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Unit6 Learning by doing 复习清单
【重要词汇】
（1）单词默写
英文单词 音标 词性 中文释义 拓展/搭配（贴合考点）
learn /l n/ v. 学习；学会 搭配：learn by doing 通过做来学习；learn to do sth. 学会做某事；learn from 向……学习
by /ba / prep./adv. 通过；凭借；在……旁边 搭配：by doing sth. 通过做某事；by bus 乘公共汽车；by oneself 独自
do /du / v./aux. 做；干；助动词（无实义） 搭配：do homework 做作业；do sports 做运动；do one’s best 尽某人最大努力
experiment / k sper m nt/ n./v. 实验；做实验 搭配：do an experiment 做实验；experiment on 对……做实验
science / sa ns/ n. 科学；自然科学 拓展：scientist n. 科学家；scientific adj. 科学的；science class 科学课
correct /k rekt/ adj./v. 正确的；纠正 搭配：correct mistakes 纠正错误；a correct answer 正确的答案
mistake /m ste k/ n. 错误；失误 搭配：make a mistake 犯错误；correct mistakes 纠正错误；by mistake 错误地
improve / m pru v/ v. 提高；改善 搭配：improve English 提高英语；improve oneself 提升自己；improve living conditions 改善生活条件
practice / pr kt s/ n./v. 练习；实践 搭配：practice doing sth. 练习做某事；daily practice 日常练习；put into practice 付诸实践
skill /sk l/ n. 技能；技巧 搭配：reading skills 阅读技能；practical skills 实用技能；develop skills 培养技能
successful /s k sesfl/ adj. 成功的 拓展：success n. 成功；succeed v. 成功；be successful in 在……方面成功
fail /fe l/ v. 失败；未能（做到） 搭配：fail to do sth. 未能做某事；fail an exam 考试不及格；fail in 失败
experience / k sp ri ns/ n./v. 经验；经历；体验 搭配：work experience 工作经验；have experience in 在……有经验；experience sth. 体验某事
discover /d sk v (r)/ v. 发现；发觉 搭配：discover a secret 发现一个秘密；discover new things 发现新事物
share / e (r)/ v./n. 分享；分担；份额 搭配：share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物；share happiness 分享快乐
knowledge / n l d / n. 知识；学问 搭配：gain knowledge 获得知识；knowledge of 关于……的知识；useful knowledge 有用的知识
helpful / helpfl/ adj. 有帮助的；有用的 搭配：be helpful to sb. 对某人有帮助；helpful advice 有用的建议
method / meθ d/ n. 方法；办法 搭配：a method of doing sth. 做某事的方法；effective method 有效方法
remember /r memb (r)/ v. 记住；记得 搭配：remember to do sth. 记得要做某事；remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
forget /f ɡet/ v. 忘记；遗忘 搭配：forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事；forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事；don’t forget 别忘了
patient / pe nt/ adj./n. 有耐心的；病人 搭配：be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心；be patient of 能忍受……
able / e bl/ adj. 能够；有能力的 搭配：be able to do sth. 能够做某事；be able to 能，会（相当于can，可用于各种时态）
【重要短语】
英文短语 中文释义
learn by doing 通过做来学习
do an experiment 做实验
make a mistake 犯错误
correct mistakes 纠正错误
improve English 提高英语
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
develop skills 培养技能
be successful in 在……方面成功
fail to do sth. 未能做某事
have experience in 在……有经验
discover new things 发现新事物
share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物
gain knowledge 获得知识
be helpful to sb. 对某人有帮助
a method of doing sth. 做某事的方法
remember to do sth. 记得要做某事
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心
be able to do sth. 能够做某事
by doing sth. 通过做某事
【重要语法】
1. 介词 by 的用法
1. 含义及用法：本单元核心介词，侧重“通过某种方式、手段”，后接动名词（doing），是“learn by doing”句型的核心，贴合“通过实践学习”的单元主题。
2. 高频句型及例句：
by + doing sth. （通过做某事）
例：We learn English by practicing speaking.（我们通过练习口语来学习英语。）；He improved his skills by doing experiments.（他通过做实验提高了自己的技能。）
by + 名词 （通过某种工具、方式）
例：We go to school by bike.（我们骑自行车去上学。）；She studies by reading textbooks.（她通过读课本学习。）
拓展用法：by oneself 独自；by the way 顺便说一下
3. 考点提醒：by 后接动词时，必须用动名词形式（doing），不能用原形；注意与 with（用某种工具）、in（用某种语言）的区别。
2. 动词 practice / remember / forget 的用法
1. 核心用法：三者后接动词时，需注意接动名词（doing）或不定式（to do）的区别，本单元高频出现，贴合学习场景。
2. 具体用法及例句：
practice doing sth. （练习做某事）—— 只能接动名词，无不定式用法
例：We should practice writing English essays.（我们应该练习写英语作文。）
remember to do sth. （记得要做某事，事情未做）；remember doing sth. （记得做过某事，事情已做）
例：Remember to finish your homework.（记得完成你的作业。）；I remember practicing this word yesterday.（我记得昨天练习过这个单词。）
forget to do sth. （忘记要做某事，事情未做）；forget doing sth. （忘记做过某事，事情已做）
例：Don’t forget to bring your notebook.（别忘了带你的笔记本。）；I forgot telling him the news.（我忘记已经告诉他这个消息了。）
3. 易错点：区分 remember/forget 后接 to do 和 doing 的含义，避免混淆“未做”和“已做”的场景。
3. 情态动词 can 与 be able to 的区别
1. 相同点：两者都表示“能够、会”，可互换使用（主语为第一、二人称时，语气差异不大）。
2. 不同点及例句：
can：只有现在时和过去时（could），无其他时态；语气更口语化、随意。
例：I can swim.（我会游泳。）；She could ride a bike when she was 5.（她5岁时就会骑自行车了。）
be able to：可用于各种时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等），语气更正式，强调“通过努力能够做到”。
例：He is able to finish the work on time.（他能够按时完成工作。）；We will be able to learn more by doing experiments.（通过做实验，我们将能够学到更多。）Unit6 Learning by doing 复习清单默写版
【重要词汇】
（1）单词默写
1.学习；学会 ____________
2.通过；凭借；在……旁边 ____________
3.做；干；助动词（无实义） ____________
4.实验；做实验 ____________
5.科学；自然科学 ____________
6.正确的；纠正 ____________
7.错误；失误 ____________
8.提高；改善 ____________
9.练习；实践 ____________
10.技能；技巧 ____________
11.成功的 ____________
12.失败；未能（做到） ____________
13.经验；经历；体验 ____________
14.发现；发觉 ____________
15.分享；分担；份额 ____________
16.知识；学问 ____________
17.有帮助的；有用的 ____________
18.方法；办法 ____________
19.记住；记得 ____________
20.忘记；遗忘 ____________
21.有耐心的；病人 ____________
22.能够；有能力的 ____________
【重要短语】
1.通过做来学习 ____________
2.做实验 ____________
3.犯错误 ____________
4.纠正错误 ____________
5.提高英语 ____________
6.练习做某事 ____________
7.培养技能 ____________
8.在……方面成功 ____________
9.未能做某事 ____________
10.在……有经验 ____________
11.发现新事物 ____________
12.和某人分享某物 ____________
13.获得知识 ____________
14.对某人有帮助 ____________
15.做某事的方法 ____________
16.记得要做某事 ____________
17.忘记要做某事 ____________
18.对某人有耐心 ____________
19.能够做某事 ____________
20.通过做某事 ____________
【练一练】
一、单项选择
1．We can’t live without ________ in modern society.
A．battery B．electricity C．apartment D．landmark
2．The little boy leaned ________ the door and looked outside.
A．on B．against C．in D．at
3．We must learn about electric ________ to keep safe.
A．safety B．safe C．safely D．save
4．Food will ________ easily if you leave it outside the fridge.
A．go bad B．go up C．go out D．go on
5．This small device is ________ by solar power.
A．power B．powered C．powering D．powers
6．Jack has a cold. He________ lie down and have a rest.
A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t
7．You’d better ________ more water if you have a fever.
A．drink B．drinking C．to drink D．drank
二、单词拼写
8．Reading can ________ (促进；推动) our understanding of different cultures.
9．It takes time and effort to ________ (获得；得到) a new skill like painting.
10．I like reading ________ (诗歌) because they can express deep feelings in short lines.
11．In the first s______ (阶段) of the game, we just need to warm up.
三、适当形式填空
12．We should learn to use different ________ (电器) safely.
13．Playing too many ________ (video) games is bad for your eyes.
14．We have ________ (run) out of water, so we need to buy some.
15．We will ________ (connect) the computer to the printer later.
16．The two schools have many things in ________ (common).
17．We must pay attention to ________ (safe) when we use electrical appliances.
18．________ (electric) is very important in our daily life, but it’s also dangerous.
四、完成句子
19．天气很冷。你最好穿上你的大衣。
It’s very cold. You ________ ________ put on your coat.
20．我们最好不要在教室里大声喧哗。
We ________ ________ ________ make a loud noise in the classroom.
21．难怪他今天没来上学，原来他生病了。
________ ________ he didn’t come to school today. He is ill.
22．随着时间的流逝，这本字典会越来越有价值。(用适当形式填空)
As time ________ ________, this dictionary will become more and more valuable.
23．很多学生参加了上周的拼写比赛。
Many students ________ ________ ________ the ________ ________ last week.
五、语法选择
Mr. Evans lived in a city. He 24 a math teacher three years ago. He taught well and his students liked him, so he decided to work in the middle school all his life. 25 a terrible accident changed his life.
One day, he took the whole class to visit a famous place of interest. The children saw a lot of 26 things and had a good time there. But on their way to school, their bus 27 by a truck because the young driver was drunk. Five students died and more than half the children were injured in 28 accident. He didn’t know how it had happened and was very sad about it.
29 he came out of hospital, he left the school and became a policeman. He tried his best to stop the drivers from 30 the traffic rules and regulations. He worked hard and was strict 31 the drivers so that they were afraid of 32 . He really hoped that all the people could obey the rules and respect life seriously.
To him, every driver who chose to follow the rules, every child who crossed the road safely, was a small victory—one that honored the memory of the students he’d lost, and made the world a little 33 , one day at a time. That is good enough for safety.
24．A．was B．is C．were D．are
25．A．So B．Before C．Since D．But
26．A．interesting B．interested C．interest D．interests
27．A．hit B．hits C．was hitting D．was hit
28．A．a B．an C．the D．/
29．A．Before B．After C．Since D．Until
30．A．break B．breaking C．broken D．broke
31．A．for B．to C．with D．about
32．A．his B．he C．him D．himself
33．A．safely B．safe C．safer D．safest
六、阅读理解
Are you looking for fun ways to learn Unit 1&2 English Come and join our 2025 “English & Festival” Club! We have interesting lessons and activities to help you practice English while enjoying traditional festivals. For more information, call 399-7766!
Monday-Friday 6:00 p.m.-7:00 p.m. Unit 1 English Corner Practice spoken English with topics like “How to learn phonics”, Saturday 9:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. Unit 2 Festival Workshop Learn to make mango yogurt mooncakes and say festival words in English.
Monday, Wednesday 7:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m. Unit 1 Writing Class Use the “Write Right” app to fix grammar mistakes. Sunday 2:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. English Festival Show Describe Dragon Boat Festival customs in English and win app memberships.
Tuesday, Thursday 6:30 p.m.-7:30 p.m. Unit 2 Word Game Play “Word Link” to remember festival words. The last Sunday of every month, 6:00 p.m.-8:00 p.m. Mid-Autumn Party Enjoy mooncakes and watch English festival videos.
34．You can’t join the Unit 1 English Corner on ________.
A．Monday B．Wednesday C．Saturday D．Friday
35．What can you do in the Unit2 Festival Workshop
A．Practice Unit 1 writing. B．Make mango yogurt mooncakes.
C．Play computer games. D．Watch Chinese movies.
36．How often can you join the English Festival Show
A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Once a month. D．Twice a month.
37．Which of the following is TRUE according to the material
A．The Unit 2 Word Game is on Tuesday and Thursday.
B．The Mid-Autumn Party is on the first Sunday of every month.
C．You can win a math book in the English Festival Show.
D．The Unit 1 Writing Class uses the “Sound Lab” app.
38．Where can you most probably see this material
A．In a storybook. B．In an English textbook.C．In a school notice. D．In a cookbook.
第二节 阅读短文及文后的A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。
Beauty sleep is a real thing. Researches have shown that people who have enough sleep look more attractive (有魅力的) to others. 39
The researchers asked 25 university students to join in their sleep experiment. 40 A week later, they were asked to sleep for only four hours every night for two nights in a row.
41 Next, they asked 122 strangers to have a look at the photos and judge them on attractiveness, health, and sleepiness, as well as asking them: How much would you like to make friends with this person in the picture
The strangers were good at judging if the person they were looking at was tired, and if they were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low. 42 The researchers say this is natural for people. An unhealthy-looking face makes people run away. In other words, people don’t want to hang around (闲逛) with people who might be ill.
Dr. Brewer, an expert at the University of Liverpool, said judgement of attractiveness is often unconscious (无意识的), but we all do it. 43 This study is a good reminder of how important sleep is to us.
A．The researchers took photos of the volunteers after both the good and the bad sleep.
B．We can also judge on whether someone looks tired or unhealthy.
C．A few bad nights are enough to make a person look “especially” uglier, as their sleep experiment show.
D．They were asked to get a good night’s sleep for two nights.
E．The strangers also said they wouldn’t want to make friends with the tired students.
七、短文填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Joseph is a teacher in New York. He 44 (give) lessons to his students about American history. But he was born 45 Kenya, an African country where the children have a very different life. For example, a ten-year-old boy may spend more time taking care of cows than studying at school. The children also learn many 46 (skill) like how to live in the wild.
Unlike many other children, Joseph went to school. And luckily, when he was 15, he came to study in America and then became a teacher. Joseph has written a book called Facing the Lion. In the book, he talks about his childhood. He thinks it is very important for American children 47 (learn) about the cultural differences between their country and others. He also thinks children should learn to be full of hope. So far, Joseph 48 (do) many projects to help children face their own “lions” .
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参考答案
【重要词汇】
（一）单词答案
1.learn
2.by
3.do
4.experiment
5.science
6.correct
7.mistake
8.improve
9.practice
10.skill
11.successful
12.fail
13.experience
14.discover
15.share
16.knowledge
17.helpful
18.method
19.remember
20.forget
21.patient
22.able
【重要短语】
1.learn by doing
2.do an experiment
3.make a mistake
4.correct mistakes
5.improve English
6.practice doing sth.
7.develop skills
8.be successful in
9.fail to do sth.
10.have experience in
11.discover new things
12.share sth. with sb.
13.gain knowledge
14.be helpful to sb.
15.a method of doing sth.
16.remember to do sth.
17.forget to do sth.
18.be patient with sb.
19.be able to do sth.
20.by doing sth.
【练一练】
1．B
【详解】句意：在现代社会，没有电我们无法生活。
battery电池；electricity电；apartment公寓；landmark地标。根据“in modern society”和“can’t live”及常识可知，现代社会离不开电。应选electricity。
2．B
【详解】句意：那个小男孩倚靠在门上向外看。
on在……上面；against倚靠；in在……里面；at在。根据“leaned ... the door”可知，此处表示身体斜靠在门这个垂直物体表面，固定搭配lean against意为“倚靠在……上”。
3．A
【详解】句意：我们必须学习用电安全以保持安全。
safety安全，名词；safe安全的，形容词；safely安全地，副词；save拯救，动词。根据“electric”是形容词，修饰名词可知，此处应填名词。
4．A
【详解】句意：如果你把食物放在冰箱外面，它很容易变质。
go bad变质；go up上升；go out出去；go on继续。根据“if you leave it outside the fridge”可知，食物离开冰箱容易变质。故选A。
5．B
【详解】句意：这个小装置是由太阳能供电的。
根据“This small device is...by solar power.”可知，主语device与动词power之间是被动关系，谓语结构为“be+动词的过去分词”。power的过去分词为powered。
6．C
【详解】句意：杰克感冒了。他应该躺下休息。
can能；can’t不能；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“Jack has a cold.”可知，杰克生病了，此处是给出建议，认为他应该休息。应填should。
7．A
【详解】句意：如果你发烧了，你最好多喝水。
考查had better的用法。drink喝，动词原形；drinking喝，动名词；to drink喝，动词不定式；drank喝，过去式；根据“You’d better…more water”可知，had better后接动词原形。故选A。
8．promote/facilitate/advance
【详解】句意：阅读可以促进我们对不同文化的理解。情态动词can后接动词原形，“促进；推动” 用动词promote/facilitate/advance，故填promote/facilitate/advance。
9．acquire
【详解】句意：要获得像绘画这样的新技能，需要时间和努力。acquire“获得”，动词；It takes…+to do sth“做某事花费某人……”，固定搭配。
10．poems
【详解】句意：我喜欢读诗歌，因为它们能用简短的词句表达深刻的情感。“诗歌”可译为poem，为可数名词，且后半句用代词they指代空格处的词，说明需要用名词复数形式，因此填poems。
11．stage/tage
【详解】句意：在比赛的第一阶段，我们只需要热身就可以了。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，stage“阶段”，名词。
12．appliances
【详解】句意：我们应该学会安全使用不同的电器。“different”后需接可数名词复数，appliance意为“电器”，直接在词尾加s变为复数形式appliances。
13．video
【详解】句意：玩太多电子游戏对你的眼睛有害。“video”作定语修饰“games”，名词作定语通常用单数形式。
14．run
【详解】句意：我们已经用完了水，所以需要去买一些。助动词“have”提示句子为现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词，run的过去分词为run。
15．connect
【详解】句意：我们稍后会把电脑和打印机连接起来。will后接动词原形connect构成一般将来时。
16．common
【详解】句意：这两所学校有很多共同之处。common“共同之处”，是名词，have...in common“有……共同之处”是固定搭配。故填common。
17．safety
【详解】句意：我们使用电器时必须注意安全。介词“to”后面要接名词作宾语，safe的名词形式是safety“安全”。
18．Electricity
【详解】句意：电在我们的日常生活中非常重要，但它也很危险。句中空格处在句首作主语，需要用名词形式，electric是形容词，意为“电的、用电的”，其名词形式为electricity，意为“电、电能”，句首首字母大写。
19． had better
【详解】原句中“最好”是关键词，表示“最好做某事”的固定短语是had better，后接动词原形。
20． had better not
【详解】原句中“最好不要”为关键信息，对应固定搭配had better not do sth.。
21． No wonder
【详解】原句中“难怪”是关键词，表示“难怪”的短语是no wonder，它是“It’s no wonder that”的省略形式，引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。
22． goes by
【详解】原句中“流逝”是关键词，表示“随着时间的流逝”的固定短语是go by。本句为时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句主语time是不可数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式goes。
23． took part in spelling bee
【详解】原句中“参加”和“拼写比赛”为关键信息，“参加”对应固定搭配take part in，“拼写比赛”是spelling bee；时间状语last week表示过去，句子用一般过去时。
24．A 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．B 31．C 32．C 33．C
【导语】本文讲述了数学老师Evans先生的人生转折：一场车祸让他从教师转变为交警，从此致力于维护交通安全，以此纪念事故中逝去的学生。
24．句意：三年前，他是一名数学老师。
句子时间状语three years ago表明句子用一般过去时；主语He为第三人称单数，应用was。选项is和are是一般现在时，were是过去式的复数形式，均不符。
25．句意：但一场可怕的事故改变了他的人生。
前文提到 “he decided to work in the middle school all his life”，后文说 “a terrible accident changed his life”，前后为转折关系，应用But。So表结果、Before表时间、Since表原因或时间，均逻辑不符。
26．句意：孩子们看到了很多有趣的事物，在那里玩得很开心。
空后为名词things，需用形容词修饰，结合 “玩得开心” 可知事物是 “有趣的”，应用interesting。interested修饰人，表示 “让人感兴趣的”；interest属于名词或动词；interests是名词复数，用法均不符。
27．句意：但在回学校的路上，他们的公交车被一辆卡车撞了，因为年轻的司机酒驾了。
主语their bus是动作的承受者，结合 “司机酒驾” 可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态，应用was hit。选项hit是主动过去式；hits是主动一般现在时；was hitting是过去进行时主动语态，均不符。
28．句意：五名学生在这场事故中丧生，超过一半的孩子受伤。
此处特指前文提到的这场车祸，需用定冠词表示特指，应用 the。a、an为不定冠词，表泛指；D选项零冠词均不符合语法要求。
29．句意：出院后，他离开了学校，成为了一名警察。
根据上下文逻辑，“出院” 是时间节点，之后他做出了职业转变。应用After，符合时间顺序。Before“在之前”，逻辑相反；Since“自从”，后常接时间点，主句需用完成时；Until“直到”语义不符。
30．句意：他尽全力阻止司机违反交通规则。
固定搭配stop sb. from doing something（阻止某人做某事），介词from后接动名词，应用breaking。break动词原形，broken过去分词，broke过去式，均不符合from后接动名词的规则。
31．句意：他工作努力，对司机们要求很严格，以至于他们都怕他。
固定搭配be strict with sb.（对某人严格），应用with。for“为了”，to“到”和about“关于”均不与 strict 构成该搭配。
32．句意：他工作努力，对司机要求很严格，以至于他们都怕他。
介词of后需接宾语，指代Evans先生，用人称代词宾格，应用him。his是物主代词，he是人称代词主格，himself是反身代词，用法不符。
33．句意：对他而言，每一位选择遵守规则的司机，每一个安全过马路的孩子，都是一场小小的胜利——这些胜利既告慰了他逝去学生的在天之灵，也让这个世界一天天地变得更安全了一点。
此句后面的“one day at a time”表示“一天天地”，暗含这里应该是 “比之前更安全” 的比较含义，用形容词比较级，应用safer。safely是副词，不能作宾语补足语；safe为形容词原级，无法体现 “更安全” 的递进含义；safest是形容词最高级，此处无三者及以上比较语境。
34．C 35．B 36．A 37．A 38．C
【导语】本文是一则关于“英语与节日”俱乐部的活动通知，介绍了Unit 1和Unit 2的英语学习活动安排，包括时间、内容和联系方式。
34．细节理解题。根据表格中“Monday-Friday 6:00 p.m.-7:00 p.m. Unit 1 English Corner”可知，“英语角”的活动时间为周一至周五，周六没有安排。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据表格中“Unit 2 Festival Workshop”部分“Learn to make mango yogurt mooncakes”可知，活动中可以制作芒果酸奶月饼。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据表格中“Sunday 2:00 p.m.-4:00 p.m. English Festival Show”可知，该活动每周日举行一次，即每周一次。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据表格中“Tuesday, Thursday 6:30 p.m.-7:30 p.m. Unit 2 Word Game”可知，第二单元的“文字游戏”在星期二和星期四进行。故选A。
38．推理判断题。根据“Are you looking for fun ways to learn Unit 1&2 English Come and join our 2025 ‘English & Festival’ Club! ”可知，全文是一则活动通知，最可能出现在学校的公告栏或通知中。故选C。
39．C 40．D 41．A 42．E 43．B
【导语】本文主要通过一个实验证明了睡眠对于一个人来说非常重要的，好的睡眠可以让人看起来更有吸引力。
39．根据第一段“Researches have shown that people who have enough sleep look more attractive to others”可知，讲的是睡眠对人的影响，C项“A few bad nights are enough to make a person look “especially” uglier, as their sleep experiment show.”符合语境。
40．根据第二段“The researchers asked 25 university students to join in their sleep experiment.”可知，空处应是介绍实验的内容，D项“They were asked to get a good night’s sleep for two nights.”与后文的“一周后，他们被要求连续两晚每晚只睡四个小时”形成对比。
41．根据第三段“Next, they asked 122 strangers to have a look at the photos and judge them on attractiveness, health, and sleepiness”可知，空处应是与照片相关，A项“The researchers took photos of the volunteers after both the good and the bad sleep.”符合语境。
42．根据第三段“How much would you like to make friends with this person in the picture ”和第四段“The strangers were good at judging if the person they were looking at was tired, and if they were sleepy, their attractiveness score was low.”可知，内容与陌生人交友有关，E项“The strangers also said they wouldn’t want to make friends with the tired students.”符合语境。
43．根据第五段“said judgement of attractiveness is often unconscious, but we all do it.”可知，此处是介绍对吸引力的判断方法，B项“We can also judge on whether someone looks tired or unhealthy.”符合语境。
44．gives 45．in 46．skills 47．to learn 48．has done
【导语】本文主要讲了一位名叫Joseph的非洲教师的成长经历；他通过自己的努力成为一名教师，并且做了许多项目帮助非洲的孩子。
44．句意：他教他的学生们美国历史。give lessons“上课”，根据“Joseph is a teacher in New York.”可知Joseph在纽约当老师，这里讲的是他的现状，用一般现在时，主语是“He”，所以动词用第三人称单数形式。故填gives。
45．句意：但是他出生在一个非洲的国家Kenya，在那里孩子们有非常不同的生活。be born in“出生在某地”。故填in。
46．句意：这些孩子们也学习许多像如何在野外生存的技能。skill“技能”，可数名词，空格前有many修饰，用可数名词复数。故填skills。
47．句意：他认为，对美国的学生们来说，学习他们的国家和其他国家之间的文化差异很重要。it is adj. for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是怎么样的”，这里it作形式主语，后面的动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to learn。
48．句意：到目前为止，他做了许多项目去帮助孩子们面对他们自己的“狮子”。根据“So far”可知本句的时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，do“做”，主语为Joseph是第三人称单数。故填has done。

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