waiting list.When a genetically modified(GM) pig’s heart is offered by a pioneering doctor，Cameron decides to go for it—and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways.
Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children，criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation. I completely disagree.As a children’s author，it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children.I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers，a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron’s shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation.
Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM (science，technology，engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children’s reading and learning.Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children’s ability to grasp new concepts.Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable，thought-provoking(令人深思的) story.
5.Where did the author get the inspiration to write Pig Heart Boy
A.A school event.
B.A news item.
C.Science magazines.
D.Books on heart transplants.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“So where did I get the idea...I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation(异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors.”可知，作者写Pig Heart Boy的灵感来自一则新闻。故选B。
解析
6.What might be a major concern of those who disagree with Pig Heart Boy
A.Animal rights.
B.GM technology.
C.Organ transplant risks.
D.Organ shortage crisis.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children，criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation.”可知，有些人认为异种器官移植的题材不适合儿童，批评这种残忍且不人道的方式。由此可以推断出，反对这本书的人可能主要关心动物的权益，故选A。
解析
7.What are the last two paragraphs of the text mainly about
A.Ways of tapping children’s intelligence.
B.Potential application of fictional stories.
C.Supporting evidence for justifying the book.
D.Influence of fictional stories on STEM subjects.
√
段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中“As a children’s author，it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children.”以及最后一段中“Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children’s ability to grasp new concepts.Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable，thought-provoking(令人深思的) story.”可知，最后两段主要是支持这本书的证据。故选C。
解析
8.What kind of passage is Pig Heart Boy
A.An author profile.
B.A science fiction novel.
C.A guidebook to xenotransplantation.
D.An essay on writing children’s literature.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In my story，Cameron，who needs a heart transplant...changes his life in unexpected ways.”可推知，这本书主要讲述了需要心脏移植的主人公使用了猪的心脏，并因此改变了命运。故Pig Heart Boy是一部科幻小说。故选B。
解析
Over 30 years ago a book titled The Alchemist was published.It was 1 noticed.
Ⅳ.完形填空
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了30多年前，Paulo Coelho出版了一本名为《牧羊少年奇幻之旅》的书，几乎无人购买，但是他经过不懈努力，最终找到新的出版商，此书销量大增。
1.A.greatly B.barely
C.briefly D.partly
√
greatly极大地；barely几乎没有；briefly简要地，简短地；partly部分地。根据“only one person bought a copy”可知，这本书销量不好，故此处指它几乎没有被人注意，故选B。
解析
The author of this book was a man named Paulo Coelho，and he was told by the first bookseller that only one person bought a copy after it was 2 .
2.A.adapted B.read
C.written D.edited
√
adapt调整；read阅读；write写作；edit编辑。根据“only one person bought a copy after...”可知，此处指书被写完后只卖出去一本，故选C。
解析
As bad as it was to hear about the unpleasant results，Coelho remained 3 .
3.A.confident B.confused
C.frustrated D.cautious
√
confident有信心的；confused困惑的；frustrated沮丧的；cautious谨慎的。根据第二段的“with even more passion”并结合“As bad as it was to hear about the unpleasant results”表达的转折语气可知，虽然销量不好，但是Coelho仍然有信心，故选A。
解析
Paulo Coelho waited for 4 results to appear.
4.A.favorable B.final
C.direct D.fair
√
favorable有利的，更优的；final最后的；direct直接的；fair公平的。此处和上文“the unpleasant results”形成对比，指Paulo Coelho等待有利的结果出现，故选A。
解析
Unfortunately，six months passed 5 he sold his next copy.
5.A.after B.until
C.before D.unless
√
after在……以后；until直到；before在……以前；unless除非。结合前后句意可知，此处指“六个月过去了，他才卖出了下一本”，before在此处译为“过了(多长时间)才……”，故选C。
解析
After that first year the publisher decided the book was a 6 and ended Coelho’s contract.
6.A.shame B.hit
C.surprise D.failure
√
shame羞耻；hit很受欢迎的人或物；surprise惊讶；failure失败。根据上文语境以及空后“ended Coelho’s contract”可知，这本书销量不好，出版商认为它很失败，所以终止了Coelho的合同，故选D。
解析
Fortunately，Coelho made up his mind to not 7 ，and so he made efforts to pursue his vision with even more passion by finding another 8 .
7.A.break away B.give in
C.set out D.slow down
8.A.consumer B.partner
C.bookseller D.colleague
√
√
7.break away脱离，摆脱；give in屈服，认输；set out动身，出发；slow down减缓。根据“and so he made efforts to pursue his vision with even more passion”可知，Coelho下定决心不认输，故选B。
8.consumer消费者；partner同伴；bookseller书商；colleague同事。根据语境及下文“Coelho found a new publisher”可知，Coelho应是寻找出版商卖书，故选C。
解析
Now，Coelho found a new publisher，but it was no 9 task，as he encountered rejection after rejection.
9.A.easy B.vital
C.urgent D.complex
√
easy容易的；vital重要的；urgent紧急的；complex复杂的。根据“as he encountered rejection after rejection”可知，Coelho遭到了一次又一次的拒绝，故找到一家出版商并不容易，故选A。
解析
But，after many repeated rejections，he finally 10 that new publisher，and with it，another opportunity to 11 his dream.
10.A.recognized B.touched
C.announced D.landed
11.A.create B.fulfil
C.cherish D.abandon
√
√
10.recognize认识到；touch触摸；announce宣布；land成功得到，赢得。结合语境以及“and with it，another opportunity to his dream”可知，他最终找到了一家新出版商，故选D。
11.create创造；fulfil实现；cherish珍惜；abandon遗弃。根据语境以及空后的“his dream”可知，有了出版商，他就有了实现梦想的机会，故选B。
解析
12 ，he only sold three thousand books.But as time went by，he would sell ten thousand，and then 100 thousand，and so on and so forth.
12.A.Initially B.Unluckily
C.Actually D.Awkwardly
√
initially开始，起初；unluckily不幸地；actually实际上；awkwardly笨拙地，局促不安地。根据下文“But as time went by”可知，此处应是按时间先后展开，本空指“起初”，故选A。
解析
Coelho’s 13 has yet to run out，as his book sales continue to grow year over year，with now over 150 million and counting copies of The Alchemist having been sold.
13.A.money B.wisdom
C.time D.luck
√
money钱；wisdom智慧；time时间；luck运气。根据“as his books sales continue to grow year over year，with now over 150 million”可知，销售量持续上升，故此处指他的好运还没到头，依然在继续。故选D。
解析
Even more 14 is the fact that he sold over 320 million books when including all of his other following works.
14.A.doubtful B.amazing
C.engaging D.pleasant
√
doubtful怀疑的；amazing令人惊叹的；engaging有趣的，迷人的；pleasant令人愉快的。Even表示递进关系，结合下文“he sold over 320 million books”可知，他的书销量超过了3.2亿本，这令人惊叹，故选B。
解析
But，it all started with that 15 book!
15.A.last B.former
C.first D.latest
√
last最后的；former前者的；first第一的；latest最新的。结合语境及第一段中“only one person bought a copy”可知，一开始他的书只卖出去一本，现在大获成功，这都是从那第一本书开始的，故选C。
解析
返 回
本课结束Section Ⅲ　Lesson 2
Ⅰ.听力填空(精听训练)
Listen to the poem “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” on P34 and fill in the blanks with the words you hear.
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
by Robert Frost(1874－1963)
Whose woods these are I think I 1.know.
His house is in the village 2.though；
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with 3.snow.
My little horse must think it 4.queer
To stop without a farmhouse 5.near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the 6.year.
He gives his harness bells a 7.shake
To ask if there is some 8.mistake.
The only other sound’s the sweep
Of easy wind and downy 9.flake.
The woods are lovely，dark and 10.deep，
But I have promises to keep，
And miles to go before I sleep，
And miles to go before I 11.sleep.
Ⅱ.选择填空(高考形式)
Listen to the poem “The Daffodils” on P35 and choose the best answer.
1．How did the poet feel before he saw the daffodils
A．Happy.　　B．Friendly.　 C．Lonely.
答案　C
2．What wealth did the daffodils bring to the writer
A．Inner peace. B．A memory.
C．Inspiration.
答案　B
3．What is the poet’s mood in the poem
A．Positive. 　B．Negative. 　C．Upset.
答案　A
frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的[freeze v．(froze，frozen)突然停止，呆住；结冰 freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的]
·be frozen to death冻死
·freezing cold极冷的
(1)It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and freezing(freeze) fog hung in the air.
(2)Ants live nearly everywhere，except on frozen(freeze) mountain tops and around the poles.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之动作、语言描写)父亲走进屋里，搓着手，跺着脚。他说：“外面极冷。我差点被冻死了。”
Father came into the house，rubbing his hands and stamping his feet.He said，“It is freezing cold outside.I am almost frozen to death.”
(4)(读后续写之神态描写)听到这个消息时，他的笑容凝固了，不可置信地摇着头。
When he heard the news，his smile froze，and he shook his head in disbelief.
glance n．一瞥，很快的一看 vi.一瞥，看一眼
·take/give/have a glance at粗略地看一下
at first glance乍一看；乍看之下
at a (single) glance(只)看一眼；一眼；立刻
·glance at浏览，扫一眼
glance about/around环顾
(1)The journalist took a glance at the newspaper headlines.
(2)At first glance the problem seemed easy，but a second look made my mind go blank.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)他一眼就能看出母亲的悲伤，然后走上前来，用一个拥抱来安慰她。
He could read his mother’s sadness at a glance and walked up to comfort her with a hug.
训练3　Lesson 2
[分值：60分]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．The wind swept(卷走) the snow flake off the rooftop，sending it fluttering into the night sky.
2．The two boys agreed to decide the matter by tossing(扔) a coin.
3．They always give the vacant(空的) seats to whoever comes first.
4．Pulling the curtain aside，the man waved(挥动) his wife goodbye through the window of the train.
5．The poet was wandering(漫步) in the valley，with flakes of snow falling on his head and shoulders.
6．Many poets and artists have drawn their inspiration from nature.
7．He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of recognition.
8．He rubbed his hands in glee as he thought of all the money he would make.
9．Next morning you will find twenty-five hundred new，sparkling gold pieces.
10．Having worked for several hours，the physician stood up and stretched himself.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．Only in this way can you work out the problem.
2．He listened with an absent air and kept glancing at the door.
3．She felt a wave of panic，but forced herself to leave the room calmly.
4．Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.
5．There are some vacancies(vacant) in our company，and you are welcome to join.
6．People usually clean house too，because they want to sweep away bad luck.
7．None of the three monks was willing to fetch water from the frozen(freeze) river.
8．It was the seventeenth century before Newton determined the freezing(freeze) point of water.
9．The chemist has been working for 6 hours and the continuous(continue) work makes him exhausted.
10．Evening came，and when Heidi wandered homewards，one twinkling(twinkle) star after another appeared in the sky.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Despite his slim body of work，J.D.Salinger was one of the most influential American writers of the 20th century.His short stories，many of which appeared in The New Yorker，inspired the early careers of writers such as Phillip Roth，John Updike and Harold Brodkey.
Born on January 1,1919，in New York，Salinger was a restless student，attending New York University，Ursinus College and Columbia University.While taking classes at the latter，he met Professor Whit Burnett，who was also the editor of Story magazine.Burnett，sensing Salinger’s talent as a writer，pushed him to create more often and soon Salinger’s works were appearing not just in Story，but in other big-name publications such as Collier’s and the Saturday Evening Post.
His career had started to take off，but then，like so many young American men around that time，World War Ⅱ interrupted his life.Following the attack on Pearl Harbor，Salinger was drafted into the army，serving from 1942 to 1944.During that time，however，Salinger kept writing for a new novel whose main character was a deeply unsatisfied young man named Holden Caulfield.
When Salinger returned to New York，he quickly set about resuming his life as a writer and soon found his work published in his favorite magazine，The New Yorker.
He also pushed on with the work on his novel about Holden Caulfield.Finally，in 1951，The Catcher in the Rye was published.The book earned its share of positive reviews，but some critics weren’t so kind.But over time the American reading public ate the book up and The Catcher in the Rye became an essential part of the academic literature course.To date，the book has sold more than 65 million copies.
In 1953，two years after the publication of The Catcher in the Rye，Salinger moved from New York City to Cornish，New Hampshire.There，Salinger did his best to cut off contact with the public and significantly slowed his literary output.He only published one new story，the 25,000-word Hapworth 16,1924，before his death on January 27,2010，in Cornish，New Hampshire.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国20世纪最有影响力的作家之一——J.D.Salinger的生平。
1．Who had a great influence on J．D.Salinger
A．Phillip Roth. B．Whit Burnett.
C．John Updike. D．Harold Brodkey.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Burnett，sensing Salinger’s talent as a writer，pushed him to create more often and soon Salinger’s works were appearing not just...”可知，Whit Burnett对J.D.Salinger的影响很大。故选B。
2．What does the underlined word “resuming” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Continuing. B．Saving.
C．Wasting. D．Risking.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词所在句中“soon found his work published in his favorite magazine，The New Yorker”可知，Salinger回到纽约后很快就继续他的作家生活并发表作品，故推知画线词意为“继续”，和continuing意思相近，故选A。
3．What can be learned about The Catcher in the Rye from paragraph 5
A．It was published during World War Ⅱ.
B．It has sold less than 65 million copies.
C．It was well received by American readers.
D．It features an old man as the main character.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中“But over time the American reading public ate the book up and The Catcher in the Rye became an essential part of the academic literature course.”可知，《麦田里的守望者》深受美国读者的喜爱。故选C。
4．What do we know about J．D.Salinger
A．He stopped writing when he was in the army.
B．He wrote lots of short stories in his later years.
C．His literary output was very low in his later years.
D．He had moved to New York City just before he died.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There，Salinger did his best to cut off contact with the public and significantly slowed his literary output.”可知，J.D.Salinger后期减缓了文学产出速度，即后来他的文学作品很少。故选C。
B
I’m a layperson with a love of science who occasionally reads science magazines.My approach was from an author’s angle，spending months on research before writing a single word for Pig Heart Boy.
So where did I get the idea？Whenever I attend a school event，that question is asked.The answer is simple.Back in the mid 1990s，I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation(异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors.It left my mind filled with questions.What are the consequences？Do we really have the right to treat animals as mere organ sources for humans？So I headed to my nearest bookshop and bought all the books I could on heart transplants in particular.
I’ve found questions are one of the best places to start from when writing a novel.In my story，Cameron，who needs a heart transplant，knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one，but he is a long way down the waiting list.When a genetically modified(GM) pig’s heart is offered by a pioneering doctor，Cameron decides to go for it—and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways.
Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children，criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation.I completely disagree.As a children’s author，it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children.I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers，a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron’s shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation.
Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM(science，technology，engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children’s reading and learning.Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children’s ability to grasp new concepts.Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable，thought-provoking(令人深思的) story.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者从异种器官移植报道中获得灵感创作小说《猪心男孩》的故事。
5．Where did the author get the inspiration to write Pig Heart Boy
A．A school event.
B．A news item.
C．Science magazines.
D．Books on heart transplants.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“So where did I get the idea...I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation(异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors.”可知，作者写Pig Heart Boy的灵感来自一则新闻。故选B。
6．What might be a major concern of those who disagree with Pig Heart Boy
A．Animal rights.
B．GM technology.
C．Organ transplant risks.
D．Organ shortage crisis.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children，criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation.”可知，有些人认为异种器官移植的题材不适合儿童，批评这种残忍且不人道的方式。由此可以推断出，反对这本书的人可能主要关心动物的权益，故选A。
7．What are the last two paragraphs of the text mainly about
A．Ways of tapping children’s intelligence.
B．Potential application of fictional stories.
C．Supporting evidence for justifying the book.
D．Influence of fictional stories on STEM subjects.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中“As a children’s author，it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children.”以及最后一段中“Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children’s ability to grasp new concepts.Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable，thought-provoking(令人深思的) story.”可知，最后两段主要是支持这本书的证据。故选C。
8．What kind of passage is Pig Heart Boy
A．An author profile.
B．A science fiction novel.
C．A guidebook to xenotransplantation.
D．An essay on writing children’s literature.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“In my story，Cameron，who needs a heart transplant...changes his life in unexpected ways.”可推知，这本书主要讲述了需要心脏移植的主人公使用了猪的心脏，并因此改变了命运。故Pig Heart Boy是一部科幻小说。故选B。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Over 30 years ago a book titled The Alchemist was published.It was 1 noticed.The author of this book was a man named Paulo Coelho，and he was told by the first bookseller that only one person bought a copy after it was 2 .As bad as it was to hear about the unpleasant results，Coelho remained 3 .
Paulo Coelho waited for 4 results to appear.Unfortunately，six months passed 5 he sold his next copy.After that first year the publisher decided the book was a 6 and ended Coelho’s contract.Fortunately，Coelho made up his mind to not 7 ，and so he made efforts to pursue his vision with even more passion by finding another 8 .
Now，Coelho found a new publisher，but it was no 9 task，as he encountered rejection after rejection.But，after many repeated rejections，he finally 10 that new publisher，and with it，another opportunity to 11 his dream.
12 ，he only sold three thousand books.But as time went by，he would sell ten thousand，and then 100 thousand，and so on and so forth.
Coelho’s 13 has yet to run out，as his book sales continue to grow year over year，with now over 150 million and counting copies of The Alchemist having been sold.Even more 14 is the fact that he sold over 320 million books when including all of his other following works.But，it all started with that 15 book!
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了30多年前，Paulo Coelho出版了一本名为《牧羊少年奇幻之旅》的书，几乎无人购买，但是他经过不懈努力，最终找到新的出版商，此书销量大增。
1．A.greatly B．barely
C．briefly D．partly
答案　B
解析　greatly极大地；barely几乎没有；briefly简要地，简短地；partly部分地。根据“only one person bought a copy”可知，这本书销量不好，故此处指它几乎没有被人注意，故选B。
2．A.adapted B．read
C．written D．edited
答案　C
解析　adapt调整；read阅读；write写作；edit编辑。根据“only one person bought a copy after...”可知，此处指书被写完后只卖出去一本，故选C。
3．A.confident B．confused
C．frustrated D．cautious
答案　A
解析　confident有信心的；confused困惑的；frustrated沮丧的；cautious谨慎的。根据第二段的“with even more passion”并结合“As bad as it was to hear about the unpleasant results”表达的转折语气可知，虽然销量不好，但是Coelho仍然有信心，故选A。
4．A.favorable B．final
C．direct D．fair
答案　A
解析　favorable有利的，更优的；final最后的；direct直接的；fair公平的。此处和上文“the unpleasant results”形成对比，指Paulo Coelho等待有利的结果出现，故选A。
5．A.after B．until
C．before D．unless
答案　C
解析　after在……以后；until直到；before在……以前；unless除非。结合前后句意可知，此处指“六个月过去了，他才卖出了下一本”，before在此处译为“过了(多长时间)才……”，故选C。
6．A.shame B．hit
C．surprise D．failure
答案　D
解析　shame羞耻；hit很受欢迎的人或物；surprise惊讶；failure失败。根据上文语境以及空后“ended Coelho’s contract”可知，这本书销量不好，出版商认为它很失败，所以终止了Coelho的合同，故选D。
7．A.break away B．give in
C．set out D．slow down
答案　B
解析　break away脱离，摆脱；give in屈服，认输；set out动身，出发；slow down减缓。根据“and so he made efforts to pursue his vision with even more passion”可知，Coelho下定决心不认输，故选B。
8．A.consumer B．partner
C．bookseller D．colleague
答案　C
解析　consumer消费者；partner同伴；bookseller书商；colleague同事。根据语境及下文“Coelho found a new publisher”可知，Coelho应是寻找出版商卖书，故选C。
9．A.easy B．vital
C．urgent D．complex
答案　A
解析　easy容易的；vital重要的；urgent紧急的；complex复杂的。根据“as he encountered rejection after rejection”可知，Coelho遭到了一次又一次的拒绝，故找到一家出版商并不容易，故选A。
10．A.recognized B．touched
C．announced D．landed
答案　D
解析　recognize认识到；touch触摸；announce宣布；land成功得到，赢得。结合语境以及“and with it，another opportunity to his dream”可知，他最终找到了一家新出版商，故选D。
11．A.create B．fulfil
C．cherish D．abandon
答案　B
解析　create创造；fulfil实现；cherish珍惜；abandon遗弃。根据语境以及空后的“his dream”可知，有了出版商，他就有了实现梦想的机会，故选B。
12．A.Initially B．Unluckily
C．Actually D．Awkwardly
答案　A
解析　initially开始，起初；unluckily不幸地；actually实际上；awkwardly笨拙地，局促不安地。根据下文“But as time went by”可知，此处应是按时间先后展开，本空指“起初”，故选A。
13．A.money B．wisdom
C．time D．luck
答案　D
解析　money钱；wisdom智慧；time时间；luck运气。根据“as his books sales continue to grow year over year，with now over 150 million”可知，销售量持续上升，故此处指他的好运还没到头，依然在继续。故选D。
14．A.doubtful B．amazing
C．engaging D．pleasant
答案　B
解析　doubtful怀疑的；amazing令人惊叹的；engaging有趣的，迷人的；pleasant令人愉快的。Even表示递进关系，结合下文“he sold over 320 million books”可知，他的书销量超过了3.2亿本，这令人惊叹，故选B。
15．A.last B．former
C．first D．latest
答案　C
解析　last最后的；former前者的；first第一的；latest最新的。结合语境及第一段中“only one person bought a copy”可知，一开始他的书只卖出去一本，现在大获成功，这都是从那第一本书开始的，故选C。

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