资源简介

(共31张PPT)
HUMAN BIOLOGY
UNIT 9
Section Ⅴ
Writing Workshop
内容索引
Part 1　品读文本学写法
Part 2　熟悉技法练写作
品读文本学写法
Read the summary of “Epidemics Explained” on P62 and choose the best answer.
1.Which are the features of an epidemic
①Infection.　②Variation.　③Rapid spread.　④Too many deaths.
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.①②④ D.①③④
Activity 1　Read for details [细节把握]
√
2.Which epidemic has occurred twice in history
A.The SARS. B.The Bird Flu.
C.The Black Death. D.The Spanish Flu.
√
3.What should the world do to deal with epidemics
A.Reduce contact and avoid infection.
B.Strengthen cooperation and work together.
C.Get vaccinations to boost a herd immunity.
D.Protect the environment and solve the root causes.
√
Activity 2　Read for structures [文章架构]
Read the summary of “Epidemics Explained” on P62 and fill in the blanks.
Paragraphs Key information
1 1.___________
2 2.______________________________
3 3.____________________________
4 4.__________________________________________
Definition
Some epidemics were connected
Epidemics in the 21st century
Cooperation needed to fight against epidemics
Read the summary of “Epidemics Explained” on P62 and find out the sentences.
1.被说明事物的概念。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Activity 3　Read for language features [增分靓句]
An epidemic is the rapid spread of an infectious disease over a short period of time，causing a large number of deaths，the number of which differs for different diseases.
2.引用的事例。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3.问题的解决方法。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
The 1997 bird flu which claimed over 100 lives was an adaptation of the Great Flu of 1918.
返 回
Globally，researchers are coming together to try to identify the causes for epidemics and help to find effective treatments.
According to official records EVD has killed more than 11,310 people in West Africa alone.
熟悉技法练写作
概要写作：题目提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生在对原文进行阅读后，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不抄袭原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
一、注意事项
1.词数要限制在60词左右，不得超出上下限10个单词。
2.要根据文章的题材特点进行写作。
3.人称和时态一般要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致。但必要时也可以转而用第三人称。
4.写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照抄照搬原文。
5.一定不要加入自己的观点并对原文加以评论；一定不要引入与原文内容无关的信息。
二、写作步骤
1.确定体裁，明确主题及结构。
体裁 结构
记叙文 人物、时间、地点、事件(起因——发展——结果)
说明文 事物的性质功能类：对象＋性质功能＋利害问题的解决方法或措施；
问题/现象类：问题/现象＋原因＋结果/解决方法
议论文 论点＋论据＋结论
2.确定主题句，找关键信息。
画出每一段的主题句，抓住关键信息，忽略次要信息。
3.改写关键信息，得出要点。
使用意义相同或相近的单词、短语或句式，或使用不同的句子结构表达同样的意思，如改变语态、肯定变否定等。
4.添加连接词，使行文连贯。
要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词去连贯全文。 常用的关联词有：however，besides，in addition，therefore，instead 等等。
常用表达
1.This article/passage mainly tells (a story) about...这篇文章主要讲了……(的故事)。
2.This passage mainly deals with/discusses/explores...这篇文章主要论述/讨论/探索……
3.This article focuses on the topics of...本文主要聚焦……的主题。
4.In this passage (about...)，the author...在这篇(关于……的)文章中，作者……
5.The author began the essay/passage by telling/presenting...
作者以讲述/介绍……开始这篇文章。
6.First/Firstly/In the beginning/In the first part，the author argues/explains/mentions/states/points out (that)...首先/在第一部分中，作者论证/解释/提及/陈述/指出……
7.Secondly/Next/Further on/Then/In the next part/In the main part，the author goes on with...
第二部分/下一部分/进一步说/然后/在下一部分/在主要部分，作者继续……
8.Finally/As a conclusion，the author concludes/adds/stresses that...
最后/作为结论，作者总结/补充/强调……
分步演练
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing.However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the king of England in 1546.
Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit(好处) of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.
第一步　审题谋篇
把握原文文体特征，理清文章结构。本文为说明文，说明某现象及其原因、影响和解决方案，即“现象＋原因＋影响＋解决方案”，人称为第三人称，时态为一般过去时和一般现在时。
第二步　利用原文信号词，寻找段落中心句，提取要点
要点1：There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
要点2：In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.
要点3：Dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.
要点4：Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt.Mary Ruebush encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.
第三步　改写要点
要点1：Attitudes to dirt have been changing over time.
要点2：In the early 16th century，people believed that dirt on the skin helped protect against disease.
要点3：Since the 18th century，however，people have developed the belief that cleaning away dirt can prevent disease.
要点4：Today，although attitudes to dirt still differ sharply，more and more people choose to believe that playing in the dirt can help build up a strong immune system.
第四步　整合要点，连句成文，注意衔接
参考范文
Attitudes towards dirt have been changing over time.(要点1) In the 16th century，people believed that dirt on the skin helped protect against disease.(要点2) Since the 18th century，however，people have developed the belief that cleaning away dirt can prevent disease.(要点3)Today，although attitudes to dirt still differ sharply，more and more people choose to believe that playing in the dirt can help build up a strong immune system.(要点4)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The new exhibition at the National Gallery of Victoria，the NGV，is on a much larger scale than the previous showing of these well-known Chinese relics.
“Terracotta Warriors：Guardians of Immortality” features 8 life-size warriors,2 life-size horses，and 2 half-size replica bronze chariots，each drawn by four horses.Gold，jade，and bronze artifacts dating back thousands of years are also showcased in the exhibition.Sasha Grishin，
达标检测
an art historian from the Australian National University，traveled from Canberra to Melbourne for the chance to see these sculptures again up close.He was here when the Terracotta Warriors came to Melbourne back in 1982.“In 1982，when the Terracotta Warriors came，that was already a very long time ago.And we had a different perspective on China.It was exotic then.Here we’re looking not at the exotic，but we’re looking at important art.And we’re seeing China not as something out there，but China as being part of the global art community.And seeing it in the context of very important contemporary Chinese art，that’s a very important development.”
Zhou Kuiying is the deputy director of the Cultural Heritage Administration of Shaanxi Province，the home of the Terracotta Warriors.He said the exhibition can play a role in building cultural ties between China and Australia.“Over more than 30 years，we have discovered many artifacts in China，including more Terracotta Warriors. Many of the sculptures and artifacts here today are part of the new discoveries.We hope exhibits like this will help Australians，especially young people，to understand ancient Chinese culture，and the China of today，as this can strengthen mutual trust and friendship between Chinese and Australian people.”
Alongside the Terracotta Warriors exhibition，the NGV is also showcasing works by the contemporary Chinese artist Cai Guoqiang.
The exhibition opens to the public on Friday and will run until October.
参考范文
A large exhibition of Terracotta Warriors is going on at NGV.(要点1)This exhibition displays many precious cultural relics，which attracts people like Sasha Grishin who love art.(要点2)The exhibition is a link between Chinese and Australian culture.(要点3)Besides the Terracotta Warriors，there are also works by Cai Guoqiang on display.(要点4)The exhibition runs from Friday to October.(要点5)
返 回
本课结束Section Ⅴ　Writing Workshop
Activity 1　Read for details [细节把握]
Read the summary of “Epidemics Explained” on P62 and choose the best answer.
1．Which are the features of an epidemic
①Infection.　②Variation.　③Rapid spread.
④Too many deaths.
A．①②③ B．②③④
C．①②④ D．①③④
答案　D
2．Which epidemic has occurred twice in history
A．The SARS. B．The Bird Flu.
C．The Black Death. D．The Spanish Flu.
答案　C
3．What should the world do to deal with epidemics
A．Reduce contact and avoid infection.
B．Strengthen cooperation and work together.
C．Get vaccinations to boost a herd immunity.
D．Protect the environment and solve the root causes.
答案　B
Activity 2　Read for structures [文章架构]
Read the summary of “Epidemics Explained” on P62 and fill in the blanks.
Paragraphs Key information
1 1.Definition
2 2.Some epidemics were connected
3 3.Epidemics in the 21st century
4 4.Cooperation needed to fight against epidemics
Activity 3　Read for language features [增分靓句]
Read the summary of “Epidemics Explained” on P62 and find out the sentences.
1．被说明事物的概念。
An epidemic is the rapid spread of an infectious disease over a short period of time，causing a large number of deaths，the number of which differs for different diseases.
2．引用的事例。
The 1997 bird flu which claimed over 100 lives was an adaptation of the Great Flu of 1918.
According to official records EVD has killed more than 11,310 people in West Africa alone.
3．问题的解决方法。
Globally，researchers are coming together to try to identify the causes for epidemics and help to find effective treatments.
概要写作：题目提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生在对原文进行阅读后，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不抄袭原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
一、注意事项
1．词数要限制在60词左右，不得超出上下限10个单词。
2．要根据文章的题材特点进行写作。
3．人称和时态一般要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致。但必要时也可以转而用第三人称。
4．写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照抄照搬原文。
5．一定不要加入自己的观点并对原文加以评论；一定不要引入与原文内容无关的信息。
二、写作步骤
1．确定体裁，明确主题及结构。
体裁 结构
记叙文 人物、时间、地点、事件(起因——发展——结果)
说明文 事物的性质功能类：对象＋性质功能＋利害问题的解决方法或措施； 问题/现象类：问题/现象＋原因＋结果/解决方法
议论文 论点＋论据＋结论
2.确定主题句，找关键信息。
画出每一段的主题句，抓住关键信息，忽略次要信息。
3．改写关键信息，得出要点。
使用意义相同或相近的单词、短语或句式，或使用不同的句子结构表达同样的意思，如改变语态、肯定变否定等。
4．添加连接词，使行文连贯。
要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词去连贯全文。 常用的关联词有：however，besides，in addition，therefore，instead 等等。
1．This article/passage mainly tells (a story) about...这篇文章主要讲了……(的故事)。
2．This passage mainly deals with/discusses/explores...这篇文章主要论述/讨论/探索……
3．This article focuses on the topics of...本文主要聚焦……的主题。
4．In this passage (about...)，the author...在这篇(关于……的)文章中，作者……
5．The author began the essay/passage by telling/presenting...
作者以讲述/介绍……开始这篇文章。
6．First/Firstly/In the beginning/In the first part，the author argues/explains/mentions/states/points out (that)．..首先/在第一部分中，作者论证/解释/提及/陈述/指出……
7．Secondly/Next/Further on/Then/In the next part/In the main part，the author goes on with...
第二部分/下一部分/进一步说/然后/在下一部分/在主要部分，作者继续……
8．Finally/As a conclusion，the author concludes/adds/stresses that...
最后/作为结论，作者总结/补充/强调……
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing.However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit(好处) of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century.Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.
第一步　审题谋篇
把握原文文体特征，理清文章结构。本文为说明文，说明某现象及其原因、影响和解决方案，即“现象＋原因＋影响＋解决方案”，人称为第三人称，时态为一般过去时和一般现在时。
第二步　利用原文信号词，寻找段落中心句，提取要点
要点1：There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
要点2：In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.
要点3：Dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.
要点4：Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt.Mary Ruebush encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.
第三步　改写要点
要点1：Attitudes to dirt have been changing over time.
要点2：In the early 16th century，people believed that dirt on the skin helped protect against disease.
要点3：Since the 18th century，however，people have developed the belief that cleaning away dirt can prevent disease.
要点4：Today，although attitudes to dirt still differ sharply，more and more people choose to believe that playing in the dirt can help build up a strong immune system.
第四步　整合要点，连句成文，注意衔接
参考范文
Attitudes towards dirt have been changing over time.(要点1) In the 16th century，people believed that dirt on the skin helped protect against disease.(要点2) Since the 18th century，however，people have developed the belief that cleaning away dirt can prevent disease.(要点3)Today，although attitudes to dirt still differ sharply，more and more people choose to believe that playing in the dirt can help build up a strong immune system.(要点4)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The new exhibition at the National Gallery of Victoria，the NGV，is on a much larger scale than the previous showing of these well-known Chinese relics.
“Terracotta Warriors：Guardians of Immortality” features 8 life-size warriors,2 life-size horses，and 2 half-size replica bronze chariots，each drawn by four horses.Gold，jade，and bronze artifacts dating back thousands of years are also showcased in the exhibition.Sasha Grishin，an art historian from the Australian National University，traveled from Canberra to Melbourne for the chance to see these sculptures again up close.He was here when the Terracotta Warriors came to Melbourne back in 1982.“In 1982，when the Terracotta Warriors came，that was already a very long time ago.And we had a different perspective on China.It was exotic then.Here we’re looking not at the exotic，but we’re looking at important art.And we’re seeing China not as something out there，but China as being part of the global art community.And seeing it in the context of very important contemporary Chinese art，that’s a very important development.”
Zhou Kuiying is the deputy director of the Cultural Heritage Administration of Shaanxi Province，the home of the Terracotta Warriors.He said the exhibition can play a role in building cultural ties between China and Australia.“Over more than 30 years，we have discovered many artifacts in China，including more Terracotta Warriors.Many of the sculptures and artifacts here today are part of the new discoveries.We hope exhibits like this will help Australians，especially young people，to understand ancient Chinese culture，and the China of today，as this can strengthen mutual trust and friendship between Chinese and Australian people.”
Alongside the Terracotta Warriors exhibition，the NGV is also showcasing works by the contemporary Chinese artist Cai Guoqiang.
The exhibition opens to the public on Friday and will run until October.
参考范文
A large exhibition of Terracotta Warriors is going on at NGV.(要点1)This exhibition displays many precious cultural relics，which attracts people like Sasha Grishin who love art.(要点2)The exhibition is a link between Chinese and Australian culture.(要点3)Besides the Terracotta Warriors，there are also works by Cai Guoqiang on display.(要点4)The exhibition runs from Friday to October.(要点5)

展开更多......

收起↑