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(共39张PPT)
Unit 5 Great inventions
Lesson 6 Great inventions of ancient China
冀教版（2024）八年级
下
1.- 能掌握核心词汇：invention, abacus, tofu, porcelain, silk, source, mineral, accidentally等，能理解并运用关键句型：- “It was invented in China over... years ago.”- “It is said that...”
- “The origins of... can be traced back to...”
2.能读懂介绍中国古代发明的说明文，获取细节信息并完成填空、问答练习，通过阅读梳理信息、对比不同发明的特点，培养逻辑梳理与归纳能力，理解文本中发明的文化内涵，能用英语简单介绍一项中国古代发明。
3. 了解算盘、豆腐、茶、瓷器、丝绸等中国古代发明的背景与影响，增强文化自信与民族自豪感，理解这些发明对世界文明的贡献，初步形成跨文化对比的意识。
00
Learning objectives
Warming up
Let's watch a video.
Compass
Gunpowder
Printing
Paper-making
Bi Sheng
Cai Lun
Ancient Chinese
Ancient Chinese
The four great inventions were invented by Chinese.
Brainstorm
The ancient four great inventions
Brainstorm
The new four great inventions
High-Speed Rail（HSR）
Bike sharing
Electronic Payment Systems
Online shopping
The new four great inventions were invented by Chinese.
Lead-in
How about these inventions
What do you know about these inventions
abacus
tea
tofu
porcelain
silk
abacus
tofu
算盘是中国传统的计算工具，是由早在春秋时期便已普通使用的筹算逐渐演变而来的，它不但是中国古代的一项重要发明，而且是在阿拉伯数字出现之前曾被人们广为使用的一种计算工具。
我国是豆腐的发源地。相传，淮南王刘安（公元前177-前122年）的母亲喜欢吃黄豆，有一次其母因病不能吃整粒黄豆，刘安就叫人把黄豆磨成粉，怕粉太干，便冲入些水熬成豆乳，又怕味淡，再放些盐卤，结果凝成了块状的东西，即豆腐花。淮南王之母吃了很高兴，病势好转，于是豆腐就流传了下来。而豆腐的制作很可能是刘安在组织方士们炼丹实践中发明的。
Background
porcelain
tea
silk
中国的茶文化源远流长，从文献记载来看，早期的茶叶可能也曾作为食材入馔；而作为专用饮料，应不晚于西汉。到了魏晋南北朝时，茶一度成为奢侈饮品。隋唐以后，茶饮更为普及，上至皇室、下至百姓，无不爱茶，品茶、论茶也成为一时风尚，但直至陆羽著《茶经》才对茶文化进行系统梳理和著述。
瓷器是由瓷石、高岭土、石英石、莫来石等烧制而成，外表施有玻璃质釉或彩绘的物器。瓷器的成形要通过在窑内经过高温（约1280℃～1400℃）烧制，瓷器表面的釉色会因为温度的不同从而发生各种化学变化，是中华文明展示的瑰宝。中国的瓷器，从严格科学意义上说，开始于东汉。
丝绸源于桑树，取自蚕丝，经精工巧织，得绫罗绸缎，彰显贵之荣。5000多年前，华夏民族先民发明了种桑养蚕和缫丝织绸，相传嫘祖是发明蚕桑丝绸的始祖，嫘祖育蚕于洛阳]，中原地区是中国的丝绸之源；后黄帝、尧、舜垂衣裳而天下治。
Pre-reading
Today we will know more about these inventions.
Read the passage and answer the questions.
1
A Who discovered tea according to the passage
B There is another name for porcelain. What is it
Shennong discovered tea according to the passage.
Porcelain is also called china.
What’s the structure of the text
A.
①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦
B.
①/②③④⑤⑥⑦
What’s each part about
Part1:General introduction
Part2:Five inventions
Part3:Conclusion
abacus
tofu
tea
porcelain
silk
Fast-reading
1. What are the four most significant inventions of ancient China mentioned in the text
2. According to the text, did ancient Chinese people create only the four major inventions
Read paragraph 1 and answer the questions.
The four most significant inventions of ancient China are paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and compasses.
No, besides the four major inventions, ancient Chinese people also made many other fascinating inventions.
Careful-reading
1. What is the abacus, and where was it invented
2. Who mainly used the abacus in ancient times, and for what purpose
Read paragraph 2 and answer the questions.
The abacus is a calculating tool, and it was invented in China over 2,500 years ago.
Merchants and bankers primarily used the abacus to perform calculations.
1. Where did tofu originate, and how long has it been part of Chinese cuisine
2. What are two health benefits of eating tofu mentioned in the text
Read paragraph 3 and answer the questions.
Tofu originated in China and has been an important part of Chinese cuisine for over 2,000 years.
Tofu is rich in minerals that help build strong bones and reduce the risk of some diseases.
1. What is the origin of tea according to the text
2. How has tea changed from its ancient discovery to today
Read paragraph 4 and answer the questions.
Tea originated in China.
From being discovered in ancient China, tea has now become popular all over the world.
1. Where and when did porcelain originate according to the text
2. What happened to porcelain after it spread across China
Read paragraph 5 and answer the questions.
Porcelain originated in China during the Han Dynasty.
It reached other parts of the world.
1. What is silk made from according to the text
2. Why was the Silk Road given its name
Read paragraph 6 and answer the questions.
Silk is made from the cocoons of silkworms.
It was named after silk, which was a valuable Chinese product.
1. What does the text say about ancient Chinese inventors and scientists
2. What two continuing impacts do these ancient inventions have today
Read paragraph 7 and answer the questions.
The text says they showed brilliance through their inventions.
They continue to inspire people and shape modern science and technology.
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
2
A Abacus has a history dating back about ________ years. It once was the primary _______ used by merchants and bankers to calculate.
B Tofu is a good _________ of protein and is _______ in minerals that are important for people’s health.
C Tea was discovered by Shennong, an ancient Chinese emperor, when a tea leaf _____________ fell into a pot of boiling water.
D The origins of porcelain can be traced back to _______________ and then became one of China’s most famous exports.
E Silk is made from the cocoons of ___________ and the Silk Road was named after this valuable product.
2,500
tool
source
rich
accidentally
the Han Dynasty
silkworms
We all know the most significant inventions of ancient China --- paper-making,printing, gunpowder, and the compass. However, Chinese people also made many other fascinating inventions.
Have you used the abacus It was invented in China over 2,500 years ago.It became the primary tool used by merchants and bankers to calculate.
Tofu originated in China. It is a good source of protein. Tofu is rich in minerals that are important for building strong bones and reducing the risk of some diseases. It has been an important part of Chinese cuisine for over 2,000 years and is now enjoyed worldwide.
Language points
Underline the key expressions.
最重大的发明
significant 重要的，重大的
然而
fascinating极有吸引力的；奇妙的
主要工具
商人
银行家
计算
超过
起源于
优质蛋白质来源
富含矿物质
降低患病风险
中国菜肴
被全世界享用
对...很重要
reduce降低
Tea making is another invention from China. It is said that Shennong,an ancient Chinese emperor discovered tea when a tea leaf accidentally fell into a pot of boiling water. Today, tea is popular all over the world.
The origins of porcelain can be traced back to the Han Dynasty in China.Porcelain quickly spread throughout China and reached other parts of the world.
Silk is another important Chinese invention. It is made from the cocoons of silkworms. The Silk Road was named after this valuable product.
The Chinese inventions witnessed the brilliance of ancient Chinese scientists, inventors, and thinkers. Although hundreds of years have passed,these inventions continue to inspire and shape modern science and technology.
制茶
皇帝
副词，意外地
一壶沸水
全世界
...的起源
追溯到汉朝
传遍全中国
传到世界其他地方
由...制成（看不到原材料）
蚕茧
以...命名
珍贵的商品
见证...的光辉
数百年的
持续启发并塑造
尽管
be used to do sth.被用来做某事（被动语态）强调用途，相当于be used for doing sth.。
e.g. Wood is used to make paper.木头被用来造纸。
句
讲
例
Language points
It became the primary tool used by merchants and bankers to calculate.
拓
例
be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
used to do sth.过去常常做……（现在不做了）
e.g. I am used to getting up early.我习惯早起。
I used to get up early.
我过去常常早起。（现在不了）
It is said + that 从句 “据说……；人们说……”这里的 It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。这个句型是主动句 People say that... （人们说……）的被动形式。
e.g. It is said that the Great Wall is the longest wall in the world.
据说长城是世界上最长的墙。
It is said that this story happened 2000 years ago.
据说这个故事发生在2000年前。
句
讲
例
Language points
It is said that Shennong, an ancient Chinese emperor, discovered tea when a tea leaf accidentally fell into a pot of boiling water.
拓
- It is believed that... （人们相信……）
- It is reported that... （据报道……）
- It is known that... （众所周知……）
be made from 由……制成; 强调原料经过化学变化，成品已经看不出原本的样子
e.g. Wine is made from grapes.（葡萄酒由葡萄酿成，看不出葡萄）
Butter is made from milk.（黄油由牛奶制成，看不出牛奶）
句
讲
例
Language points
It is made from the cocoons of silkworms.
拓
例
be made of 由……制成；强调材料的物理形态未改变，成品仍能一眼看出原料是什么。
be made in 在……（地点）制造 后接地点/国家，表示产地
e.g. The bridge is made of stone.（桥是石头砌的，能看出石头）
This watch is made in Switzerland.（这块手表是瑞士制造的）
although 作连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于“though”，二者都不能与but 连用，但可与yet，still 连用。可以转换成用but 连接的句子。
注意：even 能和though 搭配，但是even 不能与although 搭配。
e.g. Although/Though he is very tired, he is still working.
= He is very tired, but he is still working.
虽然他很累，但是他仍然在工作。
Our team lost, although it was a wonderful game.
我们队输了，不过这是一场精彩的比赛。
句
讲
例
Language points
Although hundreds of years have passed, these inventions continue to inspire and shape modern science and technology.
1. 被用来做某事
2. 起源于
3. 对...很重要
4.被全世界享用
5. 富含；含有丰富的
6. 追溯到
7. 全世界
8. …的起源
9. 据说...
10.传遍全中国
11.由...制成（看不到原材料）
12.以...命名
13.见证...的光辉
14.继续做某事
be used to do sth
originate in
be important for
be enjoyed worldwide
be rich in
be traced back to
all over the world
the origins of
It is said that ...
spread throughout China
be made from
be named after
witness the brilliance of
continue to do sth
Phrases summary
There are many great inventions and innovations around the plete the table and share your ideas with your group.
3
Country Inventions Influences
Inventions Time Countries Influences
Abacus Over 2,500 years ago China Key calculation tool for merchants
Tofu Over 2,000 years ago China Popular global protein food
Tea making Ancient times China Worldwide popular drink
Porcelain The Han Dynasty China Famous global export
Steam Engine 1765 UK Powered the Industrial Revolution
Telephone 1876 US Revolutionized long-distance communication
Example:
Work in groups. Select a great invention and introduce it.
S1: I want to introduce... to you. It is invented in... by... It helps people... It is popular all over the world.
S2: ...
S3: ...
I can talk about different kinds of inventions: I believe the invention of paper has greatly influenced the development of human civilization. Modern means of transportation, such as high-speed trains and airplanes, help people travel faster and farther.
I know about inventions that drive social progress: The development of transportation has made travelling much easier and faster. As it’s connected to the internet, it has made study and research much easier.
Self-check
I can introduce one of my favourite inventors or inventions: Every invention is a symbol of human creativity It was invented in...
I can talk about great inventions of ancient China: We all know the most significant inventions of ancient China — paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and compasses.
Improvement needed:
Fun Time
Thanks to technology
Inventions an discoveries
Have changed the modern world.
Developing technologies
Have changed the modern world.
I will turn on the light.
Thanks to electricity.
I will turn on the light.
Thanks to electricity
Ancient inventions inspire us to innovate today—creativity connects past and future!
Homework
- 基础层：背诵核心词汇，完成课文练习。
- 提升层：用3-5句话介绍一项你喜欢的中国古代发明。
- 拓展层：和家人一起了解一项其他的中国古代发明，下节课分享。
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Thanks!

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