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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
8B Unit6 单元核心语法精练（It’s +adj+of/for...+to do的用法）
目录
TOC \o "1-2" \h \u HYPERLINK \l "_Toc5143" A 考点概览·知识回顾 1
0
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc13282" C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 12
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc19765" 题型一 语法填空 12
题型二 阅读理解 15
★句型一：It is + adjective + to do something.
We use “It is+adj.+to-infinitive” to express what we think about something.含义：“做某事是……的”。 如：
It’s important to plant more trees.
It’s necessary to keep parks clean.
注意：该句型中的形容词表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。常用的形容词有：cheap, convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, exciting, expensive, important, interesting, necessary, normal, possible, useful, wonderful等等。
★句型二：It is + adjective + for sb. + to do sth.
We use “It is+adj.+for…+to-infinitive” to specify who we are talking about.含义：“对某人来说做某事是……的”
It’s important for people to learn good manners.
It’s dangerous for children to play on the street.
注意：该句型中的形容词也是表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况，和句型一相同。
★句型三：It is + adjective + of sb. + to do sth.
We use “It is+adj.+of…+to-infinitive” to express what we think of someone’s actions.含义：“某人做某事真是/太……了”。如：
It is very nice of you to offer me a seat.
It is careless of him to lose so many things.
注意：该句型中的形容词描述的是人的特征、品质。常用的形容词有：brave, careless, clever, foolish, generous, good, helpful, honest, kind, nice, polite, silly, stupid, wrong等等。
一、单项选择
1．It is typical ________ him ________.
A．for; to forget B．of; to forget C．for; forgetting D．of; forgetting
2．It's important ________ the government ________ basic education for children.
A．of; to provide B．of; provide C．for; to provide D．for; to providing
3．________ our duty ________ the classroom clean.
A．It’s; keep B．That’s; to keep C．It’s; to keep D．It’s; keeping
4．—Have you heard of the boy in Yinchuan Foreign Language School
—Yes. It is brave ________ him ________ his classmate from the earthquake.
A．of; to save B．of; save C．for; to save D．for; save
5．It’s ________ of you to provide the poor ________ food and money when they’re in need.
A．important; for B．nice; with C．meaningful; for D．impolite; with
6．To improve our English, it’s important for us ________ it in our daily life.
A．practise using B．to practising using
C．to practise using D．practising using
7．It’s really kind ________ the students ________ a charity sale for the homeless cats.
A．for; to organize B．for; organizing C．of; to organize D．of; organizing
8．—Look at the rubbish. It’s careless ________ you ________ it here.
—Sorry. I will pick it up right away.
A．of; to leave B．for; to leave C．of; leaving D．for; leaving
9．It’s dishonest ________ him ________ low-quality goods to customers.
A．for, selling B．for, to sell C．of, selling D．of, to sell
10．It’s ______ to finish the work in such a short time. We need more help.
A．different B．important C．impossible D．necessary
11．It’s important ________ a foreign language.
A．of us to learn B．for us to learn
C．of us learning D．for us learning
12．It’s generous ________ him to donate money to the poor. It’s really meaningful ________ us students to learn from him.
A．of; of B．for; for C．for; of D．of; for
13．It is cruel ________ those hunters ________ elephants just for their ivory.
A．of, to kill B．for, killing C．for, to kill D．of, killing
14．It’s very nice ________ you to say so.
A．of B．for C．with D．to
15．It is important ________ more vegetables and fruit at home.
A．eat B．eating C．eats D．to eat
16．—It’s polite ________ Chen Dan to offer his seat to the elderly when taking a bus.
—Yes. I think it’s necessary ________ us to learn from him.
A．for; for B．for; of C．of; of D．of; for
17．It is necessary _________ people to have food and water every day.
A．about B．with C．of D．for
18．It is kind ________ the young man ________ blood to people in need.
A．for; to donate B．of; donating
C．of; to donate D．for; donating
19．It is very dangerous __________ children to cross the busy street.
A．of B．by C．on D．for
20．It’s best ________ Hainan in winter.
A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．to visiting
二、完成句子
21．保持校园干净整洁是我们的责任。
It’s keep our schoolyard clean and tidy.
22．从植物上拽掉叶子是不对的。
leaves off plants.
23．一开始，找到食物和水来维持生存是很困难的。
At the beginning, difficult for people food and water to stay alive.
24．对于青少年来说，了解广彩很有教育意义。
teenagers to know the Guangzhou colored porcelain.
25．对于我们来说，参加这个项目很有意义。
meaningful us take part in the project.
26．It’s, to, see, exciting, the huge glass ball, through, darkness, the, falling
.
27．the, do something for, meaningful, it, to, Olympic Games, is
.
28．在运动时穿运动鞋是很有必要的。
It’s wear sports shoes when doing sports.
29．Becoming a famous runner is not easy. (改为同义句)
not easy to become a famous runner.
30．学习好的礼仪对孩子来说是很重要的。
good manners.
题型一 语法填空
Each country has many kinds of people who volunteer 1 (take) care of others. For example, some high school and university students in America often spend many hours 2 (do) volunteers in hospitals or old people’s homes. They read books to the people there, or they just visit them or listen to 3 (they) problems.
Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick. They clean up or do the shopping. For boys who don’t have fathers, there is an organization 4 (call) Big Brothers. University students and other people take these boys to baseball games and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn 5 their fathers.
Each city 6 (have) a lot of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or take part in other activities. Some of these clubs show movies or have short trips to the mountains, the 7 (beach) or the museums. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and university students as volunteers 8 they are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls much 9 (easy).
Volunteers believe that 10 happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.
根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，或在横线上填入一个合适的词，使短文语义通顺，语法完整。请将答案写在答题卡上。
Volunteering (志愿) is becoming popular now. Have you ever 1 (take) part in voluntary work You could work with groups to pick up something dirty, help to teach kids or feed people without homes. People will thank you 2 your work.
Volunteering doesn't just help those groups. You can also improve 3 (you). When you volunteer, you can make friends, learn something 4 (use) and experience many meaningful things.
Volunteering helps with your body and mind. When you volunteer, you’ll become 5 (friend) than before. So if you don't have enough friends now, be 6 volunteer. You’ll meet people who can share your interests and feelings. Voluntary work will mean a lot to you. That’s 7 your work makes a difference (影响) to someone’s life.
After you join a group and decide 8 (be) a volunteer, someone may give you lessons on how to be a good volunteer. I think you will enjoy 9 (help) others in need. Maybe you will teach new volunteers one day.
Although you never 10 (appear) at some voluntary work before, it’s not late to start from now on.
题型二 阅读理解
Does your school have charity sales Our school had one a few days ago. Students brought many things for the sale. There were novels, magazines, toys, cartoon posters and beautiful candles. Most things were almost brand-new. Many students and teachers bought things at the sale. Wu Zhongyue, a Grade 8 student, found that novels for kids were much cheaper. Four copies written by Zheng Yuanjie cost her 10 yuan. Pan Liqi spent 20 yuan on posters and hoped the money would go to poor kids. At last the sale raised about 6,000 yuan.
The purpose of the sale is to help the children in Africa. Every day hundreds of them die because they have diseases or don’t have enough food to eat. First, there is no work for the children’s parents, so they have no money to buy food or medicine. Second, the governments in many African countries are too poor to care for the poor. The land and the weather are bad for farming. There are many organizations trying to help these poor people. The organization we are trying to help, the Feed Africa Fund, spends millions of dollars every year on food for poor people in Africa. This money comes from people like you—kind, generous people who do not want to see children die from hunger.
1．At the sale, Wu Zhongyue bought ________.
A．toys B．magazines C．novels D．cartoon posters
2．The underlined word “brand-new” in the passage means “________”.
A．全新的 B．半新的 C．新品牌 D．破旧的
3．What do the African children need most according to the passage
A．Books and food. B．Food and medicine.
C．Medicine and books. D．Food and toys.
4．The money we raised at the sale will go to ________.
A．the Red Cross B．the Project Hope
C．the Feed Africa Fund D．African governments
Charity is important. Not only because it can change people’s lives, but also because it can change the world. By giving to charities, we can help those less lucky and support causes (事业) we believe in. Whether you’re looking for a way to give back or just want to learn more about the work of charities, this post is for you.
A charity is an organization that helps people or communities in need. A charity may raise money from common people, companies and governments. Charities usually work on certain areas such as health care, education, disaster relief, and so on.
Charities provide services that are important to people in need: food banks provide food to hungry families; churches help people find cheap places to live in; hospitals provide free basic care to low-income patients; animal charities save homeless pets from certain death and find them new homes... The list is endless. They help improve the lives of millions of people every day.
Charities are good for you too. Helping others is good for your health and well-being. Volunteering for charities makes you feel like you’re making a difference and contributing, which in turn builds a sense of community and reduces loneliness. Volunteering for a charity can also help develop a sense of purpose, build friendships or improve social networks, and increase self-confidence.
Charities don’t just help people. There are also many charities that protect the environment and conserve natural resources. The Nature Conservancy, for example, is a global conservation organization that works to preserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has been working for more than 50 years to protect endangered species and their habitats.
Charities play an important role in our society. They provide vital services to millions of people every day and play an important role in our economy.
1．Who is this article written for
A．People in need of help. B．People working for charities.
C．People interested in charity work. D．People planning to raise money.
2．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．What charities are. B．How charities help people in need.
C．Why people give money to charities. D．Where people find information about charities.
3．Which picture best shows the structure of the article
A． B．
C． D．
4．Why did the writer write this article
A．To ask people to learn more about WWF. B．To show charities’ responsibility for nature.
C．To call for people to help with voluntary work. D．To explain the importance and roles of charities.
一、单项选择
1．It is typical ________ him ________.
A．for; to forget B．of; to forget C．for; forgetting D．of; forgetting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他一贯爱忘事。
考查介词和非谓语动词。for为了；to forget忘记，不定式；of属于……的；forgetting动名词或现在分词。“It is typical of sb. to do sth.”是一个固定句型，意思是“做某事是某人的典型特征”，其中“of sb.”用来表示某人具有某种性格、品质等，“to do sth.”是真正的主语。故选B。
2．It's important ________ the government ________ basic education for children.
A．of; to provide B．of; provide C．for; to provide D．for; to providing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：政府为儿童提供基础教育是很重要的。
考查介词和非谓语动词。句型It is+adj.+of/for sb.+to do sth.表示“做……对某人而言是……的”，如果形容词是描述人的品质的，要用介词of；若形容词描写事物性质，则用for；形容词“important”与事物性质相关，介词应用for。to后接动词原形，而不是动名词。故选C。
3．________ our duty ________ the classroom clean.
A．It’s; keep B．That’s; to keep C．It’s; to keep D．It’s; keeping
【答案】C
【详解】句意：保持教室干净是我们的责任。
考查it作形式主语和非谓语动词。It’s它是；That’s那是；keep保持，动词原形；to keep保持，动词不定式；keeping保持，动名词或现在分词。根据“... our duty ... the classroom clean.”可知，该句使用了句型“It’s one’s duty to do sth.”表示“做某事是某人的责任”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故选C。
4．—Have you heard of the boy in Yinchuan Foreign Language School
—Yes. It is brave ________ him ________ his classmate from the earthquake.
A．of; to save B．of; save C．for; to save D．for; save
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你听说过银川外国语学校的那个男孩吗？——听说过。他真是太勇敢了，在地震中救了他的同学。
考查固定句型。“It is+形容词+of/for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“某人做某事是……的”；当形容词是表示人物性格或品质的词时，用介词of；当形容词是描述事物特征的词时，用介词for。本句中形容词“brave”是描述男孩勇敢的品质，所以用介词of；“to save his classmate”是真正的主语，it是形式主语，所以用动词不定式to save。故选A。
5．It’s ________ of you to provide the poor ________ food and money when they’re in need.
A．important; for B．nice; with C．meaningful; for D．impolite; with
【答案】B
【详解】句意：当穷人有需要时，你为他们提供食物和钱，真是太善良了。
考查形容词辨析和介词辨析。important重要的；nice友好的；meaningful有意义的；impolite不礼貌的；for给，为；with具有，用。provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”，动词短语，排除A和C；再根据“provide the poor … food and money”可知，为贫困者提供食物和钱是善良的行为，应用“nice”，排除D。故选B。
6．To improve our English, it’s important for us ________ it in our daily life.
A．practise using B．to practising using
C．to practise using D．practising using
【答案】C
【详解】句意：为了提高我们的英语水平，对我们来说在日常生活中练习使用它是很重要的。
考查非谓语动词。固定句型“It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，此处要用动词不定式，practise doing sth.“练习做某事”，固定搭配。故选C。
7．It’s really kind ________ the students ________ a charity sale for the homeless cats.
A．for; to organize B．for; organizing C．of; to organize D．of; organizing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：学生们为无家可归的猫组织了一次义卖，他们真是太好了。
考查it固定句型。该句考查固定句型“It is+形容词+of/for+sb+to do sth”的用法，本句中的形容词“kind”修饰人的品质，第一空填of；第二空填不定式作真正的主语。故选C。
8．—Look at the rubbish. It’s careless ________ you ________ it here.
—Sorry. I will pick it up right away.
A．of; to leave B．for; to leave C．of; leaving D．for; leaving
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——看这些垃圾。你把它留在这里真是太粗心了。 ——对不起。我马上把它捡起来。
考查固定句型及非谓语动词。“It’s + adj. + of + sb. + to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是……的”，其中形容词描述人的品质或性格；“It’s + adj. + for + sb. + to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中形容词描述事物的性质。此处“careless”是描述人的品质，应用介词of；且句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，因此第二空用to leave。故选A。
9．It’s dishonest ________ him ________ low-quality goods to customers.
A．for, selling B．for, to sell C．of, selling D．of, to sell
【答案】D
【详解】句意：他把劣质商品卖给顾客是不诚实的。
考查固定句型 It’s + 形容词 + of/for sb. + to do sth. 的用法。区别： 当形容词描述的是人的 品质或性格（如 dishonest, kind, clever, silly, rude 等）时，用 of，强调 “某人具有某种特质”； 当形容词描述的是事物的性质或特征（如 easy, difficult, important 等）时，用 for，强调 “做某事具有某种属性”。 句中 “dishonest”（不诚实的）是描述人的品质，因此第一空用 of；第二空需用动词不定式 “to sell”，构成完整句型。故选D。
10．It’s ______ to finish the work in such a short time. We need more help.
A．different B．important C．impossible D．necessary
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。我们需要更多帮助。
考查形容词词义辨析。different不同的；important重要的；impossible不可能的；necessary必要的。根据“We need more help”可知，在短时间内完成工作有困难，“impossible”符合语境，即短时间内完成工作是“不可能的”。故选C。
11．It’s important ________ a foreign language.
A．of us to learn B．for us to learn
C．of us learning D．for us learning
【答案】B
【详解】句意：对我们来说，学习一门外语是很重要的。
考查it固定句型。it’s adj for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，固定句型。故选B。
12．It’s generous ________ him to donate money to the poor. It’s really meaningful ________ us students to learn from him.
A．of; of B．for; for C．for; of D．of; for
【答案】D
【详解】句意：他捐款给穷人真是慷慨。对我们学生来说，向他学习真的很有意义。
考查介词辨析。of……的；for为了。在“It’s+形容词+of/for+sb.+to do sth.”结构中，若形容词是描述某人的品质或性格，用介词of；若形容词描述某事物对某人的影响或意义，用介词for。第一空描述“他”的品质，用of；第二空描述“学习”对“我们学生”的意义，用for。故选D。
13．It is cruel ________ those hunters ________ elephants just for their ivory.
A．of, to kill B．for, killing C．for, to kill D．of, killing
【答案】A
【详解】句意：那些猎人为了象牙而杀害大象是残忍的。
考查it固定句型。结合“cruel”可知，此处是it is+形容词+of+sb+to do sth结构，是用于强调某人性格或品性的。故选A。
14．It’s very nice ________ you to say so.
A．of B．for C．with D．to
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你这么说真是太好了。
考查介词辨析。of……的；for为了；with和；to到。该句考查“It’s+形容词+of/for sb+to do sth”，当形容词描述人的品质或性格时用of，nice是形容人的品质的，因此介词用of。故选A。
15．It is important ________ more vegetables and fruit at home.
A．eat B．eating C．eats D．to eat
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在家多吃蔬菜和水果很重要。
考查it的固定句型。It’s+形容词+to do sth.“做某事是……”，此处是动词不定式作主语，空处填to eat。故选D。
16．—It’s polite ________ Chen Dan to offer his seat to the elderly when taking a bus.
—Yes. I think it’s necessary ________ us to learn from him.
A．for; for B．for; of C．of; of D．of; for
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——坐公共汽车时，陈丹给老人让座是有礼貌的。——是的。我认为我们有必要向他学习。
考查介词辨析。for对于……来说；of……的。根据“polite”和“Chen Dan”可知，此处应用“It’s+形容词+of sb to do sth”，表示“某人做某事是怎么样的”，用来形容人的品质；根据“necessary”和“us to learn from him”可知，此处应用“It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth”，表示“对某人来说，做某事是怎么样的”，用于形容事物的性质。故选D。
17．It is necessary _________ people to have food and water every day.
A．about B．with C．of D．for
【答案】D
【详解】句意：对人们来说，每天有食物和水是必要的。
考查it句型。It is+adj+of/for sb to do sth是固定句型，动词不定式是真正的主语，necessary修饰的是事而不是人的品格，介词用for。故选D。
18．It is kind ________ the young man ________ blood to people in need.
A．for; to donate B．of; donating
C．of; to donate D．for; donating
【答案】C
【详解】句意：那个年轻人为有需要的人献血真善良。
考查it固定句型。It’s adj. of sb. to do sth.表示“某人做某事……”，描述某人品格，要用of引出对象，后面动词用不定式形式。故选C。
19．It is very dangerous __________ children to cross the busy street.
A．of B．by C．on D．for
【答案】D
【详解】句意：孩子们穿过繁忙的街道是很危险的。
考查固定句型和介词辨析。of……的；by通过；on在……上；for对……来说。分析句子可知，本句是固定句型“It is+形容词+for/of sb to do sth”，当形容词是描述sb的品质时，用of，当形容词是修饰事物时用for。句中的dangerous是用来描述“to cross the busy street”的性质的，所以介词用for。故选D。
20．It’s best ________ Hainan in winter.
A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．to visiting
【答案】C
【详解】句意：冬天去海南旅游最好。
考查it的固定句型。it’s adj. to do sth“做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。故选C。
二、完成句子
21．保持校园干净整洁是我们的责任。
It’s keep our schoolyard clean and tidy.
【答案】our duty to
【详解】根据中文对照可知，空缺部分是“我们的责任”，此处考查固定句型：It’s one’s duty to do sth.“做某事是……的责任”，our“我们的”，形容词性物主代词，修饰名词duty，结合空格前后，此处填入our duty to即可。故填our duty to。
22．从植物上拽掉叶子是不对的。
leaves off plants.
【答案】It’s wrong to pull
【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空格处表示“拽掉……是不对的”；“It’s wrong to do sth.”是一个常用的表达结构，意思是“做某事是不对的”，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的“to do sth.”；“pull...off...”是固定短语，意为“从……上拽掉……”，“从植物上拽掉叶子”即“pull leaves off plants”。故填It’s wrong to pull。
23．一开始，找到食物和水来维持生存是很困难的。
At the beginning, difficult for people food and water to stay alive.
【答案】 it was to find
【详解】根据“At the beginning,...difficult for people...food and water to stay alive.”可知，句型为It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式；句子时态为一般过去时，be动词用was；find“找到”，此处应用动词不定式to find。故填it；was；to；find。
24．对于青少年来说，了解广彩很有教育意义。
teenagers to know the Guangzhou colored porcelain.
【答案】 It’s educational for
【详解】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“很有教育意义”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查It is adj. for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，固定句型，其中“It”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to know the Guangzhou colored porcelain”；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应用一般现在时，主语为“It”，be动词应用is，缩写为It’s；educational“有教育意义的”，形容词，作系动词“is”的表语。故填It’s；educational；for。
25．对于我们来说，参加这个项目很有意义。
meaningful us take part in the project.
【答案】 It is/was for to
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子应用句型“It is/was+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”表示“对于某人来说，做某事是……的”；结合语境可知，此处既可用一般现在时，也可用一般过去时，所以第二空应填is或was。故填It；is/was；for；to。
26．It’s, to, see, exciting, the huge glass ball, through, darkness, the, falling
.
【答案】It’s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness
【详解】根据所给标点可知，此句为陈述句，且为“It’s+形容词+to do sth”“做某事是……的”结构。It’s：它是；exciting：令人兴奋的，形容词，作表语；to see：去看，see sth doing“看到某物正在做某事”；the huge glass ball：巨大的玻璃球，作宾语；falling through the darkness：在黑暗中坠落。故填It’s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness“看到巨大的玻璃球在黑暗中坠落是令人兴奋的”。
27．the, do something for, meaningful, it, to, Olympic Games, is
.
【答案】It is meaningful to do something for the Olympic Games
【详解】根据标点符号和所给词汇可知，该句为肯定句，此处使用it固定句型“It is+形容词+to do sth.”，表示“做某事是……的”；it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语；meaningful“有意义的”，形容词；to do something“做点什么”；for“为了”，介词；the Olympic Games“奥林匹克运动会”。故填It is meaningful to do something for the Olympic Games“为奥运会做点什么是有意义的”。
28．在运动时穿运动鞋是很有必要的。
It’s wear sports shoes when doing sports.
【答案】 necessary to
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处是固定句式It’s+adj+for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，necessary“有必要的”。故填necessary；to。
29．Becoming a famous runner is not easy. (改为同义句)
not easy to become a famous runner.
【答案】 It is
【详解】句意：成为一名著名的赛跑者并不容易。此处可以使用“It is+adj+to do sth.”句型改写同义句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，故填It；is。
30．学习好的礼仪对孩子来说是很重要的。
good manners.
【答案】It’s very important for children to learn
【详解】it is adj. for sb. to do sth.“做某事对某人而言是……的”，it作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语；very important“很重要的”，作表语；for children“对孩子来说”；learn“学习”，动词。故填It’s very important for children to learn。
题型一 语法填空
Each country has many kinds of people who volunteer 1 (take) care of others. For example, some high school and university students in America often spend many hours 2 (do) volunteers in hospitals or old people’s homes. They read books to the people there, or they just visit them or listen to 3 (they) problems.
Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick. They clean up or do the shopping. For boys who don’t have fathers, there is an organization 4 (call) Big Brothers. University students and other people take these boys to baseball games and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn 5 their fathers.
Each city 6 (have) a lot of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games or take part in other activities. Some of these clubs show movies or have short trips to the mountains, the 7 (beach) or the museums. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and university students as volunteers 8 they are young enough to remember the problems of younger boys and girls much 9 (easy).
Volunteers believe that 10 happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.
【答案】
1．to take 2．doing 3．their 4．called 5．from 6．has 7．beaches 8．because 9．more easily 10．the
【导语】本文讲述每个国家都有一些帮助其他人的志愿者，讲述不同志愿者的工作场合和工作内容。
1．句意：每个国家都有许多志愿照顾他人的人。volunteer to do sth“志愿做某事”，故填to take。
2．句意：例如，美国的一些高中生和大学生经常花很多时间在医院或养老院做志愿者。spend+时间+doing sth“花时间做某事”，故填doing。
3．句意：他们读书给那里的人们听，或者他们只是去拜访或听他们的问题。此处作定语修饰“problems”，用形容词性物主代词形式，故填their。
4．句意：对于那些没有父亲的男孩，有一个叫做“老大哥”的组织。此处作organization的后置定语，用动词过去分词形式，故填called。
5．句意：大学生和其他人带这些男孩去看棒球比赛，帮助他们了解男孩通常从父亲那里学到的东西。根据“help them to get to know things that boys usually learn...their fathers.”可知，此处是learn from短语，意为“从……学习”，故填from。
6．句意：每个城市都有很多俱乐部，男孩和女孩可以去玩游戏或参加其他活动。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是“Each city”，动词用三单。故填has。
7．句意：其中一些俱乐部放映电影或短途旅行到山区，海滩或博物馆。此处与“mountains”和“museums”并列，用名词复数形式，故填beaches。
8．句意：大多数这些俱乐部都聘请了很多高中生和大学生作为志愿者，因为他们还年轻，更容易记住年轻男孩和女孩的问题。“they are young enough to remember the problems of ...”是“Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and university students as volunteers”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。
9．句意：大多数这些俱乐部都聘请了很多高中生和大学生作为志愿者，因为他们还年轻，更容易记住年轻男孩和女孩的问题。此处在句中修饰动词remember，且空前有much修饰，所以用副词比较级形式。故填more easily。
10．句意：志愿者们相信，世界上最幸福的人是那些帮助别人带来幸福的人。最高级“happiest”前用定冠词the，故填the。
根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，或在横线上填入一个合适的词，使短文语义通顺，语法完整。请将答案写在答题卡上。
Volunteering (志愿) is becoming popular now. Have you ever 1 (take) part in voluntary work You could work with groups to pick up something dirty, help to teach kids or feed people without homes. People will thank you 2 your work.
Volunteering doesn't just help those groups. You can also improve 3 (you). When you volunteer, you can make friends, learn something 4 (use) and experience many meaningful things.
Volunteering helps with your body and mind. When you volunteer, you’ll become 5 (friend) than before. So if you don't have enough friends now, be 6 volunteer. You’ll meet people who can share your interests and feelings. Voluntary work will mean a lot to you. That’s 7 your work makes a difference (影响) to someone’s life.
After you join a group and decide 8 (be) a volunteer, someone may give you lessons on how to be a good volunteer. I think you will enjoy 9 (help) others in need. Maybe you will teach new volunteers one day.
Although you never 10 (appear) at some voluntary work before, it’s not late to start from now on.
【答案】
1．taken 2．for 3．yourself 4．useful 5．more friendly/friendlier 6．a 7．because 8．to be 9．helping 10．appeared
【导语】主要讲述了志愿者工作的意义。
1．句意：你参加过志愿工作吗？根据“Have you... ”可知，此句是现在完成时，此空需要动词的过去分词，结合英文提示，taken符合句意。故填taken。
2．句意：人们会感谢你的工作。根据固定搭配“thank sb. for sth.”可知，人们会感谢你的工作，因此for符合句意。故填for。
3．句意：你也可以提高自己。根据“When you volunteer, you can make friends, learn something”可知，你可以提高自己，因此此空需要反身代词。故填yourself。
4．句意：当你做志愿者的时候，你可以结交朋友，学习有用的东西，体验很多有意义的事情。根据“something”可知，此空需要形容词放在复合不定代词后面，结合英文提示，useful符合句意。故填useful。
5．句意：当你做志愿者的时候，你会变得比以前更友好。根据“than”和“become”可知，此空需要形容词比较级，结合英文提示，more friendly/friendlier符合句意。故填more friendly/friendlier。
6．句意：所以如果你现在没有足够多的朋友，做一名志愿者吧。根据“volunteer”可知，是一个可数名词，因此此空需要一个不定冠词表示泛指，且是辅音音素开头，因此a符合句意。故填a。
7．句意：那是因为你的工作改变了别人的生活。根据“Voluntary work will mean a lot to you.”和“your work makes a difference (影响) to someone’s life.”可知，后一句是前一句的因，因此because符合句意。故填because。
8．句意：当你加入一个团体并决定成为一名志愿者后，有人可能会教你如何成为一名优秀的志愿者。根据固定搭配“decide to do”可知，此空需要动词不定式，结合英文提示，to be符合句意。故填to be。
9．句意：我想你会喜欢帮助需要帮助的人的。根据固定搭配“enjoy doing”可知，此空需要动名词，结合英文提示，helping符合句意。故填helping。
10．句意：虽然你以前从来没有参加过志愿工作，但现在开始也不算晚。根据“before”和“it’s not late to start from now on.”可知，此句时态是一般过去时。故填appeared。
题型二 阅读理解
Does your school have charity sales Our school had one a few days ago. Students brought many things for the sale. There were novels, magazines, toys, cartoon posters and beautiful candles. Most things were almost brand-new. Many students and teachers bought things at the sale. Wu Zhongyue, a Grade 8 student, found that novels for kids were much cheaper. Four copies written by Zheng Yuanjie cost her 10 yuan. Pan Liqi spent 20 yuan on posters and hoped the money would go to poor kids. At last the sale raised about 6,000 yuan.
The purpose of the sale is to help the children in Africa. Every day hundreds of them die because they have diseases or don’t have enough food to eat. First, there is no work for the children’s parents, so they have no money to buy food or medicine. Second, the governments in many African countries are too poor to care for the poor. The land and the weather are bad for farming. There are many organizations trying to help these poor people. The organization we are trying to help, the Feed Africa Fund, spends millions of dollars every year on food for poor people in Africa. This money comes from people like you—kind, generous people who do not want to see children die from hunger.
1．At the sale, Wu Zhongyue bought ________.
A．toys B．magazines C．novels D．cartoon posters
2．The underlined word “brand-new” in the passage means “________”.
A．全新的 B．半新的 C．新品牌 D．破旧的
3．What do the African children need most according to the passage
A．Books and food. B．Food and medicine.
C．Medicine and books. D．Food and toys.
4．The money we raised at the sale will go to ________.
A．the Red Cross B．the Project Hope
C．the Feed Africa Fund D．African governments
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文介绍了几天前，作者学校举办的一次义卖活动。
1．细节理解题。根据“Wu Zhongyue, a Grade 8 student, found that novels for kids were much cheaper. Four copies written by Zheng Yuanjie cost her 10 yuan.”可知，吴忠跃买的是小说。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据划线单词brand-new的构词法可判断，brand意为“商标”，new意为“新的”，二者相结合，可联想到“连商标都在的物品”，相当于是“全新的”。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“First, there is no work for the children’s parents, so they have no money to buy food or medicine”可知，非洲的孩子最需要药和食物。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“The organization we are trying to help, the Feed Africa Fund, spends millions of dollars every year on food for poor people in Africa.”可知，募集到的善款会被捐给“the Feed Africa Fund”。故选C。
Charity is important. Not only because it can change people’s lives, but also because it can change the world. By giving to charities, we can help those less lucky and support causes (事业) we believe in. Whether you’re looking for a way to give back or just want to learn more about the work of charities, this post is for you.
A charity is an organization that helps people or communities in need. A charity may raise money from common people, companies and governments. Charities usually work on certain areas such as health care, education, disaster relief, and so on.
Charities provide services that are important to people in need: food banks provide food to hungry families; churches help people find cheap places to live in; hospitals provide free basic care to low-income patients; animal charities save homeless pets from certain death and find them new homes... The list is endless. They help improve the lives of millions of people every day.
Charities are good for you too. Helping others is good for your health and well-being. Volunteering for charities makes you feel like you’re making a difference and contributing, which in turn builds a sense of community and reduces loneliness. Volunteering for a charity can also help develop a sense of purpose, build friendships or improve social networks, and increase self-confidence.
Charities don’t just help people. There are also many charities that protect the environment and conserve natural resources. The Nature Conservancy, for example, is a global conservation organization that works to preserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has been working for more than 50 years to protect endangered species and their habitats.
Charities play an important role in our society. They provide vital services to millions of people every day and play an important role in our economy.
1．Who is this article written for
A．People in need of help. B．People working for charities.
C．People interested in charity work. D．People planning to raise money.
2．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A．What charities are. B．How charities help people in need.
C．Why people give money to charities. D．Where people find information about charities.
3．Which picture best shows the structure of the article
A． B．
C． D．
4．Why did the writer write this article
A．To ask people to learn more about WWF. B．To show charities’ responsibility for nature.
C．To call for people to help with voluntary work. D．To explain the importance and roles of charities.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了慈善的重要性、慈善机构的定义、工作内容、对个人及社会（含自然保护方面 ）的作用等，阐释慈善机构的重要性与角色。
1．推理判断题。根据“Whether you’re looking for a way to give back or just want to learn more about the work of charities, this post is for you.”可知，文章是写给对慈善工作感兴趣的人。故选C。
2．主旨大意题。根据“A charity is an organization that helps people or communities in need.”及结合本段内容可知，第二段主要介绍了慈善机构是什么及其筹款途径等基本性质。故选A。
3．篇章结构题。结合文章内容可知，第一段总起，阐述慈善的重要性；第二段介绍慈善机构是什么；第三段讲慈善机构为有需要的人提供的服务；第四段说慈善对个人的好处；第五段提及保护自然的慈善机构；第六段总结慈善在社会中的重要作用。整体是“总—分—总”结构，①总起，②③④⑤分述，⑥总结，对应结构C。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从慈善的重要性引入，介绍了慈善机构的定义、工作内容、对个人和社会（包括自然保护 ）的作用等，整体是在解释慈善机构的重要性和角色。故选D。
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