资源简介

(共75张PPT)
LITERATURE
UNIT 8
Section Ⅳ
Lesson 3
内容索引
Part 1　课文深度理解
Part 2　长句难句分析
训练4
Part 3　语言知识梳理
课文深度理解
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A.“I” was taken onto a strange boat.
B.“I” explored the underwater boat.
C.“I” fell into the sea with Conseil and Ned.
D.“I” went through a series of adventures in the sea at night.
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
fell from
the boat
drawn up to the surface
of the sea
grabbed Conseil’s arm
terribly
tired
sank into the ocean
hit a hard object
to the top of the object
a human construction
inside the boat
passed
appeared
uttered
an odd cry
disappeared immediately
eight men appeared
drew them into the machine
1.What made them fall into the sea
A.A whirlpool.
B.The violent wind.
C.Their carelessness.
D.A crash.
√
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
2.Why was Conseil in the sea
A.He was thrown into the sea when the boat crashed.
B.He jumped into the sea to save “me”.
C.He wanted to see the strange animal closely.
D.He liked struggling with waves.
√
3.What kind of person is Conseil
A.Brave and loyal.
B.Romantic and kind.
C.Honest and handsome.
D.Adventurous and determined.
√
4.Where do you think the continuation of the story happened
A.Inside the machine.
B.Under the sea.
C.On metal plates.
D.Inside a whale.
√
The crash was so violent 1. I fell from the boat.I was sinking！I couldn’t breathe！Suddenly I grabbed my 2. (faith) Conseil’s arm with one hand.“Help！Help！” cried Conseil.
A human voice responded to ours！I became colder and colder.With my mouth 3. (fill) with salt water，I raised my head for the last time and then I sank.At this moment I 4. (strike) by a hard body that I held onto.And I was drawn up to the surface of the water，unconscious.When I woke up，I saw Ned’s face.Ned was able to find
5. (safe) on the large whale made of steel,
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
that
faithful
filled
was struck
safety
6. black back was smooth，polished.This monster was a human construction.7. (lie) upon the back of a sort of underwater boat，I searched all over the outside 8. an opening，a hole，but found nothing. At last this long night passed.Daybreak appeared.Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat.
One iron plate was moved，a man appeared，uttered 9. odd cry，and disappeared 10. (immediate).Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine.
返 回
whose
Lying
for
an
immediately
长句难句分析
1.The crash was so violent that I have no clear (recollect) of falling the boat.(P36，Lines 1－3)
结构分析：此句是 句。其中so...that...引导 从句。
recollection
from
复合
结果状语
汉语翻译： ____________________________________________________
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
2. (sudden) I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface the sea；and I heard these words...(P36，Lines 12－14)
结构分析：此句是and连接的 句。前一个分句中含有feel的复合结构，drawn up...表示与宾语myself之间是 关系。
Suddenly
of
并列
动宾
汉语翻译： ____________________________________________________
突然我感觉自己被快速地拉出水面，我听见有人说……
3....then I felt that I was being drawn up，that I was brought to the surface of the water，that my chest collapsed—my eyes (close)，unconscious. (P37，Lines 34－37)
结构分析：此句是 句。I felt 是主句，后面是三个由that 引导的并列 从句。
closed
复合
汉语翻译： ____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
……接着，我觉得有人往上拉我，把我拉出了水面，我的胸部不胀了——眼睛紧闭，失去了知觉。
宾语
返 回
4.Some (moment) after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared (noiseless)，and drew us down into their incredible machine.(P37，Lines 53－55)
结构分析：此句是 句。主语是 ，谓语动词是
和 ；their faces covered 是独立主格结构作 ，covered和其逻辑主语their faces为 关系。
moments
noiselessly
简单
eight strong men
汉语翻译： ____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
appeared
drew
状语
被动
语言知识梳理
n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切(desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的；渴望的desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地)
1
desperation
·in desperation不顾一切地；绝望地
·be desperate for sth非常需要某物
be desperate to do sth极想做某事
in desperate need of急需……
(1)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.I ran (desperate) but failed to catch up.
desperately
(2)随着戏剧比赛的临近，我非常渴望得到你的专业指导。
①With the drama contest approaching，___________________
.
②With the drama contest approaching，___________________
.
③With the drama contest approaching，___________________
.
写作佳句
I am in desperate need of your specialized guidance
I am desperate for your specialized guidance
I am desperate to get your specialized guidance
(3)(读后续写之绝望心理描写)我绝望地摇摇晃晃地走出讲堂，我的腿好像沉重得像铅一样。
I staggered out of the lecture hall and it seemed as if my legs were as heavy as lead.
in desperation/desperately
n.轻易，毫不费劲 vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)(easy adj.容易的；舒适的easily adv.容易地；不费力地)
2
ease
·with ease＝easily容易地；不费力地
feel at ease感到舒适自在
put/set sb at ease使某人放松/自在
·ease sb of...使某人消除/减轻……
(1)I finished the 800-meter race breathlessly while Tom covered that distance ease.
with
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)站在舞台上，有这么多的眼睛盯着我，我感到不自在。
Standing on the stage，I with so many eyes staring at me.
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)我真希望这个建议能减轻你的焦虑。
I do hope the advice .
写作佳句
didn’t feel at ease
can ease you of your anxiety
vt.& vi.(struck，struck) 打；撞击；突然发生不幸；突然想到；打动 n.罢工；打击
3
strike
·strike...into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心；使……感到……
strike sb on/in＋the＋身体部位 敲打某人的身体部位
It strikes/struck sb that...某人突然想起……
be struck by被……侵袭；被……打动
·be on strike在罢工
go on strike举行罢工
(1)He tossed a paper ball at me，which struck me the head and bounced off.
on
(2)图书管理员突然想到她可能把那本诗集放在另一个书架上了。
she might have put the poetry on another shelf.
(3)他们队的失利让他很伤心。
The failure of their team .
写作佳句
It struck the librarian that
struck sadness into his heart
4
though引导的让步状语从句的倒装
...and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.(P37，Lines 48－49)
……虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎就像用铁板做成的。
结构分析：句中though引导让步状语从句，从句的表语incredible提到了句首，构成部分倒装。
在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形往往提前到句首，构成部分倒装。
注意：如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，名词前不加冠词。
(1) (虽然我非常崇拜她)，I cannot excuse her faults.
Much though/as I admire her
(2)虽然伯纳德只是个孩子，但他还是尽了自己的一份力来维持这个贫穷的家庭。
，Bernard did his part to support the poor family.
(3)虽然我们筋疲力尽，但我们感到非常高兴和自豪，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
，we felt very jocund and proud，with our eyes twinkling with great glee.
写作佳句
Child as/though he was
Exhausted as/though we were
(4)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)尽管我尽力了，但我失败了，一阵绝望席卷了我的全身。
，I failed and a wave of desperation swept across me.
返 回
Try as/though I might
训练4
1.Hearing his son had adjusted to school life，the father finally felt _____
ease.
2.Hearing that all his workers were strike，the employer felt desperate.
3.He was (conscious) and as I looked at his face，something struck me.
4.The studio is still under (construct) and won’t open until mid-March.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
at
on
unconscious
construction
5. strikes me that I forgot to hand in my homework，which makes me very anxious.
6.In (desperate)，I got hold of something like a vine，which prevented me from falling down.
7.With the help of the Internet，we can obtain many learning materials
ease.
8.High his salary was，he was quite thrifty and only spent money on necessities.
It
desperation
with
though/as
9.The young man is desperate (get) a master’s degree in order to get promoted in the company.
10.He was nervous that he walked up and down restlessly，with his hands trembling without control.
to get
so
(关于申请成为学校接待外宾的志愿者)
1.我长期以来一直渴望成为一名志愿者。(long to do...)
for a long time.
2.我说英语很流利，所以我可以自由地和外国人交流。(so...that...)
I speak English foreigners freely.
3.虽然我没有经验，但我愿意向其他志愿者学习，并认真对待工作。(though引导的状语从句的倒装)
，I’m willing to learn from other volunteers and treat the work seriously.
Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)
I have been longing to be a volunteer
so fluently that I can communicate with
Inexperienced though I am
4.你能好心考虑一下我的申请吗？(so...as to...)
_______________________________________________________________
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Will you be so kind as to consider my application
Hearing that foreign guests will come to our school，I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer to welcome them.
To begin with，I have been longing to be a volunteer for a long time. Secondly，I speak English so fluently that I can communicate with foreigners freely.Thirdly，inexperienced though I am，I’m willing to learn from other volunteers and treat the work seriously.Last but not least，I get along well with others.I haven’t conflicted with teachers，nor have I quarreled with my classmates.
Will you be so kind as to consider my application
参考范文
A
Cartoons suit the way we like information to be presented these days：vividly and in small amounts.We are used to cartoons and comic series that take a biting look at modern life or provide a bit of escapism.But recently we have seen an increase in the number of comic books：book-length comics with a single，continuous narrative.Historically，comic books were not popular outside France，Belgium，Japan，and the US.The exception is the worldwide popularity of a young reporter-detective from Belgium，Tintin.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了比利时漫画《丁丁历险记》的作者Herge以其精湛的绘画技艺和详实的研究著称，带领读者探索世界各地及太空，展现非凡想象力与预见性。
The creation of the Belgian cartoonist Herge，The Adventures of Tintin first appeared in a Belgian newspaper in 1929.Each story appeared as a cartoon series week by week，but soon after was republished in book form.One of the main attractions for readers was that they were taken to parts of the world they had never seen and probably never would：Russia，Congo，America.Herge himself only traveled outside Belgium later in life，but his passion was educating his readers about other cultures and places.
Two things set Herge apart as a comic novelist.The first was his technical drawing skills：with just a few simple lines he could communicate a particular facial expression or movement.The second was the careful research he put into his stories.In The Crab with the Golden Claws，Tintin follows an opium-smuggling(鸦片走私) ring to North Africa；in King Ottokar’s Scepter，he stops an attempt at a military coup(政变) in a central European country.While telling these stories，Herge also made a fine balance between serious topics and humor.
Tintin had more than his fair share of adventures，but perhaps the greatest is his journey to the Moon，told in Destination Moon and Explorers on the Moon.Written in 1953，sixteen years before the first Moon landing，the stories show a remarkable eye for technical detail and feeling for the nature of space travel.In the early 1950s，few could imagine what it was like to be looking down at our planet from outer space.And that is Herge’s true gift：to understand what a place was like without ever having been there.
1.What can be learned about comic books from the passage
A.They mostly involve detective stories.
B.They present information in small amounts.
C.They are taking a positive look at modern life.
D.They were popular outside Belgium historically.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cartoons suit the way we like information to be presented these days：vividly and in small amounts.”可知，漫画生动而少量地呈现信息。故选B。
解析
2.Which of the following was an attraction of The Adventures of Tintin for readers
A.The stories were the first comic novel published in book form.
B.The stories used to be cartoon series that appeared week by week.
C.The stories had a good balance between humorous topics and reality.
D.The stories enabled them to learn about places they had never been to.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“One of the main attractions for readers was that they were taken to parts of the world they had never seen and probably never would：Russia，Congo，America.”可知，《丁丁历险记》的故事让读者了解自己从未去过的地方，这是其吸引读者的地方。故选D。
解析
3.Why are The Crab with the Golden Claws and King Ottokar’s Scepter taken for examples
A.To show Herge had a good sense of humor.
B.To show Herge liked touching on serious topics.
C.To illustrate Herge based stories on research results.
D.To illustrate Herge was expert at technical drawing skills.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The second was the careful research he put into his stories.”可知，作者以《金钳螃蟹贩毒集团》和《奥托卡王的权杖》为例，是为了说明Herge的故事是基于详细的调查写的。故选C。
解析
4.Which of the following can best describe Herge according to the passage
A.Creative. B.Devoted.
C.Serious. D.Humorous.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Written in 1953...And that is Herge’s true gift：to understand what a place was like without ever having been there.”可知，Herge具有领先于时代的想象力，能够描写未曾见过的事物，由此可推知，Herge是有创造力的。故选A。
解析
B
Writing poetry can seem frightening.However，with the right inspiration(灵感) and approach，you can write a poem that you can be proud to share with others in class or with your friends.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些写诗歌的方法：从周围环境中获取灵感、聚焦特定的主题以及选择合适的诗歌体裁。
A poem might start as a piece of a verse，a line or two that seems to come out of no-where，or an image you cannot get out of your head.You can find inspiration for your poem by doing writing exercises and using the world around you.Once you have inspiration，you can then shape your thoughts into a poem.
You may also be inspired by going for a walk in your neighborhood or to your favorite spot in the city.You may observe people on a park bench or in a public square and use moments from your observations as the inspiration for a poem.You could try writing a poem about a person who is important to you in your life，such as your mother or your best friend.You could use the person as inspiration for your poem.
You can start your poem by focusing on a specific(特定的) theme or idea that you find attractive or interesting.Picking a specific theme or idea to focus on in the poem can give your poem a clear goal or point.This can make it easier for you to limit what images and descriptions you are going to use in your poem.For example，you may decide to write a poem around the theme of “love and friendship”.You may then think about specific moments in your life when you experienced love and friendship as well as how you would characterize love and friendship based on your relationships with others.
There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use，such as free verse，or a form that you find more challenging，such as sonnet.Choose one poetic form and stick to that structures so your poem feels cohesive(连贯的) to your readers.
5.What do paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 stress when it comes to poem writing
A.Looking for inspiration around us.
B.Having a gift for poem writing.
C.Knowing the structures of poems.
D.Being supported by people around us.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“You can find inspiration for your poem by doing writing exercises and using the world around you.”可知，第二段强调通过练习和利用周围的世界寻找灵感；根据第三段中“You may also be inspired by going for a walk in your neighborhood or to your favorite spot in the city.”可知，第三段同样强调了写诗时可以通过周围的环境获取灵感。由此可知，这两段在提及写诗时，都在强调通过周围环境寻找灵感。故选A项。
解析
6.What does the example of writing a poem around the theme of “love and friendship” show
A.Inspiration is everywhere around us.
B.We can be encouraged by love and friendship.
C.Picking a specific theme or idea is important.
D.We should write about things we’re familiar with.
√
推理判断题。通过阅读第四段内容并分析前后语境可知，该处的举例应是为了证明上文“Picking a specific theme...can make it easier for you to limit what images and descriptions you are going to use in your poem.”，因此可推知，以“爱与友谊”为主题写诗的例子应是为了证明选择一个特定主题或想法的重要性。故选C项。
解析
7.Who would most probably try writing a sonnet
A.Someone who wants his/her poems cohesive.
B.Someone who wants to try a difficult form of poetry.
C.Someone who tries to write a poem the first time.
D.Someone who dislikes the structure of poems.
√
细节理解题。根据文章尾段中“or a form that you find more challenging，such as sonnet”可知，想要体验更难的诗歌体裁的人会尝试写十四行诗。故选B项。
解析
8.What does this passage mainly talk about
A.Some forms of poems.
B.Some tips to write poems.
C.The author’s experience of writing poems.
D.Some tips to overcome the fear of writing poems.
√
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段提出了文章的核心话题“写诗需要正确的灵感和方法”，并在后文段落详细介绍了如何获取灵感、确定主题和选择体裁。由此可知，文章主要介绍了写诗歌的技巧。故选B项。
解析
Poetry，with its rhythmic language and layered meanings，invites readers to explore emotions，ideas，and beauty beyond the literal.To fully engage with a poem，consider these methods to deepen your appreciation and understanding.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何深入欣赏和理解诗歌的方法，包括大声朗读感受节奏和声音、了解诗歌的背景、接受诗歌的模糊性、将诗歌与个人生活联系起来等。
Ⅳ.七选五
A.Poems are meant to be heard.
B.Learn the background of the poem.
C.Compare poems by different authors.
D.Poetry is alive when it speaks to you.
E.Practice memorizing your favorite lines.
F.If a line feels puzzling，write down your guesses.
G.Grab a poem，read it aloud，and let yourself enjoy the magic of it.
√
Read aloud for rhythm and sound.
1 Read the poem aloud slowly.Notice the rhythm，rhymes，or repeating sounds.For example，Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven uses a tense beat，while Langston Hughes’ Dreams has a gentle flow.Do they sound cheerful，sad，or urgent？The “music” of a poem often mirrors its mood.
根据下文“Read the poem aloud slowly.Notice the rhythm，rhymes，...”可知，下文内容围绕大声朗读诗歌展开。选项A“诗歌就是用来被聆听的。”强调了诗歌需要被听到，与大声朗读相呼应，符合语境。故选A。
解析
A.Poems are meant to be heard.
B.Learn the background of the poem.
C.Compare poems by different authors.
D.Poetry is alive when it speaks to you.
E.Practice memorizing your favorite lines.
F.If a line feels puzzling，write down your guesses.
G.Grab a poem，read it aloud，and let yourself enjoy the magic of it.
√
　2　
Understanding a poem’s historical，cultural，or biographical context enriches interpretation.It will help you a lot to find out when the poem was written or what the poet’s life was like.But don’t stress—even a quick online search can add meaning.
空处为小标题。为本段主旨句。根据下文可知，本段主要讲的是了解诗歌的背景知识。选项B“了解诗歌的背景”符合本段主旨，与本段内容相符。故选B。
解析
A.Poems are meant to be heard.
B.Learn the background of the poem.
C.Compare poems by different authors.
D.Poetry is alive when it speaks to you.
E.Practice memorizing your favorite lines.
F.If a line feels puzzling，write down your guesses.
G.Grab a poem，read it aloud，and let yourself enjoy the magic of it.
√
Accept confusion.
Poems don’t always have one right explanation. 3 Maybe Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 is both a love poem and a joke about clichés(陈词滥调).Discuss with classmates—different views make poems more interesting！Let uncertainty spark curiosity.
根据上文“Poems don’t always have one right explanation.(诗歌并不总是只有一个正确的解释。)”以及下文“Maybe Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 is both...”可知，上下文都在说诗歌理解的不确定性。选项F“如果一行诗让你感到困惑，写下你的猜测。”与接受困惑以及诗歌解释的不确定性相契合，与下文与同学讨论呼应，符合语境。故选F。
解析
A.Poems are meant to be heard.
B.Learn the background of the poem.
C.Compare poems by different authors.
D.Poetry is alive when it speaks to you.
E.Practice memorizing your favorite lines.
F.If a line feels puzzling，write down your guesses.
G.Grab a poem，read it aloud，and let yourself enjoy the magic of it.
√
Connect the poem to your life.
Let your emotions guide your understanding.If a line reminds you of a personal experience，write down your thoughts or share them with a friend. 4 Poetry isn’t just about analysis—it’s about feeling and imagination.
根据上文“Let your emotions...or share them with a friend.(让你的情感引导你的理解。如果一行诗让你想起一段个人经历，写下你的想法，或者和朋友分享一下。)”可知，上文强调了诗歌与个人的联系。选项D“当诗歌与你产生共鸣时，它就是有生命力的。”进一步说明了诗歌与个人的关联，符合语境。故选D。
解析
A.Poems are meant to be heard.
B.Learn the background of the poem.
C.Compare poems by different authors.
D.Poetry is alive when it speaks to you.
E.Practice memorizing your favorite lines.
F.If a line feels puzzling，write down your guesses.
G.Grab a poem，read it aloud，and let yourself enjoy the magic of it.
√
Appreciating poetry is both an art and a practice—requiring attention to form，context，and personal reflection.As Eliot wrote，poetry “communicates before it is understood”，inviting us to return，rethink，and rediscover its magic endlessly. 5
根据上文“Appreciating poetry is both an art and a practice...(欣赏诗歌既是一门艺术，也是一种实践……)”可知，上文总结了欣赏诗歌的要点以及诗歌的魅力。选项G“拿起一首诗，大声朗读，让自己享受它的魔力。”呼应了前文提到的欣赏诗歌的方式，同时鼓励读者去体验诗歌的魅力，符合结尾的语境。故选G。
解析
Josh Primm has just moved to New York with his parents.He’s shy，anxious，and struggles 1.__________(adjust) to his new school.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐喜剧电影《鳄鱼莱尔》。
Ⅳ.语法填空
to adjust
考查非谓语动词。struggle to do sth意为“艰难地做某事”，符合语境，故填to adjust。
解析
And Lyle，a crocodile,2.______________(understand) the boy’s loneliness，helps him do this.When Mr Grumps，their troublesome neighbor，threatens to have Lyle taken away,3._____ Primms pull together to protect the creature.
understanding
the
2.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，understand作状语，与逻辑主语Lyle是主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填understanding。
3.考查冠词。the Primms表示“Primm一家人”，符合语境，故填the。
解析
Lyle，Lyle，Crocodile is a musical comedy based on a children’s book by Bernard Waber that 4.___________(gain) popularity in recent years.Josh is played by Winslow Fegley,13.
考查时态和主谓一致。that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，指代先行词book，是单数意义，由时间状语in recent years可知，从句用现在完成时，助动词用has，故填has gained。
解析
has gained
The computer-animated crocodile that we see in the movie 5.__________ (voice) by singer Shawn Mendes.But Winslow says it was “a man in a suit”，actor Ben Palacios,6._________ brought Lyle to life on the set.
5.考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，voice作谓语，与主语The computer-animated crocodile是被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，描述一般事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is voiced。
6.考查强调句型。分析句子可知，该宾语从句是强调句型，强调人，可用that或者who，故填that/who。
解析
is voiced
that/who
This made it easier for Winslow to get into character.“It was a great experience because I could work with a real person，” Winslow says.“I was able to react 7._____ his emotions.”
考查介词。固定短语react to意为“对……作出反应”，符合语境，故填to。
解析
to
Winslow has the same 8.____________(admire) for everyone involved in making the movie.“All of the people who worked on the special effects have done an amazing job.It’s not just making Lyle look realistic,9._____ making him a lovable character.It’s really easy to fall in love with him.We made an amazing film that’s great,10.__________(hopeful)，for all ages.”
8.考查名词。空处作has的宾语，应用名词，表示“钦佩，赞赏”，不可数，故填admiration。
9.考查连词。not just...but(also)...“不仅……而且……”为固定搭配，故填but。
10.考查副词。修饰整个定语从句用副词作状语。故填hopefully。
解析
admiration
but
hopefully
返 回
本课结束Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．“I” was taken onto a strange boat.
B．“I” explored the underwater boat.
C．“I” fell into the sea with Conseil and Ned.
D．“I” went through a series of adventures in the sea at night.
答案　D
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．What made them fall into the sea
A．A whirlpool.
B．The violent wind.
C．Their carelessness.
D．A crash.
答案　D
2．Why was Conseil in the sea
A．He was thrown into the sea when the boat crashed.
B．He jumped into the sea to save “me”．
C．He wanted to see the strange animal closely.
D．He liked struggling with waves.
答案　B
3．What kind of person is Conseil
A．Brave and loyal.
B．Romantic and kind.
C．Honest and handsome.
D．Adventurous and determined.
答案　A
4．Where do you think the continuation of the story happened
A．Inside the machine.
B．Under the sea.
C．On metal plates.
D．Inside a whale.
答案　A
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
The crash was so violent 1.that I fell from the boat.I was sinking！I couldn’t breathe！Suddenly I grabbed my 2.faithful(faith) Conseil’s arm with one hand.“Help！Help！” cried Conseil.
A human voice responded to ours！I became colder and colder.With my mouth 3.filled(fill) with salt water，I raised my head for the last time and then I sank.At this moment I 4.was struck(strike) by a hard body that I held onto.And I was drawn up to the surface of the water，unconscious.When I woke up，I saw Ned’s face.Ned was able to find 5.safety(safe) on the large whale made of steel,6.whose black back was smooth，polished.This monster was a human construction.7.Lying(lie) upon the back of a sort of underwater boat，I searched all over the outside 8.for an opening，a hole，but found nothing.At last this long night passed.Daybreak appeared.Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat.
One iron plate was moved，a man appeared，uttered 9.an odd cry，and disappeared 10.immediately(immediate)．Some moments after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly，and drew us down into their incredible machine.
1．The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection(recollect) of falling from the boat.(P36，Lines 1－3)
结构分析：此句是复合句。其中so...that...引导 结果状语从句。
汉语翻译：撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
2.Suddenly(sudden) I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface of the sea；and I heard these words...(P36，Lines 12－14)
结构分析：此句是and连接的并列句。前一个分句中含有feel的复合结构，drawn up...表示与宾语myself之间是动宾关系。
汉语翻译：突然我感觉自己被快速地拉出水面，我听见有人说……
3．...then I felt that I was being drawn up，that I was brought to the surface of the water，that my chest collapsed—my eyes closed(close)，unconscious.(P37，Lines 34－37)
结构分析：此句是复合句。I felt 是主句，后面是三个由that 引导的并列宾语从句。
汉语翻译：……接着，我觉得有人往上拉我，把我拉出了水面，我的胸部不胀了——眼睛紧闭，失去了知觉。
4．Some moments(moment) after，eight strong men，their faces covered，appeared noiselessly(noiseless)，and drew us down into their incredible machine.(P37，Lines 53－55)
结构分析：此句是简单句。主语是eight strong men，谓语动词是appeared和drew；their faces covered 是独立主格结构作状语，covered和其逻辑主语their faces为被动关系。
汉语翻译：过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切(desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的；渴望的desperately adv.绝望地；拼命地)
·in desperation不顾一切地；绝望地
·be desperate for sth非常需要某物
be desperate to do sth极想做某事
in desperate need of急需……
(1)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.I ran desperately(desperate) but failed to catch up.
[写作佳句]
(2)随着戏剧比赛的临近，我非常渴望得到你的专业指导。
①With the drama contest approaching，I am in desperate need of your specialized guidance.
②With the drama contest approaching，I am desperate for your specialized guidance.
③With the drama contest approaching，I am desperate to get your specialized guidance.
(3)(读后续写之绝望心理描写)我绝望地摇摇晃晃地走出讲堂，我的腿好像沉重得像铅一样。
I staggered out of the lecture hall in desperation/desperately and it seemed as if my legs were as heavy as lead.
ease n．轻易，毫不费劲 vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)(easy adj.容易的；舒适的easily adv.容易地；不费力地)
·with ease＝easily容易地；不费力地
feel at ease感到舒适自在
put/set sb at ease使某人放松/自在
·ease sb of...使某人消除/减轻……
(1)I finished the 800-meter race breathlessly while Tom covered that distance with ease.
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)站在舞台上，有这么多的眼睛盯着我，我感到不自在。
Standing on the stage，I didn’t feel at ease with so many eyes staring at me.
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)我真希望这个建议能减轻你的焦虑。
I do hope the advice can ease you of your anxiety.
strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck) 打；撞击；突然发生不幸；突然想到；打动 n．罢工；打击
·strike...into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心；使……感到……
strike sb on/in＋the＋身体部位 敲打某人的身体部位
It strikes/struck sb that...某人突然想起……
be struck by被……侵袭；被……打动
·be on strike在罢工
go on strike举行罢工
(1)He tossed a paper ball at me，which struck me on the head and bounced off.
[写作佳句]
(2)图书管理员突然想到她可能把那本诗集放在另一个书架上了。
It struck the librarian that she might have put the poetry on another shelf.
(3)他们队的失利让他很伤心。
The failure of their team struck sadness into his heart.
though引导的让步状语从句的倒装
...and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.(P37，Lines 48－49)
……虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎就像用铁板做成的。
结构分析：句中though引导让步状语从句，从句的表语incredible提到了句首，构成部分倒装。
在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形往往提前到句首，构成部分倒装。
注意：如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，名词前不加冠词。
(1)Much though/as I admire her(虽然我非常崇拜她)，I cannot excuse her faults.
[写作佳句]
(2)虽然伯纳德只是个孩子，但他还是尽了自己的一份力来维持这个贫穷的家庭。
Child as/though he was，Bernard did his part to support the poor family.
(3)虽然我们筋疲力尽，但我们感到非常高兴和自豪，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
Exhausted as/though we were，we felt very jocund and proud，with our eyes twinkling with great glee.
(4)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)尽管我尽力了，但我失败了，一阵绝望席卷了我的全身。
Try as/though I might，I failed and a wave of desperation swept across me.
训练4　Lesson 3
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．Hearing his son had adjusted to school life，the father finally felt at ease.
2．Hearing that all his workers were on strike，the employer felt desperate.
3．He was unconscious(conscious) and as I looked at his face，something struck me.
4．The studio is still under construction(construct) and won’t open until mid-March.
5．It strikes me that I forgot to hand in my homework，which makes me very anxious.
6．In desperation(desperate)，I got hold of something like a vine，which prevented me from falling down.
7．With the help of the Internet，we can obtain many learning materials with ease.
8．High though/as his salary was，he was quite thrifty and only spent money on necessities.
9．The young man is desperate to get(get) a master’s degree in order to get promoted in the company.
10．He was so nervous that he walked up and down restlessly，with his hands trembling without control.
Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分)
(关于申请成为学校接待外宾的志愿者)
1．我长期以来一直渴望成为一名志愿者。(long to do...)
I have been longing to be a volunteer for a long time.
2．我说英语很流利，所以我可以自由地和外国人交流。(so...that...)
I speak English so fluently that I can communicate with foreigners freely.
3．虽然我没有经验，但我愿意向其他志愿者学习，并认真对待工作。(though引导的状语从句的倒装)
Inexperienced though I am，I’m willing to learn from other volunteers and treat the work seriously.
4．你能好心考虑一下我的申请吗？(so...as to...)
Will you be so kind as to consider my application
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Hearing that foreign guests will come to our school，I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer to welcome them.
To begin with，I have been longing to be a volunteer for a long time.Secondly，I speak English so fluently that I can communicate with foreigners freely.Thirdly，inexperienced though I am，I’m willing to learn from other volunteers and treat the work seriously.Last but not least，I get along well with others.I haven’t conflicted with teachers，nor have I quarreled with my classmates.
Will you be so kind as to consider my application
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Cartoons suit the way we like information to be presented these days：vividly and in small amounts.We are used to cartoons and comic series that take a biting look at modern life or provide a bit of escapism.But recently we have seen an increase in the number of comic books：book-length comics with a single，continuous narrative.Historically，comic books were not popular outside France，Belgium，Japan，and the US.The exception is the worldwide popularity of a young reporter-detective from Belgium，Tintin.
The creation of the Belgian cartoonist Herge，The Adventures of Tintin first appeared in a Belgian newspaper in 1929.Each story appeared as a cartoon series week by week，but soon after was republished in book form.One of the main attractions for readers was that they were taken to parts of the world they had never seen and probably never would：Russia，Congo，America.Herge himself only traveled outside Belgium later in life，but his passion was educating his readers about other cultures and places.
Two things set Herge apart as a comic novelist.The first was his technical drawing skills：with just a few simple lines he could communicate a particular facial expression or movement.The second was the careful research he put into his stories.In The Crab with the Golden Claws，Tintin follows an opium-smuggling(鸦片走私) ring to North Africa；in King Ottokar’s Scepter，he stops an attempt at a military coup(政变) in a central European country.While telling these stories，Herge also made a fine balance between serious topics and humor.
Tintin had more than his fair share of adventures，but perhaps the greatest is his journey to the Moon，told in Destination Moon and Explorers on the Moon.Written in 1953，sixteen years before the first Moon landing，the stories show a remarkable eye for technical detail and feeling for the nature of space travel.In the early 1950s，few could imagine what it was like to be looking down at our planet from outer space.And that is Herge’s true gift：to understand what a place was like without ever having been there.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了比利时漫画《丁丁历险记》的作者Herge以其精湛的绘画技艺和详实的研究著称，带领读者探索世界各地及太空，展现非凡想象力与预见性。
1．What can be learned about comic books from the passage
A．They mostly involve detective stories.
B．They present information in small amounts.
C．They are taking a positive look at modern life.
D．They were popular outside Belgium historically.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cartoons suit the way we like information to be presented these days：vividly and in small amounts.”可知，漫画生动而少量地呈现信息。故选B。
2．Which of the following was an attraction of The Adventures of Tintin for readers
A．The stories were the first comic novel published in book form.
B．The stories used to be cartoon series that appeared week by week.
C．The stories had a good balance between humorous topics and reality.
D．The stories enabled them to learn about places they had never been to.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“One of the main attractions for readers was that they were taken to parts of the world they had never seen and probably never would：Russia，Congo，America.”可知，《丁丁历险记》的故事让读者了解自己从未去过的地方，这是其吸引读者的地方。故选D。
3．Why are The Crab with the Golden Claws and King Ottokar’s Scepter taken for examples
A．To show Herge had a good sense of humor.
B．To show Herge liked touching on serious topics.
C．To illustrate Herge based stories on research results.
D．To illustrate Herge was expert at technical drawing skills.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“The second was the careful research he put into his stories.”可知，作者以《金钳螃蟹贩毒集团》和《奥托卡王的权杖》为例，是为了说明Herge的故事是基于详细的调查写的。故选C。
4．Which of the following can best describe Herge according to the passage
A．Creative. B．Devoted.
C．Serious. D．Humorous.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Written in 1953...And that is Herge’s true gift：to understand what a place was like without ever having been there.”可知，Herge具有领先于时代的想象力，能够描写未曾见过的事物，由此可推知，Herge是有创造力的。故选A。
B
Writing poetry can seem frightening.However，with the right inspiration(灵感) and approach，you can write a poem that you can be proud to share with others in class or with your friends.
A poem might start as a piece of a verse，a line or two that seems to come out of no-where，or an image you cannot get out of your head.You can find inspiration for your poem by doing writing exercises and using the world around you.Once you have inspiration，you can then shape your thoughts into a poem.
You may also be inspired by going for a walk in your neighborhood or to your favorite spot in the city.You may observe people on a park bench or in a public square and use moments from your observations as the inspiration for a poem.You could try writing a poem about a person who is important to you in your life，such as your mother or your best friend.You could use the person as inspiration for your poem.
You can start your poem by focusing on a specific(特定的) theme or idea that you find attractive or interesting.Picking a specific theme or idea to focus on in the poem can give your poem a clear goal or point.This can make it easier for you to limit what images and descriptions you are going to use in your poem.For example，you may decide to write a poem around the theme of “love and friendship”．You may then think about specific moments in your life when you experienced love and friendship as well as how you would characterize love and friendship based on your relationships with others.
There are many different poetic forms that you can use，from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet.You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use，such as free verse，or a form that you find more challenging，such as sonnet.Choose one poetic form and stick to that structures so your poem feels cohesive(连贯的) to your readers.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些写诗歌的方法：从周围环境中获取灵感、聚焦特定的主题以及选择合适的诗歌体裁。
5．What do paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 stress when it comes to poem writing
A．Looking for inspiration around us.
B．Having a gift for poem writing.
C．Knowing the structures of poems.
D．Being supported by people around us.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“You can find inspiration for your poem by doing writing exercises and using the world around you.”可知，第二段强调通过练习和利用周围的世界寻找灵感；根据第三段中“You may also be inspired by going for a walk in your neighborhood or to your favorite spot in the city.”可知，第三段同样强调了写诗时可以通过周围的环境获取灵感。由此可知，这两段在提及写诗时，都在强调通过周围环境寻找灵感。故选A项。
6．What does the example of writing a poem around the theme of “love and friendship” show
A．Inspiration is everywhere around us.
B．We can be encouraged by love and friendship.
C．Picking a specific theme or idea is important.
D．We should write about things we’re familiar with.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。通过阅读第四段内容并分析前后语境可知，该处的举例应是为了证明上文“Picking a specific theme...can make it easier for you to limit what images and descriptions you are going to use in your poem.”，因此可推知，以“爱与友谊”为主题写诗的例子应是为了证明选择一个特定主题或想法的重要性。故选C项。
7．Who would most probably try writing a sonnet
A．Someone who wants his/her poems cohesive.
B．Someone who wants to try a difficult form of poetry.
C．Someone who tries to write a poem the first time.
D．Someone who dislikes the structure of poems.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据文章尾段中“or a form that you find more challenging，such as sonnet”可知，想要体验更难的诗歌体裁的人会尝试写十四行诗。故选B项。
8．What does this passage mainly talk about
A．Some forms of poems.
B．Some tips to write poems.
C．The author’s experience of writing poems.
D．Some tips to overcome the fear of writing poems.
答案　B
解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首段提出了文章的核心话题“写诗需要正确的灵感和方法”，并在后文段落详细介绍了如何获取灵感、确定主题和选择体裁。由此可知，文章主要介绍了写诗歌的技巧。故选B项。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Poetry，with its rhythmic language and layered meanings，invites readers to explore emotions，ideas，and beauty beyond the literal.To fully engage with a poem，consider these methods to deepen your appreciation and understanding.
Read aloud for rhythm and sound.
1 Read the poem aloud slowly.Notice the rhythm，rhymes，or repeating sounds.For example，Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven uses a tense beat，while Langston Hughes’ Dreams has a gentle flow.Do they sound cheerful，sad，or urgent？The “music” of a poem often mirrors its mood.
　2　
Understanding a poem’s historical，cultural，or biographical context enriches interpretation.It will help you a lot to find out when the poem was written or what the poet’s life was like.But don’t stress—even a quick online search can add meaning.
Accept confusion.
Poems don’t always have one right explanation. 3 Maybe Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 is both a love poem and a joke about clichés(陈词滥调)．Discuss with classmates—different views make poems more interesting！Let uncertainty spark curiosity.
Connect the poem to your life.
Let your emotions guide your understanding.If a line reminds you of a personal experience，write down your thoughts or share them with a friend. 4 Poetry isn’t just about analysis—it’s about feeling and imagination.
Appreciating poetry is both an art and a practice—requiring attention to form，context，and personal reflection.As Eliot wrote，poetry “communicates before it is understood”，inviting us to return，rethink，and rediscover its magic endlessly. 5
A．Poems are meant to be heard.
B．Learn the background of the poem.
C．Compare poems by different authors.
D．Poetry is alive when it speaks to you.
E．Practice memorizing your favorite lines.
F．If a line feels puzzling，write down your guesses.
G．Grab a poem，read it aloud，and let yourself enjoy the magic of it.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何深入欣赏和理解诗歌的方法，包括大声朗读感受节奏和声音、了解诗歌的背景、接受诗歌的模糊性、将诗歌与个人生活联系起来等。
1．答案　A
解析　根据下文“Read the poem aloud slowly.Notice the rhythm，rhymes，...”可知，下文内容围绕大声朗读诗歌展开。选项A“诗歌就是用来被聆听的。”强调了诗歌需要被听到，与大声朗读相呼应，符合语境。故选A。
2．答案　B
解析　空处为小标题。为本段主旨句。根据下文可知，本段主要讲的是了解诗歌的背景知识。选项B“了解诗歌的背景”符合本段主旨，与本段内容相符。故选B。
3．答案　F
解析　根据上文“Poems don’t always have one right explanation.(诗歌并不总是只有一个正确的解释。)”以及下文“Maybe Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 is both...”可知，上下文都在说诗歌理解的不确定性。选项F“如果一行诗让你感到困惑，写下你的猜测。”与接受困惑以及诗歌解释的不确定性相契合，与下文与同学讨论呼应，符合语境。故选F。
4．答案　D
解析　根据上文“Let your emotions...or share them with a friend.(让你的情感引导你的理解。如果一行诗让你想起一段个人经历，写下你的想法，或者和朋友分享一下。)”可知，上文强调了诗歌与个人的联系。选项D“当诗歌与你产生共鸣时，它就是有生命力的。”进一步说明了诗歌与个人的关联，符合语境。故选D。
5．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Appreciating poetry is both an art and a practice...(欣赏诗歌既是一门艺术，也是一种实践……)”可知，上文总结了欣赏诗歌的要点以及诗歌的魅力。选项G“拿起一首诗，大声朗读，让自己享受它的魔力。”呼应了前文提到的欣赏诗歌的方式，同时鼓励读者去体验诗歌的魅力，符合结尾的语境。故选G。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Josh Primm has just moved to New York with his parents.He’s shy，anxious，and struggles 1.____________(adjust) to his new school.And Lyle，a crocodile,2.____________(understand) the boy’s loneliness，helps him do this.When Mr Grumps，their troublesome neighbor，threatens to have Lyle taken away,3.____________ Primms pull together to protect the creature.
Lyle，Lyle，Crocodile is a musical comedy based on a children’s book by Bernard Waber that 4.____________(gain) popularity in recent years.Josh is played by Winslow Fegley,13.The computer-animated crocodile that we see in the movie 5.____________(voice) by singer Shawn Mendes.But Winslow says it was “a man in a suit”，actor Ben Palacios,6.____________ brought Lyle to life on the set.This made it easier for Winslow to get into character.“It was a great experience because I could work with a real person，” Winslow says.“I was able to react 7.____________ his emotions.”
Winslow has the same 8.____________(admire) for everyone involved in making the movie.“All of the people who worked on the special effects have done an amazing job.It’s not just making Lyle look realistic,9.____________ making him a lovable character.It’s really easy to fall in love with him.We made an amazing film that’s great,10.____________(hopeful)，for all ages.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐喜剧电影《鳄鱼莱尔》。
1．答案　to adjust
解析　考查非谓语动词。struggle to do sth意为“艰难地做某事”，符合语境，故填to adjust。
2．答案　understanding
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，understand作状语，与逻辑主语Lyle是主动关系，用现在分词形式，故填understanding。
3．答案　the
解析　考查冠词。the Primms表示“Primm一家人”，符合语境，故填the。
4．答案　has gained
解析　考查时态和主谓一致。that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，指代先行词book，是单数意义，由时间状语in recent years可知，从句用现在完成时，助动词用has，故填has gained。
5．答案　is voiced
解析　考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，voice作谓语，与主语The computer-animated crocodile是被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，描述一般事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is voiced。
6．答案　that/who
解析　考查强调句型。分析句子可知，该宾语从句是强调句型，强调人，可用that或者who，故填that/who。
7．答案　to
解析　考查介词。固定短语react to意为“对……作出反应”，符合语境，故填to。
8．答案　admiration
解析　考查名词。空处作has的宾语，应用名词，表示“钦佩，赞赏”，不可数，故填admiration。
9．答案　but
解析　考查连词。not just...but(also)．..“不仅……而且……”为固定搭配，故填but。
10．答案　hopefully
解析　考查副词。修饰整个定语从句用副词作状语。故填hopefully。

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