资源简介

(共26张PPT)
Unit 6
Crossing Cultures
Section A
How different are our cultures
课型：语法课
课时：Grammar Focus
学习目标
1
2
3
能在一定语境中准确运用so...that、unless、as soon as以及以-ed/-ing结尾的形容词。
能通过观察例句，理解so...that、unless、as soon as等连接词的语义及用法差异；能辨析surprised/surprising等以-ed/-ing结尾的形容词的修饰对象差异。
能感知不同国家的文化礼仪差异，树立尊重文化多样性的意识，提升跨文化交际能力。
4a
Read the sentences. What do the words in red mean How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don’t look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing!
surprised（人感到惊讶的）、surprising（事物令人惊讶的）；
embarrassed（人感到尴尬的）、embarrassing（事物令人尴尬的）；
你们总是鞠躬吗？
不，那太正式了，我们如今不这么做了。
我需要带点什么吗？
当然。带个小礼物，但不要带食物，除非主人让你带。
我被你的鞠躬惊到了。在美国，我们通常只是说“你好”或者握手。
真让人意外！在日本，我们一见到老师就会鞠躬。
不要看起来这么不自在！
但这很尴尬！
Let’s summarize
I am surprised. 我很惊讶。
The news is surprising. 这消息令人惊讶。
-ed 形容词：修饰人，表示 “人感到…… 的”
如：surprised 感到惊讶的；embarrassed 感到尴尬的
-ing 形容词：修饰事物 / 情况，表示 “令人…… 的”
如：surprising 令人惊讶的；embarrassing 令人尴尬的
（人感到……）
（事令人……）
surprised/surprising 是英语中情感类形容词的典型代表，这类词的变形都遵循“-ed 修饰人，-ing 修饰物”的规律。如：
-ed（人的感受） -ing（事物的属性）
excited（兴奋的） exciting（令人兴奋的）
bored（无聊的） boring（令人无聊的）
tired（疲惫的） tiring（令人疲惫的）
interested（感兴趣的） interesting（有趣的）
embarrassed（尴尬的） embarrassing（令人尴尬的）
v4-1600px-Have-Good-Table-Manners-Summary-Version-3.jpg.webp
Read the sentences. What do the words in red mean How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
4a
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don't look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing!
as soon as: 一……就；引导时间状语从句
so … that … : 太……以至于；引导结果状语从句
unless: 除非；引导条件状语从句
v4-1600px-Have-Good-Table-Manners-Summary-Version-3.jpg.webp
Let’s learn and summarize!
语法结构 意义及用法
so … that
unless
as soon as
如此……以至于；引导结果状语从句
so后接_____________，强调程度，that引导的从句表示结果。
形容词或副词
除非；引导条件状语从句
相当于_______，意“除了……之外”，表示唯一条件。
if not
一……就；引导时间状语从句，表示两个动作在时间上紧密相连，几乎同时发生
as soon as引导的从句表示将来意义时，需用___________。
一般现在时
unless和as soon as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可放在主句后或主句前。
主将从现
so…that…与such…that…的区别
so…that… ① so + adj./ adv. + that 从句
② so + adj.+ a/an + 可数名词单数 + that从句
③ so many/few + 可数名词复数 + that从句
④ so much/little（少）+ 不可数名词 + that从句
such…that… ① such a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + that从句
② such + adj. + 可数名词复数 + that从句
③ such + adj. + 不可数名词 + that 从句
He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.
他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。
Tom is so helpful a boy that we all like him.= Tom is such a helpful boy that we all like him.
汤姆是一个如此乐于助人的男孩，以至于我们都喜欢他。
There was so much smoke that they could see nothing.
浓烟密布，他们什么也看不到。
They are such good students that all teachers like them.
他们是如此优秀的学生，以至于所有的老师都喜欢他们。
It is such cold weather that I can't play in the park.
天气如此寒冷，以至于我不能在公园玩。
［比较］so…that…与so that
so that:
（1）引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，主句和从句间常用逗号分开，一般不与情态动词连用。
Nothing more was heard of him, so that people thought that he was dead.
未再听到他的消息，以致人们认为他已死去了。
（2）引导目的状语从句，意为“为了，以便”，通常从句中用may，might，can，could等情态动词。
We left early so that we could catch the first bus.
我们很早出发，以便能赶上第一班汽车。
unless的用法
1. unless作连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，常可以与if...not...句型互换。
Don’t go outdoors unless you take an umbrella.=Don’t go outdoors if you don’t take an umbrella.除非你带伞，否则不要出门。
练习：If we don’t talk to someone, we will certainly feel worse.
______________________________________________________
Unless we talk to someone, we will certainly feel worse.
unless的用法
2. 在含有unless引导的状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句为一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时，即“主将从现”。
Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go camping.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去野营。
unless用法
unless作连词意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，如果主句为一般将来时、祈使句或主句含有情态动词，条件状语从句中的谓语常用一般现在时表将来。
e.g.Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go camping.
Don’t watch TV unless you finish your homework.
as soon as用法
as soon as 意为“一......就......”，引导时间状语从句。若主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. As soon as he arrives, we will start to work.
I will do my homework as soon as I finish the meal.
As soon as I went in, Jason greeted me warmly.
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
4b
Turkiye: People don’t kiss one another on the cheek. They can do so if they are good friends.(unless)
In Turkiye, people don’t kiss one another on the cheek unless they are good friends.
2. Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter someone’s home.
(as soon as)
In Japan, take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone's home.
用括号中的词合并句子。
在土耳其，人们不会相互亲吻脸颊，除非他们是好朋友。
在日本，脱掉你的鞋子。当你进别人家时要这样做。
3. Kenya: Being late is very common. You should be patient and not expect people to be on time. (so … that)
4. China: Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude. You should avoid it. (so … that)
5. Mexico: Don’t use someone’s first name if you don’t know him or her well.
You can use it if the person invites you to do so.(unless)
In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time.
In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it.
In Mexico, don't use someone's first name unless the person invites you to do so.
Kenya/ kenj / n. 肯尼亚（东非国家）
肯尼亚：迟到很常见。你应该保持耐心，不要期望人们准时。
中国：把筷子插进米饭碗里是非常不礼貌的行为。你应该避免这样做。
墨西哥：如果你对他/她不熟，不要直呼别人的名字。如果那个人请求你这么做，你可以直呼其名。
4c Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from
surprising
surprised
interested
so. . . that
interesting
as soon as
unless
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is _____ different from your own____ you feel_________. For example, I experienced this ________ I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really ________ to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone ______we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and _________ in learning about the culture there. It’s so ________ to discover cultural differences like this!
so
that
surprised
as soon as
surprising
unless
interested
interesting
用方框中的单词完成短文。你能判断出作者来自哪里吗
令人吃惊的 吃惊的 有趣的 感兴趣的 如此......以至于 一......就...... 除非
文化冲击
与......不同
下（车/飞机），离开
个人空间
发现文化差异
习惯于
充足，大量
靠近，离......近
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is so different from your own that you feel surprised. For example, I experienced this as soon as I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really surprising to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone unless we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. It’s so interesting to discover cultural differences like this!
你知道什么是文化冲击吗？
当你接触一种新的文化时，你可能会感受到它。
因为这种新文化和你自身的文化非常不同，
以至于让你感到诧异。
比如，我去年在秘鲁一下飞机，就体会到了这种感受。
人们紧紧挤在我的左右两侧！
这真的让我十分惊讶。
尽管公交车上还有大量空位，
在德国，
人们通常喜欢更多个人空间， 并且不会站得很近，
除非彼此十分熟识。
但一旦习惯了这种情况，
我就变得更加好奇，并对学习那里的文化感兴趣。
发现这样的文化差异真是有兴趣了！
so…that、unless和as soon as 引导的状语从句
so…that的用法
unless的用法
as soon as的用法
引导结果状语从句
so+形容词/副词+that从句（重点）
引导条件状语从句
主将从现（重点）
引导时间状语从句
主将从现（重点）
Summary
That’s ________ formal ________ we don’t do it these days.
A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to
2
Nobody can hear you ________ you speak in a louder voice.
A．until B．as soon as C．unless D．so that
3
In Japan, we bow ________ we meet a teacher.
A．as soon as B．unless C．although D．because
1
Multiple choice.
Ⅰ.用“so/such... that”, if, unless或as soon as 填空。
1. I believe you will succeed in the end ______ you don’t
give up halfway.
2. I gave some flowers to Gina ____________she finished
singing on stage.
3. It is ______ an interesting movie _______ I feel like
watching it a second time.
if
as soon as
such
that
综合演练
4. You can never know what’s possible _______ you try
to make something happen.
5. The memories of the junior high school are ______
sweet ______I will always keep them in my heart.
unless
so
that
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. The man made a _______ speech, so the audience(听众)
at the meeting felt ________.（bore）
7. After hearing the ________news, Mrs Wang got very
_______ and her eyes were full of tears.（excite）
8. The clever boy gave me a __________ answer to the
question and that really made me feel ___________.
（surprise）
boring
exciting
excited
surprising
surprised
bored
9. All the students were _________ because Mr Smith
gave a very __________explanation（解释）of the
question.（confuse）
10. Almost everyone in big cities seems to be busy and
________（tire）, so to relax themselves, they need
to do something ________（relax）.
confused
confusing
tired
relaxing
Homework
研究中国和你感兴趣的其他国家的习俗之间的异同。然后写一份简短的报告。

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