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外研版英语八年级下册Unit 6 Living with nature 词汇/短语和语法同步练习
一、单词拼写（单句）
1． The v　 　（村民）were friendly to me when I visited the countryside.
2． The 24 Solar Terms are full of ancient Chinese 　 　 (智慧).
3． We should protect our natural　 　(环境).
4． Everyone in our class is looking forward to the a　 　. (到来) of the new math teacher.
5． Enough exercise outdoors can make us e　 　. (精力充沛的).
6．Winter is a beautiful season, e　 　 (尤其) when it snows.
7． Solar 　 　 (能源) is a kind of clean and renewable energy.
8．The population has 　 　 (增加) from 1.2 million 10 years ago to 1.8 million now.
9．These days parents become much　 　( 疯狂的) to push their children hard.
10． And because of the bad weather, we couldn't see anything b　 　(在下面).
二、选词填空（语篇）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
wise; and; know; arrive; sweet; mean; at; grow; village; memory
It was early one morning of Grain in Ear. Lively birds sang 　11． 　 in the trees. Villagers hurried to the fields. This is one of the best 　12． 　 of my childhood. I grew up in the countryside of Shandong Province. Most of the 　13． 　there lived by farming. The 24 Solar Terms 　14． 　so much to them. The changes of the terms guided both their farming activities and daily lives. The terms helped them understand why things happened 　15． 　 certain times, and how they should react.
I didn't know how popular the paintings would become. I'm so happy that many people, especially the young, are taking a new interest in the ancient 　16． 　.
When I 　17． 　 up and left my hometown, the 24 Solar Terms followed me. The 24 Solar Terms are 　18． 　 as the "Fifth Great Invention of China". They help people understand why nature works this way. Many of the 24 Solar Terms bear social and cultural meanings, too. People celebrate their 　19． 　 with traditional activities. For example, many people still eat spring pancakes at Start of Spring 　20． 　 dumplings at Start of Winter. The ancient calendar has never disappeared from the life of the Chinese.
三、阅读选择
阅读理解
Have you ever visited Xiong'an Business Service Center Do you know anything special about it On top of the center's six buildings, there are about 28,400 solar panels (太阳能板). They match perfectly with the traditional Chinese design of the buildings. If they were put together, the solar panels would cover an area of 1. 4 standard football fields. These panels now can produce 5% of the electricity that is needed for the center.
Using local clean energy plays an important role in Xiong'an New Area's progress. Solar panels which cover some buildings are used to provide electricity in the area. In the future, the solar panel project will produce more electricity. The electricity will first be used by companies in the area, and the rest will be shared.
The solar panel project is good for the environment and economy(经济). It not only helps to reduce greenhouse gases (温室气体), but also lowers electricity costs for companies in the area. The project is expected to produce nearly 3. 5 million kWh of electricity. This means that about 3,000 tons of greenhouse gases will be avoided every year.
There are already a number of projects in the area. These projects use solar power and other clean energy. Two new projects will be started: an energy-saving lighting project and a green heating project. The purpose of the two new projects is to further cut pollution. Xiong'an New Area is on the way to becoming a green modern city.
21．What is on top of the center's six buildings
A．Solar panels. B．Football fields.
C．A modern business office. D．A traditional Chinese garden.
22． What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The ways of saving electricity.
B．The advantages of the project.
C．The effects of greenhouse gases.
D．The costs of running companies.
23．What is the purpose of the two new projects
A．To cut pollution. B．To plant more trees.
C．To use more energy. D．To produce electricity.
24．Where is the text most probably from
A．A diary. B．A newspaper. C．A guidebook. D．A storybook.
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、В、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The 24 Solar Terms: Wisdom from Nature
The 24 Solar Terms is an ancient calendar system developed by Chinese people to guide farming activities. It is based on the changes of nature, such as the position of the sun, the temperature and the growth of plants. For thousands of years, it has been an important part of Chinese culture and daily life.
The 24 Solar Terms start with Start of Spring and ends with Major Cold. Each term lasts about 15 days. They reflect the changes of seasons, climate and natural phenomena. For example, Grain in Ear is a term when wheat is ripe and ready to be harvested. Minor Heat and Major Heat are the hottest periods of the year, while Minor Cold and Major Cold are the coldest.
The 24 Solar Terms not only guides farming but also affects people's eating habits and health. On Start of Spring, many people eat spring pancakes to welcome the new season. On Start of Winter, dumplings are a popular food in northern China. People also adjust their daily activities according to the terms. For example, during Minor Heat, people try to stay cool and avoid overworking.
Today, although fewer people are farmers, the 24 Solar Terms is still popular. Many young people are interested in it and share related paintings, poems and stories online. It has also been listed as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, showing the value of Chinese ancient wisdom to the world.
The 24 Solar Terms is more than a calendar. It is a bridge between humans and nature, teaching us to respect and follow natural laws. As we face environmental challenges, this ancient wisdom can still guide us to live in harmony with nature.
25．Which of the following is NOT true about the 24 Solar Terms
A．It is based on natural changes.
B．Each term lasts about half a month.
C．It only affects farming activities.
D．It has a history of thousands of years.
26．What does the underlined word "ripe" mean in Chinese
A．播种 B．生长 C．成熟 D．收割
27．Why is the 24 Solar Terms listed as an intangible cultural heritage
A．Because it is a calendar system.
B．Because it shows Chinese ancient wisdom.
C．Because it is popular among young people.
D．Because it guides people's eating habits.
28．What can we infer from the passage
A．The 24 Solar Terms will disappear in the future.
B．People no longer need the 24 Solar Terms today.
C．The 24 Solar Terms can help us deal with environmental problems.
D．Only Chinese people know about the 24 Solar Terms.
29．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The 24 Solar Terms guides farming activities.
B．The 24 Solar Terms is an important part of Chinese culture.
C．The 24 Solar Terms reflects changes of nature.
D．The 24 Solar Terms is still popular today.
四、句子翻译
30． 我从我的第一位音乐老师那儿学会了如何唱歌。 (使用本模块所学的由how 引导的宾语从句来翻译)
31． 我问她是否真的对我生气了。(用含连接词的宾语从句翻译)
32． 你知道她为什么那样对待你吗
Do you know 　 　
33． 你能告诉我什么时候出发吗？
Would you please tell me 　 　
34．丹尼不确定明年想去哪里旅行。
Danny isn't sure　 　he wants to　 　next year.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】villagers
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数；villager
【解析】【分析】句意：当我参观乡村时村民们对我很友好。结合首字母，villager意为"村民"，根据were可知主语为复数，故填 villagers 。
【点评】考查单词拼写。根据句意得出所缺单词含义，结合首字母锁定单词，得出答案。
2．【答案】wisdom
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：二十四节气充满了中国古代的智慧。空处表示"智慧"，wisdom，不可数名词，作介词of的宾语，符合语境。故填wisdom。
【点评】考查名词wisdom的识记运用。注意：intelligence指个人能力，不适用于文化概念。 cleverness多指具体能力，不用于文化层面。
3．【答案】environment
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该保护我们的自然环境。空处表示"环境"，environment，不可数名词，作宾语，符合语境。故填environment。
【点评】考查名词environment的识记运用。注意：高频词汇是在日常学习和生活中频繁出现的词汇，掌握这些词汇对于提高英语整体水平至关重要。针对单词拼写题，考生应特别关注课本、练习册及考试中频繁出现的词汇，通过反复记忆和练习，确保能够准确拼写。
4．【答案】arrival
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们班每个人都期待着新数学老师的到来。空处表示"到来"，arrival，不可数名词，作介词to的宾语，符合语境。故填arrival。
【点评】考查名词arrival的识记运用。注意：动词 + -al → 名词：arrive → arrival到达；refuse → refusal拒绝；propose → proposal提议。
5．【答案】energetic
【知识点】形容词作表语；energetic
【解析】【分析】句意：足够的训练可以让我们精力充沛。精力充沛的，energetic，形容词。根据句子结构分析，此处应是"make sb+adj，使某人怎么样，固定搭配"。故答案为：energetic。
【点评】考查形容词和固定搭配。注意识记固定搭配"make sb+adj"。
6．【答案】(e)specially
7．【答案】energy
【知识点】不可数名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：太阳能是一种清洁且可再生的能源。空处表示"能源"，energy，不可数名词，此处构成固定短语solar energy，"太阳能"，符合语境。故填energy。
【点评】考查名词energy的识记运用以及固定短语solar energy。注意：固定短语的意义往往与语境和上下文密切相关。在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的语境和上下文，理解句子的整体意思和语境要求，从而选择最合适的固定短语填入空格。
8．【答案】increased
【知识点】过去式和过去分词；increase
【解析】【分析】句意：人口从10年前的120万增加到现在的180万。增加用increase，实义动词，has表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，increase的过去分词是increased，故填increased。
【点评】考查动词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在完成时的结构。
9．【答案】crazier
【知识点】形容词比较级；crazy
【解析】【分析】句意：如今，父母们越来越疯狂地给孩子施加压力。疯狂的，crazy，形容词。根据空格前become much，变得更，become后加形容词，much修饰形容词的比较级，可知此处应用比较级crazier，故答案为crazier。
【点评】考查形容词比较级的拼写，注意识记much修饰比较级的用法。
10．【答案】below
【知识点】地点副词
【解析】【分析】句意： 由于恶劣天气，我们在下面看不到任何东西 。在下面below，副词，此处修饰动词，故填below。
【点评】考查地点副词。注意地点副词below的正确用法。
【答案】11．sweetly；12．memories；13．villagers；14．meant；15．at；16．wisdom；17．grew；18．known；19．arrival；20．and
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；天气与生活
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者童年在乡村关于二十四节气的生活记忆，介绍了二十四节气对农民的指导意义、文化价值，以及至今仍存在于中国人生活中的现状。
wise明智的；and和；know知道；arrive到达；sweet甜的；mean意思是；at在（某处/某时）；grow生长；village村庄；memory回忆。
【点评】考查选词填空。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
11．句意：活泼的鸟儿在树上甜美地歌唱。根据"Lively birds sang ... in the trees."以及备选词可知，此处表达"唱得甜美"，sweet为形容词"甜蜜的"，符合题意。且此处修饰动词sang，需用副词形式，故填sweetly。
12．句意：这是我童年最美好的回忆之一。根据句意以及备选词可知，此处表达"最美好的回忆"，memory（记忆）符合题意，"one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数（……中最……之一）"为固定结构，所以此处应用名词复数memories，故填memories。
13．句意：那里的大多数村民以务农为生。根据"lived by farming（以务农为生）"结合常识可知，此处指"村民"，结合所给单词可知，village的名词形式villager（村民）符合题意。且most of后接复数名词，故填villagers。
14．句意：二十四节气对他们意义重大。根据句意以及备选词可知，此处表达"意思是"，结合所给单词可知，动词mean符合题意，全文讲述过去的事，动词应用过去式meant，故填meant。
15．句意：这些节气帮助他们明白为什么事情会在特定的时间发生。certain times特定时间点，固定短语 。前面应用介词at，故填at。
16．句意：我很高兴许多人，尤其是年轻人，对这种古老的智慧产生了新的兴趣。分析句子结构可知，此处需要名词，根据句意可知，此处指"智慧"，wise的名词形式wisdom符合题意，故填wisdom。
17．句意：当我长大离开家乡时，二十四节气一直伴随着我。grow up长大，固定短语。此处与left并列，动词应用过去式grew，故填grew。
18．句意：二十四节气被认为是"中国第五大发明"。be known as为固定搭配，意为"被认为是；作为……而闻名"，故填known。
19．句意：人们用传统活动庆祝它们的到来。根据"People celebrate their...with traditional activities.（人们用传统活动庆祝他们的……。）"以及备选词可知，此处表达"到达"，且形容词性物主代词their后接名词，arrive的名词形式为arrival，故填arrival。
20．句意：例如，许多人在立春吃春饼，在立冬吃饺子。根据句意可知，连接两个并列的时间及对应的习俗，应用并列连词and，故填and。
【答案】21．A
22．B
23．A
24．B
【知识点】说明文；环保意识与环保行为；细节理解；推理判断；段落大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了雄安新区的一些环保项目。
【点评】考查阅读选择。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"On topof the center's six buildings,there are about28,400 solar panels."可知，在中心的六栋建筑的顶部有太阳能板。故选A。
22．段落大意题。根据文章第三段句子"The solar panelproject is good for the environment and economy."可知，第三段主要讲了太阳能板项目的优势。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段句子"The purpose of the two new projects is to further cut pollution."可知，这两个新项目的目的是减少污染。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要是介绍了雄安商务服务中心的太阳能板项目，推测可能会在报纸上看到这篇文章，故选B。
【答案】25．C
26．C
27．B
28．C
29．B
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是二十四节气：来自自然的智慧。介绍了其起源、作用、文化意义及现状等。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
25．细节理解题。根据"The 24 Solar Terms not only guides farming but also affects people's eating
habits and health."可知，二十四节气不仅影响农耕，还影响人们的饮食习惯和健康，C选项"只影响农耕活动"表述错误。故选C。
26．词义猜测题。根据"ready to be harvested"可知，准备收割，由此可推测，ripe 意为"成熟的"。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据"It has also been listed as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, showing the value of Chinese ancient wisdom to the world."可知，二十四节气被列为非物质文化遗产是因为它展示了中国古代的智慧。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据"As we face environmental challenges, this ancient wisdom can still guide us to live in harmony with nature."可推断，二十四节气能帮助我们应对环境问题。故选C。
29．主旨大意题。文章围绕二十四节气展开，介绍了其起源、作用、文化意义及现状，核心是 "二十四节气是中国文化的重要组成部分"。故选B。
30．【答案】I learnt how I could sing songs from my first music teacher.
【知识点】汉译英；宾语从句的陈述语序；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"我"用I，主格，做主语；"学习"用learn，实义动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式learnt；"怎样"用how，特殊疑问词；"唱歌"用sing songs，固定搭配；"会"用can，情态动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式could，sing用原形；"从"用from，介词；"我的第一位音乐老师"用my first music teacher；句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结构是特殊疑问词+主语+谓语，how是特殊疑问词，I是主语，could sing是谓语，故填I learnt how I could sing songs from my first music teacher.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后理解宾语从句陈述语序。
31．【答案】I asked if/ whether she was really angry with me.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；宾语从句的陈述语序；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"我"用I，主格，做主语；"问"用ask，实义动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式asked；"是否"用if/whether，关联词；"她"用she，主格，做主语；"生某人的气"用be angry with sb.，固定搭配，时态是一般过去时，主语是单数she，所以be动词用was，sb.用宾格，所以"我"用宾格me；"真的"用really，副词，修饰形容词angry。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结构是关联词+主语+谓语，if/whether是关联词，主语是she，谓语是was，故填I asked if/ whether she was really angry with me.。
【点评】考查汉译英，固定搭配，一般过去时和宾语从句，注意平时识记固定搭配be angry with sb.，理解宾语从句陈述语序，注意句子时态。
32．【答案】why she treats you like that
【知识点】汉译英；表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯；宾语从句的陈述语序；why引导的宾语从句；主句是一般现在时的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少" 她为什么那样对待你吗 "根据句意可知这是主从复合句，其中所缺的" 她为什么那样对待你吗 "是宾语从句，要用陈述语序，讲述经常发生的事情用一般现在时。从句 " 她为什么那样对待你吗 " 是特殊疑问句，用疑问词why作引导词，她she，作从句的主语，第三人称单数；对待treat，作从句的谓语，用第三人称单数形式treats；你you，人称代词，作treats的宾语，用宾格you；那样，作为方式状语，用介词短语 like that。故答案为： why she treats you like that 。
【点评】考查汉译英，宾语从句的陈述语序，一般现在时。 首先要识别出题目要求使用宾语从句；其次要确定题目要求的时态； 接着补全句子的其他部分；最后检查句子的语法是否正确，拼写是否无误，确保句子结构清晰，逻辑通顺。
33．【答案】when to set off
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；及物动词+副词
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少成分"什么时候出发"，set off"出发"，空处用"疑问词+不定式"结构作宾语，疑问词when。故填when to set off。
【点评】考查汉译英，"疑问词+不定式"结构作宾语以及固定短语set off"出发"。
34．【答案】where；travel
【知识点】汉译英；动词原形；where引导的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】根据汉英对照可知此句缺少成分"哪里"以及"旅游"，根据汉语提示可知，"他想去哪里旅行？"对应的特殊疑问句为where does he want to travel？，作宾语从句时应为陈述语序where he wants to travel。故填where；travel。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉英对照，确定宾语从句中的特殊疑问词where，注意want to do的用法。
1 / 1外研版英语八年级下册Unit 6 Living with nature 词汇/短语和语法同步练习
一、单词拼写（单句）
1． The v　 　（村民）were friendly to me when I visited the countryside.
【答案】villagers
【知识点】规则变化的可数名词复数；villager
【解析】【分析】句意：当我参观乡村时村民们对我很友好。结合首字母，villager意为"村民"，根据were可知主语为复数，故填 villagers 。
【点评】考查单词拼写。根据句意得出所缺单词含义，结合首字母锁定单词，得出答案。
2． The 24 Solar Terms are full of ancient Chinese 　 　 (智慧).
【答案】wisdom
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：二十四节气充满了中国古代的智慧。空处表示"智慧"，wisdom，不可数名词，作介词of的宾语，符合语境。故填wisdom。
【点评】考查名词wisdom的识记运用。注意：intelligence指个人能力，不适用于文化概念。 cleverness多指具体能力，不用于文化层面。
3． We should protect our natural　 　(环境).
【答案】environment
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该保护我们的自然环境。空处表示"环境"，environment，不可数名词，作宾语，符合语境。故填environment。
【点评】考查名词environment的识记运用。注意：高频词汇是在日常学习和生活中频繁出现的词汇，掌握这些词汇对于提高英语整体水平至关重要。针对单词拼写题，考生应特别关注课本、练习册及考试中频繁出现的词汇，通过反复记忆和练习，确保能够准确拼写。
4． Everyone in our class is looking forward to the a　 　. (到来) of the new math teacher.
【答案】arrival
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们班每个人都期待着新数学老师的到来。空处表示"到来"，arrival，不可数名词，作介词to的宾语，符合语境。故填arrival。
【点评】考查名词arrival的识记运用。注意：动词 + -al → 名词：arrive → arrival到达；refuse → refusal拒绝；propose → proposal提议。
5． Enough exercise outdoors can make us e　 　. (精力充沛的).
【答案】energetic
【知识点】形容词作表语；energetic
【解析】【分析】句意：足够的训练可以让我们精力充沛。精力充沛的，energetic，形容词。根据句子结构分析，此处应是"make sb+adj，使某人怎么样，固定搭配"。故答案为：energetic。
【点评】考查形容词和固定搭配。注意识记固定搭配"make sb+adj"。
6．Winter is a beautiful season, e　 　 (尤其) when it snows.
【答案】(e)specially
7． Solar 　 　 (能源) is a kind of clean and renewable energy.
【答案】energy
【知识点】不可数名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：太阳能是一种清洁且可再生的能源。空处表示"能源"，energy，不可数名词，此处构成固定短语solar energy，"太阳能"，符合语境。故填energy。
【点评】考查名词energy的识记运用以及固定短语solar energy。注意：固定短语的意义往往与语境和上下文密切相关。在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的语境和上下文，理解句子的整体意思和语境要求，从而选择最合适的固定短语填入空格。
8．The population has 　 　 (增加) from 1.2 million 10 years ago to 1.8 million now.
【答案】increased
【知识点】过去式和过去分词；increase
【解析】【分析】句意：人口从10年前的120万增加到现在的180万。增加用increase，实义动词，has表明时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，increase的过去分词是increased，故填increased。
【点评】考查动词拼写，首先识记单词词义及词性，然后识记现在完成时的结构。
9．These days parents become much　 　( 疯狂的) to push their children hard.
【答案】crazier
【知识点】形容词比较级；crazy
【解析】【分析】句意：如今，父母们越来越疯狂地给孩子施加压力。疯狂的，crazy，形容词。根据空格前become much，变得更，become后加形容词，much修饰形容词的比较级，可知此处应用比较级crazier，故答案为crazier。
【点评】考查形容词比较级的拼写，注意识记much修饰比较级的用法。
10． And because of the bad weather, we couldn't see anything b　 　(在下面).
【答案】below
【知识点】地点副词
【解析】【分析】句意： 由于恶劣天气，我们在下面看不到任何东西 。在下面below，副词，此处修饰动词，故填below。
【点评】考查地点副词。注意地点副词below的正确用法。
二、选词填空（语篇）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
wise; and; know; arrive; sweet; mean; at; grow; village; memory
It was early one morning of Grain in Ear. Lively birds sang 　11． 　 in the trees. Villagers hurried to the fields. This is one of the best 　12． 　 of my childhood. I grew up in the countryside of Shandong Province. Most of the 　13． 　there lived by farming. The 24 Solar Terms 　14． 　so much to them. The changes of the terms guided both their farming activities and daily lives. The terms helped them understand why things happened 　15． 　 certain times, and how they should react.
I didn't know how popular the paintings would become. I'm so happy that many people, especially the young, are taking a new interest in the ancient 　16． 　.
When I 　17． 　 up and left my hometown, the 24 Solar Terms followed me. The 24 Solar Terms are 　18． 　 as the "Fifth Great Invention of China". They help people understand why nature works this way. Many of the 24 Solar Terms bear social and cultural meanings, too. People celebrate their 　19． 　 with traditional activities. For example, many people still eat spring pancakes at Start of Spring 　20． 　 dumplings at Start of Winter. The ancient calendar has never disappeared from the life of the Chinese.
【答案】11．sweetly；12．memories；13．villagers；14．meant；15．at；16．wisdom；17．grew；18．known；19．arrival；20．and
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；天气与生活
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者童年在乡村关于二十四节气的生活记忆，介绍了二十四节气对农民的指导意义、文化价值，以及至今仍存在于中国人生活中的现状。
wise明智的；and和；know知道；arrive到达；sweet甜的；mean意思是；at在（某处/某时）；grow生长；village村庄；memory回忆。
【点评】考查选词填空。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
11．句意：活泼的鸟儿在树上甜美地歌唱。根据"Lively birds sang ... in the trees."以及备选词可知，此处表达"唱得甜美"，sweet为形容词"甜蜜的"，符合题意。且此处修饰动词sang，需用副词形式，故填sweetly。
12．句意：这是我童年最美好的回忆之一。根据句意以及备选词可知，此处表达"最美好的回忆"，memory（记忆）符合题意，"one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数（……中最……之一）"为固定结构，所以此处应用名词复数memories，故填memories。
13．句意：那里的大多数村民以务农为生。根据"lived by farming（以务农为生）"结合常识可知，此处指"村民"，结合所给单词可知，village的名词形式villager（村民）符合题意。且most of后接复数名词，故填villagers。
14．句意：二十四节气对他们意义重大。根据句意以及备选词可知，此处表达"意思是"，结合所给单词可知，动词mean符合题意，全文讲述过去的事，动词应用过去式meant，故填meant。
15．句意：这些节气帮助他们明白为什么事情会在特定的时间发生。certain times特定时间点，固定短语 。前面应用介词at，故填at。
16．句意：我很高兴许多人，尤其是年轻人，对这种古老的智慧产生了新的兴趣。分析句子结构可知，此处需要名词，根据句意可知，此处指"智慧"，wise的名词形式wisdom符合题意，故填wisdom。
17．句意：当我长大离开家乡时，二十四节气一直伴随着我。grow up长大，固定短语。此处与left并列，动词应用过去式grew，故填grew。
18．句意：二十四节气被认为是"中国第五大发明"。be known as为固定搭配，意为"被认为是；作为……而闻名"，故填known。
19．句意：人们用传统活动庆祝它们的到来。根据"People celebrate their...with traditional activities.（人们用传统活动庆祝他们的……。）"以及备选词可知，此处表达"到达"，且形容词性物主代词their后接名词，arrive的名词形式为arrival，故填arrival。
20．句意：例如，许多人在立春吃春饼，在立冬吃饺子。根据句意可知，连接两个并列的时间及对应的习俗，应用并列连词and，故填and。
三、阅读选择
阅读理解
Have you ever visited Xiong'an Business Service Center Do you know anything special about it On top of the center's six buildings, there are about 28,400 solar panels (太阳能板). They match perfectly with the traditional Chinese design of the buildings. If they were put together, the solar panels would cover an area of 1. 4 standard football fields. These panels now can produce 5% of the electricity that is needed for the center.
Using local clean energy plays an important role in Xiong'an New Area's progress. Solar panels which cover some buildings are used to provide electricity in the area. In the future, the solar panel project will produce more electricity. The electricity will first be used by companies in the area, and the rest will be shared.
The solar panel project is good for the environment and economy(经济). It not only helps to reduce greenhouse gases (温室气体), but also lowers electricity costs for companies in the area. The project is expected to produce nearly 3. 5 million kWh of electricity. This means that about 3,000 tons of greenhouse gases will be avoided every year.
There are already a number of projects in the area. These projects use solar power and other clean energy. Two new projects will be started: an energy-saving lighting project and a green heating project. The purpose of the two new projects is to further cut pollution. Xiong'an New Area is on the way to becoming a green modern city.
21．What is on top of the center's six buildings
A．Solar panels. B．Football fields.
C．A modern business office. D．A traditional Chinese garden.
22． What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The ways of saving electricity.
B．The advantages of the project.
C．The effects of greenhouse gases.
D．The costs of running companies.
23．What is the purpose of the two new projects
A．To cut pollution. B．To plant more trees.
C．To use more energy. D．To produce electricity.
24．Where is the text most probably from
A．A diary. B．A newspaper. C．A guidebook. D．A storybook.
【答案】21．A
22．B
23．A
24．B
【知识点】说明文；环保意识与环保行为；细节理解；推理判断；段落大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了雄安新区的一些环保项目。
【点评】考查阅读选择。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"On topof the center's six buildings,there are about28,400 solar panels."可知，在中心的六栋建筑的顶部有太阳能板。故选A。
22．段落大意题。根据文章第三段句子"The solar panelproject is good for the environment and economy."可知，第三段主要讲了太阳能板项目的优势。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段句子"The purpose of the two new projects is to further cut pollution."可知，这两个新项目的目的是减少污染。故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要是介绍了雄安商务服务中心的太阳能板项目，推测可能会在报纸上看到这篇文章，故选B。
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、В、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The 24 Solar Terms: Wisdom from Nature
The 24 Solar Terms is an ancient calendar system developed by Chinese people to guide farming activities. It is based on the changes of nature, such as the position of the sun, the temperature and the growth of plants. For thousands of years, it has been an important part of Chinese culture and daily life.
The 24 Solar Terms start with Start of Spring and ends with Major Cold. Each term lasts about 15 days. They reflect the changes of seasons, climate and natural phenomena. For example, Grain in Ear is a term when wheat is ripe and ready to be harvested. Minor Heat and Major Heat are the hottest periods of the year, while Minor Cold and Major Cold are the coldest.
The 24 Solar Terms not only guides farming but also affects people's eating habits and health. On Start of Spring, many people eat spring pancakes to welcome the new season. On Start of Winter, dumplings are a popular food in northern China. People also adjust their daily activities according to the terms. For example, during Minor Heat, people try to stay cool and avoid overworking.
Today, although fewer people are farmers, the 24 Solar Terms is still popular. Many young people are interested in it and share related paintings, poems and stories online. It has also been listed as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, showing the value of Chinese ancient wisdom to the world.
The 24 Solar Terms is more than a calendar. It is a bridge between humans and nature, teaching us to respect and follow natural laws. As we face environmental challenges, this ancient wisdom can still guide us to live in harmony with nature.
25．Which of the following is NOT true about the 24 Solar Terms
A．It is based on natural changes.
B．Each term lasts about half a month.
C．It only affects farming activities.
D．It has a history of thousands of years.
26．What does the underlined word "ripe" mean in Chinese
A．播种 B．生长 C．成熟 D．收割
27．Why is the 24 Solar Terms listed as an intangible cultural heritage
A．Because it is a calendar system.
B．Because it shows Chinese ancient wisdom.
C．Because it is popular among young people.
D．Because it guides people's eating habits.
28．What can we infer from the passage
A．The 24 Solar Terms will disappear in the future.
B．People no longer need the 24 Solar Terms today.
C．The 24 Solar Terms can help us deal with environmental problems.
D．Only Chinese people know about the 24 Solar Terms.
29．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The 24 Solar Terms guides farming activities.
B．The 24 Solar Terms is an important part of Chinese culture.
C．The 24 Solar Terms reflects changes of nature.
D．The 24 Solar Terms is still popular today.
【答案】25．C
26．C
27．B
28．C
29．B
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是二十四节气：来自自然的智慧。介绍了其起源、作用、文化意义及现状等。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
25．细节理解题。根据"The 24 Solar Terms not only guides farming but also affects people's eating
habits and health."可知，二十四节气不仅影响农耕，还影响人们的饮食习惯和健康，C选项"只影响农耕活动"表述错误。故选C。
26．词义猜测题。根据"ready to be harvested"可知，准备收割，由此可推测，ripe 意为"成熟的"。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据"It has also been listed as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, showing the value of Chinese ancient wisdom to the world."可知，二十四节气被列为非物质文化遗产是因为它展示了中国古代的智慧。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据"As we face environmental challenges, this ancient wisdom can still guide us to live in harmony with nature."可推断，二十四节气能帮助我们应对环境问题。故选C。
29．主旨大意题。文章围绕二十四节气展开，介绍了其起源、作用、文化意义及现状，核心是 "二十四节气是中国文化的重要组成部分"。故选B。
四、句子翻译
30． 我从我的第一位音乐老师那儿学会了如何唱歌。 (使用本模块所学的由how 引导的宾语从句来翻译)
【答案】I learnt how I could sing songs from my first music teacher.
【知识点】汉译英；宾语从句的陈述语序；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"我"用I，主格，做主语；"学习"用learn，实义动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式learnt；"怎样"用how，特殊疑问词；"唱歌"用sing songs，固定搭配；"会"用can，情态动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式could，sing用原形；"从"用from，介词；"我的第一位音乐老师"用my first music teacher；句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结构是特殊疑问词+主语+谓语，how是特殊疑问词，I是主语，could sing是谓语，故填I learnt how I could sing songs from my first music teacher.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子，最后理解宾语从句陈述语序。
31． 我问她是否真的对我生气了。(用含连接词的宾语从句翻译)
【答案】I asked if/ whether she was really angry with me.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；宾语从句的陈述语序；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据汉语提示可知"我"用I，主格，做主语；"问"用ask，实义动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式asked；"是否"用if/whether，关联词；"她"用she，主格，做主语；"生某人的气"用be angry with sb.，固定搭配，时态是一般过去时，主语是单数she，所以be动词用was，sb.用宾格，所以"我"用宾格me；"真的"用really，副词，修饰形容词angry。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，结构是关联词+主语+谓语，if/whether是关联词，主语是she，谓语是was，故填I asked if/ whether she was really angry with me.。
【点评】考查汉译英，固定搭配，一般过去时和宾语从句，注意平时识记固定搭配be angry with sb.，理解宾语从句陈述语序，注意句子时态。
32． 你知道她为什么那样对待你吗
Do you know 　 　
【答案】why she treats you like that
【知识点】汉译英；表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯；宾语从句的陈述语序；why引导的宾语从句；主句是一般现在时的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少" 她为什么那样对待你吗 "根据句意可知这是主从复合句，其中所缺的" 她为什么那样对待你吗 "是宾语从句，要用陈述语序，讲述经常发生的事情用一般现在时。从句 " 她为什么那样对待你吗 " 是特殊疑问句，用疑问词why作引导词，她she，作从句的主语，第三人称单数；对待treat，作从句的谓语，用第三人称单数形式treats；你you，人称代词，作treats的宾语，用宾格you；那样，作为方式状语，用介词短语 like that。故答案为： why she treats you like that 。
【点评】考查汉译英，宾语从句的陈述语序，一般现在时。 首先要识别出题目要求使用宾语从句；其次要确定题目要求的时态； 接着补全句子的其他部分；最后检查句子的语法是否正确，拼写是否无误，确保句子结构清晰，逻辑通顺。
33． 你能告诉我什么时候出发吗？
Would you please tell me 　 　
【答案】when to set off
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；及物动词+副词
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，缺少成分"什么时候出发"，set off"出发"，空处用"疑问词+不定式"结构作宾语，疑问词when。故填when to set off。
【点评】考查汉译英，"疑问词+不定式"结构作宾语以及固定短语set off"出发"。
34．丹尼不确定明年想去哪里旅行。
Danny isn't sure　 　he wants to　 　next year.
【答案】where；travel
【知识点】汉译英；动词原形；where引导的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】根据汉英对照可知此句缺少成分"哪里"以及"旅游"，根据汉语提示可知，"他想去哪里旅行？"对应的特殊疑问句为where does he want to travel？，作宾语从句时应为陈述语序where he wants to travel。故填where；travel。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉英对照，确定宾语从句中的特殊疑问词where，注意want to do的用法。
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