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外研版英语八年级下册Unit 6 Living with nature单元基础测试卷
一、单项选择题
1．Look at calendar. It's June 22.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．Which sign has something to do with saving the energy
A． B． C．
3． Most villagers in the countryside live ____ farming.
A．by B．with C．in D．for
4． The temperature in the north often drops ____ zero in winter.
A．under B．below C．above
5． Mike works the hardest ____ all the students in his class.
A．between B．among C．behind D．during
6．David Beckham decided to __________ playing football match forever because he is not energetic(精力充沛的)enough.
A．put off B．deal with C．break off D．give up
7． The environment in our city ____ greatly if we make every effort in the near future.
A．improved B．was improved
C．has improved D．will be improved
8． —Ms. Sha, could you tell me ____
—I think you need a heart-to-heart talk.
A．what can I solve my problems with my friends
B．how can I solve my problems with my friends
C．what to solve my problems with my friends
D．how to solve my problems with my friends
9． — Do you know ____ , Danny
— At 4:00 pm tomorrow.
A．when the concert began B．when did the concert begin
C．when the concert will begin D．when will the concert begin
10． — Cathy, I forget ____ this wonderful programme.
— It is at eight o'clock tonight, so we can watch it at that time.
A．when we can watch B．where we can watch
C．when can we watch D．where can we watch
二、完形填空
We all know that being in nature is good for us. New research suggests that being in the natural world for just 10 minutes can help our mental health. The research also says 11． time with others in natural environments can help relationships. Even being in city parks and gardening can 12． a difference. A study from the City University of Hong Kong found that nature increases 13． we see other people as "fully human". The researchers say this makes us help and cooperate(合作) with others more. We become more sociable (好交际的). This makes us feel better about 14． . We feel more positive, so our mental health improves. Helping other people can also 15． our stress and anxiety.
Mental health is a big 16． that is growing around the world. More people are 17． anxiety, depression and other mental illnesses. The National Alliance on Mental Illness in the USA reported that one in five Americans has mental health problems. The research contains good 18． on how nature can help with these problems. It says time spent among trees or in the fields is connected with better sleep. One study from Chiba University in Japan 19． that even flowers have positive effects on mental health. * Researchers found that employees who had a vase of roses on their desk became 20． and less stressed after just four minutes.
11．A． spending B． wasting C． talking D． cutting
12．A． take B． bring C． make D． carry
13．A． why B． what C． how D． which
14．A． yourselves B． ourselves C． herself D． himself
15．A． reduce B． increase C． improve D． keep
16．A． idea B． way C． problem D． course
17．A． coming from B． worrying about
C． knowing about D． suffering from
18．A． advice B． news C． progress D． knowledge
19．A． said B． told C． answered D． found
20．A． calmer B． sadder C． madder D． prouder
三、阅读理解
阅读理解
①In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution.They join environment clubs. In an environment club, people work together to make ourenvironment clean.
②Here are some things students often do.
③No-garbage lunches. How many lunch bags do you throw away after lunch Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to thewhole school.
④No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car including thestudents and the teachers. Cars give pollution to us, so remember:
Walk, jump, bike, or run!
Use your legs! It's lots of fun!
⑤Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic meters of water an hour In a year, that would fill in a small river. In the environment clubs, students mend those broken toilets, so that they can be used again and the water won't be wasted anymore.
⑥We love our environment. Let's work together to make it better.
21．What do environment clubs ask students to do
A．To run to school every day.
B．To take exercise every day.
C．Not to have lunch at school.
D．To bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.
22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．On a no-car day, both students and teachers will take a car to school.
B．The whole school will know the classes that make the most garbage.
C．The environment clubs advise people to walk to school.
D．The environment clubs will ask students to turn off the light.
23．Why does the writer write the passage
A．To ask students to clean schools.
B．To ask students to make less pollution.
C．To ask students to join clubs.
D．To ask students to help teachers.
24．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、В、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The 24 Solar Terms: Wisdom from Nature
The 24 Solar Terms is an ancient calendar system developed by Chinese people to guide farming activities. It is based on the changes of nature, such as the position of the sun, the temperature and the growth of plants. For thousands of years, it has been an important part of Chinese culture and daily life.
The 24 Solar Terms start with Start of Spring and ends with Major Cold. Each term lasts about 15 days. They reflect the changes of seasons, climate and natural phenomena. For example, Grain in Ear is a term when wheat is ripe and ready to be harvested. Minor Heat and Major Heat are the hottest periods of the year, while Minor Cold and Major Cold are the coldest.
The 24 Solar Terms not only guides farming but also affects people's eating habits and health. On Start of Spring, many people eat spring pancakes to welcome the new season. On Start of Winter, dumplings are a popular food in northern China. People also adjust their daily activities according to the terms. For example, during Minor Heat, people try to stay cool and avoid overworking.
Today, although fewer people are farmers, the 24 Solar Terms is still popular. Many young people are interested in it and share related paintings, poems and stories online. It has also been listed as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, showing the value of Chinese ancient wisdom to the world.
The 24 Solar Terms is more than a calendar. It is a bridge between humans and nature, teaching us to respect and follow natural laws. As we face environmental challenges, this ancient wisdom can still guide us to live in harmony with nature.
25．Which of the following is NOT true about the 24 Solar Terms
A．It is based on natural changes.
B．Each term lasts about half a month.
C．It only affects farming activities.
D．It has a history of thousands of years.
26．What does the underlined word "ripe" mean in Chinese
A．播种 B．生长 C．成熟 D．收割
27．Why is the 24 Solar Terms listed as an intangible cultural heritage
A．Because it is a calendar system.
B．Because it shows Chinese ancient wisdom.
C．Because it is popular among young people.
D．Because it guides people's eating habits.
28．What can we infer from the passage
A．The 24 Solar Terms will disappear in the future.
B．People no longer need the 24 Solar Terms today.
C．The 24 Solar Terms can help us deal with environmental problems.
D．Only Chinese people know about the 24 Solar Terms.
29．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The 24 Solar Terms guides farming activities.
B．The 24 Solar Terms is an important part of Chinese culture.
C．The 24 Solar Terms reflects changes of nature.
D．The 24 Solar Terms is still popular today.
Now, new energy vehicles (NEVs) are becoming more and more popular around the world. They are playing an important part in how we travel. NEVs have many good things compared to old cars that use gasoline (汽油).
First, they are better for the air. Most NEVs use electricity or other clean energy sources (能源来源). They make little or no bad gases when we drive them. This helps make the air cleaner and is good for our health. Second, it is cheaper to use them. As gasoline prices go up, driving old cars costs more money. But charging an electric car usually costs less.
The Chinese government has done a lot to help NEVs grow. For example, it gives people money support if they buy NEVs. This makes NEVs easier for people to buy. Also, the government is building more place for people to charge (充电) their cars quickly.
However, NEVs still face problems. One big problem is how far they can go on one charge. Some people are worried about cars stopping because they run out of power on a long trip. Another problem is that the batteries (电池) are expensive. Even though things are getting better, batteries cost a lot of money to make. This makes NEVs cost more money to buy.
Even with these problems, NEVs have a bright future. As new ways develop, we think these problems will be solved. More people will choose to drive NEVs. This will make our travel ways cleaner and better for the earth.
30．What does the underlined word "They" in Para 1 refer to
A．People around the world. B．New energy vehicles.
C．How we travel. D．Gasoline prices.
31．What good things do NEVs have compared to old cars
①They make cleaner air. ② They are better for our health.
③They have better places to charge. ④They cost less money to use.
A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．②③④
32．Why are NEVs easier for people to buy according to the text
A．Because they are very cheap.
B．Because the government gives money support.
C．Because charging is fast.
D．Because people like them.
33．What is a big problem for NEVs according to the text
A．They need many drivers.
B．They can't run fast on roads.
C．They can't go far on one charge.
D．They are too big for small streets.
34．Which of the following is TRUE
A．All new cars today are NEVs.
B．Driving old cars is cheaper now.
C．Batteries for NEVs cost less money now.
D．Buying an NEV is easier with the government's help.
四、补全对话
补全对话
A: 　35． 　
В: I think it is vеrу imрortant. Тo рrоtect thе envirоnmеnt is tо рrоtесt ourselves.
А: 　36． 　. We must dо оur pаrt fоr envirоnmеntal prоtection. Аir рollutiоn is sо seriоus thаt it evеn mаkes peорlе ill.
В:Right. 　37． 　
A: We cаn stаrt with smаll things in our dаily lifе, such аs not littering.
В: I think so. It will grеаtlу rеducе the pollutiоn if evеryonе takes aсtion tо рrоtect оur earth.
А: Уоu are right. Wеll, 　38． 　
B: How аbout setting up аn envirоnmеntal vоlunteеr grоuр
A: Thаt's greаt suggеstion. We can dо mоre if we sеt uр an envirоnmеntаl voluntееr grоuр.
В:Yеs. 　39． 　
A. What else can we do B. What do you think of environmental protection C. After all, many hands make light work. D. I agree with you. E. What can we do for it
五、语法填空
语法填空
About 470 pilot whales（巨头鲸）have been beached in Tasmania in Australia. This has been the 　40． 　（large）whale-beaching event in Tasmania since 1935. People are working hard 　41． 　（save）the whales.
Every year, around 2,000 large sea animals, such as dolphins and whales, die by 　42． 　（swim） onto a beach or into water that's too shallow（浅的）for 　43． 　（they）to swim away. This 　44． 　（know）as "beaching". Pilot whales and killer whales are some of the most commonly beached whales.
Rescue workers are trying to "refloat（使……再浮起）" the whales so they can swim away. The job is 　45． 　（especial）challenging because the whales are so large. Pilot whales can grow up to 7 meters long and can weigh up to 2,300 kg.
The rescue teams, numbering about 60 people, include 　46． 　（volunteer）, the police and workers from the Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service.
So far, around 25 whales have been rescued. Since 　47． 　 rescued whales will return to the place again where others are still in trouble, workers are trying to make sure that rescued whales don't get beached again.
Dr Carlyon from the rescue team says the cool, wet weather has helped keep the whales alive. He describes the weather as "pretty ugly out there for people on the ground, 　48． 　 as far as the whales go, it's perfect".
About 90 whales 　49． 　（die）so far. Rescue efforts are likely to continue for a few more days.
六、书面表达
50． 绿水青山就是金山银山 (Green mountains and clear waters are mountains of gold and silver)，这说明保护自然的重要性。假如你是李华，请根据下面的内容要点提示，以"Let's Protect Nature"为题写一篇80～100词的英语短文，参加学校的英语演讲比赛。
内容要点：
1. 保护自然的重要性：大自然提供给我们清新的空气、充足的食物和丰富的资源 (resource)；
2. 大自然所面临的问题：水资源被污染 (pollute)，森林面积大量减少，人们猎杀许多野生动物；
3. 呼吁：保护自然，与自然和谐 (in harmony) 相处。
Let's Protect Nature
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】表示特指；the
【解析】【分析】句意：看一下日历.今天是6月22日。由“it's June 22.”可知，此处表示特指。应用定冠词the。故选C。
【点评】考查冠词的用法。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】生活常识
【解析】【分析】句意：哪个标志与节能有关？根据图片内容：A.禁止停车；B.禁止抽烟；C.节约用水；可知C选项是和节能有关的，故答案为C。
【点评】考查生活常识。注意识记常用的标志。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】方式介词by
【解析】【分析】句意：大多数乡村的村民靠务农为生。A.by，介词，通过；B.with，介词，用，和；C.in，介词，在……里；D.for，介词，为了。live by doing something. 是固定搭配，意为"以……为生，靠 ……谋生"。根据句意，村民是通过务农来维持生计。故选A。
【点评】考查介词表方式、固定搭配。识记短语live by doing的用法。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析；方位介词on,above,below,over,under 的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：在冬天，北方的温度常常降到零度以下。A. under在……正下方；B. below在……以下，低于；C. above在……之上。根据"The temperature in the north… in winter."可知，这里说的是温度降到零度以下，"below"更侧重于表示温度、水平、数量等的低于，故答案为：B。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意区分"under"和"below"的用法。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】方位介词between, among, around的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：迈克在他班所有学生中学习最努力。between在两者之间；among在三者或以上之中；behind在……后面；during在……期间。根据"all the students in his class"可知，班级学生是三者以上，表示"在……之中"应用among。故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意：注意语境和逻辑：结合句子的语境和逻辑关系，选择最合适的介词。例如，在描述物体位置时，应根据物体之间的相对位置关系选择"above"、"over"、"on"等介词。
6．【答案】D
【知识点】give up
【解析】【分析】A推迟，B处理，C关系破裂，D放弃，根据句意应为永远放弃，故选D。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们在不久的将来全力以赴，我们城市的环境将得到极大改善。improved改进，一般过去时；was improved被改进，一般过去时的被动语态；has improved已经改进，现在完成时；will be improved将被改进，一般将来时的被动语态。此处为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循"主将从现" 的原则，且主语"The environment"与improve之间为被动关系，因此要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。注意：1. 时态判断：关注句子中的时间状语，如tomorrow（明天）、next year/month/week（明年/月/周）、in a few years time（几年后）、in the near future（在不久的将来）、soon（很快）、by + 时间点（到……为止）、in + 一段时间（在……内）等，这些时间状语都提示句子要用一般将来时。2. 分析句子主语和谓语动词的关系，如果主语是动作的承受者，而不是执行者，那么句子就要用被动语态。3. 条件状语从句：在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】宾语从句的陈述语序；动词不定式；how引导的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：沙老师，你能告诉我如何解决我和朋友们之间的问题吗？我觉得你需要一次交心的谈话。tell后接的宾语从句需用陈述语序，what can I solve my problems with my friends和how can I solve my problems with my friends均为疑问语序，不符合宾语从句的语法规则，可排除；what作连接词时需在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分，solve后已有宾语my problems，无需再用what，how作连接词表"如何"，在句中作方式状语，符合语境"疑问词+动词不定式"结构how to solve my problems with my friends可作tell的宾语，语法和语义均通顺，故答案为D。
【点评】考查宾语从句的语序和"疑问词+动词不定式"的用法。解题需牢记：宾语从句必须使用陈述语序；what在从句中需充当名词性成分，how在从句中作方式状语；"疑问词+动词不定式"结构可在句中作宾语，需根据句意选择合适的疑问词。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句的陈述语序；when引宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——丹尼，你知道音乐会什么时候开始吗？——明天下午4点。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结构是特殊疑问词+主语+谓语，B和D是疑问语序，排除B、D；A时态是一般过去时，C是一般将来时。At 4:00 pm tomorrow.表明时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，所以用will begin，故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句，首先识记宾语从句陈述语序，然后根据答语At 4:00 pm tomorrow.确定时态。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的陈述语序；when引宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：—— 凯西，我忘了我们什么时候可以看那个精彩的节目。—— 它在今晚8点，所以我们可以在那个时候看它。 此处是宾语从句，从句应该用陈述句语序，C和D是疑问句语序，应该排除；根据回答It is at eight o'clock tonight,可知，此处是忘记了节目的时间，用when引导宾语从句，故选A。
【点评】考查宾语从句的连接词和语序。注意宾语从句用陈述句语序，注意when引导宾语从句的用法。
【答案】11．A；12．C；13．C；14．B；15．A；16．C；17．D；18．A；19．D；20．A
【知识点】记叙文；自然科学研究
【解析】【分析】短文大意： 本文主要介绍了大自然对精神健康有好处。 在大自然中，我们变得更善于交际，这让我们感觉更积极，所以我们的心理健康会得到改善。
【点评】考查自然科学研究类阅读。首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
11．句意： 研究还表示，在自然环境中与他人共度时光有助于增进人际关系。 spending度过，花费；wasting浪费；talking谈话；cutting切。 根据"can help relationships"(有助于改善人际关系)可知，此处指的是在自然环境中与他人共度时光。spend意为"度过"，符合语境。 故答案为A。
12．句意： 即使是在城市公园和园艺也会有所不同。 take带走；bring带来；make使，制作；carry运载。 根据we feel more positive,so our mental health improves.我们感到更加积极，所以我们的精神健康得到改善；所以应该是有所影响； make a difference意为"有影响；起作用"，为固定搭配，故答案为C。
13．句意：香港城市大学的一项研究发现，大自然会增强我们对他人"完整人性"的看法。 why为什么；what什么；how怎样； which哪一个。 根据句意可知这里表示大自然增加我们怎么看待别人， how符合语境 ，故答案为C。
14．句意：这让我们自我感觉良好。 yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据we feel more positive,so our mental health improves.我们感到更加积极，所以我们的精神健康得到改善；所以是对我们自己感觉更好，故答案为B。
15．句意： 帮助别人也可以减少我们的压力和焦虑。reduce减少；increase增加；improve 改善，变得更好 ； keep保持。 reduce减少；根据 结合上下文和本句中的 also可知，这里表示帮助别人也可以减少我们的压力和焦虑。故答案为A。
16．句意： 心理健康是一个在世界范围内日益严重的大问题。 idea主意； way方法； problem问题；course课程。 根据下文尤其是 has mental health problems（有心理健康问题）可知心理健康是一个在世界各地日益严重的大问题。problem符合语境。 故答案为C。
17．句意： 越来越多的人患有焦虑、抑郁和其他精神疾病。coming from来自；worrying about但心；knowing about了解；suffering from遭受 。 文章第三段第一行：more people are suffering from anxiety,depression and other mental ilnesses.（ 越来越多的人患有焦虑、抑郁和其他心理疾病 ）可知越来越多的人在患有焦虑、沮丧和其他精神疾病， suffer from符合语境 ，故答案为D。
18．句意： 这项研究为大自然如何帮助解决这些问题提供了很好的建议。 advice建议；news新闻，消息；progress进步；knowledge知识。 advice意见；根据it says time spent among trees or in the fieldsis connected with better sleep（它说，在树林里或田野里度过的时间与更好的睡眠有关）结合上下文，可知这项研究为大自然如何帮助解决这些问题提供了很好的建议。advice符合语境。故答案为A。
19．句意： 日本千叶大学的一项研究发现，即使是鲜花也对心理健康有积极影响。said说；told告诉；answered回答；found发现。 根据本句的主语为 One study"一项研究"，可知这里表示研究发现，found符合语境。故答案为D。
20．句意： 研究人员发现，办公桌上放了一瓶玫瑰的员工在四分钟后变得更平静，压力也更小了。 calmer更冷静，更平静；sadder更伤心；madder更发疯；prouder 更骄傲。根据and less stressed （压力更小了）可知这里表示变得更平静的 ，压力也更小了； calmer符合语境 ，故答案为A。
【答案】21．D
22．C
23．B
24．D
【知识点】说明文；环保意识与环保行为；细节理解；推理判断；观点态度
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了环境俱乐部的一些情况，并呼吁学生一起保护环境。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及环保，是每个人都应该关注和重视的事情，文章结构清晰，内容明确很好理解，题目的设置尤其是最后一题关于文章结构的分析对于锻炼学生对文章结构的把握有很好的练习作用。
21．细节题。根据原文第三段Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.可知环保俱乐部要求学生把午餐装在可以重复使用的袋子里，故选D。
22．推断题。根据原文第四段Cars give pollution to us, so remember:Walk, jump, bike, or run! Use your legs! It's lots of fun!汽车给我们带来污染，所以请记住: 走路，跳，骑自行车，或者跑! 用你的腿!它很有趣!可知这个环保俱乐部建议人们步行上学，故选C。
23．综合分析题。根据原文第一段In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution.在世界大部分地区，许多学生帮助他们的学校减少污染，和最后一段We love our environment. Let's work together to make it better.我们热爱我们的环境。让我们一起努力，让它变得更好，可知作者写这篇文章的目的是叫学生们减少污染，保护环境，故选B。
24．综合分析题。通读全文，文章第一段是提出环保俱乐部，第二段是引出环保俱乐部对学生们有一些具体的建议和要求，第三四五段具体写这些要求是什么，第六段是呼吁大家一起保护环境，可知该篇文章的结构为"第一段—第二段—第三四五段—第六段"，故选D。
【答案】25．C
26．C
27．B
28．C
29．B
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是二十四节气：来自自然的智慧。介绍了其起源、作用、文化意义及现状等。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
25．细节理解题。根据"The 24 Solar Terms not only guides farming but also affects people's eating
habits and health."可知，二十四节气不仅影响农耕，还影响人们的饮食习惯和健康，C选项"只影响农耕活动"表述错误。故选C。
26．词义猜测题。根据"ready to be harvested"可知，准备收割，由此可推测，ripe 意为"成熟的"。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据"It has also been listed as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, showing the value of Chinese ancient wisdom to the world."可知，二十四节气被列为非物质文化遗产是因为它展示了中国古代的智慧。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据"As we face environmental challenges, this ancient wisdom can still guide us to live in harmony with nature."可推断，二十四节气能帮助我们应对环境问题。故选C。
29．主旨大意题。文章围绕二十四节气展开，介绍了其起源、作用、文化意义及现状，核心是 "二十四节气是中国文化的重要组成部分"。故选B。
【答案】30．B
31．C
32．B
33．C
34．D
【知识点】说明文；科学技术；科普知识
【答案】35．B；36．D；37．E；38．A；39．C
【知识点】其他语篇类型；环保意识与环保行为
【解析】【分析】本段对话围绕环保重要性展开，双方认为应从小事做起，还计划成立志愿小组，共同为环保出力。备选项的中文意思：
A. 我们还能做些什么呢？
B. 你对环境保护有什么看法？
C. 毕竟，人多力量大。
D. 我同意你的观点。
E. 我们能为它做些什么呢？
【点评】考查补全对话。补全对话旨在考查学生的语言理解、逻辑推理和表达能力。在做题时，首先通读全文把握大意。在开始补全对话之前，首先要通读全文，了解对话的整体内容、语境和背景信息。分析人物关系与话题，分析对话中的人物关系和话题是解题的关键步骤。通过识别对话中的角色及其互动方式，可以理解他们之间的关系和地位，进而推断出可能的对话内容和表达方式。抓住关键词与线索。在对话中，关键词和线索往往能揭示出重要的信息或暗示。因此，在补全对话时，要特别关注那些具有提示性的词汇或短语，它们可能指向答案的关键点。
35．根据"В: I think it is vеrу imрortant..."可知，此处在询问对方对环境保护的看法。选项B"你对环境保护有什么看法？"能自然引出后续回答，符合对话开头逻辑。故选B。
36．根据"А: ...We must dо оur pаrt..."的内容，是在表达对前文观点的认同。选项D"我同意你的观点。"与前文"I think it is very important"形成呼应，体现对话连贯性。故选D。
37．根据"В:Right..."的肯定回应和"A: We cаn stаrt with smаll things..."的解决方案，中间应填入过渡问句。选项E"我们能为它做些什么呢？"自然引出具体行动建议，符合语境发展。故选E。
38．根据"А: Уоu are right. Wеll..."的转折语气和后续"В: How аbout..."的新建议，此处应寻求更多方案。选项A"我们还能做些什么呢？"能推动对话深入，与下文建立逻辑连接。故选A。
39．根据对话结尾处成立志愿者团队的共识，选项C"毕竟，人多力量大。"既总结前文，又呼应"many hands"的团队合作理念，是自然结束语。故选C。
【答案】40．largest；41．to save；42．swimming；43．them；44．is known；45．especially；46．volunteers；47．the；48．but；49．have died
【知识点】说明文；生态系统；人与自然和谐共生；but；especially；large；swimming；the；them；volunteer
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了1936年以来的最大的一次发生在澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚拯救搁浅鲸鱼的行动，为了拯救这些巨大的海洋动物，一个约60人的团队已经努力了数日，且将继续奋斗。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意
要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。
40．句意：这是自1935年以来塔斯马尼亚最大的鲸鱼搁浅事件。根据时间状语since 1935和空前the的提示可知，空处形容词应用最高级形式largest，故填largest。
41．句意：人们正在努力工作来拯救鲸鱼。根据句子结构可知，空处是目的状语，应用动词不定式来表达，其构成形式为to do。故填to save。
42．句意：每年，大约有200只大型海洋动物，如海豚和鲸鱼，因游泳到海滩上或游泳到太浅而无法游走的水中而死亡，空处的动词在介词by之后，应用动名词形式swim的动名词形式为swimming。故填swimming。
43．句意：每年，大约有2000只大型海洋动物，如海豚和鲸鱼，因游泳到海滩上或游泳到太浅而无法游走的水中而死亡，空处的代词在介词for之后，应用宾格形式，they它们，是主格代词，对应的宾格代词是them它们。故填them。
44．句意：这被称为"搁浅事件"。be known as"被称为"，主语是第三人称单数形式，故be用is。故填is known。
45．句意：这项工作特别具有挑战性，因为鲸鱼太大了。根据句意可知，空处的词是修饰动词，应用副词especial特别的，形容词，对应的副词是especially特别地。故填especially。
46．句意：救援队总共大约有60人，包括志愿者、警察以及来自塔斯马尼亚公园和野生动物服务局的工作人员。volunteer志愿者，可数名词，此处应用复数名词表示类别。故填volunteers.
47．句意：由于获救的鲸鱼将再次回到其他鲸鱼仍处于困境的地方，工作人员正在努力确保获救的鲸鱼不会再次搁浅，根据语境可知，此处特指被拯救的鲸鱼，故应用定冠词the。故填the。
48．句意：他形容那里的天气为"对地面上的人来说相当难看，但就鲸鱼而言，它是完美的"。分析空前后句意可知，这是人类和鲸鱼对气候的不同感知，故空处表示转折。应用but。故填but。
49．句意：到目前为止，大约有90头鲸鱼死亡，根据时间状语so far可知，句子应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done，主语是复数形式，故助动词应用have；die的过去分词是died。故填have died。
50．【答案】One possible version:
Let's Protect Nature
Hello, everyone. I'm Li Hua. As we all know, green mountains and clear waters are mountains of gold and silver. Nature is very important to us because it provides us with fresh air, enough food and rich resources.
However, nature is in danger now. Water is polluted, forests are becoming smaller, and some people hunt many wild animals.
Nature is the only home we have. It's time for us to take action. We should protect nature and live in harmony with it. Let's work together to make our world more beautiful!
【知识点】提纲作文；应用文；环境污染问题；环保意识与环保行为
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，为演讲稿；时态主要为"一般现在时"；围绕保护自然的重要性、面临问题及行动呼吁展开，需包含题干所有要点。写作时首先点明自然的重要性，说明自然为人类提供必要的生存资源；然后指出当前自然面临的污染、破坏等严峻问题；最后发出保护自然的呼吁，倡导与自然和谐共处。
【点评】考查提纲作文。所给例文首先点名了保护环境的重要性，受用了As we all know、be mountains of、be important to、provide sb. with sth等短语；然后指出了目前面临的环境问题，使用了in danger、hunt many wild animals等短语；最后发出保护环境的倡议，使用了take action、in harmony with、let sb. do。其中从句"Nature is very important to us because it provides us with fresh air, enough food and rich resources. (because引导的原因状语从句)"和"Nature is the only home we have. (省略关系代词的定语从句)"增强了文章的表达效果。
1 / 1外研版英语八年级下册Unit 6 Living with nature单元基础测试卷
一、单项选择题
1．Look at calendar. It's June 22.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
【答案】C
【知识点】表示特指；the
【解析】【分析】句意：看一下日历.今天是6月22日。由“it's June 22.”可知，此处表示特指。应用定冠词the。故选C。
【点评】考查冠词的用法。
2．Which sign has something to do with saving the energy
A． B． C．
【答案】C
【知识点】生活常识
【解析】【分析】句意：哪个标志与节能有关？根据图片内容：A.禁止停车；B.禁止抽烟；C.节约用水；可知C选项是和节能有关的，故答案为C。
【点评】考查生活常识。注意识记常用的标志。
3． Most villagers in the countryside live ____ farming.
A．by B．with C．in D．for
【答案】A
【知识点】方式介词by
【解析】【分析】句意：大多数乡村的村民靠务农为生。A.by，介词，通过；B.with，介词，用，和；C.in，介词，在……里；D.for，介词，为了。live by doing something. 是固定搭配，意为"以……为生，靠 ……谋生"。根据句意，村民是通过务农来维持生计。故选A。
【点评】考查介词表方式、固定搭配。识记短语live by doing的用法。
4． The temperature in the north often drops ____ zero in winter.
A．under B．below C．above
【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析；方位介词on,above,below,over,under 的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：在冬天，北方的温度常常降到零度以下。A. under在……正下方；B. below在……以下，低于；C. above在……之上。根据"The temperature in the north… in winter."可知，这里说的是温度降到零度以下，"below"更侧重于表示温度、水平、数量等的低于，故答案为：B。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意区分"under"和"below"的用法。
5． Mike works the hardest ____ all the students in his class.
A．between B．among C．behind D．during
【答案】B
【知识点】方位介词between, among, around的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：迈克在他班所有学生中学习最努力。between在两者之间；among在三者或以上之中；behind在……后面；during在……期间。根据"all the students in his class"可知，班级学生是三者以上，表示"在……之中"应用among。故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析。注意：注意语境和逻辑：结合句子的语境和逻辑关系，选择最合适的介词。例如，在描述物体位置时，应根据物体之间的相对位置关系选择"above"、"over"、"on"等介词。
6．David Beckham decided to __________ playing football match forever because he is not energetic(精力充沛的)enough.
A．put off B．deal with C．break off D．give up
【答案】D
【知识点】give up
【解析】【分析】A推迟，B处理，C关系破裂，D放弃，根据句意应为永远放弃，故选D。
7． The environment in our city ____ greatly if we make every effort in the near future.
A．improved B．was improved
C．has improved D．will be improved
【答案】D
【知识点】一般将来时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们在不久的将来全力以赴，我们城市的环境将得到极大改善。improved改进，一般过去时；was improved被改进，一般过去时的被动语态；has improved已经改进，现在完成时；will be improved将被改进，一般将来时的被动语态。此处为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循"主将从现" 的原则，且主语"The environment"与improve之间为被动关系，因此要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。注意：1. 时态判断：关注句子中的时间状语，如tomorrow（明天）、next year/month/week（明年/月/周）、in a few years time（几年后）、in the near future（在不久的将来）、soon（很快）、by + 时间点（到……为止）、in + 一段时间（在……内）等，这些时间状语都提示句子要用一般将来时。2. 分析句子主语和谓语动词的关系，如果主语是动作的承受者，而不是执行者，那么句子就要用被动语态。3. 条件状语从句：在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。
8． —Ms. Sha, could you tell me ____
—I think you need a heart-to-heart talk.
A．what can I solve my problems with my friends
B．how can I solve my problems with my friends
C．what to solve my problems with my friends
D．how to solve my problems with my friends
【答案】D
【知识点】宾语从句的陈述语序；动词不定式；how引导的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：沙老师，你能告诉我如何解决我和朋友们之间的问题吗？我觉得你需要一次交心的谈话。tell后接的宾语从句需用陈述语序，what can I solve my problems with my friends和how can I solve my problems with my friends均为疑问语序，不符合宾语从句的语法规则，可排除；what作连接词时需在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分，solve后已有宾语my problems，无需再用what，how作连接词表"如何"，在句中作方式状语，符合语境"疑问词+动词不定式"结构how to solve my problems with my friends可作tell的宾语，语法和语义均通顺，故答案为D。
【点评】考查宾语从句的语序和"疑问词+动词不定式"的用法。解题需牢记：宾语从句必须使用陈述语序；what在从句中需充当名词性成分，how在从句中作方式状语；"疑问词+动词不定式"结构可在句中作宾语，需根据句意选择合适的疑问词。
9． — Do you know ____ , Danny
— At 4:00 pm tomorrow.
A．when the concert began B．when did the concert begin
C．when the concert will begin D．when will the concert begin
【答案】C
【知识点】宾语从句的陈述语序；when引宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——丹尼，你知道音乐会什么时候开始吗？——明天下午4点。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结构是特殊疑问词+主语+谓语，B和D是疑问语序，排除B、D；A时态是一般过去时，C是一般将来时。At 4:00 pm tomorrow.表明时态是一般将来时，结构是will+动词原形，所以用will begin，故选C。
【点评】考查宾语从句，首先识记宾语从句陈述语序，然后根据答语At 4:00 pm tomorrow.确定时态。
10． — Cathy, I forget ____ this wonderful programme.
— It is at eight o'clock tonight, so we can watch it at that time.
A．when we can watch B．where we can watch
C．when can we watch D．where can we watch
【答案】A
【知识点】宾语从句的陈述语序；when引宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：—— 凯西，我忘了我们什么时候可以看那个精彩的节目。—— 它在今晚8点，所以我们可以在那个时候看它。 此处是宾语从句，从句应该用陈述句语序，C和D是疑问句语序，应该排除；根据回答It is at eight o'clock tonight,可知，此处是忘记了节目的时间，用when引导宾语从句，故选A。
【点评】考查宾语从句的连接词和语序。注意宾语从句用陈述句语序，注意when引导宾语从句的用法。
二、完形填空
We all know that being in nature is good for us. New research suggests that being in the natural world for just 10 minutes can help our mental health. The research also says 11． time with others in natural environments can help relationships. Even being in city parks and gardening can 12． a difference. A study from the City University of Hong Kong found that nature increases 13． we see other people as "fully human". The researchers say this makes us help and cooperate(合作) with others more. We become more sociable (好交际的). This makes us feel better about 14． . We feel more positive, so our mental health improves. Helping other people can also 15． our stress and anxiety.
Mental health is a big 16． that is growing around the world. More people are 17． anxiety, depression and other mental illnesses. The National Alliance on Mental Illness in the USA reported that one in five Americans has mental health problems. The research contains good 18． on how nature can help with these problems. It says time spent among trees or in the fields is connected with better sleep. One study from Chiba University in Japan 19． that even flowers have positive effects on mental health. * Researchers found that employees who had a vase of roses on their desk became 20． and less stressed after just four minutes.
11．A． spending B． wasting C． talking D． cutting
12．A． take B． bring C． make D． carry
13．A． why B． what C． how D． which
14．A． yourselves B． ourselves C． herself D． himself
15．A． reduce B． increase C． improve D． keep
16．A． idea B． way C． problem D． course
17．A． coming from B． worrying about
C． knowing about D． suffering from
18．A． advice B． news C． progress D． knowledge
19．A． said B． told C． answered D． found
20．A． calmer B． sadder C． madder D． prouder
【答案】11．A；12．C；13．C；14．B；15．A；16．C；17．D；18．A；19．D；20．A
【知识点】记叙文；自然科学研究
【解析】【分析】短文大意： 本文主要介绍了大自然对精神健康有好处。 在大自然中，我们变得更善于交际，这让我们感觉更积极，所以我们的心理健康会得到改善。
【点评】考查自然科学研究类阅读。首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
11．句意： 研究还表示，在自然环境中与他人共度时光有助于增进人际关系。 spending度过，花费；wasting浪费；talking谈话；cutting切。 根据"can help relationships"(有助于改善人际关系)可知，此处指的是在自然环境中与他人共度时光。spend意为"度过"，符合语境。 故答案为A。
12．句意： 即使是在城市公园和园艺也会有所不同。 take带走；bring带来；make使，制作；carry运载。 根据we feel more positive,so our mental health improves.我们感到更加积极，所以我们的精神健康得到改善；所以应该是有所影响； make a difference意为"有影响；起作用"，为固定搭配，故答案为C。
13．句意：香港城市大学的一项研究发现，大自然会增强我们对他人"完整人性"的看法。 why为什么；what什么；how怎样； which哪一个。 根据句意可知这里表示大自然增加我们怎么看待别人， how符合语境 ，故答案为C。
14．句意：这让我们自我感觉良好。 yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据we feel more positive,so our mental health improves.我们感到更加积极，所以我们的精神健康得到改善；所以是对我们自己感觉更好，故答案为B。
15．句意： 帮助别人也可以减少我们的压力和焦虑。reduce减少；increase增加；improve 改善，变得更好 ； keep保持。 reduce减少；根据 结合上下文和本句中的 also可知，这里表示帮助别人也可以减少我们的压力和焦虑。故答案为A。
16．句意： 心理健康是一个在世界范围内日益严重的大问题。 idea主意； way方法； problem问题；course课程。 根据下文尤其是 has mental health problems（有心理健康问题）可知心理健康是一个在世界各地日益严重的大问题。problem符合语境。 故答案为C。
17．句意： 越来越多的人患有焦虑、抑郁和其他精神疾病。coming from来自；worrying about但心；knowing about了解；suffering from遭受 。 文章第三段第一行：more people are suffering from anxiety,depression and other mental ilnesses.（ 越来越多的人患有焦虑、抑郁和其他心理疾病 ）可知越来越多的人在患有焦虑、沮丧和其他精神疾病， suffer from符合语境 ，故答案为D。
18．句意： 这项研究为大自然如何帮助解决这些问题提供了很好的建议。 advice建议；news新闻，消息；progress进步；knowledge知识。 advice意见；根据it says time spent among trees or in the fieldsis connected with better sleep（它说，在树林里或田野里度过的时间与更好的睡眠有关）结合上下文，可知这项研究为大自然如何帮助解决这些问题提供了很好的建议。advice符合语境。故答案为A。
19．句意： 日本千叶大学的一项研究发现，即使是鲜花也对心理健康有积极影响。said说；told告诉；answered回答；found发现。 根据本句的主语为 One study"一项研究"，可知这里表示研究发现，found符合语境。故答案为D。
20．句意： 研究人员发现，办公桌上放了一瓶玫瑰的员工在四分钟后变得更平静，压力也更小了。 calmer更冷静，更平静；sadder更伤心；madder更发疯；prouder 更骄傲。根据and less stressed （压力更小了）可知这里表示变得更平静的 ，压力也更小了； calmer符合语境 ，故答案为A。
三、阅读理解
阅读理解
①In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution.They join environment clubs. In an environment club, people work together to make ourenvironment clean.
②Here are some things students often do.
③No-garbage lunches. How many lunch bags do you throw away after lunch Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to thewhole school.
④No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car including thestudents and the teachers. Cars give pollution to us, so remember:
Walk, jump, bike, or run!
Use your legs! It's lots of fun!
⑤Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic meters of water an hour In a year, that would fill in a small river. In the environment clubs, students mend those broken toilets, so that they can be used again and the water won't be wasted anymore.
⑥We love our environment. Let's work together to make it better.
21．What do environment clubs ask students to do
A．To run to school every day.
B．To take exercise every day.
C．Not to have lunch at school.
D．To bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.
22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．On a no-car day, both students and teachers will take a car to school.
B．The whole school will know the classes that make the most garbage.
C．The environment clubs advise people to walk to school.
D．The environment clubs will ask students to turn off the light.
23．Why does the writer write the passage
A．To ask students to clean schools.
B．To ask students to make less pollution.
C．To ask students to join clubs.
D．To ask students to help teachers.
24．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】21．D
22．C
23．B
24．D
【知识点】说明文；环保意识与环保行为；细节理解；推理判断；观点态度
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了环境俱乐部的一些情况，并呼吁学生一起保护环境。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及环保，是每个人都应该关注和重视的事情，文章结构清晰，内容明确很好理解，题目的设置尤其是最后一题关于文章结构的分析对于锻炼学生对文章结构的把握有很好的练习作用。
21．细节题。根据原文第三段Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.可知环保俱乐部要求学生把午餐装在可以重复使用的袋子里，故选D。
22．推断题。根据原文第四段Cars give pollution to us, so remember:Walk, jump, bike, or run! Use your legs! It's lots of fun!汽车给我们带来污染，所以请记住: 走路，跳，骑自行车，或者跑! 用你的腿!它很有趣!可知这个环保俱乐部建议人们步行上学，故选C。
23．综合分析题。根据原文第一段In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution.在世界大部分地区，许多学生帮助他们的学校减少污染，和最后一段We love our environment. Let's work together to make it better.我们热爱我们的环境。让我们一起努力，让它变得更好，可知作者写这篇文章的目的是叫学生们减少污染，保护环境，故选B。
24．综合分析题。通读全文，文章第一段是提出环保俱乐部，第二段是引出环保俱乐部对学生们有一些具体的建议和要求，第三四五段具体写这些要求是什么，第六段是呼吁大家一起保护环境，可知该篇文章的结构为"第一段—第二段—第三四五段—第六段"，故选D。
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、В、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The 24 Solar Terms: Wisdom from Nature
The 24 Solar Terms is an ancient calendar system developed by Chinese people to guide farming activities. It is based on the changes of nature, such as the position of the sun, the temperature and the growth of plants. For thousands of years, it has been an important part of Chinese culture and daily life.
The 24 Solar Terms start with Start of Spring and ends with Major Cold. Each term lasts about 15 days. They reflect the changes of seasons, climate and natural phenomena. For example, Grain in Ear is a term when wheat is ripe and ready to be harvested. Minor Heat and Major Heat are the hottest periods of the year, while Minor Cold and Major Cold are the coldest.
The 24 Solar Terms not only guides farming but also affects people's eating habits and health. On Start of Spring, many people eat spring pancakes to welcome the new season. On Start of Winter, dumplings are a popular food in northern China. People also adjust their daily activities according to the terms. For example, during Minor Heat, people try to stay cool and avoid overworking.
Today, although fewer people are farmers, the 24 Solar Terms is still popular. Many young people are interested in it and share related paintings, poems and stories online. It has also been listed as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, showing the value of Chinese ancient wisdom to the world.
The 24 Solar Terms is more than a calendar. It is a bridge between humans and nature, teaching us to respect and follow natural laws. As we face environmental challenges, this ancient wisdom can still guide us to live in harmony with nature.
25．Which of the following is NOT true about the 24 Solar Terms
A．It is based on natural changes.
B．Each term lasts about half a month.
C．It only affects farming activities.
D．It has a history of thousands of years.
26．What does the underlined word "ripe" mean in Chinese
A．播种 B．生长 C．成熟 D．收割
27．Why is the 24 Solar Terms listed as an intangible cultural heritage
A．Because it is a calendar system.
B．Because it shows Chinese ancient wisdom.
C．Because it is popular among young people.
D．Because it guides people's eating habits.
28．What can we infer from the passage
A．The 24 Solar Terms will disappear in the future.
B．People no longer need the 24 Solar Terms today.
C．The 24 Solar Terms can help us deal with environmental problems.
D．Only Chinese people know about the 24 Solar Terms.
29．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The 24 Solar Terms guides farming activities.
B．The 24 Solar Terms is an important part of Chinese culture.
C．The 24 Solar Terms reflects changes of nature.
D．The 24 Solar Terms is still popular today.
【答案】25．C
26．C
27．B
28．C
29．B
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是二十四节气：来自自然的智慧。介绍了其起源、作用、文化意义及现状等。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
25．细节理解题。根据"The 24 Solar Terms not only guides farming but also affects people's eating
habits and health."可知，二十四节气不仅影响农耕，还影响人们的饮食习惯和健康，C选项"只影响农耕活动"表述错误。故选C。
26．词义猜测题。根据"ready to be harvested"可知，准备收割，由此可推测，ripe 意为"成熟的"。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据"It has also been listed as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, showing the value of Chinese ancient wisdom to the world."可知，二十四节气被列为非物质文化遗产是因为它展示了中国古代的智慧。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据"As we face environmental challenges, this ancient wisdom can still guide us to live in harmony with nature."可推断，二十四节气能帮助我们应对环境问题。故选C。
29．主旨大意题。文章围绕二十四节气展开，介绍了其起源、作用、文化意义及现状，核心是 "二十四节气是中国文化的重要组成部分"。故选B。
Now, new energy vehicles (NEVs) are becoming more and more popular around the world. They are playing an important part in how we travel. NEVs have many good things compared to old cars that use gasoline (汽油).
First, they are better for the air. Most NEVs use electricity or other clean energy sources (能源来源). They make little or no bad gases when we drive them. This helps make the air cleaner and is good for our health. Second, it is cheaper to use them. As gasoline prices go up, driving old cars costs more money. But charging an electric car usually costs less.
The Chinese government has done a lot to help NEVs grow. For example, it gives people money support if they buy NEVs. This makes NEVs easier for people to buy. Also, the government is building more place for people to charge (充电) their cars quickly.
However, NEVs still face problems. One big problem is how far they can go on one charge. Some people are worried about cars stopping because they run out of power on a long trip. Another problem is that the batteries (电池) are expensive. Even though things are getting better, batteries cost a lot of money to make. This makes NEVs cost more money to buy.
Even with these problems, NEVs have a bright future. As new ways develop, we think these problems will be solved. More people will choose to drive NEVs. This will make our travel ways cleaner and better for the earth.
30．What does the underlined word "They" in Para 1 refer to
A．People around the world. B．New energy vehicles.
C．How we travel. D．Gasoline prices.
31．What good things do NEVs have compared to old cars
①They make cleaner air. ② They are better for our health.
③They have better places to charge. ④They cost less money to use.
A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．①②④ D．②③④
32．Why are NEVs easier for people to buy according to the text
A．Because they are very cheap.
B．Because the government gives money support.
C．Because charging is fast.
D．Because people like them.
33．What is a big problem for NEVs according to the text
A．They need many drivers.
B．They can't run fast on roads.
C．They can't go far on one charge.
D．They are too big for small streets.
34．Which of the following is TRUE
A．All new cars today are NEVs.
B．Driving old cars is cheaper now.
C．Batteries for NEVs cost less money now.
D．Buying an NEV is easier with the government's help.
【答案】30．B
31．C
32．B
33．C
34．D
【知识点】说明文；科学技术；科普知识
四、补全对话
补全对话
A: 　35． 　
В: I think it is vеrу imрortant. Тo рrоtect thе envirоnmеnt is tо рrоtесt ourselves.
А: 　36． 　. We must dо оur pаrt fоr envirоnmеntal prоtection. Аir рollutiоn is sо seriоus thаt it evеn mаkes peорlе ill.
В:Right. 　37． 　
A: We cаn stаrt with smаll things in our dаily lifе, such аs not littering.
В: I think so. It will grеаtlу rеducе the pollutiоn if evеryonе takes aсtion tо рrоtect оur earth.
А: Уоu are right. Wеll, 　38． 　
B: How аbout setting up аn envirоnmеntal vоlunteеr grоuр
A: Thаt's greаt suggеstion. We can dо mоre if we sеt uр an envirоnmеntаl voluntееr grоuр.
В:Yеs. 　39． 　
A. What else can we do B. What do you think of environmental protection C. After all, many hands make light work. D. I agree with you. E. What can we do for it
【答案】35．B；36．D；37．E；38．A；39．C
【知识点】其他语篇类型；环保意识与环保行为
【解析】【分析】本段对话围绕环保重要性展开，双方认为应从小事做起，还计划成立志愿小组，共同为环保出力。备选项的中文意思：
A. 我们还能做些什么呢？
B. 你对环境保护有什么看法？
C. 毕竟，人多力量大。
D. 我同意你的观点。
E. 我们能为它做些什么呢？
【点评】考查补全对话。补全对话旨在考查学生的语言理解、逻辑推理和表达能力。在做题时，首先通读全文把握大意。在开始补全对话之前，首先要通读全文，了解对话的整体内容、语境和背景信息。分析人物关系与话题，分析对话中的人物关系和话题是解题的关键步骤。通过识别对话中的角色及其互动方式，可以理解他们之间的关系和地位，进而推断出可能的对话内容和表达方式。抓住关键词与线索。在对话中，关键词和线索往往能揭示出重要的信息或暗示。因此，在补全对话时，要特别关注那些具有提示性的词汇或短语，它们可能指向答案的关键点。
35．根据"В: I think it is vеrу imрortant..."可知，此处在询问对方对环境保护的看法。选项B"你对环境保护有什么看法？"能自然引出后续回答，符合对话开头逻辑。故选B。
36．根据"А: ...We must dо оur pаrt..."的内容，是在表达对前文观点的认同。选项D"我同意你的观点。"与前文"I think it is very important"形成呼应，体现对话连贯性。故选D。
37．根据"В:Right..."的肯定回应和"A: We cаn stаrt with smаll things..."的解决方案，中间应填入过渡问句。选项E"我们能为它做些什么呢？"自然引出具体行动建议，符合语境发展。故选E。
38．根据"А: Уоu are right. Wеll..."的转折语气和后续"В: How аbout..."的新建议，此处应寻求更多方案。选项A"我们还能做些什么呢？"能推动对话深入，与下文建立逻辑连接。故选A。
39．根据对话结尾处成立志愿者团队的共识，选项C"毕竟，人多力量大。"既总结前文，又呼应"many hands"的团队合作理念，是自然结束语。故选C。
五、语法填空
语法填空
About 470 pilot whales（巨头鲸）have been beached in Tasmania in Australia. This has been the 　40． 　（large）whale-beaching event in Tasmania since 1935. People are working hard 　41． 　（save）the whales.
Every year, around 2,000 large sea animals, such as dolphins and whales, die by 　42． 　（swim） onto a beach or into water that's too shallow（浅的）for 　43． 　（they）to swim away. This 　44． 　（know）as "beaching". Pilot whales and killer whales are some of the most commonly beached whales.
Rescue workers are trying to "refloat（使……再浮起）" the whales so they can swim away. The job is 　45． 　（especial）challenging because the whales are so large. Pilot whales can grow up to 7 meters long and can weigh up to 2,300 kg.
The rescue teams, numbering about 60 people, include 　46． 　（volunteer）, the police and workers from the Tasmania Parks and Wildlife Service.
So far, around 25 whales have been rescued. Since 　47． 　 rescued whales will return to the place again where others are still in trouble, workers are trying to make sure that rescued whales don't get beached again.
Dr Carlyon from the rescue team says the cool, wet weather has helped keep the whales alive. He describes the weather as "pretty ugly out there for people on the ground, 　48． 　 as far as the whales go, it's perfect".
About 90 whales 　49． 　（die）so far. Rescue efforts are likely to continue for a few more days.
【答案】40．largest；41．to save；42．swimming；43．them；44．is known；45．especially；46．volunteers；47．the；48．but；49．have died
【知识点】说明文；生态系统；人与自然和谐共生；but；especially；large；swimming；the；them；volunteer
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了1936年以来的最大的一次发生在澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚拯救搁浅鲸鱼的行动，为了拯救这些巨大的海洋动物，一个约60人的团队已经努力了数日，且将继续奋斗。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格先通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意
要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。
40．句意：这是自1935年以来塔斯马尼亚最大的鲸鱼搁浅事件。根据时间状语since 1935和空前the的提示可知，空处形容词应用最高级形式largest，故填largest。
41．句意：人们正在努力工作来拯救鲸鱼。根据句子结构可知，空处是目的状语，应用动词不定式来表达，其构成形式为to do。故填to save。
42．句意：每年，大约有200只大型海洋动物，如海豚和鲸鱼，因游泳到海滩上或游泳到太浅而无法游走的水中而死亡，空处的动词在介词by之后，应用动名词形式swim的动名词形式为swimming。故填swimming。
43．句意：每年，大约有2000只大型海洋动物，如海豚和鲸鱼，因游泳到海滩上或游泳到太浅而无法游走的水中而死亡，空处的代词在介词for之后，应用宾格形式，they它们，是主格代词，对应的宾格代词是them它们。故填them。
44．句意：这被称为"搁浅事件"。be known as"被称为"，主语是第三人称单数形式，故be用is。故填is known。
45．句意：这项工作特别具有挑战性，因为鲸鱼太大了。根据句意可知，空处的词是修饰动词，应用副词especial特别的，形容词，对应的副词是especially特别地。故填especially。
46．句意：救援队总共大约有60人，包括志愿者、警察以及来自塔斯马尼亚公园和野生动物服务局的工作人员。volunteer志愿者，可数名词，此处应用复数名词表示类别。故填volunteers.
47．句意：由于获救的鲸鱼将再次回到其他鲸鱼仍处于困境的地方，工作人员正在努力确保获救的鲸鱼不会再次搁浅，根据语境可知，此处特指被拯救的鲸鱼，故应用定冠词the。故填the。
48．句意：他形容那里的天气为"对地面上的人来说相当难看，但就鲸鱼而言，它是完美的"。分析空前后句意可知，这是人类和鲸鱼对气候的不同感知，故空处表示转折。应用but。故填but。
49．句意：到目前为止，大约有90头鲸鱼死亡，根据时间状语so far可知，句子应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done，主语是复数形式，故助动词应用have；die的过去分词是died。故填have died。
六、书面表达
50． 绿水青山就是金山银山 (Green mountains and clear waters are mountains of gold and silver)，这说明保护自然的重要性。假如你是李华，请根据下面的内容要点提示，以"Let's Protect Nature"为题写一篇80～100词的英语短文，参加学校的英语演讲比赛。
内容要点：
1. 保护自然的重要性：大自然提供给我们清新的空气、充足的食物和丰富的资源 (resource)；
2. 大自然所面临的问题：水资源被污染 (pollute)，森林面积大量减少，人们猎杀许多野生动物；
3. 呼吁：保护自然，与自然和谐 (in harmony) 相处。
Let's Protect Nature
【答案】One possible version:
Let's Protect Nature
Hello, everyone. I'm Li Hua. As we all know, green mountains and clear waters are mountains of gold and silver. Nature is very important to us because it provides us with fresh air, enough food and rich resources.
However, nature is in danger now. Water is polluted, forests are becoming smaller, and some people hunt many wild animals.
Nature is the only home we have. It's time for us to take action. We should protect nature and live in harmony with it. Let's work together to make our world more beautiful!
【知识点】提纲作文；应用文；环境污染问题；环保意识与环保行为
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，为演讲稿；时态主要为"一般现在时"；围绕保护自然的重要性、面临问题及行动呼吁展开，需包含题干所有要点。写作时首先点明自然的重要性，说明自然为人类提供必要的生存资源；然后指出当前自然面临的污染、破坏等严峻问题；最后发出保护自然的呼吁，倡导与自然和谐共处。
【点评】考查提纲作文。所给例文首先点名了保护环境的重要性，受用了As we all know、be mountains of、be important to、provide sb. with sth等短语；然后指出了目前面临的环境问题，使用了in danger、hunt many wild animals等短语；最后发出保护环境的倡议，使用了take action、in harmony with、let sb. do。其中从句"Nature is very important to us because it provides us with fresh air, enough food and rich resources. (because引导的原因状语从句)"和"Nature is the only home we have. (省略关系代词的定语从句)"增强了文章的表达效果。
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