资源简介

(共87张PPT)
Section Ⅵ
Reading Club
CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
UNIT 11
内容索引
Part 1　课文泛读理解
Part 2　语言知识梳理
训练5
课文泛读理解
Ⅰ.Read Reading Club 1 on P43 and choose the best answer.
1.Why was Terri Schiavo’s husband involved in a legal case
A.He ended his wife’s life deliberately.
B.He refused to take care of his sick wife.
C.His parents-in-law charged him with murdering their daughter.
D.He wanted to take off his wife’s life support machines after a 15 years’
　coma.
√
2.What can we know according to the passage
A.Terri Schiavo fell into a coma because of a robbery.
B.The longer one is in a coma，the less likely he is to recover.
C.If the coma is not severe，the patient will surely progress well.
D.Coma patients can just sleep，not moving or making any sound.
√
3.What attitude may the author take to removing the life support machine in this case
A.Tolerant.
B.Skeptical.
C.Indifferent.
D.Ambiguous.
√
Ⅱ.Read Reading Club 2 on P44－45 and choose the best answer.
1.What is the function of paragraph 1
A.To attract the readers.
B.To introduce the topic of the passage.
C.To show how unlucky you are.
D.To describe the background.
√
2.Why did Roslyn Darch sue the furniture store
A.Because she tripped over in the store and got injured.
B.Because the store didn’t control the child.
C.Because she missed a job opportunity.
D.Because she wanted to get a large amount of money.
√
3.Who might be the biggest winner in those cases according to the author
A.The persons who sue.
B.The victims of the cases.
C.The lawyers who get involved in the cases.
D.The sides who are charged.
√
4.How is the passage mainly developed
A.By comparison.
B.By listing examples.
C.By citing statistics.
D.By giving explanations.
√
返 回
语言知识梳理
vt.禁止，取缔n.禁令，禁止
1
ban
·ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事
　ban doing sth禁止做某事
·a ban on对……的禁令
·表示“禁止某人做某事”的短语：
　prohibit/forbid sb from doing sth
　forbid sb to do sth
(1)Referring to conflicts with others，we ban _______(use) violence to solve them.
(2)When the two countries were at war，civilians were banned _______ crossing the border anyhow.
(3)While the government has issued a ban _______ plastic bags，people are still using large quantities of them.
using
from
on
(4)为了创建更干净的环境，每个人都被禁止随地乱扔垃圾。(话题写作之环境保护)
①To create cleaner surroundings，________________________
_____________________.(ban)
②To create cleaner surroundings，________________________
____________________________.(forbid)
写作佳句
everyone is banned from
littering everywhere
everyone is forbidden from
littering/to litter everywhere
vt.伤害 n.损害，危害(harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的)
2
harm
·do harm to sb/sth＝do sb/sth harm对某人/某物有害
　There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth.(某人)做某事无害/不妨做某事。
·be harmful to...对……有害
(1)A group of moving elephants make people scared，although they are ___________(harm).
harmless
(2)不言而喻，污染对生活在这个城市里的每一个人的健康都有害处，更不用说对环境的破坏了。
It goes without saying that ________________________________
___________________________________，not to mention the damage to the environment.
(3)既然你已经意识到了你的错误，你不妨先向他道歉。
Now that you have realized your mistakes，_________________
_________________ to him first.
写作佳句
pollution does harm to/is harmful to
the health of everyone living in the city
there is no harm in
your apologising
vt.作出结论，推断出(conclusion n.结论；结束)
3
conclude
·conclude (from...) that...(从……中)推断/总结出……
　conclude (sth) with...以……结束(……)
　to conclude总而言之，最后
·in conclusion总而言之，最后
　come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论
(1)Each time on the closing ceremony of the annual meeting we would conclude it _______ a chorus.
(2)They came to _____ conclusion that it was a thief that had stolen their diamond necklace.
with
a
(3)我从自己的经历中得出结论：“在生活这片波涛汹涌的大海中，家庭就是一件救生衣。”(读后续写之亲情升华句)
①I ________________________________，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclude)
②I ___________________________________________________
____________，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclusion)
写作佳句
concluded from my own experience
came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from my own
experience
(4)总之，你的切实可行的建议一定可以使我们的关于中国传统文化的主题班会吸引更多的外国人。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)
__________________________，your practical suggestions are bound to make our theme class meeting about traditional Chinese cultures appeal to more foreigners.
To conclude/In conclusion
adj.有利的，有用的，有帮助的(benefit vt.使受益
vi.得益于 n.好处，益处)
4
beneficial
·be beneficial to...对……有益
·benefit sb对某人有好处
　benefit from...从……受益
·be of benefit to...对……有好处
　for the benefit of...为了……的利益
(1)Forgiveness is a virtue，which is ____________(benefit) to our physical and mental health.
beneficial
(2)As we all know，books are the source of knowledge，_______ which we benefit a lot.
(3)All representatives put forward many practical problems ______ the benefit of common people.
from
for
(4)Hopefully，my above-mentioned suggestions can benefit you，and I am firmly convinced that all the difficulties can be settled properly.
→Hopefully，my above-mentioned suggestions ______________
_____ you，and I am firmly convinced that all the difficulties can be settled properly.(beneficial adj.)
写作佳句
can be beneficial
to
→Hopefully，my above-mentioned suggestions ______________
_____ you，and I am firmly convinced that all the difficulties can be settled properly.(benefit n.)
→Hopefully，you __________________ my above-mentioned suggestions，and I am firmly convinced that all the difficulties can be settled properly.(benefit vi.)
can be of benefit
to
can benefit from
n.康复，痊愈；失而复得(recover v.痊愈；恢复；重新获得)
5
recovery
·make a recovery from...从……中恢复过来
·recover from...从……中恢复过来
　recover oneself镇定下来；清醒过来
(1)It can take many years for her to recover _______ the pain of losing a loved one.
(2)There is no denying that a happy mood can certainly contribute to patients’ __________(recover).
from
recovery
(3)我真诚地希望你很快从疾病中完全康复。(应用文写作之安慰信)
①I sincerely hope that ___________________________________
_______________.(recovery)
②I sincerely hope that ___________________________________
______________.(recover)
(4)哭了大约半个小时后，她逐渐平静下来。(读后续写之情感描写)
After weeping for about half an hour，_____________________
_______.
写作佳句
you will make a complete recovery from
the disease soon
you will completely recover from the
disease soon
she gradually recovered
herself
n.& vt.请求，要求
6
request
·make a request for...请求/要求……
　at one’s request＝at the request of sb应某人的要求
·request sb to do sth要求某人做某事
　request that sb (should) do sth要求某人做某事
　It is requested that...按照要求……
(1)The boy made a request _______ a new toy，saying it would contribute to his recovery from the cold.
(2)_______ the request of the public，the pianist played his representative work again.
(3)The police requested that both sides ______________ (cease) violence，or they would be arrested.
for
At
(should) cease
(4)请全体学生参加今晚六点半在学校礼堂举行的校庆活动。(应用文写作之通知)
All the students ________________________________________
_____________________ in the school hall at 6：30 this evening.
写作佳句
are requested to attend the celebration of the
school anniversary
(5)老师要求学生们为即将到来的考试做好充分的准备。
①_____________________________________________________
the coming exam.(不定式作宾补)
②_____________________________________________________
______________ the coming exam.(宾语从句)
③_____________________________________________________
______________ the coming exam.(it作形式主语)
写作佳句
The teacher requested the students to be well prepared for
The teacher requested that the students(should) be well
prepared for
It is requested by the teacher that the students(should) be well
prepared for
7
whatever引导让步状语从句
Whatever you think，the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading，and it will affect all of us.(P44，Para.3)
不论你怎么想，近几年出现的赔偿文化正在扩展，而且它会影响到我们所有的人。
结构分析：本句中的Whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what，意为“不管怎么样，不论是什么”。
用法相同的还有whoever/whomever(不管是谁)，whichever(不管哪一个)，wherever(不管在哪儿)，however(无论多么)，whenever(不论何时)；其中whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever还可以引导名词性从句。
(1)不论我们将来做什么，都要保持信心，尽最大努力去做。
_________________________________________，we must keep confident and try our best.
(2)无论你何时需要帮助，我希望你能够毫不犹豫地联系我。
_______________________________________，I hope that you can get in touch with me without hesitation.
Whatever/No matter what we do in the future
Whenever/No matter when you need help
(3)无论广告多么吸引人，你都不应该采取有害的方式去减肥。
___________________________________________________，you should not adopt the harmful way to lose weight.
(4)无论他去哪里，他总会帮助那些处于困境中的人实现梦想，重拾生活信心。
_________________________________，he will always help those in need to realize their dreams and rebuild faith in life.
(5)孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的。
It is unwise ___________________________________.
返 回
However/No matter how attractive an advertisement is
Wherever/No matter where he goes
to give a child whatever he requests
训练5
1.The things that people did out of _______(贪婪) never cease to shock me.
2.The fire service was called out at midnight，but it turned out to be a _______(假的) alarm.
3.One of my students had his one _______(脚踝) injured when he was playing basketball.
4.Though very thin，the young lady likes _______(宽松的) clothes for being comfortable.
5._______(油炸的) food，which is popular in China，is now increasingly considered unhealthy due to its strong link to obesity.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
greed
false
ankle
loose
Fried
6.Unfortunately，the terrible accident caused his ______________ disability，leaving him to weep in despair.
7.I have given you the warning that it is unwise to _______ all your money in one company.
8.Don’t respond to any emails __________ personal identification，no matter how official they look.
9.Doctors are pushing for a ban on all _________ advertising because smoking is extremely harmful.
10.After examining a pile of evidence，the detective ___________ that the suspect had fled the scene before midnight.
permanent
invest
requesting
cigarette
concluded
1.The case was investigated again _____ the request of the Supreme Court.
2.She knew that，________ she decided，her family was right behind her.
3.It’s a challenge and the least _________(desire) properties are usually the most fun.
4.As a consequence of the treatment，he made a complete __________ (recover) at last.
5.Students were banned from _________(hang) out with the hooligans at night.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
at
whatever
desirable
recovery
hanging
6.Still，the law is ambiguous because it only _______(loose) defines what constitutes unlawful gambling.
7.They made the request that the problem _____________________ (discuss) as soon as possible.
8.In popular culture，those who defend freedom are regularly castigated as selfish and _______(greed).
9.There is no doubt that learning music will be ___________(benefit) to children throughout their lives.
loosely
(should) be discussed
greedy
beneficial
10.Faced with all kinds of information on the Internet，we can’t tell the difference between the true and the false，which may do harm ____ our study and life.
to
When couples have an argument about things like finances，jealousy，or other interpersonal issues，they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument.But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science.Alex Huynh，a doctoral candidate in psychology，is the lead author of the study，which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo，and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明思考未来有助于克服人际关系中的冲突，从而维持关系。
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解) of interpersonal struggles.Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future.Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend.One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future，while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants’ written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns—such as I，me，she，he.These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict.Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively，both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants’ focus on their feelings，and their reasoning strategies.As a result，participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether，especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict—reflecting on how one might feel a year from now—may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being，” said Huynh.
1.What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements
A.They lose faith in their future.
B.They focus on their present feelings.
C.They look forward to a fierce conflict.
D.They care more about financial problems.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When couples have...heated argument.”可知，面对大多数分歧，情侣会专注于他们现在的感受。故选B。
解析
2.What does the underlined word “induced” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A.Caused. B.Explained.
C.Reduced. D.Influenced.
√
词义猜测题。画线词所在句前文“Previous research has...of interpersonal struggles.”说明第三视角推理可以成为调解人际冲突的积极策略，从而推知画线词所在句“Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future(Huynh和他的合作者调查了是否仅仅通过思考未来，类似的好处就能被induced).”中画线词的意思是“产生，引起”。故选A。
解析
3.What were participants asked to do in the study
A.Argue with their romantic partners.
B.Examine their use of pronouns.
C.Respond to a text-analysis program.
D.Write down their feelings about a conflict.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Study participants were...feel in the present.”可知，在这项研究中，参与者被要求写下他们对冲突的感受。故选D。
解析
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.Reasoning properly is necessary for reconciliation.
B.Extending a year is a solution to your personal problems.
C.Thinking about future is helpful to relationship maintenance.
D.Focusing on current feelings is the real cause of your arguments.
√
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts”和最后一段中“Our study demonstrates...relationship well-being(我们的研究表明，在人际关系冲突的背景下，采用面向未来的视角——反思一年后自己的感受——可能是一种有价值的应对工具，有助于一个人的心理幸福感和人际关系幸福感)”可知，本文的主旨是思考未来有助于维持关系。故选C。
解析
Have you ever dealt with a simple misunderstanding that could have been resolved with more communication Effective communication is about expressing your feelings clearly and concisely while listening to another person’s body language and perspectives.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效沟通的重要性和一些基本的沟通技巧，以帮助人们更快、更平静地表达自己的观点。
Ⅳ.七选五
People with strong communication skills can build positive relationships. 1 The following basic tips can help you get your point across quickly and calmly.
A.Adjust your tone of voice to capture interest.
B.It may help to put yourself in the audience’s shoes.
C.They can also strengthen them and even solve conflicts.
D.Produce positive emotions using gentle facial expressions.
E.This can also help you identify and correct mistaken opinions.
F.This will help you stay on topic and be clear about your intention.
G.Be sure to pronounce clearly to avoid any kind of misunderstanding.
√
根据上文“People with strong communication skills can build positive relationships.”可知，沟通能力强的人能建立积极的关系。结合下文可知，设空处仍在讲沟通能力。选项C“他们还能够巩固这些关系，甚至解决冲突。”中的“also”表示递进，承接上文，其中的 “they”指代上文的people，“them”指代positive relationships，引出下文。 故选C。
解析
Organize your thoughts before speaking.Before you attempt to communicate ideas，organize your thoughts using key points.A good rule of thumb is to choose three main points to center your conversation around.
That way，you’ll be able to return to one or more of your points without feeling nervous.If possible，write your talking points down for reference. 2
A.Adjust your tone of voice to capture interest.
B.It may help to put yourself in the audience’s shoes.
C.They can also strengthen them and even solve conflicts.
D.Produce positive emotions using gentle facial expressions.
E.This can also help you identify and correct mistaken opinions.
F.This will help you stay on topic and be clear about your intention.
G.Be sure to pronounce clearly to avoid any kind of misunderstanding.
√
根据上文“If possible，write your talking points down for reference.”可知，上文建议读者将谈话要点写下来。选项F“这将帮助你紧扣主题，并明确你的意图。”中的“this”代指上文提到的写要点这一行为，说明这样做能帮助你紧扣主题，明确意图，与上文内容相符。故选F。
解析
Be clear and concise when speaking.Be clear about your goal so your message comes across in a way that every listener can understand.This requires using simpler words rather than more complex ones.
3 Therefore，you should speak at a volume level that is guaranteed to be heard，neither too quiet nor too loud.
A.Adjust your tone of voice to capture interest.
B.It may help to put yourself in the audience’s shoes.
C.They can also strengthen them and even solve conflicts.
D.Produce positive emotions using gentle facial expressions.
E.This can also help you identify and correct mistaken opinions.
F.This will help you stay on topic and be clear about your intention.
G.Be sure to pronounce clearly to avoid any kind of misunderstanding.
√
根据上文“Be clear about your goal so your message comes across in a way that every listener can understand.This requires using simpler words rather than more complex ones.”可知，上文讲述的是讲话要清晰简洁。选项G“一定要清晰地发音，以避免任何形式的误解。”进一步强调要发音清晰以避免误解，与上文在内容上一致。故选G。
解析
　4　 Dull voices may not always be pleasing to the ear，so good communicators use vocal color to enhance their message.
A.Adjust your tone of voice to capture interest.
B.It may help to put yourself in the audience’s shoes.
C.They can also strengthen them and even solve conflicts.
D.Produce positive emotions using gentle facial expressions.
E.This can also help you identify and correct mistaken opinions.
F.This will help you stay on topic and be clear about your intention.
G.Be sure to pronounce clearly to avoid any kind of misunderstanding.
√
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文可知，本段主要讲的是要调整语调来增强信息传达效果。选项A“调整你的语调以引起对方的兴趣。”与本段内容相符。故选A。
解析
Remember to raise the pitch and volume of your voice when you shift from one point to another.Increase your volume and slow the delivery whenever you raise a special point or are summing up.
Use positive body language signals. 5 Avoid negative facial expressions like frowns or raised eyebrows，as this may signal judgment.Be quick to identify unexpected behaviors，such as a clenched fist，slouched posture，or even silence.
A.Adjust your tone of voice to capture interest.
B.It may help to put yourself in the audience’s shoes.
C.They can also strengthen them and even solve conflicts.
D.Produce positive emotions using gentle facial expressions.
E.This can also help you identify and correct mistaken opinions.
F.This will help you stay on topic and be clear about your intention.
G.Be sure to pronounce clearly to avoid any kind of misunderstanding.
√
根据段首句“Use positive body language signals.(使用积极的肢体语言信号。)”可知，本段主题和积极的肢体语言相关。选项D“用温和的面部表情来产生积极的情绪。”提到用温和的面部表情产生积极情绪，属于积极的肢体语言信号，与主题相符。故选D。
解析
I was struggling 11 months after I left China to pursue a PhD in England.
Ⅴ.完形填空
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者刚到英国攻读博士学位时经历了孤独和挣扎，后来他通过社交活动和与导师的交流，逐渐认识到团队合作和与他人建立关系的重要性。
In the daytime，I kept myself 1 in my research.But at night I had to fight increasing 2 .
1.A.charged B.filled
C.buried D.defined
2.A.calmness B.excitement
C.anger D.loneliness
√
√
1.charge控告；fill填满；bury使陷入；define定义。根据上文“I was struggling 11 months after I left China to pursue a PhD”和下文“in my research”可知，作者为了攻读博士学位，埋头做研究；(be) buried in“埋头于，专心于”。故选C项。
2.calmness冷静；excitement兴奋；anger愤怒；loneliness孤独。根据下文“I turned to social media and even tried ‘talking’ to ChatGPT”可推知，作者感到孤独，所以试图用社交媒体和ChatGPT来排解孤独。故选D项。
解析
I turned to social media and even tried “talking” to ChatGPT，which 3 me for a few days.But when the novelty 4 I was back where I started.
3.A.detected B.delighted
C.facilitated D.integrated
4.A.faded away B.came off
C.got over D.turned over
√
√
3.detect发现；delight使高兴；facilitate促进；integrate整合。根据下文“novelty”可推知，一开始和ChatGPT对话确实给作者带来新鲜感，让作者感到快乐。故选B项。
4.fade away逐渐消失；come off脱落；get over克服；turn over翻转。根据下文“I was back where I started”可知，新鲜感消退了，作者回到原来的状态。故选A项。
解析
When colleagues invited me for a coffee chat or lunch，I 5 to feel the urgency to get back to my long list of research 6 ，not taking time to build relationships.
5.A.hesitated B.demanded
C.declined D.tended
6.A.capacities B.tasks
C.strategies D.consequences
√
√
5.hesitate犹豫；demand要求；decline下降，拒绝；tend倾向于，往往会。根据下文“not taking time to build relationships”可知，即便受到邀约，作者还是往往会感到迫切需要回到自己的研究上，而不是花时间社交；tend to do...“倾向于/往往会做某事”。故选D项。
6.capacity职位；task任务；strategy策略；consequence后果。根据上文可知，作者在英国攻读博士学位，所以他有很多研究任务要完成。故选B项。
解析
Eventually，my loneliness hit a breaking 7 .When I talked to my tutor about my feeling，she helped me see that 8 with the people around me would improve my state of mind.
7.A.occasion B.reputation
C.point D.reference
8.A.negotiating B.standing
C.responding D.engaging
√
√
7.occasion场合；reputation声誉；point点，阶段；reference参考。根据下文“When I talked to my tutor about my feeling”可知，作者开始向导师寻求心理帮助，说明他的孤独感达到了一个临界点；breaking point“临界点，极限”。故选C项。
8.negotiate谈判；stand站立；respond回应；engage参与，与……建立密切关系。根据下文“with the people around me”和“I began to chat with friends more”可知，导师建议作者多与周围的人交往；engage with“与……接触，与……交往”。故选D项。
解析
I began to chat with friends more and realized we were all dealing with 9 ，professionally and personally.
9.A.challenges B.principles
C.conflict D.freedom
√
challenge挑战；principle原则；conflict冲突；freedom自由。根据下文“teaming up with friends on common goals and challenges”可推知，作者发现朋友和自己一样，都面临挑战。故选A项。
解析
Life isn’t about convincing colleagues that I can do everything 10 ，but about teaming up with friends on common goals and challenges.
10.A.stubbornly B.responsibly
C.independently D.innocently
√
stubbornly固执地；responsibly负责地；independently独立地；innocently天真地。根据下文“but about teaming up with friends on common goals and challenges”可知，我们应该与朋友合作完成共同的目标，而不是向同事证明自己可以独立完成所有事情。故选C项。
解析
These days，I’m working not only on my research，but also try to book 11 with my friends for research discussion，and share 12 into social issues through coffee chats.
11.A.benefits B.appointments
C.tickets D.settlements
12.A.relief B.criticism
C.investigations D.insights
√
√
11.benefit好处；appointment预约；ticket票；settlement定居点。根据下文“with my friends for research discussion”可知，作者会预约和朋友进行研究讨论。故选B项。
12.relief轻松；criticism批评；investigation调查；insight见解。根据下文“into social issues through coffee chats”可知，作者会和朋友在咖啡时间分享对社会问题的见解。故选D项。
解析
I feel much more 13 when I come home with concrete memories and measurable milestones.
13.A.establishment B.perfection
C.inspiration D.assessment
√
establishment建立；perfection完美；inspiration灵感；assessment评估。根据下文“come home with concrete memories and measurable milestones”可推知，和朋友交流后带着具体回忆和可衡量的阶段性成果回家时，作者感到更有灵感了。故选C项。
解析
And cooperating with my colleagues has helped me overcome some 14 research challenges.
14.A.tough B.subjective
C.decent D.flexible
√
tough艰难的；subjective主观的；decent得体的；flexible灵活的。根据上文“overcome”和下文“challenges”可知，与同事的合作帮助作者克服艰难的研究挑战。故选A项。
解析
The nights are still as 15 as before，but I have seen the bright light in the day.I feel content to lie down and rest so I’m prepared for tomorrow’s new adventure.
15.A.boring B.long
C.remarkable D.agreeable
√
boring无聊的；long长的；remarkable显著的；agreeable令人愉快的。根据下文“as before”并结合上文提到以前作者在晚上感到孤独可知，夜晚未变，仍然很长，但是现在作者已经可以安然休息。故选B项。
解析
Luzhou Wood Carving mainly started in Baohe District of Hefei.It is a folk art 1._____________ mixes Dongyang wood carving and Huizhou wood carving，and it has great decorative and artistic value.
Ⅵ.语法填空
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安徽省泸州木雕工艺。
that/which
考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是folk art，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
解析
As early as the Ming Dynasty，a number of folk artists 2.__________
(perform) wood carvings appeared in Hefei.
performing
考查非谓语动词。动词perform与前面的名词artists构成主谓关系，表示主动意义，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填performing。
解析
By the middle of the Qing Dynasty，wood carving became 3.____ unique traditional handcraft among people.However,4. the rapid development of our country，this traditional craft of slow and delicate work has been gradually neglected.
a
3.考查冠词。此处泛指“一种独特的传统手工艺”，且空后unique发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
4.考查介词。固定短语with the development of表示“随着……的发展”。故填with。
解析
with
Having one rough wood 5. (make) into an attractive wood carving artwork should go through a series of complex procedures，including modeling，carving and polishing.In order to create a perfect artwork，artists should devote 6. (they) to their works.
made
5.考查非谓语动词。前面的wood与make之间构成动宾关系，表示被动意义，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填made。
6.考查代词。固定短语devote oneself to“献身于”，主语是artists，应用反身代词themselves。故填 themselves。
解析
themselves
In terms of art technique，sculpture and traditional Chinese painting elements are combined together 7. (improve) the three-dimensional sense and fluency of wood carving works.
to improve
考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表示将雕塑和中国传统绘画元素结合在一起的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to improve。
解析
As for the content selection，the themes are 8. (main) on history，folk customs and scenery.Through a series of carving 9._______________
(technique) such as low relief(浮雕)，deep relief and empty carving，vivid wood carving works are portrayed.
mainly
8.考查副词。此处修饰系动词are，应用副词mainly“主要地”，作状语。故填mainly。
9.考查名词复数。根据前面的a series of和后面的such as列举的内容可知，不止一种技巧，应用名词复数形式。故填techniques。
解析
techniques
Luzhou Wood Carving 10. (list) into the Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage project in 2013.
was listed
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Luzhou Wood Carving是谓语动词动作list的承受者，应用被动语态；由in 2013可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was listed。
解析
返 回
本课结束Section Ⅵ　Reading Club
Ⅰ.Read Reading Club 1 on P43 and choose the best answer.
1．Why was Terri Schiavo’s husband involved in a legal case
A．He ended his wife’s life deliberately.
B．He refused to take care of his sick wife.
C．His parents-in-law charged him with murdering their daughter.
D．He wanted to take off his wife’s life support machines after a 15 years’ coma.
答案　D
2．What can we know according to the passage
A．Terri Schiavo fell into a coma because of a robbery.
B．The longer one is in a coma，the less likely he is to recover.
C．If the coma is not severe，the patient will surely progress well.
D．Coma patients can just sleep，not moving or making any sound.
答案　B
3．What attitude may the author take to removing the life support machine in this case
A．Tolerant.
B．Skeptical.
C．Indifferent.
D．Ambiguous.
答案　A
Ⅱ.Read Reading Club 2 on P44－45 and choose the best answer.
1．What is the function of paragraph 1
A．To attract the readers.
B．To introduce the topic of the passage.
C．To show how unlucky you are.
D．To describe the background.
答案　B
2．Why did Roslyn Darch sue the furniture store
A．Because she tripped over in the store and got injured.
B．Because the store didn’t control the child.
C．Because she missed a job opportunity.
D．Because she wanted to get a large amount of money.
答案　A
3．Who might be the biggest winner in those cases according to the author
A．The persons who sue.
B．The victims of the cases.
C．The lawyers who get involved in the cases.
D．The sides who are charged.
答案　C
4．How is the passage mainly developed
A．By comparison.
B．By listing examples.
C．By citing statistics.
D．By giving explanations.
答案　B
ban vt.禁止，取缔n.禁令，禁止
·ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事
ban doing sth禁止做某事
·a ban on对……的禁令
·表示“禁止某人做某事”的短语：
prohibit/forbid sb from doing sth
forbid sb to do sth
(1)Referring to conflicts with others，we ban using(use) violence to solve them.
(2)When the two countries were at war，civilians were banned from crossing the border anyhow.
(3)While the government has issued a ban on plastic bags，people are still using large quantities of them.
[写作佳句]
(4)为了创建更干净的环境，每个人都被禁止随地乱扔垃圾。(话题写作之环境保护)
①To create cleaner surroundings，everyone is banned from littering everywhere.(ban)
②To create cleaner surroundings，everyone is forbidden from littering/to litter everywhere.
(forbid)
harm vt.伤害 n．损害，危害(harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的)
·do harm to sb/sth＝do sb/sth harm对某人/某物有害
There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth.(某人)做某事无害/不妨做某事。
·be harmful to...对……有害
(1)A group of moving elephants make people scared，although they are harmless(harm)．
[写作佳句]
(2)不言而喻，污染对生活在这个城市里的每一个人的健康都有害处，更不用说对环境的破坏了。
It goes without saying that pollution does harm to/is harmful to the health of everyone living in the city，not to mention the damage to the environment.
(3)既然你已经意识到了你的错误，你不妨先向他道歉。
Now that you have realized your mistakes，there is no harm in your apologising to him first.
conclude vt.作出结论，推断出(conclusion n．结论；结束)
·conclude (from...) that...(从……中)推断/总结出……
conclude (sth) with...以……结束(……)
to conclude总而言之，最后
·in conclusion总而言之，最后
come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论
(1)Each time on the closing ceremony of the annual meeting we would conclude it with a chorus.
(2)They came to a conclusion that it was a thief that had stolen their diamond necklace.
[写作佳句]
(3)我从自己的经历中得出结论：“在生活这片波涛汹涌的大海中，家庭就是一件救生衣。”(读后续写之亲情升华句)
①I concluded from my own experience，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclude)
②I came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from my own experience，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.”(conclusion)
(4)总之，你的切实可行的建议一定可以使我们的关于中国传统文化的主题班会吸引更多的外国人。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)
To conclude/In conclusion，your practical suggestions are bound to make our theme class meeting about traditional Chinese cultures appeal to more foreigners.
beneficial adj.有利的，有用的，有帮助的(benefit vt.使受益 vi.得益于 n．好处，益处)
·be beneficial to...对……有益
·benefit sb对某人有好处
benefit from...从……受益
·be of benefit to...对……有好处
for the benefit of...为了……的利益
(1)Forgiveness is a virtue，which is beneficial(benefit) to our physical and mental health.
(2)As we all know，books are the source of knowledge，from which we benefit a lot.
(3)All representatives put forward many practical problems for the benefit of common people.
[写作佳句]
(4)Hopefully，my above-mentioned suggestions can benefit you，and I am firmly convinced that all the difficulties can be settled properly.
→Hopefully，my above-mentioned suggestions can be beneficial to you，and I am firmly convinced that all the difficulties can be settled properly.(beneficial adj.)
→Hopefully，my above-mentioned suggestions can be of benefit to you，and I am firmly convinced that all the difficulties can be settled properly.(benefit n．)
→Hopefully，you can benefit from my above-mentioned suggestions，and I am firmly convinced that all the difficulties can be settled properly.(benefit vi.)
recovery n．康复，痊愈；失而复得(recover v．痊愈；恢复；重新获得)
·make a recovery from...从……中恢复过来
·recover from...从……中恢复过来
recover oneself镇定下来；清醒过来
(1)It can take many years for her to recover from the pain of losing a loved one.
(2)There is no denying that a happy mood can certainly contribute to patients’ recovery(recover)．
[写作佳句]
(3)我真诚地希望你很快从疾病中完全康复。(应用文写作之安慰信)
①I sincerely hope that you will make a complete recovery from the disease soon.(recovery)
②I sincerely hope that you will completely recover from the disease soon.(recover)
(4)哭了大约半个小时后，她逐渐平静下来。(读后续写之情感描写)
After weeping for about half an hour，she gradually recovered herself.
request n．& vt.请求，要求
·make a request for...请求/要求……
at one’s request＝at the request of sb应某人的要求
·request sb to do sth要求某人做某事
request that sb (should) do sth要求某人做某事
It is requested that...按照要求……
(1)The boy made a request for a new toy，saying it would contribute to his recovery from the cold.
(2)At the request of the public，the pianist played his representative work again.
(3)The police requested that both sides (should) cease(cease) violence，or they would be arrested.
[写作佳句]
(4)请全体学生参加今晚六点半在学校礼堂举行的校庆活动。(应用文写作之通知)
All the students are requested to attend the celebration of the school anniversary in the school hall at 6：30 this evening.
(5)老师要求学生们为即将到来的考试做好充分的准备。
①The teacher requested the students to be well prepared for the coming exam.(不定式作宾补)
②The teacher requested that the students(should) be well prepared for the coming exam.(宾语从句)
③It is requested by the teacher that the students(should) be well prepared for the coming exam.(it作形式主语)
whatever引导让步状语从句
Whatever you think，the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading，and it will affect all of us.(P44，Para.3)
不论你怎么想，近几年出现的赔偿文化正在扩展，而且它会影响到我们所有的人。
结构分析：本句中的Whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what，意为“不管怎么样，不论是什么”。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
用法相同的还有whoever/whomever(不管是谁)，whichever(不管哪一个)，wherever(不管在哪儿)，however(无论多么)，whenever(不论何时)；其中whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever还可以引导名词性从句。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
(1)不论我们将来做什么，都要保持信心，尽最大努力去做。
Whatever/No matter what we do in the future，we must keep confident and try our best.
(2)无论你何时需要帮助，我希望你能够毫不犹豫地联系我。
Whenever/No matter when you need help，I hope that you can get in touch with me without hesitation.
(3)无论广告多么吸引人，你都不应该采取有害的方式去减肥。
However/No matter how attractive an advertisement is，you should not adopt the harmful way to lose weight.
(4)无论他去哪里，他总会帮助那些处于困境中的人实现梦想，重拾生活信心。
Wherever/No matter where he goes，he will always help those in need to realize their dreams and rebuild faith in life.
(5)孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的。
It is unwise to give a child whatever he requests.
训练5　Reading Club
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．The things that people did out of greed(贪婪) never cease to shock me.
2．The fire service was called out at midnight，but it turned out to be a false(假的) alarm.
3．One of my students had his one ankle(脚踝) injured when he was playing basketball.
4．Though very thin，the young lady likes loose(宽松的) clothes for being comfortable.
5．Fried(油炸的) food，which is popular in China，is now increasingly considered unhealthy due to its strong link to obesity.
6．Unfortunately，the terrible accident caused his permanent disability，leaving him to weep in despair.
7．I have given you the warning that it is unwise to invest all your money in one company.
8．Don’t respond to any emails requesting personal identification，no matter how official they look.
9．Doctors are pushing for a ban on all cigarette advertising because smoking is extremely harmful.
10．After examining a pile of evidence，the detective concluded that the suspect had fled the scene before midnight.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．The case was investigated again at the request of the Supreme Court.
2．She knew that，whatever she decided，her family was right behind her.
3．It’s a challenge and the least desirable(desire) properties are usually the most fun.
4．As a consequence of the treatment，he made a complete recovery(recover) at last.
5．Students were banned from hanging hang out with the hooligans at night.
6．Still，the law is ambiguous because it only loosely(loose) defines what constitutes unlawful gambling.
7．They made the request that the problem (should) be discussed(discuss) as soon as possible.
8．In popular culture，those who defend freedom are regularly castigated as selfish and greedy(greed)．
9．There is no doubt that learning music will be beneficial(benefit) to children throughout their lives.
10．Faced with all kinds of information on the Internet，we can’t tell the difference between the true and the false，which may do harm to our study and life.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
When couples have an argument about things like finances，jealousy，or other interpersonal issues，they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument.But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science.Alex Huynh，a doctoral candidate in psychology，is the lead author of the study，which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo，and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解) of interpersonal struggles.Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future.Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend.One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future，while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants’ written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns—such as I，me，she，he.These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict.Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively，both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants’ focus on their feelings，and their reasoning strategies.As a result，participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether，especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict—reflecting on how one might feel a year from now—may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being，” said Huynh.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明思考未来有助于克服人际关系中的冲突，从而维持关系。
1．What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements
A．They lose faith in their future.
B．They focus on their present feelings.
C．They look forward to a fierce conflict.
D．They care more about financial problems.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“When couples have...heated argument.”可知，面对大多数分歧，情侣会专注于他们现在的感受。故选B。
2．What does the underlined word “induced” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Caused. B．Explained.
C．Reduced. D．Influenced.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。画线词所在句前文“Previous research has...of interpersonal struggles.”说明第三视角推理可以成为调解人际冲突的积极策略，从而推知画线词所在句“Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future(Huynh和他的合作者调查了是否仅仅通过思考未来，类似的好处就能被induced)．”中画线词的意思是“产生，引起”。故选A。
3．What were participants asked to do in the study
A．Argue with their romantic partners.
B．Examine their use of pronouns.
C．Respond to a text-analysis program.
D．Write down their feelings about a conflict.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Study participants were...feel in the present.”可知，在这项研究中，参与者被要求写下他们对冲突的感受。故选D。
4．What is the main idea of the text
A．Reasoning properly is necessary for reconciliation.
B．Extending a year is a solution to your personal problems.
C．Thinking about future is helpful to relationship maintenance.
D．Focusing on current feelings is the real cause of your arguments.
答案　C
解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts”和最后一段中“Our study demonstrates...relationship well-being(我们的研究表明，在人际关系冲突的背景下，采用面向未来的视角——反思一年后自己的感受——可能是一种有价值的应对工具，有助于一个人的心理幸福感和人际关系幸福感)”可知，本文的主旨是思考未来有助于维持关系。故选C。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Have you ever dealt with a simple misunderstanding that could have been resolved with more communication Effective communication is about expressing your feelings clearly and concisely while listening to another person’s body language and perspectives.People with strong communication skills can build positive relationships. 1 The following basic tips can help you get your point across quickly and calmly.
Organize your thoughts before speaking.Before you attempt to communicate ideas，organize your thoughts using key points.A good rule of thumb is to choose three main points to center your conversation around.That way，you’ll be able to return to one or more of your points without feeling nervous.If possible，write your talking points down for reference. 2
Be clear and concise when speaking.Be clear about your goal so your message comes across in a way that every listener can understand.This requires using simpler words rather than more complex ones. 3 Therefore，you should speak at a volume level that is guaranteed to be heard，neither too quiet nor too loud.
　4　 Dull voices may not always be pleasing to the ear，so good communicators use vocal color to enhance their message.Remember to raise the pitch and volume of your voice when you shift from one point to another.Increase your volume and slow the delivery whenever you raise a special point or are summing up.
Use positive body language signals. 5 Avoid negative facial expressions like frowns or raised eyebrows，as this may signal judgment.Be quick to identify unexpected behaviors，such as a clenched fist，slouched posture，or even silence.
A．Adjust your tone of voice to capture interest.
B．It may help to put yourself in the audience’s shoes.
C．They can also strengthen them and even solve conflicts.
D．Produce positive emotions using gentle facial expressions.
E．This can also help you identify and correct mistaken opinions.
F．This will help you stay on topic and be clear about your intention.
G．Be sure to pronounce clearly to avoid any kind of misunderstanding.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有效沟通的重要性和一些基本的沟通技巧，以帮助人们更快、更平静地表达自己的观点。
1．答案　C
解析　根据上文“People with strong communication skills can build positive relationships.”可知，沟通能力强的人能建立积极的关系。结合下文可知，设空处仍在讲沟通能力。选项C“他们还能够巩固这些关系，甚至解决冲突。”中的“also”表示递进，承接上文，其中的 “they”指代上文的people，“them”指代positive relationships，引出下文。 故选C。
2．答案　F
解析　根据上文“If possible，write your talking points down for reference.”可知，上文建议读者将谈话要点写下来。选项F“这将帮助你紧扣主题，并明确你的意图。”中的“this”代指上文提到的写要点这一行为，说明这样做能帮助你紧扣主题，明确意图，与上文内容相符。故选F。
3．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Be clear about your goal so your message comes across in a way that every listener can understand.This requires using simpler words rather than more complex ones.”可知，上文讲述的是讲话要清晰简洁。选项G“一定要清晰地发音，以避免任何形式的误解。”进一步强调要发音清晰以避免误解，与上文在内容上一致。故选G。
4．答案　A
解析　空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文可知，本段主要讲的是要调整语调来增强信息传达效果。选项A“调整你的语调以引起对方的兴趣。”与本段内容相符。故选A。
5．答案　D
解析　根据段首句“Use positive body language signals.(使用积极的肢体语言信号。)”可知，本段主题和积极的肢体语言相关。选项D“用温和的面部表情来产生积极的情绪。”提到用温和的面部表情产生积极情绪，属于积极的肢体语言信号，与主题相符。故选D。
Ⅴ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
I was struggling 11 months after I left China to pursue a PhD in England.In the daytime，I kept myself 1 in my research.But at night I had to fight increasing 2 .I turned to social media and even tried “talking” to ChatGPT，which 3 me for a few days.But when the novelty 4 I was back where I started.
When colleagues invited me for a coffee chat or lunch，I 5 to feel the urgency to get back to my long list of research 6 ，not taking time to build relationships.Eventually，my loneliness hit a breaking 7 .When I talked to my tutor about my feeling，she helped me see that 8 with the people around me would improve my state of mind.I began to chat with friends more and realized we were all dealing with 9 ，professionally and personally.Life isn’t about convincing colleagues that I can do everything 10 ，but about teaming up with friends on common goals and challenges.
These days，I’m working not only on my research，but also try to book 11 with my friends for research discussion，and share 12 into social issues through coffee chats.I feel much more 13 when I come home with concrete memories and measurable milestones.And cooperating with my colleagues has helped me overcome some 14 research challenges.
The nights are still as 15 as before，but I have seen the bright light in the day.I feel content to lie down and rest so I’m prepared for tomorrow’s new adventure.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者刚到英国攻读博士学位时经历了孤独和挣扎，后来他通过社交活动和与导师的交流，逐渐认识到团队合作和与他人建立关系的重要性。
1．A.charged B．filled
C．buried D．defined
答案　C
解析　charge控告；fill填满；bury使陷入；define定义。根据上文“I was struggling 11 months after I left China to pursue a PhD”和下文“in my research”可知，作者为了攻读博士学位，埋头做研究；(be) buried in“埋头于，专心于”。故选C项。
2．A.calmness B．excitement
C．anger D．loneliness
答案　D
解析　calmness冷静；excitement兴奋；anger愤怒；loneliness孤独。根据下文“I turned to social media and even tried ‘talking’ to ChatGPT”可推知，作者感到孤独，所以试图用社交媒体和ChatGPT来排解孤独。故选D项。
3．A.detected B．delighted
C．facilitated D．integrated
答案　B
解析　detect发现；delight使高兴；facilitate促进；integrate整合。根据下文“novelty”可推知，一开始和ChatGPT对话确实给作者带来新鲜感，让作者感到快乐。故选B项。
4．A.faded away B．came off
C．got over D．turned over
答案　A
解析　fade away逐渐消失；come off脱落；get over克服；turn over翻转。根据下文“I was back where I started”可知，新鲜感消退了，作者回到原来的状态。故选A项。
5．A.hesitated B．demanded
C．declined D．tended
答案　D
解析　hesitate犹豫；demand要求；decline下降，拒绝；tend倾向于，往往会。根据下文“not taking time to build relationships”可知，即便受到邀约，作者还是往往会感到迫切需要回到自己的研究上，而不是花时间社交；tend to do...“倾向于/往往会做某事”。故选D项。
6．A.capacities B．tasks
C．strategies D．consequences
答案　B
解析　capacity职位；task任务；strategy策略；consequence后果。根据上文可知，作者在英国攻读博士学位，所以他有很多研究任务要完成。故选B项。
7．A.occasion B．reputation
C．point D．reference
答案　C
解析　occasion场合；reputation声誉；point点，阶段；reference参考。根据下文“When I talked to my tutor about my feeling”可知，作者开始向导师寻求心理帮助，说明他的孤独感达到了一个临界点；breaking point“临界点，极限”。故选C项。
8．A.negotiating B．standing
C．responding D．engaging
答案　D
解析　negotiate谈判；stand站立；respond回应；engage参与，与……建立密切关系。根据下文“with the people around me”和“I began to chat with friends more”可知，导师建议作者多与周围的人交往；engage with“与……接触，与……交往”。故选D项。
9．A.challenges B．principles
C．conflict D．freedom
答案　A
解析　challenge挑战；principle原则；conflict冲突；freedom自由。根据下文“teaming up with friends on common goals and challenges”可推知，作者发现朋友和自己一样，都面临挑战。故选A项。
10．A.stubbornly B．responsibly
C．independently D．innocently
答案　C
解析　stubbornly固执地；responsibly负责地；independently独立地；innocently天真地。根据下文“but about teaming up with friends on common goals and challenges”可知，我们应该与朋友合作完成共同的目标，而不是向同事证明自己可以独立完成所有事情。故选C项。
11．A.benefits B．appointments
C．tickets D．settlements
答案　B
解析　benefit好处；appointment预约；ticket票；settlement定居点。根据下文“with my friends for research discussion”可知，作者会预约和朋友进行研究讨论。故选B项。
12．A.relief B．criticism
C．investigations D．insights
答案　D
解析　relief轻松；criticism批评；investigation调查；insight见解。根据下文“into social issues through coffee chats”可知，作者会和朋友在咖啡时间分享对社会问题的见解。故选D项。
13．A.establishment B．perfection
C．inspiration D．assessment
答案　C
解析　establishment建立；perfection完美；inspiration灵感；assessment评估。根据下文“come home with concrete memories and measurable milestones”可推知，和朋友交流后带着具体回忆和可衡量的阶段性成果回家时，作者感到更有灵感了。故选C项。
14．A.tough B．subjective
C．decent D．flexible
答案　A
解析　tough艰难的；subjective主观的；decent得体的；flexible灵活的。根据上文“overcome”和下文“challenges”可知，与同事的合作帮助作者克服艰难的研究挑战。故选A项。
15．A.boring B．long
C．remarkable D．agreeable
答案　B
解析　boring无聊的；long长的；remarkable显著的；agreeable令人愉快的。根据下文“as before”并结合上文提到以前作者在晚上感到孤独可知，夜晚未变，仍然很长，但是现在作者已经可以安然休息。故选B项。
Ⅵ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Luzhou Wood Carving mainly started in Baohe District of Hefei.It is a folk art 1._________ mixes Dongyang wood carving and Huizhou wood carving，and it has great decorative and artistic value.
As early as the Ming Dynasty，a number of folk artists 2. (perform) wood carvings appeared in Hefei.By the middle of the Qing Dynasty，wood carving became 3.__________ unique traditional handcraft among people.However,4. the rapid development of our country，this traditional craft of slow and delicate work has been gradually neglected.
Having one rough wood 5. (make) into an attractive wood carving artwork should go through a series of complex procedures，including modeling，carving and polishing.In order to create a perfect artwork，artists should devote 6. (they) to their works.
In terms of art technique，sculpture and traditional Chinese painting elements are combined together 7. (improve) the three-dimensional sense and fluency of wood carving works.As for the content selection，the themes are 8. (main) on history，folk customs and scenery.Through a series of carving 9. (technique) such as low relief(浮雕)，deep relief and empty carving，vivid wood carving works are portrayed.
Luzhou Wood Carving 10. (list) into the Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage project in 2013.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安徽省泸州木雕工艺。
1．答案　that/which
解析　考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是folk art，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
2．答案　performing
解析　考查非谓语动词。动词perform与前面的名词artists构成主谓关系，表示主动意义，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填performing。
3．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。此处泛指“一种独特的传统手工艺”，且空后unique发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
4．答案　with
解析　考查介词。固定短语with the development of表示“随着……的发展”。故填with。
5．答案　made
解析　考查非谓语动词。前面的wood与make之间构成动宾关系，表示被动意义，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填made。
6．答案　themselves
解析　考查代词。固定短语devote oneself to“献身于”，主语是artists，应用反身代词themselves。故填 themselves。
7．答案　to improve
解析　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表示将雕塑和中国传统绘画元素结合在一起的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to improve。
8．答案　mainly
解析　考查副词。此处修饰系动词are，应用副词mainly“主要地”，作状语。故填mainly。
9．答案　techniques
解析　考查名词复数。根据前面的a series of和后面的such as列举的内容可知，不止一种技巧，应用名词复数形式。故填techniques。
10．答案　was listed
解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Luzhou Wood Carving是谓语动词动作list的承受者，应用被动语态；由in 2013可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时；主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was listed。

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