资源简介

(共73张PPT)
主题语境:人与自然——认识与探索自然
Unit 5　Revealing nature
大观念之单元话题:本单元围绕“认识与探索自然”展开,属于“人与自然”主题语境,通过对生物多样性、植物语言奥秘等内容的介绍,激发学生探索自然的兴趣,引发学生对自然的思考和敬畏,帮助学生理解人与自然和谐相处的重要意义，鼓励学生学习科学家不畏艰难、大胆质疑、勇敢探究的科学精神和创新精神。
①continent / k ntIn nt/ n.大陆,陆地,洲
②length /le θ/ n.长,长度;时间的长短;篇幅,(电影)片长
③biodiversity / baI daI v s ti/ n.生物多样性
④species / spi i z/ n.(pl.species) 种,物种
⑤carbon / kɑ b n/ n.碳
⑥oxygen / ksId n/ n.氧,氧气
⑦irreplaceable / IrI pleIs bl/ adj.(因贵重或独特)不能替代的
⑧with an area of...面积为……
⑨breathe life into给……带来起色,注入活力
类文悦读·情境导学
　　亚马孙雨林位于南美洲的北部,是世界上面积最大的热带雨林,也是地球上最重要的生态系统之一。它对全球的气候、水循环和土壤健康等方面都起着至关重要的调节作用。你对亚马孙雨林了解有多少呢
The Amazon rainforest:a natural treasure
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries,including Brazil and Peru,and one overseas region of France,all on the South American continent①.With an area of⑧ around 6 million square kilometres,the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.The Amazon River,from which the rainforest gets its name,is close to 6,400 kilometres in length②—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.On its journey from the mountains to the ocean,the river supports many different ecosystems.They give this area the richest biodiversity③ on the Earth:one in ten known species④ in the world can be found here.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into⑨ the planet by fixing carbon⑤ and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen⑥. Thus,it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”.Moreover,the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable⑦ plants and animals:us.Over the past 50 years,about 17 per cent of the
rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer,we are left with a question:can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
文 本 整 体 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
Look at the following pictures and answer the questions.
1.Do you know the man in the books
_______________________________________
Charles Darwin.
2.What do you know about him
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He was an English geologist and naturalist.He proposed the theory of evolution in his book On the Origin of Species.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The passage is mainly about how Darwin’s theory of evolution generated and developed on his journey on the Beagle.
2.Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　 A.Develop ideas.
Para.2 B.Propose a theory.
Para.3 C.On his journey.
Para.4 D.Answer the call of the captain.
Para.5 E.Generate ideas.
Para.6 F.The greatness of his book.
Para.7 G.Look for more evidence.
答案 Para.1 D Para.2 C Para.3 E Para.4 G Para.5 A Para.6 B Para.7 F
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
distant
known
natural
samples
evolved
difference
food
suspected
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Why was Charles Darwin a disgrace to himself and all his family
A.Because he learned medicine in the school.
B.Because he decided to visit distant countries.
C.Because he went for adventures after school.
D.Because he left medical school with no degree.
√
2.What’s Darwin’s favourite subject
A.Long distance journey.
B.Living things.
C.Medical degree.
D.Natural environment.
√
3.What did Darwin discover first
A.All species appeared at the same time.
B.All species had never changed.
C.Some species were very similar.
D.The evidence for changing environments.
√
4.Many factors affect the evolution except ________.
A.tools B.ancestor
C.environment D.food
√
5.How did people react to Darwin’s discovery first
A.Respected. B.Refused.
C.Accepted. D.Believed.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.After Darwin had spent some time in South America,his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.
学会断句:该句为复合句。After引导________________;his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals是主句;he had collected是____________,修饰samples of the plants and animals,省略了关系代词that/which。
尝试翻译：__________________________________________ ____
_________________________________________________________
时间状语从句
定语从句
达尔文在南美洲待了一段时间之后,他舰上的房间里就放满了他收集来的动植物样本。
2.When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,but it was the birds that interested him the most.
学会断句:该句为复合句。When引导________________;主句是由but连接的______________。第二个分句中含有强调句型it was...that...,强调主语the birds。
尝试翻译：__________________________________________ ____
_________________________________________________________
1835年,当“贝格尔号”到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,达尔文看到了各种各样的新物种,但是最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
时间状语从句
并列句
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
As a young man,Charles Darwin was regarded as 1.____________________ disgrace to himself and his family.He didn’t complete his 2.__________________ (medicine) degree at college.However,his adventures on the Beagle led him to one of the most important 3.____________ (discovery).
a
medical
discoveries
The journey on the ship,the Beagle,offered him a good opportunity 4.____________ (study) the living things on the islands.He was so fascinated by rocks,plants,and animals on the islands 5.____________ he got his room crowded with samples.It was believed at that time that all species 6.________________ (appear) on Earth at the same time and hadn’t changed since.Through his careful observation,he began to think 7.________________ (different).He noticed that the beaks of the finches had a difference between them from one island to another
to study
that
had appeared
differently
according to what they ate on that particular island.So he thought they must have evolved from a common ancestor,and they had evolved to adapt 8.________ the environment.
Darwin based his new idea on his observation and generated his theory of 9.________ (evolve).The book,On the Origin of Species,explained his theory,10.____________ (cause) a heated storm of debate.Today,it is still regarded as one of the most important works ever written.
to
evolution
causing
语 篇 助 解 释 疑
[原文呈现]　　　　　 A Journey of Discovery
1　The captain of the ship,the Beagle,wanted someone who would “profit① by the opportunity of visiting distant② countries yet little known”.The person [1]who answered the call was not the captain’s first choice.[2] It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.What’s more③,he had recently received a letter from his father predicting④ that he would be “a disgrace⑤ to yourself and all your family”.Despite⑥ all this,his adventures on this ship would lead to⑦ one of the most important scientific discoveries⑧ of all time⑨.
[1]who引导定语从句,修饰先行词The person。
[2]本句含It was...who强调句型,强调的是句子的主语a young man。
2　The young man in question⑩,Charles Darwin,was a geologist and naturalist ,[3]fascinated by rocks,plants and animals.He left England on the ship,the Beagle,in 1831.The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments.[4]After Darwin had spent some time in South America,his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.As he studied these,he asked himself the question:how did different species come to exist
[3]fascinated by rocks,plants and animals是过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于定语从句,who was fascinated by rocks,plants and animals。
[4]After引导时间状语从句,he had collected 是定语从句,修饰先行词 samples of the plants and animals,省略了关系代词that/which。
3　At that time,people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time,and had not changed since.But Darwin began to think differently.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments It was just an idea,but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence .
4　When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,but [5]it was the birds that interested him the most.Darwin noticed that [6]there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands.[7]It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
[5]it was...that是强调句型,强调主语the birds。
[6]采用了there was a difference between...句型,表示“……之间有区别”。
[7]采用了It seemed (that)...句型,表示“好像……”。
5　Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor ,[8]which had arrived on the islands a long time before.Over time,it had slowly evolved into many new species.And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist:they evolved from earlier ancestors.
[8]which 引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a common ancestor。
6　It was a completely new idea—a theory of evolution.Darwin explained this theory in his book,On the Origin of Species.[9]It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm.Many people refused to believe that living things,including humans,had evolved from lower forms of life.They were shocked .But Darwin’s scientific studies were [10]so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
[9]使用了not...until...句型,表示“直到……才……”。
[10]使用了so...that...句型,其中that引导结果状语从句。
7　Today,On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.And it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
[名师圈点]
①profit / pr f t/ n.利润;利益
vi.& vt.获利;有益;对……有用
②distant / d st nt/ adj.遥远的;冷漠的;远隔的;不友好的,冷淡的
③what’s more而且;更重要的是;另外
④predict /pr d kt/ v.预言,预知,预卜;做预报;断言
⑤disgrace /d s ɡre s/ n.丢脸,耻辱;丢脸的人或事vt.使……失势;给……丢脸;使……蒙受耻辱
⑥despite /d spa t/ prep.即使,尽管
⑦lead to导致
⑧scientific discovery科学发现
⑨of all time一直,始终;有史以来
⑩in question讨论中的;有疑问的;考虑中的
geologist /d i l d st/ n.地质学家,地质学者
naturalist / n t r l st/ n.自然主义者;博物学家
various / ve ri s/ adj.各种各样的;多方面的
come to exist产生
be similar to与……相似
evolve / v lv/ v.发展;进化;使逐步形成
adapt to适应
change /t eInd / v.变化,发展
inspire / n spa (r)/ vt.激励;鼓舞;启示;使产生(感觉或情感);赋予灵感
inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事
evidence / ev d ns/ n.证据,证明;迹象;明显
evident adj.明显的;明白的
a variety of种种;各种各样的……
according to根据,按照;取决于;据……所说
available / ve l bl/ adj.可获得的;可购得的;可找到的;有空的
suspect /s spekt/ v.猜想,怀疑,觉得n.嫌疑分子;可疑对象adj.可疑的;不可信的
ancestor / ns st / n.(动物的)原种,祖先
shocked / kt/ adj.震惊的;震撼的
convincing /k n v ns / adj.令人信服的;有说服力的
be regarded as被认为是……
[参考译文]　　　　　 发现之旅
“贝格尔号”舰的舰长想招募一个能“通过利用访问遥远而鲜为人知的国家的机会而获益”的人。响应号召的那个人不是舰长的首要人选。他是一位没有完成学位就离开了医学院的年轻人。而且,这位青年最近收到了一封他父亲的来信,信中预言他将是“自己和全家人的耻辱”。即便如此,他在这艘舰上的冒险经历将促成有史以来最重要的科学发现之一。
这位被提及的年轻人就是查尔斯·达尔文,他是一位地质学家和博物学家,对岩石、植物和动物有着浓厚的兴趣。1831 年,他乘坐“贝格尔号”舰离开英格兰。这次旅行让他有机会研究自然环境中的各种生物。达尔文在南美洲待了一段时间之后,他舰上的房间里就放满了他收集来的动植物样本。当研究这些时,他问了自己一个问题:不同物种是如何产生的
那时,人们认为地球上的所有物种都是同时出现的,并且此后没有发生变化。但达尔文开始有了不同的想法。他注意到,一些动物种类彼此之间十分相似。也许动物是在适应不断变化的环境时进化了 这虽然只是一个想法,但足以激励达尔文去寻找更多的证据。
1835年,当“贝格尔号”到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,达尔文看到了各种各样的新物种,但是最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。达尔文注意到,每个岛屿上的雀科鸣禽都有所不同。它们的喙似乎是根据所在的独特岛屿上可获得的食物类型而进化的。
达尔文猜想雀科鸣禽是从一个共同的原种进化而来,这个原种在很久以前就来到了群岛上。随着时间的推移,它慢慢进化成了许多新物种。这就是动植物的新物种如何产生的答案:它们从更早期的原种进化而来。
这是一个全新的理念——进化论。达尔文在他的《物种起源》一书中解释了该理论。这本书直到 1859 年才出版,并立即引起了轰动。许多人拒绝相信生物,包括人类,是从较低级的生命形式进化而来。他们感到震惊。但是达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服,以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。
如今,《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最为重要的著作之一。它永远地改变了人们对于地球上生命的看法。这一切都始于在“贝格尔号”上的旅程。
课 时 测 评 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
A practical guide to New Zealand’s “Great Walks”
For travelers with serious hiking ambitions,there’s no better country than New Zealand.“Tramping”,as the locals call it,is easy and accessible in this land of rivers,valleys and volcano calderas.But the crowning glory is its “Great Walks”—a collection of 11 multi-day hiking trails that capture the best of New Zealand’s spectacular landscapes.Though easy enough to complete,tackling any one of them requires planning,here’s all you need to know.
Do I need a permit to do a Great Walk
No.However,to limit the impact of people on the natural environment,the Department of Conservation (DOC) requires hikers to book huts and campsites in advance.Most trails have two or more huts and you’ll need to book all of them together.Amenities can vary but huts tend to feature bunk beds in shared rooms,cooking facilities,heating,lighting,mattresses,toilets and non-potable water.
How far in advance do I need to book accommodation along the Great Walks
The DOC takes bookings in June for the following season (October to April).Because of their popularity,huts and campsites can sell out within minutes,especially on the Milford Track and Abel Tasman Coast Track.If you miss out,you can still book with one of the local tour operators,which are allocated hut and campsite beds in advance or run their own lodges along the trail.
Are the Great Walks suitable for beginners
They’re all graded “intermediate”,although some are more difficult than others due to landform.However,they’re well-constructed, well-maintained and have clear signage,making them suitable for new and experienced hikers.If you’re not confident,consider joining a specialist tour that will transport most of your luggage so you can hike more lightly.Apps such as Plan My Walk feature useful packing lists,track alerts and weather forecasts.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了新西兰“Great Walks”的徒步信息,包括预订、难度和适合人群。
1.Do I need a permit to do a Great Walk
A.Yes,a permit is required.
B.No,a permit is not required.
C.Only for certain trails.
D.It depends on the season.
解析　细节理解题。根据文中Do I need a permit to do a Great Walk 部分的“No.However,to limit the impact...huts and campsites in advance.”可知,不需要许可证,故选B项。
√
2.How far in advance do I need to book accommodation along the Great Walks
A.Bookings are not required.
B.Bookings can be made any time.
C.Bookings can be made from June for the following season.
D.Bookings should be made on the day of the hike.
解析　细节理解题。根据文中How far in advance do I need to book accommodation along the Great Walks 部分的“The DOC takes bookings in June for the following season (October to April).”可知,可以从6月开始预定下一季,故选C项。
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3.Are the Great Walks suitable for beginners
A.All are difficult and not suitable for beginners.
B.They are suitable only for seasoned hikers.
C.They are suitable for both new and seasoned hikers.
D.Only guided tours are suitable for beginners.
解析　细节理解题。根据文中Are the Great Walks suitable for beginners 部分的“However,they’re well-constructed,well-maintained and have clear signage,making them suitable for new and experienced hikers.”可知,这些徒步路线适合新手和有经验的徒步者,故选C项。
√
B
Rewilding efforts aimed at making degraded (退化的) areas recover in the UK are picking up speed.Large-scale success stories have appeared, where the reintroduction of wildlife,such as bison,has transformed former agricultural lands into dynamic ecosystems, according to Rewilding Britain.These activities are not confined to rural areas;rewilding efforts in cities are also under way.A famous example of them is the Railroad Land Nature Reserve in Lewes,East Sussex,a 25-acre site bordered by the Ouse River and a railway line.The Railway Land Wildlife Trust is leading this innovative project,which is the first in the UK to involve dogs in rewilding efforts,as reported by The Guardian.
In Lewes,the traditional rewilding approach to letting wild animals go free is impractical.Instead,the project employs dogs as a modern-day replacement for wolves,which once played a key role in the British ecosystem before their extinction in 1760.These dogs are equipped with specially designed backpacks that spread seeds as they wander the reserve,imitating (模仿) the natural process of seed spread that wild animals would do.
The inspiration for this project came from two women in Chile who,in 2019,used dogs to plant seeds in areas destroyed by wildfires.This concept attracted project manager Dylan Walker,who decided to adapt the idea for the Lewes reserve.Local dog walkers have been enlisted to take part in the project.They pick up seed-filled backpacks from staff members before their walks,allowing the dogs to cover more ground and reach difficult-to-access areas.
The community has welcomed the project.Dog owners are excited to see their pets play an active role in environmental restoration.While the project is still in its early stages,signs of success are already obvious,with seeds beginning to shoot in some areas.Over time,this movement could significantly improve the biodiversity (生物多样性) of the reserve,developing a deeper connection between the community and the natural environment.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了英国使用狗携带种子背包,推动城市“再野化”,社区积极参与的相关内容。
4.What does the underlined word “confined” in the first paragraph mean
A.Limited. B.Exposed.
C.Promoted. D.Related.
解析　词义猜测题。根据该词后面的“rewilding efforts in cities are also under way”可知,“再野化”的努力不仅仅局限于农村地区,城市里的“再野化”工作也在进行中。故该词与limited同义,故选A项。
√
5.What can we learn about the project in Lewes
A.It targets agricultural lands.
B.It has a groundbreaking meaning.
C.It protects wolves from extinction.
D.It is led by two women.
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“The Railway Land Wildlife Trust is leading this innovative project,which is the first in the UK to involve dogs in rewilding efforts”可知,刘易斯的项目具有一定的开创性,第一次让狗参与推动城市“再野化”,故选B项。
√
6.What is the role of dogs in the project in Lewes
A.They assist researchers in exploring the reserve.
B.They help to spread seeds in the reserve.
C.They frighten away the wildlife.
D.They find holes to plant seeds.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“These dogs are equipped with specially designed backpacks that spread seeds as they wander the reserve, imitating (模仿) the natural process of seed spread that wild animals would do.”可知,狗通过携带种子背包来帮助种子传播,故选B项。
√
7.What may be the future of the project
A.It will need more financial support.
B.It is hard to say.
C.It will be applied in other countries.
D.It is promising.
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“While the project is still in its early stages,signs of success are already obvious,with seeds beginning to shoot in some areas.”可知,这个项目虽然是在早期阶段,但是成功的迹象是明显的,一些种子在某些区域已经开始发芽,由此可知,这个项目的未来是有前途的,故选D项。
√
C
Role models are important for inspiring scientists,but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant.
In a series of studies,researchers found that young people were more motivated (激励) by scientists whose success was connected with efforts than those whose success was because of natural intelligence,even if that scientist was Albert Einstein.
Danfei Hu,a doctoral student at the Pennsylvania State University, and Janet N.Ann,an assistant professor of Psychology at William Paterson University,said the findings—recently published in Basic and Applied Social Psychology—would help deal with the certain secret about what it takes to succeed in science.
According to the researchers,there is anxiety in the science community about a number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out of those career paths once they graduate from college.To help solve the problem,Hu and Ann wanted to research role models,who give the students specific goals,behavior or strategies they can follow.
The researchers performed studies with 176 and 162 participants in each study respectively (分别).In the first study,all participants read the same story about common struggles a scientist met in his science career.However,half were told the story was about Einstein,while half were told it was about Thomas Edison.Although the stories were the same,participants were more likely to believe natural brilliance was the reason for Einstein’s success.In addition,the participants who believe the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.
“This proved that people generally seem to view Einstein as a genius,with his success commonly linked to extraordinary talent,” Hu said.“Edison,on the other hand,is known for failing more than 1,000 times when trying to create the light bulb,and his success is linked to his efforts.” Hu added,“Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work and efforts,more students will step into the science career confidently.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现,以辛勤工作著称的科学家比被视为天生才华横溢的科学家更鼓舞人心。
8.What kind of scientist is more inspiring
A.Those who made important discoveries.
B.Those who were born with a gift.
C.Those who are viewed as great inventors.
D.Those who are famous for their hard work.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“Role models are important for inspiring...are viewed as naturally brilliant.”可知,那些以努力工作而著名的科学家更鼓舞人心,故选D项。
√
9.What is the concern in the science community
A.The students will drop out of school soon.
B.There are fewer role models for students to follow.
C.Fewer students will continue to work on science.
D.Some scientists cannot give students specific goals.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“According to the researchers,there is...once they graduate from college.”可知,科学界担心的是会有更少的学生毕业后从事科学研究,故选C项。
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10.Why were some participants motivated to complete a series of maths problems
A.They knew the problems were given by Edison.
B.They believed they could solve the problems by working hard.
C.They believed they were as intelligent as Einstein.
D.They knew they were to work together with Einstein and Edison.
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解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In addition,the participants who...a series of maths problems.”和最后一段中“Knowing that something great can...into the science career confidently.”可知,实验表明,相信故事是关于爱迪生的参与者更有动力完成一系列数学问题,因为通过爱迪生的故事,他们知道了通过辛勤工作和努力可以取得伟大的成就,故选B项。
11.What is the best title for the text
A.Einstein Is Less Encouraging than Edison
B.Einstein’s Success Story
C.How to Be a Great Scientist
D.Edison’s Achievements Are Greater
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文,结合倒数第二段关键句“However,half were told the story...complete a series of maths problems.”可知,文章主要介绍了一项研究发现,以辛勤工作著称的科学家比被视为天生才华横溢的科学家更鼓舞人心。由此可知,A项“爱因斯坦不如爱迪生鼓舞人心”能够概括文章主要内容,适合作本文最佳标题,故选A项。
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Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons,fruit comes in many different colors.__1___
According to scientists,fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素),such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青素).These pigments appear in different amounts,depending on the fruit’s environment.This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
__2__ They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places.Instead of just growing in one place,you can find them growing in many places around the world.Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places.__3__ The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator,the darker its color will be.
__4__ Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later.This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places.However,animals see colors in a different way.Therefore,in order to attract animals,some fruit develops colors that are easy for animals to see.For example,birds can see red more easily than humans can.__5__ The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color blind.Many yellow fruit can be found in their habitats,as they can easily see this color.
A.Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors
B.Animals have also had an impact on the evolution of fruit colors.
C.How does temperature influence fruit colors
D.However,a darker color doesn’t mean a better kind of fruit.
E.These fruits tend to grow a lot in just one specific area.
F.So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live.
G.Scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors to find out how environment affects fruit colors.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了水果有许多不同的颜色的原因,包括温度和动物对颜色的影响。
1.A　 [根据上文“From red apples...in many different colors.”和下文“According to scientists,fruit colors...and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青素).”可知,此空应承上启下,引出下文对水果有多种颜色的原因的解释。A选项“为什么不同种类的水果有这么多颜色 ”符合题意,故选A项。]
2.G　 [根据上文“These pigments appear in different...the fruit to turn a certain color.”可知,水果所处的环境会导致水果变成某种颜色。下文科学家将针对温度对颜色的影响进行研究。G选项“科学家研究了280多种不同的水果颜色,以找出环境是如何影响水果颜色的。”承上启下,符合题意,故选G项。]
3.E　 [根据上文“They found that red fruit tends...fruit mostly grows in warm places.”可知,水果往往在特定温度的地方生长很多。E选项“这些水果往往在一个特定的区域里生长很多。”符合题意,故选E项。]
4.B　 [根据下文“Animals eat fruit and drop the...spread and grow in different places.”可知,本段讲述的是动物对水果颜色的影响。B选项“动物对水果颜色的进化也有影响。”符合题意,故选B项。]
5.F　 [根据上文“Therefore,in order to attract...red more easily than humans can.”可知,空处应承接上文,进一步讲解鸟与红色水果的关系。F选项“因此,在鸟类生活的地方往往有更多的红色水果。”符合题意,故选F。]

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