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高考英语语法填空：连词考点全解+真题分类精讲
连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。
一、并列连词
并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等。语法填空对并列连词的考查可分为两大类：
一是直接考查：即直接考查根据语境（顺承、转折、选择等）填写适合的并列连词；
二是间接考查：以A and B为例（有时也可能涉及多个并列项，比如A, B and C等），试题给出并列连词和部分并列项，要求考生根据并列连词所体现的并列关系，填写未给出的并列项（此时考生需注意并列关系的“平行结构”原理来确定所填并列项的正确形式）。
本文主要涉及并列连词的直接考查，至于其间接考查，大家可参考其他专题——比如“比较级+and+比较级”结构，可参见“形容词”专题；“现在分词+and+现在分词”结构，可参见“非谓语动词”专题；等等。
A.连接并列名词
从已考过的语法填空考题来看，所连接的两个或多个并列名词（或名词短语）可能是主语或宾语，也可能是定语或状语等。同学们做题时既要充分理解句子语境（尤其要区分是顺承语境、转折语境还是选择语境），又要充分注意并列结构的对称性特点。
1.Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, ___64___ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. (2025全国卷1)
2.During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ___56___ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. (2023浙江卷1)
3.The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges. (2022全国卷1)
4.In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ___61___ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. (2016全国卷3)
5.But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ___64___ even a few months. (2014全国卷1)
B.连接并列谓语
从已考过的语法填空考题来看，所连接的两个或多个并列谓语可能是同性质的结构（比如均为动宾结构），也可能是不同性质的结构（比如一个是系表结构，另一个是动宾结构）。同学们做题时既要充分理解句子语境（尤其要区分是顺承语境、转折语境还是选择语境），又要充分注意并列结构的对称性特点（在通常情况下，并列谓语的时态通常是一致的）。
1.But it’s amazing how you can adapt ___59___ learn in a new environment. (2025全国卷2)
2.Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear ___59___ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes(衣柜) or contributing to landfill.(2025浙江卷1)
3.He hung on for a few minutes ___61___ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him. (2022新高考卷2)
4.Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___62___ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs. (2021新高考卷1)
5.I found the contact information of the company ___60___ emailed its president. (2021新高考卷2)
6.My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. (2021全国卷2)
7.Each volume in the set explores a wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, ___62___ discusses the influences they have on everyday life. (2020新高考卷2)
C.连接并列非谓语
从已考过的语法填空考题来看，所连接的两个或多个并列非谓语，主要涉及不定式——注意，并列不定式的最后一个不定式有时可能省略不定式符号to。
1.Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ___65___ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” (2024新课标卷2)
2.It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. (2023新课标卷2)
3.The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. (2022新高考卷1)
4.The feeling of being able to see it ___65___ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person. (2022浙江卷2)
D.连接并列比较级
考查并列连词连接并列比较级的考题只考过1次。It’s also that they are on average healthier ___65___ more productive for longer. (2020浙江卷1)
E.连接并列分句
语法填空考查并列连词连接并列分句涉及多种类型的句型，所连接的分句可能是两个独立的句子，也可能是主从句复合句中的两个从句。有时还可能考查特殊并列连词when（表示“这里突然”的意味）。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ___56___ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. (2021浙江卷1)
They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. (2020新高考卷1)
It was time for her to have a new baby, ___70___ it was also time for the young panda to be independent. (2016四川卷)
One day, the cow was eating grass ___20___ it began to rain heavily. (2015广东卷)
There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42___ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed. (2014全国卷2)
F.用于固定搭配
语法填空对并列连词在固定搭配中的考查，重点要注意几个常用的成对并列连词（如either...or..., neither…nor…等）的用法，另外像whether...or..., not…but…, a ... or two等表达也考查过。
Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ___57___ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. (2024浙江卷1)
To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ___58___ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. (2023新课标卷1)
Although Mary loved flowers, ___62___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. (2021浙江卷2)
I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to. (2019全国卷2)
Small amounts of caffeine—a cup ___59___ two of coffee a day-seem safe for most people. (2019浙江卷1)
We were told that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, ___19___ for the week after. (2014广东卷)
So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much ___17___ too little.” (2013广东卷)
G.纯语境理解
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,___45___ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. (2023全国卷1)
He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, ___37___ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher. (2008广东卷)
【参考答案与简析】
特别说明：以上真题均已按所考查的连词用法做了分类，所以填对答案并不重要，重要的是同学们要通过这些考题和考点，掌握其“考点共性”的规律是快速正确解题的关键。
A.连接并列名词 第1至4题均填and，均用于连接两个或三个并列的名词短语，其基本结构为“名词+and+名词”；第5题填or，也是连接两个并列的名词短语，用于否定句后面的or even，相当于and not。
B.连接并列谓语 除6题填but（表示转折）外，其余各题均填and。这些并列谓语既有一般现在时，也有一般过去时，还有的是情态动词后面的并列动词。
C.连接并列非谓语 答案均填and。在这些并列的非谓语动词中，除第3题是连接动名词外，其余的均为连接不定式。
D. 连接并列比较级 填and，连接比较级healthier和more productive。
E.连接并列分句
第1题填and，用于连接两个宾语从句；
第2题填or，用于连接两个状语从句（表选择）；
第3题填and，用于连接两个独立的句子；
第4题填when，这样用的when含有and suddenly或and just then的意味；
第5题填and，用于连接两个独立的句子。
F.用于固定搭配
第1题填or，考查搭配either...or...；
第2题填or，考查搭配whether...or...；
第3题填neither，考查搭配neither…nor…；
第4、6题均填but，均考查搭配not…but…；
第5题填or，考查搭配a...or two(一两个…)；
第7题填nor，考查neither…nor…。
G.纯语境理解
答案均填but，因为后语意转折，故填but。
从属连词
从属连词属于虚词，主要用来引导各类从句，连接主句与从句，本身不在句中单独充当句子主干成分。语法填空中无提示词填空是从属连词的核心考查形式，命题侧重逻辑语义、句式结构、固定搭配三大维度。
从属连词为虚词，不作句子主干成分，主要功能是引导各类从句、连接主句与从句。高考语法填空中从属连词以无提示词填空为核心考查形式，每年必考。
考查分为两类：
直接考查：依据语境逻辑、从句句式结构，填写适配的从属连词；
间接考查：依托高考高频固定句式、固定连词搭配设空，侧重句式结构识别。
A. 引导时间状语从句
常考连词：when, while, as, before, after, since, until, once解题要点：辨析动作先后、同步、起止逻辑，熟记时间类固定句式。
1.（2021 新高考 II 卷 61）He smiled politely ___ Mary apologized for her drunken friends
2.（2020 浙江卷 56）It was not long ___ the residents realized how serious the pollution was.
3.（2019 全国 I 卷 67）___ the great day came, I was excited but also nervous.
4.（2018 全国 II 卷 63）I waited ___ he finished speaking, and then I left.
5.（2017 浙江卷 59）___ walking in the park, she met an old friend.
B. 引导原因状语从句
常考连词：because, since, as, now that解题要点：because 表直接客观因果；since/as/now that 表已知、显而易见的缘由，译为 “既然、由于”。
（2023 全国甲卷 64）He didn’t attend the meeting ___ he had a sudden headache.
（2022 新高考 I 卷 62）___ you have read the report, I won’t repeat it.
（2020 全国 II 卷 65）___ the weather was fine, we decided to go camping.
C. 引导条件状语从句
常考连词：if, unless, as long as, once, in case解题要点：熟记核心转换 unless = if…not；as long as 表 “只要”；in case 表 “以防、万一”。1.（2024 浙江 1 月首考 60）You will miss the train ___ you hurry up.2.（2021 浙江卷 58）___ you keep practicing, you will make progress.3.（2019 浙江卷 61）Take an umbrella ___ it rains.4.（2017 全国 III 卷 66）___ you try, you will never know your potential.
D. 引导让步状语从句
常考连词：though, although, even if, even though, while
解题要点：though/although 表 “虽然、尽管”，从句不能与主句 but 连用；while 置于句首可表让步；even if/even though 表假设性让步 “即使”。
（2025 新高考 I 卷 63）___ he is young, he has rich experience.
（2022 全国乙卷 65）He went to work ___ he was ill.
（2020 新高考 I 卷 64）___ it was late, she kept working.4.（2018 浙江卷 62）___ she tried hard, she couldn’t solve the problem.
E. 引导目的 & 结果状语从句
目的状语从句
常考：so that, in order that，表 “为了、以便”，从句常搭配情态动词。
结果状语从句
常考结构：so…that…, such…that…，表 “如此…… 以至于……”。
1.（2023 新课标 I 卷 65）She got up early ___ she could catch the first bus.
2.（2021 全国甲卷 63）He spoke loudly ___ everyone could hear him.
3.（2022 全国甲卷 66）The movie was ___ moving ___ many people cried.
4.（2019 全国 II 卷 64）It was ___ a good story ___ I read it again.
F. 引导方式、比较、地点状语从句
方式从句：as 译为 “按照、正如”；比较从句：than 用于比较级之后；地点从句：where 引导地点状语从句，表 “在…… 的地方”。
1.（2024 新课标 II 卷 62）Do it ___ I told you.
2.（2020 浙江卷 59）He runs faster ___ any other student.
3.（2017 全国 I 卷 65）Plant trees ___ there is enough water.
G. 引导名词性从句
常考连接词：that, whether解题要点：that 无词义、不作成分，只起连接，用于陈述句类名词性从句；whether 表 “是否”，介词后、主语从句句首、不定式前只能用 whether，不可用 if。
1.（2025 全国 I 卷 64）We all believe ___ hard work pays off.
2.（2023 浙江卷 61）It depends on ___ we have time.
3.（2022 新高考 II 卷 63）___ he will come is unknown.
4.（2021 全国乙卷 67）The fact ___ he passed surprised us.
H. 引导定语从句
常考关系词：who, whom, whose, which, that, when, where, why
解题步骤：
识别先行词，区分指人、指物、时间、地点、原因；
分析定语从句是否缺少主语、宾语等主干成分；
缺主干成分用关系代词；不缺主干成分，分别用 when/where/why。1.（2025 新高考 II 卷 60）The girl ___ is singing is my sister.‘
（2024 全国甲卷 63）This is the park ___ we met.
（2023 全国乙卷 62）I remember the day ___ I joined the club.
（2022 浙江卷 64）The reason ___ he left is clear.
6.（2021 新高考 I 卷 65）The book ___ I bought is interesting.
I. 用于固定句式搭配
高考从属连词高频固定句式，结构固定，可直接套用：
1.（2020 全国 I 卷 68）It has been 3 years ___ he graduated.
2.（2019 浙江卷 63）___ far as I know, he is honest.
3.（2018 全国 II 卷 65）___ once you start, you can’t stop.
参考答案与考点简析
引导时间状语从句
1.when 2. before 3. When 4. until 5. While/As
第 1 题 when 引导时间点状语从句；
第 2 题固定句式 It was not long before…；
第 3 题 when 置于句首引导时间从句；
第 4 题 until 表动作持续到…… 为止；
第 5 题 While/As 后接省略主谓结构，表动作同步进行。
B. 引导原因状语从句
1.because 2. Since/Now that 3. As/Since
第 1 题用 because 强调直接客观原因；
第 2、3 题用 Since/Now that/As 表已知、显而易见的缘由，语气委婉。
引导条件状语从句
unless 2. As long as 3. in case 4. Unless
第 1、4 题 unless=if…not，表反向条件 “除非”；
第 2 题 as long as 表 “只要”，限定唯一条件；
第 3 题 in case 表 “以防、万一”。
D. 引导让步状语从句
1.Although/Though 2. even if/even though 3. Although/Though/While 4. Though/Although
第 1、4 题常规让步，用 Although/Though；
第 2 题表假设性让步 “即使”；
第 3 题 while 置于句首可替代 although 表让步含义。
E. 引导目的 & 结果状语从句
1.so that 2. so that 3. so；that 4. such；that
1、2 题为目的状语从句，so that 表 “为了、以便”；
3、4 题为结果状语从句，遵循 so+adj./adv.+that、such+a/an + 名词 + that 固定结构。
引导方式、比较、地点状语从句
as 2. than 3. where
第 1 题 as 引导方式状语从句，意为 “按照、正如”；
第 2 题比较级后固定用 than；
第 3 题 where 引导地点状语从句，表动作发生的地点。
G. 引导名词性从句 答案
1.that 2. whether 3. Whether 4. that
第 1、4 题为陈述句类名词性从句（宾语从句、同位语从句），用 that 只起连接、无实义；
第 2 题介词后表 “是否” 只能用 whether；
第 3 题主语从句句首表 “是否” 只用 whether。
H. 引导定语从句
1.who/that 2. where 3. when 4. why 5. which/that
第 1 题先行词指人、从句缺主语，用 who/that；
第 2 题先行词为地点、从句不缺主干，用 where；
第 3 题先行词为时间、从句不缺主干，用 when；
第 4 题先行词 reason，固定配 why；
第 5 题先行词指物、从句缺宾语，用 which/that。
I. 用于固定句式搭配
1.since 2. As 3. Once
第 1 题 It has been + 时间段 + since 固定句式；
第 2 题固定搭配 as far as I know；
第 3 题 once 引导从句，表 “一旦”。
整体考点共性
从属连词高考考查以无提示词填空为主，解题核心两步：先判定从句类型，再匹配语境逻辑或固定句式；
状语从句侧重语义逻辑，无需复杂分析句子成分，读懂上下文即可确定连词；
名词性从句重在句式完整度，陈述句用 that，表 “是否” 优先用 whether，严守 if 使用禁忌；
定语从句遵循 “看先行词 + 判从句缺不缺成分” 原则，缺成分用关系代词，不缺成分用关系副词；
固定句式为高频送分考点，熟记结构即可直接填词，无需临场翻译推理；
从属连词共性本质：只起句法连接作用，不在句中单独充当主语、宾语、谓语等主干成分。
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