资源简介

(共22张PPT)
Unit 2　课时作业(一)
(分值:42.5分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共9题;每题1分,共9分)
1.The 　 　 　　 (雕塑作品) was made from a single block of stone,
demonstrating the artist’s remarkable talent.
2.In the debate,she presented strong arguments against the　　　 　(相反的) viewpoint.
3.Children should be praised for their good 　　 　　 (行为),which encourages them to do better.
4.The professor’s lecture was a bit 　　 　　(令人困惑的),and I had to ask for explanation several times.
sculpture
opposing
behavior
confusing
5.He has a　　　　(独特的) talent for making people feel comfortable and at ease.
6.The smoke　　　　(警报器) went off in the middle of the night,waking everyone up.
7.The calm lake surface 　　 　　(反映) the beauty of the surrounding mountains.
8.Encouraging 　　 　　(创造性) in children can help them develop into well-rounded individuals.
9.The book’s 　　 　　(题目) caught my attention,and I decided to read it.
unique
alarm
reflects
creativity
title
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共9题;每题1.5分,共13.5分)
1.Using a telescope,Galileo discovered stars that were 　　　 　 (visible) to the naked eye (肉眼).
2.We live further down on the 　　　 　(oppose) side of the road.
3.　　 　　(alarm) by the noise,the birds flew away.
4.Speaking 　 　　　 travelling,are you going to any interesting places this year
invisible
opposite
Alarmed
of
5.On 　　　 　(reflect),I agree with your plan of doing part-time jobs in summer vacation.
6.She is satisfied with the children’s good 　　 　　(behave).
7.The talented 　　 　　(sculpt) carved a masterpiece from a block of marble.
8.It’s 　　 　　 (shame) that such a talented athlete would cheat to win a competition.
9.In formal writing,it’s important to ensure that the first word of each sentence are 　　 　　 (capitalize).
reflection
behavior
sculptor
shameful
capitalized
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.The inspiring story 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 (让我们比以前更加努力学习).
2.Studying hard and staying focused in school prepare you for a brighter future.　　　　　　　 　　　 (那就是为什么) our teachers require us to do these two.
3.I didn’t realise how much I loved my job
(直到我反思我的职业生涯).
gets us studying harder than before
That is why
until I reflected on my career
4.After years of hard work and perseverance,he finally
(实现了) his lifelong dream of becoming a successful entrepreneur.
5.Peter didn’t go to the cinema yesterday.　　　　　　　(我也没有).
wound up achieving
Neither did I
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
I still remember the day like it was yesterday.My friend Juan and I were sitting in our class library talking about something in Spanish.
Suddenly,our teacher Ms Conchita stopped us.She said,“Isidro,you are going to be on the other side from today.”
What is this “other side” you say Well,at the time,it was how our school divided the ESL (English as a Second Language) learners.At different times throughout the day,our classroom was divided.On one side,
continuous instruction in English;on the other,instruction in Spanish.
As I got up and walked to the other side,I could see everyone on the English-speaking side look at me with surprise and confusion.Sure,I knew many of them as they were part of my class,but I felt a bit uncomfortable.I never truly spent time talking with these classmates as English was something I was not comfortable with.
I took a seat next to a boy named Jonathan,and did my best to pay attention.Even though I was nervous,I still felt accomplished (熟练的).For three years,I had been part of the ESL programme.I spoke nothing but Spanish and made Spanish-speaking friends only.I finally made the jump to “normal” instruction.
As I started to immerse (沉浸在) myself in the language,slowly but surely my English began to improve.I could always speak in that language.I started to make more English-speaking friends.Furthermore,I started to understand the things I was really into.
Today,when parents of EAL (English as an Additional Language) students ask me how their children can get better at English,I look back at how I learnt English well.Then I give them my advice.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己用沉浸式方法学好英语的经历。
(　　)1.Why did the teacher stop the author and his friend Juan
[A] Because they were talking too loudly.
[B] Because she didn’t want the students to talk.
[C] Because she had something to tell his friend.
[D] Because the author needed to be with some others.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,老师叫停作者和他的朋友讲话是因为作者需要去跟另外一组同学坐在一起。 故选D。
(　　)2.What prevented the author from talking with his classmates on the other side
[A] Not being good at English.
[B] Not being popular with others.
[C] Being busy with his schoolwork.
[D] Being afraid to make new friends.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,作者的英语不太好,这使得他从未花时间跟那些讲英语的同学交谈。 故选A。
(　　)3.How did the author feel when he joined those classmates
[A] Scared and angry.
[B] Nervous but good.
[C] Proud and confident.
[D] Surprised but disappointed.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段的第二至第五句可知,加入另外一组时,尽管作者感到紧张,但是他认为自己终于跳转到“正常”了,由此可推知,作者亦感觉很好。 故选B。
(　　)4.What did the author probably advise those parents to do
[A] To learn English well themselves first.
[B] To ask their children’s teachers for help.
[C] To encourage their children to study harder.
[D] To provide an English-speaking environment.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容以及最后一段中的“I look back at...my advice.”可推知,作者很可能建议那些父母给孩子提供一个说英语的环境。 故选D。(共23张PPT)
Unit 2　课时作业(三)
(分值:43分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.If we use up too many　　　　 (资源) on Earth, there will soon be nothing left in the future.
2.When I was　　　 　 (意识到的) of all the people staring at me, I felt so nervous that I was sweating all over.
3.　　　 　 (实际上), my partner didn’t like to take notes while listening to the teacher.
4.You must　　 　　 (提醒) him to take his medicine, in case he feels seasick.
resources
aware
Actually
remind
5.Don’t make a 　 　　　 (评论) on the book if you don’t look through the passage.
6.He was hesitant to try the 　　 　　(不熟悉的) cuisine,fearing he wouldn’t like it.
7.The old man couldn’t find the 　　 　　(入口) to the building because it was late and dark at night.
8.There is heavy traffic in the 　　　 　 (在闹市区的) area tonight.
comment
unfamiliar
entrance
downtown
9.Taking the 　　　 　 (地铁) is the quickest way to get to the city centre from my apartment.
10.You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the
　　　 　 (上下文).
subway
context
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.　　　 　 (actual),there are real and fake posts in the forum.
2.At the 　　 　　 (formal) lunch,we all dressed casually and had a great time chatting and laughing.
3.The doctor gave a lecture to promote the villagers’　 　　　(aware) of physical health.
4.In 　　 　　 (add) to her main job,she also volunteers at a local charity.
Actually
informal
awareness
addition
5.Our city has changed beyond all 　　 　　(recognise) in the past 20 years,a completely new one in front of me.
6.She kept silent over the matter because she had no 　　 　　(intend) of being involved in it.
7.　 　　　(base) research is of great importance in all scientific fields.
8.We put up a sign at the park 　 　　　(enter) to tell people to protect the trees and flowers.
recognition
intention
Basic
entrance
9.Employees provide services to the company they work for in exchange
　　　　 pay.
10.I came 　　　　 an old friend of mine yesterday when I was hanging out.
for
across
Ⅲ.情境写作(共4题;每题2分,共8分)
1.We are all 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (盼望着) the long holiday for National Day.
2.　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　(这就是解决问题的关键) we’ve been looking for.
3.John woke up with a sore throat and tried to speak,but he
　　　　　　　　　(说话困难) and could barely make a sound.
looking forward to
Here is the key to solving the problem
frog in his throat
had a
4.He 　　　　　　　　　　　 (花费一生大部分时间) making wooden sculptures,hoping to pass down his skills to the next generation.
spent most of his life
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Artificial Intelligence (人工智能) has been around for many years.Now robots are using AI to help us learn and improve some skills in a foreign language.This is not new—some of the online language tools we turn to every day are powered by AI.
But as new technologies flood into the market,it is a great time to make use of the tech now.And according to experts,these tools are making teachers’ lives easier.One of the things that stops some of us from practising speaking in a new language is a lack of self-confidence.AI can help,because for some people,when they communicate with chatbots (聊天机器人),they don’t need to be afraid of failure or shyness.
The latest chatbots use something called natural language processing that allows them to understand human speech or writing.While chatbots are extremely useful for learners working alone,teachers can also ask an AI system to produce personalised textbooks for groups of students.AI can also provide feedback (反馈) in seconds — the days of waiting a week for work to be graded are gone.
Past online language tools and games were able to tell you when you were wrong,but they weren’t always able to explain why.Now,not only has that changed,but the explanations are detailed and immediate.But this is not to underestimate the role of the teacher,who can use the technology to help learn more about the strengths and weaknesses of their students and personalise their teaching.
So,if you want to impress your friends with your perfect speech,don’t be afraid of AI.Just think of it as a useful tool for both teachers and language learners,which will give you more time and space to enjoy learning something new!
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是人工智能在语言学习中带给人们的好处。
(　　)1.Why might someone prefer communicating with chatbots
[A] Because they can produce textbooks.
[B] Because they are more knowledgeable.
[C] Because there is no need to worry too much.
[D] Because they are more professional than humans.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知,和机器人交流不需要害怕失败和害羞,由此推出,有些人更喜欢和聊天机器人交流是因为他们不需要担心太多。故选C。
(　　)2.What can we learn about the latest chatbots from Paragraph 3
[A] It can ensure students to get high grades.
[B] It meets personalised students’ needs.
[C] It reduces the cost of education.
[D] It can make detailed lesson plans.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“While chatbots are extremely useful...personalised textbooks for groups of students.”可知,教师利用人工智能系统为学生制作个性化的教科书,由此可推测出,人工智能系统可以满足学生的个性化需求。故选B。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “underestimate” mean in Paragraph 4
[A] Undervalue.
[B] Understand.
[C] Establish.
[D] Revive.
A
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词后的“the role of the teacher...and personalise their teaching”可知,老师可以利用AI技术了解学生的优缺点,并调整个性化的教学方案,由此可推测出,虽然人工智能功能强大,但老师的角色是不能被低估的,画线词underestimate的意思是“低估”,和undervalue意思相近。故选A。
(　　)4.What does the passage mainly talk about
[A] The history of online language tools.
[B] The challenges that AI-robots bring to us.
[C] The advantages of AI in language learning.
[D] The role of teachers in the modern classroom.
C
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段中的“Now robots are using AI...we turn to every day are powered by AI.”和最后一段最后一句可知,本文主要讲述人工智能在语言学习中带给人们的好处,因此C项符合本文的主题。故选C。(共102张PPT)
　Developing ideas—Reflection
Part 2
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　 n.资料,(教学)资源
2. n.事故,灾难
3. v.提醒,使……想起
4. n.评论
5. adj.消极的,负面的
6. adj.好的,积极的
写作词汇
resource
misadventure
remind
comment
negative
positive
1.forum n.
2.rather adv.
3.frog n.
4.throat n.
5.downtown adj.
6.boot n.
阅读词汇
(因特网上的)论坛,讨论区
相当,颇
蛙,青蛙
喉咙,咽喉
在城镇中心区的,在闹市区的
靴子
7.entrance n.
8.section n.
9.exit n.
10.downstairs adv.
11.wicked adj.
12.odd adj.
13.error n.
大门(口),入口(处)
区域
出口
在楼下
缺德的,邪恶的;很棒的,极好的
奇特的,古怪的
错误,谬误
拓展词汇
1. adv.事实上,实际上→actual adj.真实的,实际的
2. v.计划,打算→ intention n.计划,打算;意图;目的
3. adj.(书写或言谈)非正式的→informally adv.非正式地→
formally adv.正式地→formal adj.正式的
actually
intend
informal
4. v.认识,辨认出→ recognition n.认出;认识;识别;承认;认可
5. v.以……为基础→ basis n.基础;准则;根据→basic adj.基本的,基础的→basically adv.基本上,大体上
6. adj.意识到的,明白的→ awareness n.意识;认识;明白;知道
recognise
base
aware
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.be different from　　　
2.play safe
3.have a frog in one’s throat
4.look for
5.spend time (in) doing sth
6.be aware of
和……不同
不冒险,求稳
(尤因喉咙痛)说话困难
寻找
花时间做某事
意识到,察觉到
重点句型
1. post specific questions, broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.(not only置于句首引起的部分倒装)
你不但能发布具体的问题,而且你还能通过阅读世界上其他英语学习者的帖子来拓宽你的知识面。
Not only can you
but you can also
2. ,to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!(here引导的完全倒装句)
以下是我们最喜欢的几篇,它们让我们意识到,有些在课堂上学到的英语和在课堂之外使用的英语真是太不一样了!
Here are some of our favourites
3.I knew and was looking forward to getting a positive comment.(省略了that的宾语从句)
我知道自己写得很好,也期待着得到老师积极的评价。
I had done a good job
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与自我——跨文化沟通。主要介绍英美语言中的俗语和习语。
2.语篇类型:论坛专题讨论。
3.课文内容分析:课文介绍了四位英语学习者在学习过程中遭遇的困惑与误解。阅读本文有利于学生加深对英语语言多样性、创造性及其丰富的文化内涵的理解,在学习中注意关注俚语及其文化内涵,培养学生的跨文化意识。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
different
floor
negative
paper
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.Why didn’t Sophie find the shoes on the first floor
[A] Because she didn’t go up to the upper floor.
[B] Because she misunderstood the lady’s words.
[C] Because the shoes were all placed on the second floor.
[D] Because there was no shoe section in the shopping centre.
B
(　　)2.Why did Zheng Xu get a bit disappointed
[A] Because his paper was rejected.
[B] Because he didn’t get a good grade.
[C] Because he didn’t meet the high standards of his teacher.
[D] Because he misunderstood his teacher’s comment.
D
(　　)3.What do the four people have in common
[A] Having the same experiences in learning English.
[B] Meeting something strange in learning English.
[C] Coming from the same English-speaking country.
[D] Finding English easy to learn but hard to understand.
B
(　　)4.What is the main idea of the passage
[A] The importance of learning English.
[B] The methods of learning English.
[C] Some funny or strange stories about using English shared on the Internet.
[D] Some stories about famous people.
C
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.remind v.提醒,使……想起
·reminder n.起提醒作用的东西;提醒者
[教材原句] Here are some of our favourites,to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
以下是我们最喜欢的几篇,它们让我们意识到,有些在课堂上学到的英语和在课堂之外使用的英语真是太不一样了!
例　(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Neighbours will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.
邻居们会给我带来新鲜制作的奶酪,还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。
remind sb (not) to do sth提醒某人(不要)做某事
例　(2023·全国甲卷)Those tomatoes had a taste that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.
那些西红柿的味道让我想起了小时候我叔叔种的西红柿。
remind sb of/about sth使某人想起某事;提醒某人某事
归纳拓展
remind sb of/about sth使某人想起某事;提醒某人某事
remind sb (not) to do sth提醒某人(不要)做某事
remind sb that...提醒某人……
常见的“动词+sb+of sth”结构:
accuse sb of sth控告某人某事
cure sb of sth治愈某人的某种疾病
convince sb of sth使某人信服某事
inform sb of sth通知某人某事
relieve sb of sth使某人摆脱/免去某物/某事的责任或负担
rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物
warn sb of sth警告某人某事
温馨提示
[语境运用]句子语法填空/完成句子
(读后续写之心理描写)The old school building reminds me 　　　　 my childhood days,full of happy memories and endless curiosity.
(话题写作之传统节日)During the Mid-Autumn Festival,my grandmother reminds us 　　　　 (gather) together and appreciate the full moon,as it symbolises family unity and harmony.
of/about
to gather
这张海报提醒我们必须立即采取措施保护濒危物种。
The poster　　　　　　　　 we must take immediate measures to protect endangered creatures.
reminds us that
语
境
串
词
The watch was passed down to me from my grandfather.It is a reminder that reminds me of the days when I lived with my grandfather.And the watch always reminds me to work hard to change my difficult situation and become an outstanding person like him.
这块手表是我祖父传给我的。它是能让我想起我与祖父一起生活的那些日子的存在。这块手表一直提醒着我要努力工作去改变我困难的处境并成为像他一样出色的人。
2.intend v.计划,打算
·intended adj.计划的,打算的;为……打算(或设计)的
·intention n.计划,打算;意图;目的
[教材原句] morally wrong and intending to hurt people
在道德上是错误的,而且目的是伤害人们
例　(应用文写作之告知信)I’m writing to tell you my plan for the summer holiday,I intend to join/joining Xiangqi Training Camp.
我写信是想告诉你我的暑假计划,我打算参加象棋训练营。
例　(读后续写之心理描写)He had intended to make an apology to his mum for his rude behaviour,but he lacked the courage to say sorry.
他本想为自己粗鲁的行为向妈妈道歉,但他缺乏说出抱歉的勇气。
had intended to do sth(=intended to have done sth)
本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
归纳拓展
·intend to do/doing sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth(=intended to have done sth)本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
·be intended for/to do...为……打算(或设计的)/旨在做……
·with the intention of... 打算……
have no intention of doing sth=have no intention to do sth无意做某事
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(应用文写作之建议信)Hearing that you intend 　　　 　 (visit) China,I am writing to give you some advice.
I called you last night with the　　 　　(intend) of inviting you to join us for dinner tonight.
This scholarship is intended 　　 　　 students who show exceptional academic performance and financial need.
visiting/to visit
intention
for
(应用文写作之道歉信)我本打算和你一起去图书馆的,但事实上那天我有一个重要的考试要参加。我无意违背我的诺言。所以请接受我诚挚的道歉。
I
　　　　　 ,but actually I had an important test to take that day. I
　　　　　　　　　　　　 break my promise. So please accept my sincere apology.
had intended to go to/intended to have gone to the library together
with you
had no intention to
语
境
串
词
My mother intends to hold a party for my father’s birthday. But she is busy with work,so she intends me to prepare for it. She requests that all the activities and gifts should be intended for my father. And we both need to keep it secret,because my father has no intention of holding a birthday party.
我母亲打算为我父亲举办一个生日聚会,但是她忙于工作,所以她打算让我准备。她要求所有的活动和礼物都要专为我父亲而设计。我们两个人都需要保密,因为我父亲无意举办生日聚会。
3.recognise v.认识,辨认出;承认;认可
·recognition n.认出;认识;识别;承认;认可
[教材原句] recognise differences between American English and British English
辨认出美式英语和英式英语之间的差异
例　It is widely recognised that climate change is a global challenge that requires the joint effort of all countries.
人们普遍认为,气候变化是一个全球性挑战,需要所有国家共同努力。
It is recognised that... 人们公认……
例　I recognise him by his distinctive voice even from a distance.
即使从远处,我也能凭借他那独特的声音认出他来。
recognise sb/sth from/by sth
由……认出……;由……辨别出……
归纳拓展
·recognise sb/sth from/by sth
由……认出……;由……辨别出……
recognise sb/sth as/to be...
承认……是……;把……看作……
·It is recognised that... 人们公认……
be recognised by 被……识别出
·beyond (all) recognition (完全)认不出来;(完全)无法辨认
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/一句多译
My hometown has changed beyond 　　　 　 (recognise) since I was last here.
Animals can recognise their children 　 　　　 smell.
他被公认为是最有前途的篮球运动员之一。
→He 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 one of the most promising basketball players.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 he is one of the most promising basketball players.
recognition
by/from
is recognised as/to be
It is recognised that
4.base v.以……为基础n.基地;基础;根据
·basis n.基础;准则;根据
·basic adj.基础的,基本的
·basically adv.基本上,大体上
[教材原句] write a story based on given pictures
根据所给图片写一个故事
例　We should base our learning of English on actual situations.
我们应该把学习英语建立在实际情况的基础上。
base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础之上
例　The new film is based on a famous novel written by a renowned author.
这部新电影根据一位知名作家所写的著名小说改编。
be based on/upon... 以……为基础/根据;建立在……的基础上
例　Basically,the success of any project depends on clear communication and effective teamwork among all members.
基本上,任何项目的成功都取决于所有成员之间的清晰沟通和有效的团队
合作。
归纳拓展
·base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础之上
be based on/upon... 以……为基础/根据;建立在……的基
础上
·on the basis of... 在……的基础上;出于……的原因
on a regular basis 例行地;有规律地
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
　　　　(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.
　　　　 (base),the key to success is continuous effort and perseverance.
On the 　　　　 (base) of the latest scientific research,we have developed a new method for treating the disease.
我们定期举办团队建设活动,以增强我们的凝聚力。
We hold team-building activities 　　　　　　　　　　 to enhance our cohesion.
Basing
Basically
basis
on a regular basis
语
境
串
词
When developing new products,we launch each product based on market research and consumer needs.On the basis of this strategy,we can basically predict which products will be popular.
在开发新产品时,我们以市场调研和消费者需求为基础来推出每一款产品。基于这一策略,我们基本上能够预测哪些产品将获得大众欢迎。
5.aware adj.意识到的,明白的
·awareness n.意识;认识;明白;知道
[教材原句] be aware of cultural differences
意识到文化差异
例　(话题写作之环境保护)We should be aware of the importance of protecting the environment.
我们应该意识到保护环境的重要性。
be/become aware of 意识到;察觉到
例　(应用文写作之通知)As scheduled,an activity will be organised to raise public awareness of protecting natural resources.
将如期组织一场活动来提高公众保护自然资源的意识。
raise one’s awareness of 增强某人……的意识
归纳拓展
·be/become aware of 意识到;察觉到
be aware that 意识到;知道
·raise one’s awareness of 增强某人……的意识
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)The programme aims to help students develop science skills,environmental 　　　 　(aware),and healthy lifestyles.
More and more people become aware　　　 the importance of voluntary activities.
(读后续写之主旨升华)As a member of society,I　　　　　　　　　 (意识到) being responsible is very important to build a better society.
awareness
of
am aware that
语
境
串
词
In order to raise people’s awareness of protecting the environment,we must make people around us aware of the importance of it first.
为了增强人们的保护环境的意识,我们必须首先让我们周围的人意识到它的重要性。
重点句式
here 引导的完全倒装句
▲
[教材原句] Here are some of our favourites,to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
以下是我们最喜欢的几篇,它们让我们意识到,有些在课堂上学到的英语和在课堂之外使用的英语真是太不一样了!
例　Here are three suggestions on how to learn English well.
以下是三条关于如何学好英语的建议。
例　In the yard sits my grandmother,bathed in moonlight,telling us the story about the origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
奶奶坐在院子里,沐浴着月光,给我们讲中秋节起源的故事。
归纳拓展
完全倒装是把整个谓语放到主语之前。完全倒装句的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能进行完全倒装。常使用完全倒装的情况:
(1)以副词here、there、out、in、up、down、away、then、now等开头,后面的动词是be、come、exist、fall、follow、go、lie、remain、seem、stand等(表示移动或动态的不及物动词)时,句子要用完全倒装。
归纳拓展
(2)there引导完全倒装句。除了最常见的there be 句型,there 还可以接appear、exist、lie、remain、seem to be、stand 等,一般都表示“有”的含义。
(3)表示方位的状语位于句首,谓语动词是不及物动词lie、stand、sit、exist 等或是系动词be,且主语是名词时,要用完全倒装。
(4)代词such置于句首,且在句中作表语时,句子要用完全倒装。
(5)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时,句子也构成完全倒装,即“形容词/分词短语+系动词+主语”结构。
[语境运用] 完成句子
我们期待的时刻终于到来了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 we had been looking forward to.
(读后续写之环境描写) 桌子下面有几本旧书,它们已经在那里放置多年。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 several old books that have been there for years.
(读后续写之动作描写) 窗边坐着一位老人,他手里拿着一本杂志。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 with a magazine in his hand.
Then came the hour
Under the table were
By the window sits an old man
not only 置于句首引起的部分倒装
▲
[教材原句] Not only can you post specific questions,but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.
你不但能发布具体的问题,而且你还能通过阅读世界上其他英语学习者的帖子来拓宽你的知识面。
例　Not only does the sun give us light,but (also) it gives us heat.
太阳不仅给我们提供光,而且给我们提供热量。
例　(应用文写作之倡议书)Not only should we reduce our carbon footprint by using public transportation and recycling,but we also need to advocate for sustainable lifestyles among our communities.
我们不仅应该通过使用公共交通和回收等方式来减少我们的碳足迹,而且还需要在我们的社区中倡导可持续的生活方式。
归纳拓展
句子采用部分倒装的几种情况:
(1)“not only...but (also)...”连接并列的句子且not only位于句首时,not only所在的分句要部分倒装,但but (also)所在的分句不倒装。
(2)never、no、seldom、barely、hardly、scarcely、rarely、little、nowhere、by no means、in no way、at no time等表示否定意义的副词或介词短语置于句首时。
归纳拓展
(3)句子中含有“no sooner...than...”“hardly...when”或“scarcely...when”的主从复合句中,no sooner、hardly或scarcely 位于句首时,所在的主句倒装,than/when从句不倒装。
[语境运用] 完成句子
(话题写作之活动介绍)通过这次活动,我们不仅玩得开心,还意识到了劳动的重要性。
Through this activity,not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　,but we also became aware of the significance of labour.
did we have fun
(读后续写之动作描写)我们刚一安全到达目的地,就向旅途中帮助过我们的那位好心的陌生人表达了衷心的感激之情。
　　　　　　　　 we safely arrived at our destination than we expressed our heartfelt gratitude to the kind stranger who had helped us during the journey.
No sooner had
(应用文写作之倡议书)我们既没有对濒危动物视而不见,也没有停止采取行动来保护它们的栖息地。
　　　　　　　　 turned a blind eye to the endangered animals,nor have we stopped taking action to preserve their habitats.
Neither have we
长难句分析
[教材原句] When I was looking for the exit, I saw that shoes were actually sold downstairs on the ground floor,not the first floor.
尝试分析:本句是主从复合句。 是when引导的时间状语从句, 是主句,
是that引导的宾语从句。
自主翻译:就在我找出口的时候,我发现鞋区在一楼,不在二楼。
[语境运用] 完成句子
当我在思考这道数学难题时,我意识到我的老师已经在早些时候解释过了。
When the difficult maths problem,I realised
.
I was thinking about
that my teacher had explained it earlier
写作微专题2
Writing a story about a misunderstanding in English
文本解读
1.文体类型:看图编故事,属于记叙文范畴,常用于对人物经历和事件发展的叙述描写。
2.要点内容:一个交换生在一个英国家庭中生活,第一次吃toad-in-the-hole的有趣经历。
[思路指引]
实用表达
1.短篇故事首段常用句式。
There was an interesting experience/story happening in...,which I still remember now.
It was a beautiful day and the sun was shining.
Up to now,I still remember one interesting/terrible/embarrassing thing which happened years ago.
2.短篇故事中段常用句式。
To begin with,he told us that it was important/ interesting to do...
Seeing us puzzled,he gave us a further explanation about...
When we realised that we had understood/ misunderstood...,we couldn’t help...
3.短篇故事尾段常用句式。
It turns out that...
Since then I have worked hard at...
I secretly swore that I would...
佳作建构
假设你是振兴中学的学生李华,你的英国交换生同学乔纳森学汉语很长时间了,但是仍然对中国小吃的名字有疑惑。今天你要带他去吃驴打滚儿,他吓坏了,但当他品尝之后,结局却出人意料。请用一则故事叙述今天发生的事。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
参考词语:驴打滚儿(Lǘdagunr)。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 n.类型,种类
2.　　　　　　　　 adj.独一无二的,独特的
3.　　　　　　　　 adj.奇特的,古怪的
4.　　　　　　　　 v.显示,反映
5.　　　　 　　 　　 做某事有困难
6.　　　　 　　　　 花时间做某事
7.　　　　　　　　 想起
type
unique
odd
reflect
have trouble (in) doing sth
spend time (in) doing sth
think of
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.我的朋友乔纳森是一名居住在中国的英国交换生。
My friend Jonathan is 　　　　　　　 　　　　 living in China.
2.他学习汉语很长时间了,但他对理解中国小吃有点困难。
He has been learning Chinese for a long time,but he
　　　　　　　　　 Chinese snacks.
a British exchange student
has a little trouble
understanding
3.他喜欢吃各种面食,比如饺子。
He likes to eat　　　　　　　　 wheat food,such as dumplings.
4.然而,他害怕某些独特又奇怪的中国小吃的名字。
However,he is afraid of some　　　　　　 　　　　　　 of Chinese snacks.
5.今天,我让他品尝了驴打滚儿,这真的把他吓了一跳。
Today,I 　　　　　　　 　　 Lǘdagunr,which really scared him.
all types of
unique and odd names
asked him to taste
6.他告诉我这些中国小吃的名字让他想起一些不好的东西。
He told me these names of Chinese snacks let him 　　　　　　　　　 .
7.我花了很长时间才说服他尝一尝。
I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 him to have a try.
8.说实话,我喜欢这些中国小吃的名字,因为它们反映了中国人的智慧。
To be honest,I like these names of Chinese snacks because they
　　　　　　　　 　　 Chinese people.
think of something bad
spent a long time persuading
reflect the wisdom of
亮点提升
1.将第6句使用使役结构get sb doing sth进行改写升级。
He told me these names of Chinese snacks got him thinking of something bad.
2.将第8句使用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
To be honest,I like these names of Chinese snacks, which reflect the wisdom of Chinese people.
范文展示
My friend Jonathan is a British exchange student living in China.He has been learning Chinese for a long time,but he has a little trouble understanding Chinese snacks.
He likes to eat all types of wheat food,such as dumplings. However,he is afraid of some unique and odd names of Chinese snacks. Today,I asked him to taste Lǘdagunr,which really scared him. He told me these names of Chinese snacks got him thinking of something bad. I spent a long time persuading him to have a try.
To be honest,I like these names of Chinese snacks,which reflect the wisdom of Chinese people.
写作练习
假设你是李华,正在外国做交换生。虽然你已经掌握了基本的英语知识,但在日常交流中有时候会误解他人的意思。上周你的朋友Mike对你说Pull up your socks,你就误解了朋友的意思。请用一则故事叙述这次误解。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
写作指导
One possible version:
Last week, as I was chatting with my friend Mike, I mentioned the recent study pressure and some plans for the future. Mike said to me seriously,“Li Hua, pull up your socks!”
Since I was unfamiliar with this phrase, I froze, and even glanced down at my socks to make sure they were properly worn. Seeing this, Mike burst into laughter and patted my shoulder, explaining,“‘Pull up your socks’ means encouraging someone to cheer up.” Upon hearing this explanation, I suddenly realised that I had made a little joke of myself.
This experience made me learn English more actively. I also participated in some school’s activities to communicate with more local students and continuously improve my oral English.
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后续写 微技能之 “点” 情感描写 homesick adj.想家的 confusing adj.令人困惑的 wonder at对……好奇
动作描写 reflect v.显示,反映 contact v.联系,联络 remind v.提醒,使……想起 intend v.计划,打算 recognise v.认识,辨认出 be aware of意识到,察觉到 come across偶然发现 play safe求稳,不冒险
人物描写 odd adj.奇特的,古怪的 unique adj.独一无二的,独特的creative adj.创造性的 unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的,不了解的wicked adj.缺德的,邪恶的;很棒的,极好的 nice adj.很好的 carsick adj.晕车的
读后续写 微技能 之“线” This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn. (心理描写)
People say that the British always play safe with what they eat.
(动作描写)
He had told me that his grandfather was “really wicked”.(人物描写)
I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to getting a positive comment. (动作和情感描写)
读后续写 微技能 之“面”
读后续写——种果树
在一个寒冷的冬日早晨,我踏上了前往陌生村庄的旅程,心中交织着兴奋与晕车的不适感。蜿蜒曲折的道路和频繁的转弯让导航变得令人困惑,但我提醒自己要保持冷静,谨慎行事。当我遇到一个复杂的岔路口时,这让我不禁思考该走哪个方向,我意识到我们人类是多么有创造力。最终,我按计划到达了目的地,期待着指导村民们种植那棵独特的果树。
On a cold winter morning,I set off on the journey to the
1.　　 　　 village,with a mix of excitement and carsickness in my heart.The winding road and constant turns made the
navigation 2.　 　　　,but I 3.　　　 　 myself to stay calm and 4.　　　　　. While I 5.　　　　　　 a complex fork that left me wondering which direction to go,I 6.　　 　　　　 how creative we human beings can be. Finally,I reached the destination as intended and was 7.　　　　　　 　　 guiding the villagers to grow the 8.　　　　 fruit tree.
unfamiliar
confusing
reminded
play safe
came across
was aware of
looking forward to
unique
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.sculpt v.雕刻,雕塑→ n.雕像,雕刻品,雕塑作品→ n.雕塑家
2.opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的,相对立的→ v.反对;抵制→
adj.相反的;对面的 n.对立的人(或物);对立面;反面
3.confusing adj.令人困惑的→ v.使迷惑;使糊涂;混淆→
adj.困惑的;糊涂的→ n.困惑;混淆
sculpture
sculptor
oppose
opposite
confuse
confused
confusion
4.reflect v.显示,反映→ n.影像;反映;反射→ adj.深思的,反光的
5.creativity n.创造性,创造力→ adj.创造(性)的→ v.创造→
n.创造者
6.addition n.增加物,添加物→ v.增加,加→ adj.附加的;额外的
7.actually adv.事实上,实际上→ adj.真实的,实际的
8.intend v.计划,打算→ n.计划,打算;意图;目的
reflection
reflective
creative
create
creator
add
additional
actual
intention
9.recognise v.认识,辨认出→ n.认出;认识;识别;承认;认可
10.base v.以……为基础→ n.基础;准则;根据→ adj.基本的,基础的→ adv.基本上,大体上
recognition
basis
basic
basically
Ⅱ.重点词块
1. 　 做某事有麻烦
2. 既不……也不……
3. 使某人一直做某事
4. 谈到,说到
5. 对……感到吃惊
have trouble (in) doing sth
neither...nor...
get sb doing sth
speaking of
wonder at
6. 给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束
7. 偶然发现
8. 由……构成,由……组成
9. 不冒险,求稳
10. (尤因喉咙痛)说话 困难
11. 意识到,察觉到
wind up
come across
be made up of
play safe
have a frog in one’s throat
be aware of
Ⅲ.重点句型
1. not...until...
I , (直到……才……)one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.
句式仿写
I (直到……我才意识到我是多么想念我的家人)I arrived at the airport and saw them waiting for me.
hadn’t
until
had not realised how much I missed my family until
2.neither...nor...
is there pine (既没……也没……) apple in pineapple.
句式仿写
She seemed (既不惊讶也不担心).
Neither
nor
neither surprised nor worried
3.That is why...
(那就是为什么……) when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.
句式仿写
I will attend an important meeting,and
(那就是我不能和你一起去书店的原因).
That is why
that is why I can’t go to the
bookstore with you
4.here引导的完全倒装句
(以下是我们最喜欢的几篇),to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!
句式仿写
(孩子们跑了出来),singing,laughing and chasing each other.
Here are some of our favourites
Out rushed the kids
5.not only置于句首引起的部分倒装
(你不但能发布具体的问题),but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world.
句式仿写
(公共交通不仅减轻了交通堵塞),but also it significantly lowers carbon emissions.
Not only can you post specific questions
Not only does public transportation reduce traffic jams(共135张PPT)
Unit 2　
Exploring English
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
It’s widely recognised that having a good command of English is quite useful in life.Here are some suggestions about learning English.First,consult the dictionary when coming across new words and remind yourself to reflect on your errors when in trouble.Additionally,exchanging your ideas with others,as everyone can get confused sometimes.Last,if you intend to learn it well,you’d better keep in mind the famous saying,“Where there is a will,there is a way.” So hang on your learning!
人们普遍认为精通英语在生活中是很有用的。这里有一些关于学习英语的建议。首先,遇到新单词时查字典,遇到困难时提醒自己反思自己的错误。此外,与他人交流你的想法,因为每个人都有困惑的时候。最后,如果你打算学好它,你最好记住那句名言:“有志者,事竟成。”所以坚持你的学习!
Starting out—Using language
Part 1
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　　　　 n.题目,标题
2. adj.独一无二的,独特的
3. n.警报器;闹钟
4. n.类型,种类
5. v.联系,联络
6. adj.可能的,可能发生的
写作词汇
title
unique
alarm
type
contact
likely
1.pine n.
2.pineapple n.
3.ham n.
4.eggplant n.
5.seasick adj.
6.airsick adj.
阅读词汇
松树
菠萝
火腿
茄子
晕船的
晕机的
7.carsick adj.
8.homesick adj.
9.capitalized adj.
10.subway n.
11.highway n.
12.motorway n.
晕车的
想家的
大写的
地铁
公路
高速公路
13.gas n.
14.petrol n.
15.apartment n.
16.flat n.
17.elevator n.
18.context n.
汽油
汽油
一套住房,公寓套房
一套住房,公寓套房
电梯,升降机
上下文,语境
拓展词汇
1. v.雕刻,雕塑→sculpture n.雕像,雕刻品,雕塑作品→sculptor n.雕塑家
2. adj.(观点、意见等)相反的,相对立的→oppose v.反对;抵制→
opposite adj.相反的;对面的 n.对立的人(或物);对立面;反面
3. n.举止,行为→behave v.表现;表现得体;有礼貌
4. adj.令人困惑的→confuse v.使迷惑;使糊涂;混淆→
confused adj.困惑的;糊涂的→confusion n.困惑;混淆
sculpt
opposing
behavior
confusing
5. v.显示,反映→reflection n.影像;反映;反射→reflective adj.深思的,反光的
6. n.创造性,创造力→creative adj.创造(性)的→create v.创造→
creator n.创造者→creation n.创造,创建;作品,创作
7. adj.看得见的,可见的→invisible adj.看不见的
8. adj.不熟悉的,不了解的→familiar adj.熟悉的
reflect
creativity
visible
unfamiliar
9. n.组织,团体,机构→organize v.组织,安排→organized adj.系统的;有组织的→organizer n.组织者
10. n.增加物,添加物→add v.增加,加→additional adj.附加的;额外的
organization
addition
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.the number of...　　　
2.have trouble (in) doing sth
3.neither...nor...
4.get sb doing sth
5.speaking of
6.look out of
……的数量
做某事有麻烦
既不……也不……
使某人一直做某事
谈到,说到
向外看,朝外看
7.wonder at
8.burn up
9.burn down
10.fill in/out
11.wind up
对……感到吃惊
烧毁,烧尽
烧毁
填充;填写
给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束
12.come across
13.be made up of
14.be short for
偶然发现
由……构成,由……组成
是……的简称;是……的缩写
重点句型
1.I , one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.(not...until...)
我以前从未想过这个问题,直到有一天,我5岁的儿子问我hamburger(汉堡包)里面有没有ham(火腿)。
2. is there pine apple in pineapple.(neither...nor...)
而pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树),也没有apple(苹果)。
hadn’t
until
Neither
nor
3. when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.(That is why...)
那就是为什么stars are out(星星出来了)的时候我们能看到星星,而lights are out(灯灭了)的时候我们却看不到灯光。
That is why
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与自我——英语语言的多样性和创造性。
2.语篇类型:小品文。
3.课文内容分析:本文以幽默、风趣的笔触列举并评价了英语中让学习者迷惑不解的“疯狂”现象,从而反映了英语的趣味性、多样性、创造性和吸引力。阅读本文有利于引导学生深入思考英语的特点,感受英语语言的幽默、“疯狂”和创意,激发学生对英语学习的兴趣。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
hamburger
take
homesick
opposing
reflects
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What’s the purpose of the first paragraph
[A] To introduce English is interesting and creative.
[B] To tell us English is difficult to learn.
[C] To direct our attention to the word formation.
[D] To lead to the topic of discussion.
D
(　　)2.What’s the purpose of all the examples given in the passage
[A] To reflect the creativity of the human race.
[B] To prove the difficulty of learning English.
[C] To explain how to learn English.
[D] To introduce the history of English.
A
(　　)3.How does the author develop the passage
[A] By providing examples.
[B] By making comparisons.
[C] By following the way of spelling.
[D] By following the order of importance.
A
(　　)4.What do we know from the last paragraph
[A] Words always have the same meanings.
[B] Words can’t always describe what we feel.
[C] Words sometimes confuse us.
[D] Words can mean differently in different situations.
D
二次开发·深研课文
▲
Have you ever asked 1.　　 　　 (you) why people often have trouble 2.　　　 　 (learn) English I hadn’t,until one day my five-year-old son asked me 3.　　　　 there was ham in a hamburger.This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language 4.　　　　 (learn).
yourself
learning
whether
to learn
Even the smallest words can be 5.　　　 　 (confuse).You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in 6.　　　　 a house can burn up as it burns down,and in which an alarm is only 7.　　　　 (hear) once it goes off!
confusing
which
heard
English 8.　　　 　 (invent) by people,not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race.That is why when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the 9.　　　　 (light) are out,they are invisible.And that is why when I wind up my watch,it starts,10.　　　　 when I wind up this passage,it ends.
was invented
lights
but
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的,相对立的
·oppose v.反对;抵制
·opposed adj.反对的;对立的
·opposition n.(强烈的)反对,反抗
·opposite adj.相反的;对面的
n.对立的人(或物);对立面;反面
[教材原句] If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”,why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair
如果说hard(硬)是soft(软)的反义词,为什么hardly(几乎不)和softly(柔和地)却不是一对反义词呢
例　Some people have the opposing view that online learning allows us to learn at any time wherever we are.
一些人持相反的观点,他们认为在线学习可以让我们随时随地学习。
例　The majority of the committee members were opposed to the proposed budget increase.
委员会的大多数成员反对提出的预算增加方案。
be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
归纳拓展
·oppose ...to/against...将……与……对照/对抗
oppose (sb) doing sth反对(某人)做某事
be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
·in opposition to sb/sth反对某人/某事物
·be opposite to与……相反;在……对面
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
My best friend sits directly 　　　　 (oppose) to me in the classroom,so we can easily pass notes and help each other with our assignments during class.
Though they two are good friends,they hold 　　 　　 (oppose) opinions.
opposite
opposing
我们班上许多学生反对在假期期间举行期末考试,因为他们想和家人共度时光并放松一下。
Many students in our class
　　　　　　 during the holiday because they want to spend time with their families and relax.
are opposed to/are in opposition to having a
final exam
2.harmful adj.有害的
·harmless adj.无害的,不致伤的
·harm n.& v.伤害;损害
[教材原句] If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same
如果说harmless actions(无害行为)和harmful actions(有害行为)意思相反,为什么shameless behaviors(无耻行为)和shameful behaviors(可耻行为)反而是一回事
例　Staying up late to study for exams can be harmful to a student’s health and overall performance in school.
熬夜复习考试会对学生的健康和在校的整体表现造成损害。
be harmful to对……有害
例　The scientist has created a new substance that is completely harmless.
科学家创造了一种完全无害的新物质。
归纳拓展
·do harm to sb/sth对某人/某事物有害
·There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth.(某人)做某事没有坏处。
It does no harm (for sb) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事无坏处。
·be harmful to对……有害
[语境运用]句子语法填空/完成句子
The little creature in the garden is 　　　　 (harm) and won’t hurt anyone.
吃太多垃圾食品会对你的身体有害,并可能导致体重增加。
Eating too much junk food can 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and may lead to weight gain.
harmless
be harmful to/do harm to your body
3.confusing adj.令人困惑的
·confused adj.困惑的;糊涂的
·confuse v.使迷惑;使糊涂;混淆
·confusion n.困惑;混淆
[教材原句] Even the smallest words can be confusing.
就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。
例　(应用文写作之求助信)The maths problem in the homework assignment was really confusing,and I had to ask my teacher for help to understand it.
家庭作业里的那道数学题真的很难懂,我不得不向老师求助来理解它。
例　(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) I thought my pronunciation was the problem,so I explained again more slowly,but he still looked confused.
我以为是我的发音有问题,所以我又更缓慢地解释了一遍,但他看起来还是一脸困惑。
例　It is important to explain this problem again, or we will confuse the students.
再解释一遍这个问题很重要,否则我们会让学生感到困惑。
归纳拓展
·confuse A and/with B把A和B混淆
·be confused about对……感到困惑
·in confusion困惑地;在混乱中
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子/语段填空
I’m really confused 　　　 the instructions for this lab experiment.They don’t make sense to me.
Sometimes many students confuse the words“weather”
“whether”.
(读后续写之心理描写)After hearing the unexpected news,she stood there
　　　　　　　　　　 (困惑地),not knowing how to react.
about
with/and
in confusion
(读后续写之场景描写) 面对突如其来的数学考试,题目中的复杂概念让我感到困惑。尽管我尝试整理思路,信息仍然显得令人费解。考场里紧张的气氛让我一度陷入了深深的迷惑之中。
Facing the sudden maths exam,the complex concepts in the questions left me feeling 　　 　　.Despite my attempts to sort out my thoughts,the information still appeared 　　 　　.The tense atmosphere in the exam room caused me to get into a deep state of 　　 　　 for a moment.
confused
confusing
confusion
语
境
串
词
The confusing problem confuses me very much and I am so confused about it that I feel anxious,so I wonder if you can offer me some hints to solve the confusion.
这个令人困惑的问题使我非常困惑,我对它如此困惑以至于我感到焦虑,所以我想知道你是否可以给我一些提示来消除困惑。
4.burn up 烧毁,烧尽;(通过锻炼)消耗(热量)
[教材原句] You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down...
英语这门语言独有的疯狂也令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里,房子烧成灰烬的时候,可以说burn up(字面意思为“烧上去”),也可以说burn down(字面意思为“烧下去”)……
例　The old house on the corner of the street burned up completely in the fire last night.
昨晚街角的一座老房子在火灾中被完全烧毁。
例　Which burns up more calories—swimming or cycling
游泳和骑自行车,哪种(运动)消耗卡路里更多
归纳拓展
·burn v.燃烧;烧毁;烧伤;晒伤n.烧伤;烫伤;灼伤
burn down (火势)减弱;(使)烧毁;焚毁
burn out烧坏;烧尽;燃尽
burn to the ground 全部烧毁
·burning adj.燃烧的;炽热的;急切的
burnt adj.烧坏的;烧伤的;烫伤的
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Aerobic exercise gets the heart pumping and helps you to burn
　　　　 more fat.
The entire village was unfortunately burned 　　　　 the ground in a devastating wildfire that swept through the area.
When he returned to the room,he found the candle had
(燃尽).
up
to
burnt out
5.reflect v.显示,反映;思考
·reflection n.影像;反映;反射
·reflective adj.深思的;反光的
[教材原句] English was invented by people,not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race.
英语是人创造的,不是计算机发明的,它反映了人类的创造力。
例　The boy reflected on why the ground could reflect sunlight and water could reflect the mountains.
这个男孩认真思考了为什么地面能反射阳光,水能映出群山。
reflect on/upon认真思考;反省
例　(2023·全国乙卷)The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling.
英国人对食物的痴迷反映在电视节目安排上。
归纳拓展
·reflect sb/sth (in sth) (在……里)映出……
reflect on/upon认真思考;反省
·on/upon reflection经再三考虑
be a reflection of...是……的反映
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
On dark nights children should wear 　　 　　(reflect) clothing.
At first I thought it was a bad idea,but 　　　　　 　　　 (经再三考虑) I realised she was right.
We had better 　　　　　　　　　(认真思考) our past mistakes to learn from them and avoid repeating them in the future.
reflective
on/upon reflection
reflect on/upon
语
境
串
词
The light was reflected from the water into my eyes.White clouds were reflected in the lake.Sitting by the lake,I was reflecting on what my father had said.On reflection,I decided to accept his suggestions.
光线从水面反射进我的双眼。湖面上倒映着朵朵白云。我坐在湖边,思考着父亲说的话。反复思量后,我决定接受他的建议。
6.wind up 给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束
[教材原句] And that is why when I wind up my watch,it starts,but when I wind up this passage,it ends.
那也是当我wind up my watch(给手表上紧发条)以后表针开始走,而我wind up this passage(将本文收尾)后这篇文章结束的原因。
例　Wind up your watch in case it stops.
给你的表上弦,以防它停了。
例　(读后续写之动作描写)After a long day of sightseeing,we wound up stopping at a cosy little café,enjoying hot chocolate and dessert.
经过一整天的观光游览后,我们最终来到了一家温馨的小咖啡馆,享用着热巧克力和甜点。
归纳拓展
·wind v.蜿蜒;迂回;缠绕n.风
wind one’s way蜿蜒前行
wind up doing sth以做某事结尾;最终做某事
·winding adj.蜿蜒的;曲折的
·windy adj.有风的,多风的
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
It was so 　　 　(wind) that I had to hold onto my hat all the way along the street in case it was blown away.
(读后续写之环境描写)We took a leisurely stroll along the 　　 　(wind) riverbank,enjoying the peaceful scenery and the sound of flowing water.
windy
winding
(应用文写作之推荐信) 我认为长城是你最好的选择,它从东向西蜿蜒超
两万千米。
I think the Great Wall is your best choice,which 　　　　　　　　 from east to west for more than 20,000 kilometres.
winds its way
重点句式
not...until...直到……才……
▲
[教材原句] I hadn’t,until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.
我以前从未想过这个问题,直到有一天,我5岁的儿子问我hamburger(汉堡包)里面有没有ham(火腿)。
例　(读后续写之心理描写)I didn’t realise how much I missed my family until I was thousands of kilometres away from home,studying abroad.
直到我在离家数千米远的地方留学时,才意识到自己是多么想念家人。
例　(读后续写之主旨升华)Not until I saw the breathtaking view from the mountaintop did I fully understand the importance of perseverance and determination.
直到我登上山顶,看到令人叹为观止的景色,我才完全理解了坚持和决心的重要性。
归纳拓展
until引导时间状语从句时,如果主句的谓语动词是延续性的,那么主句用肯定形式;如果主句的谓语动词是非延续性的,那么主句常用否定形式,构成“not...until...”结构。
在“not...until...”句型结构中,可以把not until提到句首,句子用倒装语序。
在强调句式结构中,对until部分进行强调时,往往将not与until部分放在一起。
[语境运用] 完成句子/句型转换
I didn’t realise how practical my parents’ advice was
　　　　　　　　 (直到我上中学).
Not until all lights were turned off 　　　　　　　　　　　 (我才关门) and go home.
until I entered
middle school
did I close the door
People didn’t get to know how serious the damage was until the disaster was revealed on the news.
→
(强调句)
It was not until the disaster was revealed on the news that people got to know how serious the damage was.
neither...nor...既不……也不……
▲
[教材原句]Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
而pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树),也没有apple(苹果)。
例　(2022·全国甲卷)The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.
这个分歧太尖锐了,以至于他和我都不知道怎样去解决。
例　(应用文写作之报道)Neither the heavy rain nor the high winds stopped the runners from participating in the marathon.
无论是大雨还是狂风,都没有阻止运动员们参加马拉松比赛。
例　We neither want to go to the park nor the beach.
我们既不想去公园,也不想去海滩。
归纳拓展
(1)“neither...nor...”连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数应和邻近的主语一致,遵循“就近一致”原则。
(2)neither位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装,即将系动词、助动词或情态动词提至主语前。
(3)表示“一个人没有做某事,另一个人也没做同一类事”时,可用neither或nor引导的部分倒装句进行简略回答,其结构为“Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”。
用法类似的还有“either...or...”“not only...but also...”“not...but...”“...or...”
“there be句型”等。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 完成句子
他们昨天没有出去打羽毛球。我们也没有去。
They didn’t go out to play badminton yesterday.　　　　　　　　　　.
在我过去的岁月里,我从未见过如此令人叹为观止的日落。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 such a breathtaking sunset in my past years.
Neither/Nor did we
Never have I seen
(读后续写之心理描写)在公路旅行中,我和我的朋友杰克都不敢相信时间过得如此之快;当我们已经到达目的地时,感觉就像我们才刚刚开始驾车
一样。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 could believe how quickly time flew by during our road trip;it felt like we had just started driving when we already arrived at our destination.
Neither I nor my friend Jack
That is why...那就是为什么……;那就是……的原因。
▲
[教材原句]That is why when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.
那就是为什么stars are out(星星出来了)的时候我们能看到星星,而lights are out(灯灭了)的时候我们却看不到灯光。
例　(2024·全国甲卷)That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which they don’t usually like.
那就是为什么大多数宠物猫能够立刻分辨出它们的主人是否接触过其他猫,而它们通常并不喜欢这样。
例　That is why I decided to quit my job and pursue a different career path.
那就是我决定辞职,追求不同职业道路的原因。
归纳拓展
This/That is/was why...这/那就是为什么……(why引导表语从句,表示结果。)
This/That is/was because...这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句,表示原因。)
The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句,并在定语从句中作状语,that引导表语从句,表示原因。)
[语境运用] 完成句子/句型转换
He failed in the interview.　　　 　　　　(那是因为) he was too nervous.
It rained heavily.　　　　　　　　　　(那就是为什么) they put off the match.
That was because
That was why
He didn’t succeed.He lacked confidence.
→He didn’t succeed.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→He lacked confidence.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 he lacked confidence.
That was because he lacked confidence
That was why he didn’t succeed
The reason why he didn’t succeed was that
长难句分析
[教材原句] That is why when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out, they are invisible.
尝试分析:本句为复合句。 是由why引导的表语从句。 、 是由but连接的两个由when引导的时间状语从句。
自主翻译:那就是为什么stars are out(星星出来了)的时候我们能看到星星,而lights are out(灯灭了)的时候我们却看不到灯光。
[语境运用] 情境写作
那就是为什么当我看到项目截止日期临近时,我开始恐慌,但当我意识到我已经完成了大部分任务时,我冷静下来,集中精力完成了剩下的工作。
,I started to panic,but I had already completed most of the tasks,I calmed down and focused on finishing the remaining work.
That was why when I saw the project deadline approaching
when I realised
语法微专题2　
构词法
语法原句再现
Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
For example,in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting...
And speaking of home,why aren’t homework and housework the same thing
仔细观察上面加粗的词,可以发现pineapple、homework、housework均由两个单词组合而成,这样的词叫合成词。此外,还有其他构词法,如派生、转化和缩略等。
语法知识点拨
按照一定的语言规律创造新词的方法叫作构词法。英语构词法主要有合成法(Compounding)、派生法(Derivation)、转化法(Conversion)、缩略法(Abbreviation)等。
一、合成法
由两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合成一个新词,这种构词法称为合成法。常见的合成法包括合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词、合成副词、合成介词、合成代词等。词与词之间有的用连字符连接,有的直接连接在一起。
1.合成名词。
(1)名词+名词。
sportsman运动员;lifeboat 救生船;bookmark 书签;wheelchair 轮椅
(2)名词+动词-ing。
sightseeing观光;handwriting 书法
(3)动词+名词。
typewriter打字机;workshop 研讨会,车间
(4)形容词+名词。
gentleman绅士;greenhouse 温室
(5)名词+动词+-er。
storyteller讲故事的人;lawmaker立法者
(6)介词+名词。
by-product 副产品;
underground 地铁
(7)副词+动词。
income收入;output 产量,输出
(8)动词+副词。
closedown停业;checkup 检查;get-together 聚会
2.合成形容词。
(1)名词+形容词。
lifelong终身的,毕生的;snow-white 雪白的
(2)名词+动词-ing。
English-speaking讲英语的;peace-loving 爱好和平的;heartbreaking 令人心碎的
(3)名词+过去分词。
fun-filled充满乐趣的;man-made 人造的;
heartbroken 悲伤的;snow-covered 被雪覆盖的
(4)形容词+动词-ing。
good-looking相貌好看的;easy-going 性格随和的
(5)形容词+名词-ed。
warm-hearted热心的;white-coloured 白色的
(6)形容词+过去分词。
new-born新出生的
(7)副词+过去分词。
well-educated受过良好教育的;well-known 著名的;well-written 写得好的
(8)副词+动词-ing。
hard-working勤劳的
(9)数词+名词+形容词。
three-year-old三岁的;two-foot-deep 两英尺深的
3.合成副词。
(1)形容词+名词。
hotfoot匆忙地;anyway 无论如何
(2)形容词+副词。
everywhere到处;somehow 以某种方式
(3)副词+副词。
however无论如何;whole-heartedly 全心全意地
(4)介词+副词。
forever永远
4.合成代词。
(1)代词宾格+self。
herself她自己;himself 他自己
(2)物主代词+self。
myself我自己;yourself你自己
(3)形容词+名词。
anything任何东西;everything 一切事物
5.合成动词。
(1)形容词+动词。
whitewash 粉刷(墙壁等)
(2)副词+动词。
overcome 战胜;overthrow 推翻
(3)名词+动词。
sleepwalk 梦游
6.合成介词。
(1)副词+名词。
inside 在……里;outside 在……外
(2)介词+副词。
throughout 遍及;within 在……之内
(3)副词+介词。
into 到……里面;upon 在……之上
合成形容词一般要有连字符,其中的名词部分不用复数形式。
a 200-page report 一份200页的报告
an 800-metre-long bridge 一座800米长的桥
温馨提示
[语境运用] 完成句子
She is a 　　　　 (受过良好教育的) professional with a master’s degree in economics.
She met 　　　　　　　 　　　 (一个热心肠的人) when asking for directions yesterday.
well-educated
a warm-hearted person
(1)由“可数名词+介词(短语)”构成的复合名词变复数时,要把前面的名词变成复数。
father-in-law→fathers-in-law
passer-by→passers-by
looker-on→lookers-on
温馨提示
(2)与man或woman构成的合成名词变复数时,两个名词都要变成复数。
a woman teacher→women teachers
a man doctor→men doctors
(3)由“名词+名词”构成的复合名词变复数时,只改变中心名词,而修饰名词
不变。
a girlfriend→girlfriends
a babysitter→babysitters
温馨提示
二、派生法
派生法即在词根之前添加前缀或在词根之后添加后缀构成一个与原来的单词意思相近或截然相反的单词。除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意思,而不改变词性;后缀一般改变单词的词性,而不引起词义的变化。
1.前缀。
(1)表示否定意义的前缀。
un-不,非　unable不能够的
unlucky 不幸的
dis-不,非　dishonest 不诚实的
discontinuous 不连续的
in-不,非　inactive 不活跃的
incorrect 不正确的
im-不,非　impatient 不耐烦的
impossible 不可能的
ir-不,非　irregular 不规则的
irresponsible 不负责任的　
il-不,非　illogical 不合逻辑的　illegal 非法的
non-不,非　non-existent 不存在的
non-stop 直达的;不间断的
mis-错误地　mislead 误导
misunderstand 误解
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
Her speech was full of 　　　　 (proper) pauses that made it difficult for the audience to follow her train of thought.
When you come to a new place,you will find a lot of　 　　 　(familiar) people.
improper
unfamiliar
(2)其他常见前缀。
pre-在……之前　preview预习　prepare准备
re-再,重新　return返回　remember记住
com-共同,一起　combine结合　company公司
inter-在……之　international国际的间;相互 interaction互动
trans-横过;转移 transport运输
translation翻译
tele-远;电 telephone电话
television电视
2.后缀。
(1)形容词后缀。
①名词+-al。
agriculture农业→agricultural 农业的
②动词+-ive。
decide 决定;下决心→decisive 决定性的;关键的
③动词+-able。
accept 接受→acceptable 可接受的
④名词+-ful。
care 小心;关心→careful 小心的;仔细的
⑤名词+-less。
care 小心;关心→careless 粗心的
⑥名词+-ly。
friend 朋友→friendly 友好的
⑦名词+-y。
cloud 云→cloudy 多云的
(2)名词后缀。
①动词+-ion∕-tion∕-sion(表示动作或动作过程)。
correct 改正;纠正→correction 改正
celebrate 庆祝→celebration 庆祝;庆祝会
conclude 完成;结束→conclusion 结论;结束
②动词+-er∕-or(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人)。
drive 驾驶→driver 司机;驾驶员
act 表演→actor 演员
③动词+-ment。
punish 惩罚→punishment 惩罚
④动词∕形容词+-th。
warm 温暖的→warmth 温暖
⑤形容词+-y。
difficult 困难的→difficulty 困难
honest 诚实的→honesty 诚实
⑥形容词+-ness。
kind 善良的→kindness 善良
⑦动词+-ance。
annoy 使烦恼→annoyance 烦恼
⑧动词+-ist。
type 打字→typist 打字员
⑨以-ship 结尾的名词(表示关系、身份、资格)。
friend 朋友→friendship 友谊
member 成员;会员→membership 会员资格
professor 教授→professorship 教授身份
⑩以-ing 结尾的名词。
garden 花园→gardening 园艺
greet 打招呼;问候→greeting 问候
(3)动词后缀。
①形容词∕名词+-fy∕-ify。
simple 简单的→simplify 简化
②形容词+-en。
short 短的→shorten 缩短
③名词+-ise。
apology 道歉,歉意→apologise 道歉
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
The cottage had a 　　 　　 (delight) sea view.
After working hard for a long time,he found his great
(improve) in his lessons.
delightful
improvement
三、转化法
转化法即把一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性,词形不变。
1.名词转化为动词。
cook (n.厨师→v.烹饪)
name (n.名字→v.命名)
picture (n.画→v.描绘)
water (n.水→v.浇水)
2.形容词转化为动词。
calm (adj.平静的→v.使平静)
spare (adj.空闲的→v.节省)
own (adj.自己的→v.拥有)
last (adj.最后的→v.持续)
3.形容词转化为副词。
hard (adj.困难的→adv.努力地)
well (adj.健康的→adv.很好地)
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
After I had　　 　　(picture) it over and over again in my mind,the big day finally arrived.
Last night,the firefighters　　 　　(water) the burning building to control the flames.
pictured
watered
四、缩略法
为了方便,对事物称谓中的成分进行有规律的节缩或者省略叫作缩略。
经过缩略而成的能自由运用的语言单位叫缩略词。
英语中的常用缩略词有以下几个方面。
1.表示各种组织或机构的缩略词。
APEC(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)
亚洲太平洋经济合作组织
IOC (International Olympic Committee)
国际奥林匹克委员会
2.表示各种系统的缩略词。
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
全球移动通信系统
BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System)
北斗卫星导航系统
3.有关职务或学位的缩略词。
CEO (Chief Executive Officer)
首席执行官
CFO (Chief Financial Officer)
首席财务官
4.有关金融方面的缩略词。
ATM (Automatic Teller Machine)
自动取款机
GNP (Gross National Product)
国民生产总值
5.有关考试的缩略词。
CET (College English Test)
大学英语等级考试
PETS (Public English Test System)
全国英语等级考试
6.其他方面的缩略词。
UFO (Unidentified Flying Object)
不明飞行物
API (Air Pollution Index)
空气污染指数
[语境运用] 写出下列缩略词的汉语意思
ICU　　 　　　　 　　　
SOS 　　　　 　　　
WHO 　　　　 　　　
重症监护室
紧急呼救信号
世界卫生组织
真题赏析
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his 　　　　 (usual) methods.
【解析】 考查形容词。根据句意并分析句子可知,此处修饰后面的名词methods,应用形容词形式,且此处需要添加否定前缀un-。故填unusual。
unusual
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Those who are dressed
(appropriate) will be refused permission to participate.
【解析】 考查副词。根据句意并分析句子可知,此处应用副词修饰谓语动词are dressed,且表达否定含义,需要加否定前缀in-。故填inappropriately。
inappropriately
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Xiaolongbao (soup dumplings),those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers,encasing hot,　　　 (taste) soup and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my favourite Chinese street food.
【解析】 考查形容词。修饰后面的名词soup,应用形容词形式。故填tasty。
tasty
4.(2023·全国甲卷)The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However,Carson’s theme is a more weighty
　　 　　(warn) about environmental destruction.
【解析】 考查名词。与冠词连用,且被形容词修饰,应用名词形式。故填warning。
warning
5.(2023·浙江1月卷)The term “hutong”,　　 　　 (original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian,appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
【解析】 考查副词。修饰后面的非谓语动词meaning,应用副词形式。故填originally。
originally
6.(2023·浙江1月卷)The hutongs they formed were orderly,lined by
　　 　　 (space) homes and walled gardens.
【解析】 考查形容词。修饰后面的名词homes,应用形容词形式。故填spacious。
spacious
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The city is famous for its many tourist 　　 　　(attract),including historic landmarks and beautiful beaches.
2.It’s 　　　 　(possible) for me to finish the project alone in such a short time.
3.After working for a whole day,Jane lay back 　　 　　(comfortable) on the bed.
attractions
impossible
comfortably
4.The scheme has been set up to help　 　　 (home) people.
5.Reading can not only 　　 　 　(rich) our knowledge but also
　　　　(wide) our view.
homeless
enrich
widen
Ⅱ.写出句中画线单词的词性和汉语意思
1.I have booked my ticket and bought three books for my sister.　　　 　　　　
2.The girl who is getting water from the well speaks English quite well.
　　　 　　　　
3.The flowers need to be watered.Give me some water,please.　　　 　　　　
4.The prize was awarded to me for excellence in English.This is the first award that I have won since I attended senior high school.　　　　 　　　
5.Alice graduated from university last year,and she was one of the excellent graduates in her university.　　　　 　　　
v.预订; n.书
n.井;adv.好
v.浇水;n.水
v.授予;n.奖,奖项
v.毕业;n.毕业生
Ⅲ.将下列单词组成合成词,并用其适当形式填空
undergo
passer,under,go,by,loving,book,peace,made,note,ready
1.Many patients have to　　　　 a series of tests before being diagnosed.
2.Some　　 　　 lent me a hand when they saw me get into trouble.
3.The 　　 　　 nation has always advocated for dialogue and negotiation to resolve conflicts,rather than resorting to violence.
4.The man can hardly find any　　　 　 clothes that fit him well.
5.When I use my dictionary,I write down all the new words I learn in this small　　　 　.
passers-by
peace-loving
ready-made
notebook(共37张PPT)
Unit 2　课时作业(四)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
①(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.”　　　　　　　
②I should type my name,address and telephone number on the form.　　　　　　　
③The result of his bird flu test was negative.　　　　　　　
④The sudden sound alarmed everyone in the middle of the night,causing a rush of panic and confusion.　　　　 　　　
⑤This substance should not come into contact with food.　　　　　　　
⑥When the movie ended,everyone exited the theatre quickly.　　　　　　　
(分值:52.5分)
单元知识综合练
加标题
打字
阴性的
使惊恐,使害怕
接触
出去,退场
2.写出下列语段中黑体词的含义。
After ①winding his watch, he drove to the path ②winding down to the beach, where he pulled up and ③wound down his car windows.Strong
④winds refreshed him.
给手表①　　　　　后,他开车到了那条②　　　　　　通向海滩的小路。他停下车,③　　　　车窗,强劲的④　　　　 让他感到凉爽。
上发条
蜿蜒的
摇下
风
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
If you are like most international students,you are probably pretty good at reading and writing in English.1.　　　 Below are some tips to help you to improve your conversational skills.
G
Make friends with native speakers.Many international students end up making friends with a lot of,or only other international students instead of native speakers.2.　　　 In fact,hanging out with natives not only naturally pushes you to improve your spoken English,but also helps you pick up cultural and social information.
C
Learn from native friends.Tell your native friends that you are trying to improve your listening and speaking skills,and would like them to help you.If you pronounce a word incorrectly,or misuse an idiom,you ask them to guide you.3.　　
Increase your knowledge.4.　　　 If you have been exposed to topics which will probably be discussed in conversation,you have a much better chance of understanding people when they talk,and of being able to express yourself well.
D
F
5.　　　 If you have to explain something to someone,you are eager to pronounce everything as you can to explain yourself.Finally,this becomes a good habit.Many people have asked me how I learnt to speak English fluently,and I owe most of it to being a maths teacher in college for years.
A
A.Become a teacher at your school if possible.
B.Explain things to yourself in a different way.
C.It’s bad for you to improve your spoken English.
D.It can help you to make great progress in this way.
E.It’s a win-win opportunity for international students.
F.Keep up with the latest news and watch popular shows and movies.
G.However,you may have trouble in listening and speaking in the language.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章为国际生如何提高英语听说能力提供了几点建议。
1.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据设空处前一句和设空处后一句可知,此处是指可能会不擅长听力和口语, 且和前文构成转折关系,对应转折词however,G项切合文意。故选G。
2.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据设空处前一句可知,此处是指只和国际学生,而不和以英语为母语的人交朋友不利于英语口语的提高,C项切合文意。故选C。
3.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据设空处前一句可知,此处是指向以英语为母语的人学习,让他们指导和纠正你,会帮助你取得进步。D项切合文意。故选D。
4.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据设空处后一句可知,此处是指要紧跟时事,最好是接触过谈话中可能会讨论的话题,F项切合文意。故选F。
5.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据本段最后一句可知,此处是指成为学校里的老师有助于提高听说能力,A项切合文意。故选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
I began learning Greek aged 10 when my family and I moved there for 2 years. At first it was 　1　 and I had no idea whether I would be able to learn the language,but 　2　,I started to get a sense of 　3　 from using what I had learnt,hearing conversations and almost 　4　 everything that was said.
When I started university back in England at 18,I met my best friend 　5　 our same second language—Greek. I was always told I would meet people through 　6　, and that was the first moment when I believed it.
I was always 　7　 by family to continue on the language path,so I took up German though it was really 　8　. There were a lot of times I thought I was going to 　9　,but I am so glad I didn’t. When I 　10　 to go to the University of Manchester to study Spanish,I had never studied Spanish before. They saw that I studied Greek and German and 　11　 me a place! Now I am in Spain for a year having an 　12　 time.
It was a 　13　 chain of events;if I had 　14　 everybody who encouraged me to study languages,gave up when it was hard and didn’t practise,I would not be doing what I am doing right now,and my life would be totally 　15　.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己的语言学习经历,以此告诉我们学习语言的重要性。
(　　)1.
B
【解析】 根据下文“and I had no idea whether I would be able to learn the language”可知,起初希腊语很难(difficult),作者不知道自己是否可以学会这门语言。故选B。
[A] interesting
[B] difficult
[C] useless
[D] hopeful
(　　)2.
A
【解析】 根据下文可知,因为作者开始能够将自己所学的语言学以致用,所以慢慢地(slowly)有了自豪感。故选A。
[A] slowly
[B] suddenly
[C] entirely
[D] certainly
(　　)3.
D
【解析】 根据下文“from using what I had learnt...that was said”可知,作者能够运用所学的语言,所以获得了自豪感(pride)。故选D。
[A] humour
[B] anxiety
[C] pressure
[D] pride
(　　)4.
A
【解析】 根据下文“everything that was said”可知,此处指理解(understanding)所说的每一件事物。故选A。
[A] understanding
[B] speaking
[C] confusing
[D] thinking
(　　)5.
D
【解析】 根据上文“When I started university...my best friend”可知,多亏(thanks to)学习了希腊语,所以作者认识了最好的朋友。故选D。
[A] in spite of
[B] except for
[C] in favour of
[D] thanks to
(　　)6.
C
【解析】 根据语境可知,此处指通过语言(languages)认识他人。故选C。
[A] activities
[B] conversations
[C] languages
[D] clubs
(　　)7.
D
[A] affected
[B] prevented
[C] moved
[D] encouraged
【解析】 根据下文“by family to continue on the language path”可知,作者的家人鼓励(encouraged)作者学习语言。故选D。
(　　)8.
A
【解析】 根据下文“There were a lot of times...I didn’t.”可知,学习德语是具有挑战性的(challenging)。故选A。
[A] challenging
[B] amusing
[C] attractive
[D] unique
(　　)9.
B
【解析】 根据语境可知,因为学习德语具有挑战性,所以作者多次想放弃(give up)。故选B。
[A] give away
[B] give up
[C] go all out
[D] go down
(　　)10.
B
【解析】 根据下文“go to the University of Manchester to study Spanish”可知,作者申请(applied)去曼彻斯特大学学习西班牙语。故选B。
[A] planned
[B] applied
[C] refused
[D] promised
(　　)11.
C
【解析】 根据上文“They saw that I studied Greek and German”可知,因为作者学过希腊语和德语,所以曼彻斯特大学给作者提供(offered)学习西班牙语的机会。故选C。
[A] pointed
[B] left
[C] offered
[D] found
(　　)12.
B
【解析】 根据空前“Now I am in Spain for a year”并结合上文可知,作者学过西班牙语,所以在西班牙度过了美好的(amazing)时光。故选B。
[A] annoying
[B] amazing
[C] odd
[D] ordinary
(　　)13.
A
【解析】 根据下文可知,因为学习语言,所以发生了一连串美妙的(wonderful)事件。故选A。
[A] wonderful
[B] normal
[C] familiar
[D] popular
(　　)14.
C
【解析】 根据下文“everybody who encouraged me to study languages”可知,作者庆幸没有忽略(ignored)所有鼓励自己学习语言的人。故选C。
[A] responded
[B] blamed
[C] ignored
[D] admired
(　　)15.
D
【解析】 根据上文“I would not be doing what I am doing right now”可知,学习语言让作者的人生变得完全不同(different)。故选D。
[A] successful
[B] meaningful
[C] colourful
[D] different
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
假设你是李华,你校英语协会(English Association)正在征集学习英语的好方法,请你给英语协会主持人Cathy写一封信推荐使用思维导图(mind maps),内容包括:
1.写信目的;
2.推荐理由。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Dear Cathy,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Dear Cathy,
Knowing that the English Association is collecting good ways to learn English,I’m glad to give my recommendation.
As far as I’m concerned,using mind maps is an effective way for learning English.It helps me connect words and expressions of a certain topic.
Besides,I used to draw mind maps to learn and review grammar points,
which does work.What’s more,when reading a passage,a mind map can help me organise information clearly.
I do hope my recommendation can be of some help.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua(共25张PPT)
Unit 2　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.My English improved a lot; more importantly,I gained much
　　 　　 (confident).
2.He lied to me,which made me 　　 　　 (happy).
3.It was a 　 　 (fog) cold morning when he set off for the remote village.
4.One important thing to know is that no knowledge is 　　　　 (use).
5.It is very 　　　 　 (danger) for children to play with fire.
confidence
unhappy
foggy
useless
dangerous
6.The meeting supposed to be 　 　　　 (success) turned out to be a failure in the end.
7.When they heard it,they 　　 　　 (immediate) came to my help.
8.Ann will be remembered for her ability and her 　 　　　 (warm).
9.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,making the air conditioner 　　　 　 (necessary).
10.It was such a shock when they announced the 　 　 (win) was Jim.
successful
immediately
warmth
unnecessary
winner
Ⅱ.利用构词法补全短文(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
Li Hua,my 1.　　　　 (同班同学),is 2.　　 　 　 (勤奋的).To improve his listening skills,every day he gets up at six and listens to English audio.What’s more,he is also 3.　　 　　 (热心的) and willing to help others.On his way to school yesterday,he came across a 4.　　 　　(无家可归的) person and 5.　　　　 (递给)100 yuan to him.He set an example to us students.
classmate
hard-working
warm-hearted
homeless
handed
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
As is known to all,“I am sorry.” is the phrase we hear most in daily communication in Britain.What does it mean Does it always mean you apologise (道歉) for what you have done wrong Let us review a scene happening in a British street one day.
A young man walked down a road playing with his smart phone when a lady came over in his opposite direction.The man failed to give his way to the lady in time.As a result,he bumped (碰撞) into the lady.As a rule in China,the man must say “I am sorry” first,because he was so busy playing with his smart phone that he got in the way of the lady.However,both the persons apologised to each other by saying “I am sorry.” Why is this the case As a matter of fact,the phrase “I am sorry.” takes on another meaning in Britain.Anyone should speak to the other this way if either of them creates inconvenience (不便).The apology is just a way to avoid unnecessary fights between them.
Another cultural difference about “I am sorry.” can also be found at British restaurants.Supposing an old woman says to a waiter in a pub (酒
馆),“I am sorry,but can I order another drink ” This time you must realise it doesn’t mean she apologises to the waiter for what she has done wrong,
but that it means she really needs the waiter to do something for her.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要以“I am sorry.”为例,向我们介绍了在不同的文化中,日常英语交际用语使用的差异性。
(　　)1.In China,who should apologise to the other person by saying “I am sorry.”
[A] The person who does something wrong.
[B] The person who does something special.
[C] The person who does something right.
[D] The person who does something common.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As a rule in China...that he got in the way of the lady.”可知,如果发生在中国,男人必须先说声对不起,因为他忙着玩手机,挡了女士的路。由此可推断出,在中国,做错事的人应该向对方道歉,说“对不起”。故选A。
(　　)2.What did the young man do when he bumped into the lady
[A] He was answering a call.
[B] He was playing with his smart phone.
[C] He was dancing along the road.
[D] He was playing football with his friends by the roadside.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,男人边走路边玩智能手机,一位女士从他对面走来,他没能及时给那位女士让路,结果他撞上了那位女士。由此可知,当男人撞到那位女士时,他正忙着玩智能手机。故选B。
(　　)3.What is the purpose of an old woman in the pub saying “I am sorry.” to the waiter
[A] She wants to apologise to the waiter.
[B] She wants to ask for help from the waiter.
[C] She wants to help the waiter.
[D] She wants to play a joke on the waiter.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,老妇人对服务员说“对不起”,并不意味着她为自己做错了什么而向服务员道歉,而是意味着她想让服务员帮她做点什么。由此可知,酒吧里的老妇人对服务员说“对不起”是想向服务员寻求帮助。故选B。
(　　)4.What is the main idea of the passage
[A] Don’t play with smart phones on the road.
[B] We should learn to be a person with good manners.
[C] How to order a drink successfully in a British pub
[D] We can find cultural differences in daily English communication.
D
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要以“I am sorry.”为例,向我们介绍了在不同的文化中,日常英语交际用语使用的差异性。在中国,它用于做错事时的道歉用语,但在英国,它可能是为了避免不必要的争斗或寻求别人帮助时的礼貌用语,D项符合文章主旨。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
In my opinion,we should try our best 1.　　　 　(realise) our goals even though there 2.　　　　(be) little hope.The efforts seem to be the lights in the darkness.
to realise
is
I used to be 3.　　　　 shy girl in my primary school.I was weak in English at that time,especially for 4.　　　 　(speak) English.So I was afraid to answer the teacher’s questions during English classes.After I entered my dream middle school,something 5.　　 　　(change).I started to read many 6.　　 　　(interest) English stories and my English teacher was patient to help me a lot.
a
spoken
changed
interesting
I studied hard in class and practised by watching English films and listening to English songs in my free time.Little 7.　　　　 little,I found
8.　　　　 more and more interesting to learn English.I could even talk with my classmates fluently (流利地) 9.　　　　 English and I was not shy any more.At last,I got high grades in English and I had 10.
(confident) to do it better in the future.
by
it
in
confidence
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者从很害羞、英语成绩不好,到通过努力能与他人流利对话、取得高分的故事。
1.【答案】 to realise
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句子主干成分完整,空处表示
“为了……”,作目的状语,应用realise的不定式形式。故填to realise。
2.【答案】 is
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,句子用了there be句型,且此处描述的是现在的真实情况,时态应用一般现在时,little hope为不可数名词,be动词应用is。故填is。
3.【答案】 a
【解析】 考查冠词。分析句子可知,空处表示泛指,意为“一个”,应用不定冠词,且shy的发音以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
4.【答案】 spoken
【解析】 考查形容词。分析句子可知,空处作修饰English的定语,应用形容词形式,spoken English是固定表达,意为“英语口语”。故填spoken。
5.【答案】 changed
【解析】 考查动词的时态。分析句子可知,空处作句子的谓语,此处在叙述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时。故填changed。
6.【答案】 interesting
【解析】 考查形容词。分析句子可知,空处应用形容词形式修饰名词stories作定语,且此处描述故事的性质。故填interesting。
7.【答案】 by
【解析】 考查介词。此处用固定短语little by little,意为“渐渐地”。故填by。
8.【答案】 it
【解析】 考查固定句型。分析句子可知,此处用固定句型find it+adj.+to do sth,意为“发现做某事……”,空处应用作形式宾语的it。故填it。
9.【答案】 in
【解析】 考查介词。分析句子可知,此处表示用英语流利地交谈,in English,意为“用英语”。故填in。
10.【答案】 confidence
【解析】 考查名词。分析句子可知,空处作had的宾语,应用名词confidence,意为“信心”,是不可数名词。故填confidence。

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