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(共55张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using language
必 备 知 识 自 测
[核心单词·练通]
1.____________ / k n mi/ n.经济
2.____________ / d ɡ( )l/ n.(热带)丛林
3.____________ / p re t / n.经营者
4._____________ / k ns ve ( )n st/ n.(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者;环境保护主义者
economy
jungle
operator
conservationist
[拓展单词·用活]
1.____________ /d st b/ v.干扰,扰乱→ disturbed adj.心神不安的;心烦意乱的→disturbing adj.令人不安的,烦扰的
2.____________ / p re t / n.经营者→ operate v.经营,操作
[阅读单词·识记]
emission /i m ( )n/ n._______________
disturb
operator
散发物,排放物
[重点短语·再现]
1.________________脱下;短暂停车;做成;努力实现
2.________________用完,耗尽
3.________________与……融洽/和谐
4.________________特别,尤其
5.in turn _____________________
6.become/be increasingly concerned about... _____________________
pull off
use up
in harmony with
in particular
依次,轮流,反过来
(变得)对……越来越关心
核 心 考 点 突 破
1.pull off脱下;短暂停车;做成;努力实现
教材原文　I pull off the headset and I’m back in my living room.　我摘下耳机,回到客厅。
感知　语言先输入
①She pulls off her hat and her hair blows across her mouth,tasting of salt.(动作描写)
②He reached deep into his pocket,pulled out a handful of change,and held it up to the farmer.(动作描写)
记牢　知识再梳理
pull out　　 驶离路边,驶出;拔出,取出;渡过难关;恢复健康
pull up 停车;停止
pull over 把……开到路边;向路边停靠(或让车)
运用　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Considering the urgent situation,the driver pulled ____________the car and headed to the nearest Police Station.
②After driving for hours,she decided to pull ____________at a rest stop to stretch her legs and grab a snack.
③When laughter was totally submerged by loud cheering and applause,the driver ________________in front of the gate.
当笑声完全被响亮的欢呼声和掌声淹没时,司机在门前停下了车。
out
over
pulled up
2.use up用完,耗尽
教材原文　...the local people are still concerned that the hotel may use up natural resources.
……当地人仍然担心酒店可能会耗尽自然资源。
感知　语言先输入
①Recently we held a discussion about what we shall use when all the oil in the world has been used up.(活动报道)
②Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.
记牢　知识再梳理
use up,run out,run out of
use up 意为“用完,耗尽”,为及物动词短语,主语一般是人,后面可接宾语,可用于被动语态
run out 意为“用完,耗尽”,为不及物动词短语,主语一般是物,后面不可接宾语,也不可以用于被动语态
run out of 意为“用完,耗尽”,为及物动词短语,主语一般是人,后面可接宾语,但一般不用于被动语态
[运用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①If humans use ____________all the mineral resources,what will become of the next generation
②If they run out ____________certain daily necessities,Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.
up
of
③我们的钱快用完了,我们都能预测到下个月无尽的麻烦了。
→________________________________________, so we could predict the endless trouble the next month.(run out)
→________________________________________, so we could predict the endless trouble the next month.(run out of)
→________________________________________, so we could predict the endless trouble the next month.(use up)
Our money was running out
We were running out of our money
We were using up our money
语 法 知 识 过 关
Grammar—Present perfect continuous
现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时的构成 have/has+been+动词-ing形式
现在完成进行时的用法 延续动作
重复动作
感彩
现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复,而现在完成时不表示重复性
现在完成进行时有时含有感彩,而现在完成时平铺直叙
与时间段连用时可用现在完成时也可用现在完成进行时;但与“次数”连用时只能用现在完成时
一、现在完成进行时的构成和用法
1.构成:have/has+been+动词-ing形式
2.用法
(1)延续动作
[先感知]
①Epidemics have been happening for as long as there have been people living on Earth.
②The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.
[会发现]　句①主句谓语________________________强调流行病的发生是一个从古至今一直持续的状态,句②主句谓语________________________强调The Boys and Girls Club自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人。
[明规则]　现在完成进行时常用来表示开始于过去某个时间,一直延续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。常和all the time、this week、this month、all night、all the morning、recently、for+一段时间等状语以及since引导的状语从句连用。
have been happening
has been helping
(2)重复动作
[先感知]
①We have been seeing each other quite a lot recently.
②You have been saying for a year that you will study abroad.
[会发现]　句①谓语____________________强调最近频繁地见面这一动作的重复性,句②主句谓语________________________强调在过去一年内一直在说“要出国留学”这一事实。
[明规则]　现在完成进行时可表示到目前为止的一段时间里一直在反复进行的动作。
have been seeing
have been saying
(3)感彩
[先感知]
①An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.
②You have been daydreaming,but never make an effort.
[会发现]　句①从句谓语have been dreaming of体现了说话者对去南极探险的____________,句②谓语have been daydreaming表达了对沉浸在不切实际的幻想中的____________。
[明规则]　现在完成进行时可表示某种感彩,如喜爱、期待、指责、愤怒等。
渴望
责备
(1)单句语法填空
①Recently,I ____________________(eat) healthy food as opposed to junk food.
②Since last month,they _____________________(search) for clues in order to draw an accurate conclusion.
③The number of visitors _________________(rise) steadily since the reopening.
④She ____________________________(advocate) environmental protection by organizing community clean-up events and raising awareness about climate change.
have been eating
have been searching
has been rising
has been advocating
(2)完成句子
①George ___________________________________________________ non-stop for weeks and hasn’t finished it yet.
乔治几个星期来一直在不停地做这个项目,到现在还没有完成。
②In the short film,you can learn that my school ___________________________________________________________.
在短片中,你可以了解到我的学校一直在为更好的未来而奋斗。
has been working on this project
has been struggling for a better future
③The local authorities _______________________________________
to protect the historic sites in this area.
地方当局一直呼吁市民保护好当地的历史古迹。
④The Chinese people _______________________________________
in the hope of finding out more about the universe.
中国人民一直渴望探索太空,希望能更多地了解宇宙。
have been appealing to the citizens
have been desiring to explore the space
二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1.[先感知]
①We’ve created many jobs for local residents and helped the city’s economy grow.
②I have been visiting my hometown recently,and it impresses me differently each time.
[会发现]　句①have created表示动作“创造就业机会”已经____________,并且对现在产生了影响,句②have been visiting强调“访问我的家乡”的动作一再重复发生。
[明规则]　现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复,而现在完成时一般不表示重复性。
完成
2.[先感知]
①I have been waiting for you for two hours.
②I have waited for you for two hours.
[会发现]　句①使用现在完成进行时表示____________,而句②使用____________________仅说明一个事实。
[明规则]　现在完成进行时有时含有感彩,而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙。
不满
现在完成时
3.[先感知]
①He has rung me up five times since 12 o’clock.
②He has been living/lived in the city for 3 years.
[会发现]　句①使用现在完成时强调从过去某个时间点到现在,动作已经完成了的____________;而句②使用现在完成进行时强调从过去某个时间点一直持续到现在,并可能继续下去的动作,也可使用现在完成时,只强调从过去某个时间点持续到现在的动作。
次数
[明规则]　与一段时间连用时可以用现在完成时也可以用现在完成进行时;但与“次数”连用时只能用现在完成时,不能用现在完成进行时。
[名师点津]　
有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时,但可用于现在完成时,如表示状态的动词be,have,exist等;表示感情的动词like,love等;表示感觉的动词see,hear,know等。
He has had a cold for a week.
I have liked jazz since I was a teenager.
I have known her for a long time.
单句语法填空
①Since the time humankind started gardening,we ________________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful.
②Mrs.Robinson _____________________________ (work) in this company for 30 years and she will retire next year.
have been trying
has been working/has worked
③To pay for his schooling,Tom ____________________(do) a part-time job every night over the last four months.
④Jim ________________________________________(work) on his work for hours so that he feels extremely tired now.
⑤They _______________________________________(search) the area for three days and two nights,but haven’t found anybody.
⑥I ____________________(know) him for over ten years,and he has always been a great friend to me.
has been doing
has been working
have been searching
have known
课 时 测 评 作 业
基础语境练
素能提升练
[基础语境练]
Ⅰ.　同义句转换(使用现在完成进行时)(每小题2分,共10分)
1.I tried to phone you this morning.I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here.
→________________________________________________________.
I must have tried a dozen times before I caught you here.
2.Diane hasn’t got much sleep this week.She looks terrible today.
→_______________________________________________________.She looks terrible today.
I have been trying to phone you this morning
Diane hasn’t been sleeping well this week
3.Steve started to play rugby at the age of eight.Now he has become a professional player.
→_______________________________________________________.
Now he has become a professional player.
4.The dog started to bark about an hour ago.I really hope it will stop soon.
→________________________________________________________.
I really hope it will stop soon.
Steve has been playing rugby since the age of eight
The dog has been barking for about an hour
5.She began to write the letter from four o’clock in the afternoon.
→________________________________________________________
She has been writing the letter since four o’clock in the afternoon.
Ⅱ.　语法与单句写作(每小题2分,共12分)
1.She _______________________________________ since breakfast, and her fingers are starting to ache.
她从早餐起就一直在练钢琴,她的手指开始疼了。
2.I _______________________________________ for days and still haven’t found him.
我已经找了我的狗好几天了,但仍然没有找到他。
has been practising the piano
have been looking for my dog
3.I _______________________________________ this morning and I have done it for four hours so far.
今天上午我一直在做作业,到目前为止我已经做了四个小时了。
4.Given these cultural differences,it comes as no surprise that Canada __________________________ Multiculturalism Day since 2002.
考虑到这些文化差异,加拿大自2002年起就一直在庆祝多元文化日也就不足为奇了。
have been doing homework
has been celebrating
5.A retired engineer,76-year-old Wilson _________________________
to college students for the past eight years.
76岁的威尔逊是一名退休工程师,过去八年来一直为大学生提供免费乘车服务。
6.I _______________________________________ for nearly six years, so I have a good knowledge of English.
我已经学习英语近六年了,因此我精通英语。
has been offering free rides
have been learning English
Ⅲ.　语法与语篇填空(每小题2分,共20分)
Some experts 1.________________ (do) some research on robots these years.Robot teachers are now very popular with pupils in some primary schools in South Korea.2.________________ (compare) with human teachers,robot teachers are more patient.In addition,they 3.________________________ (stand) there since they were created and never feel tired.4.________________ (equip) with microphones and video cameras,the robots teach students as teachers.Researchers
have been doing
Compared
have been standing
Equipped
found that the English-teaching robots helped raise students’ interest in the language.More and more students gradually got their grades 5._________ (improve) in exams.Meanwhile,other robot teachers, which can teach math,science and art,6.________________________ (develop) so far as well.Many people think these robot teachers should be used in faraway village schools so that the children who 7.________________________ (look) forward to better education these
improved
have been developed
have been looking
years can also receive good education. 8.____________________ (give) rural school children more learning chances,the government 9.________________________ (express) great interest in developing these robots already.No doubt there will be more and more robot teachers 10.________________ (work) with students.Perhaps they will completely replace human teachers one day in the future.Who knows
To give
has expressed
working
[素能提升练]
阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共17.5分)
A
72 hours in Beijing
Traveling to China is no longer a luxury for many foreign passport holders.The Chinese government has permitted a 72-hour visa free policy that offers access to visitors from 53 countries including the US,France and Austria.Let’s start with the capital of China,Beijing.Here’s a pick of the best in Beijing.
The Forbidden City
Lying at the heart of the capital,the Forbidden City,or more accurately,the Imperial Palace,was home to 24 Chinese emperors during the Ming and Qing dynasties.Twice the size of the Vatican,it consists of 999 rooms that served the emperors and their concubines (嫔妃).Also,it’s the largest and most well-preserved wooden palace complex in the world.
The Summer Palace
Located in northwestern Beijing,the Summer Palace is by far the city’s most well-preserved royal park.With its huge lake and hilltop views,the palace offers you a pastoral (田园的) escape into the landscape of traditional Chinese paintings.The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998.
798 Art Zone
This would be on the top of my list!Named after the 798 factory that was built in the 1950s,the art zone is home to various galleries,design studios,art exhibition spaces,fashionable shops and bars.You could easily spend half your day wandering around the complex,feeling the contrast of the present and the past.
The Temple of Heaven
Originally constructed during the Ming Dynasty,the Temple of Heaven was a sacrificial temple used by emperors to appease (安抚) the heavens in order to bring prosperity to their people and ensure the harvest in the coming year.The ceremonial processions traditionally started from the south gate.Enter the long hall and navigate through the crowds,the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests will soon come into view with its three-tiered roof and stunning blue glaze.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国政府允许无签证的外籍游客可以在中国停留 72 小时,在这 72 小时内,他们不容错过的北京四个旅游目的地。
1.In which place can a traveller see the largest wooden palace complex in the world
A.The Forbidden City. B.The Summer Palace.
C.798 Art Zone. D.The Temple of Heaven.
解析　细节理解题。根据The Forbidden City部分中的“Also,it’s the largest and most well-preserved wooden palace complex in the world.”可知,故宫是世界上最大的、保存最完好的木制宫殿建筑群,由此可知,在故宫可以看到世界上最大的木制宫殿建筑群,故选 A 项。
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2.When was the Summer Palace added to the UNESCO World Heritage List
A.In 1950. B.In 1987.
C.In 1998. D.In 2014.
解析　细节理解题。根据The Summer Palace部分中的“The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1998.”可知,颐和园是在1998年被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录的,故选C项。
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3.Who is the passage intended for
A.The tourists who prefer to travel for free.
B.The foreigners to stay in Beijing for 4 days.
C.The visitors coming from every corner of China.
D.The foreign passport holders to stay in Beijing for 3 days.
解析　写作对象题。根据第一段中的“Traveling to China is no longer a...a pick of the best in Beijing!”可知,对于持有外国护照的人来说,去中国旅游不再是奢侈的事情了,中国政府批准了72小时的免签政策,允许一些国家的游客入境,由此可知,本文是写给要在北京待 3 天的外国护照持有者,故选D项。
√
B
Five years ago,French navy officer Jér me Chardon was listening to a radio program about the journey of the bar-tailed godwit, a bird that migrates 14,000 kilometers between New Zealand and Alaska. Chardon understood how treacherous the journey would be,as heavy storms frequently hit Pacific island communities. Yet, somehow, bar-tailed godwits routinely pass through the area uninjured. Chardon wondered whether learning how birds traveled could help coastal communities avoid natural disasters.
This past January,a team from France’s National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) began experiments designed to test Chardon’s idea.Researchers with a project led by Frédéric Jiguet from NMNH equipped 56 birds of five species with cutting-edge animal tracking technology.The team members were ferried to remote islands in French Polynesia,where they attached tags (标签) using tracking technology.These tags sent the birds’ locations to the International Space Station,which sent the data back to scientists on Earth who could then follow the birds—waiting to see how the birds responded to natural disasters.
The project is focusing on birds’ ability to hear the low-frequency sound humans cannot hear.Researchers believe it is most likely that signal birds would use the sound to sense storms and tsunamis (海啸).In a 2014 study,scientists tracking a kind of golden-winged birds in the central and southeastern America found that the birds flew up to 1,500 kilometers to escape from an outbreak of tornadoes that killed 35 people.The birds fled at least 24 hours before any extreme weather hit,leaving the scientists to believe that they had heard the storm system from more than 400 kilometers away.
The team plans on tagging hundreds more birds across the Pacific to prepare for a potential tsunami.“I think if there’s one wave that spreads across islands,we can get data from different species at different locations,” says Jiguet.“That will say it’s worth continuing to tag birds and to develop local systems to better analyze this.There are chances that we will develop a bird-based tsunami early warning system.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过跟踪鸟类迁徙来预警自然灾害的研究项目。
4.Which of the following best explains the word “treacherous” underlined in paragraph 1
A.Strange. B.Risky. C.Unknown. D.Frequent.
解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段的“Five years ago,French navy officer...New Zealand and Alaska.”以及画线单词的后半句话“as heavy storms frequently hit Pacific island communities”可知,太平洋岛屿社区经常受到风暴袭击,所以鸟类迁徙经过这里时会非常的危险。所以画线单词意为“危险的”,故选B项。
√
5.What is the function of the tags
A.Reporting the birds’ situations.
B.Distinguishing bird species.
C.Tracking natural disasters.
D.Guiding researchers to islands.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“These tags sent the birds’ locations...birds responded to natural disasters.”可知,这些标签的功能是报告鸟类的位置和情况,故选A项。
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6.Why is the 2014 study mentioned in paragraph 3
A.To explain a concept. B.To prove an assumption.
C.To present a new topic. D.To make comparisons.
解析　写作目的题。根据第三段“The project is focusing on birds’ ability...sense storms and tsunamis (海啸).”可知,提到2014年的研究是为了证明一个假设,即鸟类能够感知即将到来的风暴并提前逃离,故选B项。
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7.What might be the best title for the text
A.How Can Birds Avoid Natural Disasters
B.How Does a Warning System Function
C.Can Birds Warn Us of Natural Disasters
D.Can Birds Play a Role in Human Research
解析　标题归纳题。通读全段,尤其是第一段的“Chardon wondered whether learning...communities avoid natural disasters.”可知,文章主要探讨的是鸟类能否通过感知自然灾害来预警人类。所以“鸟类能警告我们自然灾害吗 ”适合作本文的标题,故选C项。
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