资源简介

(共23张PPT)
Unit 6
Crossing Cultures
Section A Grammar Focus
To gain a deeper understanding of the semantic differences in -ed/-ing emotional adjectives, as well as the usage differences in so... that, unless, and as soon as adverbial clauses by observing and analyzing example sentences.
To be able to correctly select and use adverbial clauses and emotional adjectives in different cultural contexts.
学习目标
1
2
Revision
Review the conversation and fill in the blanks.
Anna and Kaito
Harry and Li Tong
Bob, Marieand Ji-Hoon
Kaito’s bow _________ Anna. In Japan,people bow_________ we meet a teacher.But in the US, bowing is____formal
____people don’t do it these days.
surprised
as soon as
so
that
In the UK, people usually just say hello to greet others. They think bowing is_____ formal _____they only do it at special times.
so
that
Ji-Hoon feels___________
because people in Korea don't usually kiss others _______ they love each other.But in France people kiss friends on the cheek to say hello.
embarrassed
unless
Review the conversation and answer the question.
Sam: What's wrong, Hongli
Hongli: I'm having dinner at my friend's house tonight.
But English table manners are so confusing that
I'm a little worried.
Sam: Well, I'm from London. Ask me anything!
Hongli: Thanks! Well, first, should I bring something
Sam: Yes. Bring a small gift, but don't bring food
unless the host asks you to. And remember to
wait for the host to start before you eat.
Hongli: Good to know! Could you tell me the proper
way to use a knife and fork too
Sam: Just hold the knife in your right hand, and the
fork in your left. If you get confused, watch
what everyone else does.
Hongli: OK. Anything else
Sam: Hmm. After the meal, thank the host and say
that everything was delicious. And, most
importantly …
Hongli: Yes
Sam: Enjoy yourself!
Hongli: Thanks, I will!
—What does Hongli think of English table manners
—English table manners are so _________ that she is _________.
confusing
confused
—Should Hongli bring something
—Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food ______the host asks.
unless
Read the sentences. What do the words in red mean How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
4a
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don't look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing!
还记得红色的这些连词表示的是什么逻辑关系吗？
so … that … : 太……以至于；引导结果状语从句
unless: 除非；引导条件状语从句
as soon as: 一……就；引导时间状语从句
so…that… 的用法
so .... that.... 如此……以至于…… (that 引导的结果状语从句)
so的后面跟副词或形容词
①老师说的太快了，以至于我听不清楚他的话。
The teacher speaks so fast that I can’t catch the words.
②他如此外向，以至于他交的朋友比我多。
He was so outgoing that he made more friends than I did.
［比较］so…that…与so that
so that:
（1）引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，主句和从句间常用逗号分开，一般不与情态动词连用。
Nothing more was heard of him, so that people thought that he was dead.
未再听到他的消息，以致人们认为他已死去了。
（2）引导目的状语从句，意为“为了，以便”，通常从句中用may，might，can，could等情态动词。
We left early so that we could catch the first bus.
我们很早出发，以便能赶上第一班汽车。
连词so that引导的状语从句
so... that... 如此......以至于......
that引导结果状语从句
so that 为了，以便 so that引导目的状语从句
从句含有情态动词
so that 因此，所以 so that引导结果状语从句
从句含无情态动词
unless的用法
1. unless作连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，常可以与if...not...句型互换。
Don’t go outdoors unless you take an umbrella.=Don’t go outdoors if you don’t take an umbrella.除非你带伞，否则不要出门。
2. 在含有unless引导的状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句为一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时，即“主将从现”。
Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go camping.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去野营。
as soon as 的用法
as soon as意为“一······就······”，引导时间状语从句，含有该从句的主从复合句表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上发生，强调动作的紧密性。如果主句为一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时。
He will visit you as soon as he gets there.
他一到那里就会去拜访你。
语法结构 意义及用法
so … that
unless
as soon as
如此……以至于；引导结果状语从句
so后接_____________，强调程度，that引导的从句表示结果。
形容词或副词
除非；引导条件状语从句
相当于_______，意“除了……之外”，表示唯一条件。
if not
一……就；引导时间状语从句，表示两个动作在时间上紧密相连，几乎同时发生
as soon as引导的从句表示将来意义时，需用___________。
一般现在时
unless和as soon as引导的从句位置比较灵活，可放在主句后或主句前。
主将从现
Summary
Exercise
用“so/such... that”, if, unless或as soon as 填空。
1. I believe you will succeed in the end ______ you don’t give up halfway.
2. I gave some flowers to Gina ____________she finished singing on stage.
3. It is ____ an interesting movie ______ I feel like watching it a second time.
4. You can never know what’s possible _______ you try to make something happen.
5. The memories of the junior high school are ______ sweet ______I will always keep them in my heart.
if
as soon as
such
that
unless
so
that
Read the sentences. What do the words in red mean How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
4a
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don't look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing!
形容词 -ing 后缀和 -ed 后缀在使用上有什么区别呢？
-ed形容词与-ing形容词的用法
1. -ed 形容词的用法
主语通常是人，常用来说明人的感受，在句中常作表语。
I’m still confused about your decision.
我仍然对你的决定感到困惑。
-ed形容词与-ing形容词的用法
2. -ing 形容词的用法
主语或所修饰的名词通常是物，常用来说明事物的性质、状态或特征等。在句中作定语或表语。
You will miss the exciting event unless you hurry up.
除非你快点，否则你会错过这个精彩的活动。（作定语）
The speech was so exciting that nobody felt bored.
演讲如此精彩，以至于没有人感到无聊。（作表语）
形容词后缀 -ing 意为“____________”，通常用来描述事物的属性或特性，有时也可用来表述人的特性。
形容词后缀 -ed 意 “___________________”，一般用来描述人的感受或情绪。
含有后缀 –ing 的形容词表示某物或人的特性，具有主动意义；而含有后缀 -ed 的形容词则表示某人因受影响而产生的感受或情绪，具有被动意义。
令人……的
使（人）感到……的
Summary
用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. The film was so ________ that we left it in the middle. (bore)
2. The students were __________ in examining the dead body in the mortuary. (interest)
3. It's ____________ to be caught telling a lie. (embarrass)
4. The children are ________ about the holiday in Spain. (excite)
5. It was so _________ to hear that the project was a great success. (satisfy)
6. They were ____________ about the result. (disappoint)
7. He was _________ to discover that he had left no money. (shock)
8. He was ________ when he heard that there had been an accident. (worry)
boring
interested
embarrassing
excited
satisfying
disappointed
shocked
worried
Exercise
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
4b
1. Türkiye: People don't kiss one another on the cheek. They
can do so if they are good friends. (unless)
In Türkiye, people don't kiss one another on the cheek unless
they are good friends.
2. Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter
someone's home. (as soon as)
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
You should take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone’s home in Japan.
3. Kenya: Being late is very common. You should be patient and
not expect people to be on time. (so ... that)
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
4. China: Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude. You
should avoid it. (so ... that)
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
5. Mexico: Don't use someone's first name if you don't know him
or her well.You can use it if the person invites you to do so.
(unless)
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time.
In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it.
In Mexico, don't use someone's first name unless the person invites you to do so.
Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from
4c
surprising surprised interesting interested so … that as soon as unless
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is ____ different from your own ____ you feel ________. For example, I experienced this _________ I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really _________ to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone ______ we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and __________ in learning about the culture there. It’s so __________ to discover cultural differences like this!
so
that
surprised
as soon as
surprising
unless
interested
interesting
Let’s discuss and answer the questions.
1. Where is the writer from
2. What is the writer's culture shock
The writer is from Germany.
Different cultures have different customs, and we should keep an open mind when meeting new cultures.
3. What can you learn from the writer’s experience
The writer felt surprised by how people stood very close to each other in Peru, which is different from Germany's focus on personal space.
Read and learn.
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is ____ different from your own ______ you feel _________. For example, I experienced this __________ I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really _________ to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don't stand close to someone _______ we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and __________ in learning about the culture there. It's so ___________ to discover cultural differences like this!
so
that
surprised
interested
surprising
unless
as soon as
interesting
文化冲击
大量空间
be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）...
become interested in doing 对做...变得感兴趣的
挖掘文化差异
Homework
描述你经历的或听过的一次文化冲击，至少使用3个含-ing 和3个-ed 形容词，并包含so…that / unless / as soon as中的至少两个结构。

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