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Unit 4　课时作业(四)
单元知识综合练
(分值:55.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共13题;每题1分,共13分)
1.advance
A.n.进步,进展　B.v.前进,行进　C.v.促进,推动　D.adj.预先的,事先的
①The explorers advanced cautiously through the dense forest, keeping their eyes and ears alert for any signs of danger.　　　
②As the semester progressed, the student decided to make an advance on her research paper by conducting additional experiments and gathering more data. 　　　
③To ensure smooth progress, I usually make some advance plans.　　　
④Their efforts have significantly advanced the field of artificial intelligence.　　　
【答案】 ①B　②A　③D　④C
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
①The responsible doctor tends every patient in his charge.　　　　　　　
②The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly, which was a splendid scene.　　　　　
③As a student representative, I am greatly honoured to deliver a speech here.　　　　　　　
④Suddenly, it clicked—we’d been talking about different people.　　　　　　　
⑤The plain fact is that nobody really knows.　　　　　　　
【答案】 ①v.照顾　②v.不断涌现　③v.发表(演说等)　④v.被突然明白,豁然开朗　⑤adj.直接的
3.写出下列语段中黑体词的含义。
To raise money for the city struck① by the hurricane, the famous striker agreed to take part in the charity game.When he struck② the ball into the net, he almost struck③ his head on the goalkeeper.It struck④ all the audience that his performance was strikingly outstanding.
为了给受到飓风①　　　　　　　　的城市筹集资金,那位有名的前锋同意参加这次慈善比赛。当他把球②　　　　　　　　 入网内的时候,头差点③　　　　　　　　　　 上守门员。全场观众都④　　　　　　　 他的表现异乎寻常地出众。
【答案】 ①v.侵袭　②v.踢(球等)　③v.撞 ④v.让(某人)觉得
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Defining what an ideal friend is like is not an easy task.1.　 　　 However,generally speaking,there are certain qualities that most people would consider as the characteristics of an ideal friend.
The ideal friends know how to show weakness.The ideal friends don’t try to prove how successful they are.2.　　 　 They show how much they trust us by admitting failings and sorrows.They offer us the gift of their vulnerability (脆弱).
3.　　　 More often than not,it’s comfortable to admit,we don’t quite know what we think until a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought,to explain why we’re impressed by it and to find good answers to possible objections.They see the potential in what we’re saying when we can’t.
The proper friends help build our self-understanding.There are so many things we don’t entirely comprehend about who we are.We find it hard to determine our goals.4.　　　 We might have some strong opinions,but it can be really difficult to explain why these ideas matter to us.The right friends listen and help us piece together the best account of our fears and excitements.
They help us to like ourselves.Normally we’re very aware of our own shortcomings;it’s more obvious,from our point of view,what’s disappointing about us than what’s attractive.We need a friend because we’re likely to be so very unfriendly towards ourselves.5.　 　
A.True friends help us think.
B.We get defensive and we don’t really know why.
C.Loyalty is a common quality of ideal friends.
D.The good friend likes us in ways we’re not easily able to.
E.Everyone has his or her own understanding of what an ideal friend is like.
F.On the contrary,they let us know embarrassing things about themselves.
G.They care for your well-being over any issues that may arise between you and them.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了一个理想的朋友所具备的特征。
1.【答案】 E
【解析】 前句说要定义一个理想的朋友并不容易,后句说有些品质是大多数人认为一个理想的朋友会拥有的。再结合However可知,上下文是转折关系。E项说明每个人对理想的朋友的理解是不同的,引出后文一致的理解之处,因此E项承上启下,符合语境。故选E。
2.【答案】 F
【解析】 前句叙述理想的朋友不会试图证明他们有多成功,此处应该说他们会怎么做。F项叙述理想的朋友会说出自己难为情的事,这和前面所说的“证明他们有多成功”相反,因此F项承上启下,符合语境。故选F。
3.【答案】 A
【解析】 此处是本段的主题句,后一句叙述真正的朋友会帮助我们进一步思考并阐述想法。A项叙述了真正的朋友会帮助我们思考,概括了本段的主旨,可作为本段主题句。故选A。
4.【答案】 B
【解析】 前两句提到我们有很多事情没有完全理解。我们发现很难确定我们的目标,而后句叙述我们可能会有一些十分坚持的观点,但真的难以解释为什么这些想法对我们很重要。由此可见,设空处与前后内容并列,应该也是说我们不理解的一些事情。B项叙述不理解为什么我们会变得有戒心,承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
5.【答案】 D
【解析】 结合本段首句和设空处前一句可知,我们可能对自己不友好,所以需要朋友,这说明真正的朋友会喜欢我们。D项叙述好朋友会喜欢我们,他们喜欢我们的方式是我们自己无法轻易做到的,因此D项承上启下,符合语境。故选D。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
It was a September day, the first day of high school for a freshman,Kayla.Kayla had always been a bit of a shy girl, but she had always 　1　 her studies. She was determined to make full use of her high school years.
Walking down the hallways, Kayla couldn’t help but feel 　2　.The older students seemed so confident, while she felt small and unimportant.But Kayla was determined to succeed,no matter what 　3　 came her way.
It wasn’t long before Kayla’s determination was put to the 　4　. In her first week of school,she was assigned (分派) a(n)　5　 project that required a lot of research and planning.Kayla did her 　6　,but she soon realised that she was in over her head.As she struggled to complete the project,Kayla began to 　7　 herself.She wondered if she was cut out for high school.But then,something 　8　 happened.
Kayla’s classmates began to notice how 　9　 she was working,and they offered her help and 　10　.They gave her advice on how to 　11　 her time better and shared their tips for 　12　 assignments.With their help,Kayla completed the project on time and with great 　13　.
From that day on,Kayla 　14　 that high school was not a challenge to be faced alone.With the help and support of her 　15　,she was able to deal with any difficulty that came her way.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了Kayla在同学们的帮助下完成一项很有挑战性的项目,这让Kayla意识到高中并不是一个人要面对的挑战。
(　　)1.[A] feared [B] loved
[C] missed [D] forgot
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“She was determined to make full use of her high school years.”可知,她决心充分利用她的高中时光,由此可知,Kayla热爱(loved)学习。故选B。
(　　)2.[A] bored [B] excited
[C] worried [D] interested
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“The older students seemed... and unimportant.”可知,Kayla感到忧虑(worried)。故选C。
(　　)3.[A] difficulties [B] honours
[C] reasons [D] dangers
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据文章最后“she was able to deal with any difficulty that came her way”可知,Kayla决心要取得成功,不管会遇到什么困难(difficulties)。故选A。
(　　)4.[A] use [B] side
[C] trouble [D] test
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“but she soon realised that she was in over her head”可知,Kayla的决心受到了考验(test)。故选D。
(　　)5.[A] simple [B] challenging
[C] suitable [D] amazing
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“that required a lot of research and planning”可知,这个项目有挑战性(challenging)。故选B。
(　　)6.[A] part [B] share
[C] best [D] duty
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“As she struggled to complete the project”可知,Kayla尽最大努力去完成项目。do one’s best 意为“尽某人最大努力”。故选C。
(　　)7.[A] teach [B] doubt
[C] enjoy [D] believe
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“She wondered if she was cut out for high school.”可知,Kayla怀疑(doubt)自己是否适合上高中。故选B。
(　　)8.[A] great [B] strange
[C] confusing [D] secret
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“and they offered her help”可知,同学们帮助Kayla,这是很好的(great)事情。故选A。
(　　)9.[A] fast [B] bravely
[C] fluently [D] hard
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“As she struggled to complete the project”可知,同学们发现Kayla做项目很努力(hard)。故选D。
(　　)10.[A] flash [B] news
[C] support [D] service
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“With the help and support”可知,同学们帮助并支持(support)Kayla。故选C。
(　　)11.[A] manage [B] find
[C] fill [D] waste
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“her time better”可知,同学们帮助Kayla更好地管理(manage)时间。故选A。
(　　)12.[A] thinking about [B] getting through
[C] giving up [D] asking for
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“With their help,Kayla completed the project”可知,同学们分享给Kayla完成(getting through)任务的技巧。故选B。
(　　)13.[A] freedom [B] creation
[C] success [D] trust
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“With their help, Kayla completed the project on time and with great”可知,在同学们的帮助下,Kayla成功(success)完成了项目。故选C。
(　　)14.[A] realised [B] debated
[C] repeated [D] recommended
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“With the help and...that came her way.”可知,Kayla意识到(realised)高中并不是一个人要面对的挑战。故选A。
(　　)15.[A] families [B] customers
[C] teammates [D] classmates
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“Kayla’s classmates began to notice”可知,同学们(classmates)帮助了Kayla。故选D。
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
在国际友谊日(7月30日)来临之际,你校英文报正举办以“The Power of Friendship”为题的征文比赛,请你写一篇短文投稿, 内容包括:
1.自身经历;
2.你的感悟。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
The Power of Friendship
[写作指导]
One possible version:
The Power of Friendship
There’s no denying that friendship plays a significant role in our lives.The power of friendship is not merely in its ability to bring joy, but in its profound capacity to shape us into better individuals.
I still remember a time when I failed a math test, feeling discouraged and crying quietly at my seat.My friend Mary approached me with handkerchiefs, offering comfort and encouragement.She shared her learning methods and consistently helped me.Gradually, I made progress and became less afraid of the subject.It was Mary’s support that made me move forward.From this experience, I realised friendship provides emotional support, boosts confidence, and brings joy.True friends stand by us through thick and thin.
In short, the power of friendship reminds us that we’re never alone.Unit 4　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The house of 　　　　 the windows are broken is empty.
2.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without 　　　　 help I would never have got this far.
3.I got a photo album from my parents, 　　　　 reminded me of my happy childhood.
4.To tell you the truth, you should hand in all 　　　　 you have.
5.Jack was her best friend from 　　　　 she borrowed a car to travel.
6.The people 　　　　 faces lit up with huge smiles gave me the deepest impression.
7.The young man 　　　　 is shaking hands with your brother is a doctor.
8.Those 　　　　 want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 pm.
9.Please send us all the information 　　　　 you have about the candidate for the position.
10.The man is talking about the teachers and things 　　　　 encouraged him greatly in school.
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.The book 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我昨晚读的) is very interesting.
2.She is the girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (获得一等奖的) in the singing competition.
3.The man 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我在街上遇到的) is my uncle.
4.The car 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (轮胎瘪了的) needs to be repaired.
5.The city 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我两年前参观过的) has changed a lot.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
If you’re new to a school or you are shy or tend to not get out of your comfort zone (舒适区), making new friends at school might seem like a challenge.Luckily, you can overcome that challenge by looking for people with the same interests as you and by being friendly when you meet new people.Also, participate in after-school clubs and events whenever you get the chance, since that will help you meet people outside of class!
Look for people who have the same hobbies as you.
You’re more likely to be friends with someone if you have something in common with him/her.Try to find clubs or groups based on your favourite hobbies,and then join them to meet like-minded (志趣相投的) people.Also, pay attention to people who spend their free time doing the same things you love to do.
If you’re a passionate reader, join a book club, go to public readings, or start a conversation with someone who carries novels around with his/her textbooks.
Spend time around people who show kindness.
Finding someone who will treat you well and support you is more important than popularity.Avoid spending time with people who talk bad about others or put them down.Instead, look for people who invite others to sit with them at lunch, who encourage others when they speak up in class, or who are always willing to help when someone needs a hand.
Introduce yourself to new people whenever possible.
When you’re around someone you don’t know, it is not unusual to just sit there quietly, especially if you’re shy.However, you and the other person will both be more comfortable after a simple introduction.Make eye contact with the person, smile, and try to seem warm and relaxed instead of nervous or anxious.Then, break the ice by talking about whatever is going on around you.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要针对新生在新学校结交新朋友提供了几点建议。
(　　)1.Who is the passage intended for
[A] Teachers. [B] Students.
[C] Parents. [D] Adults.
(　　)2.What can you do if you are fond of reading
[A] Join a performance club to make friends.
[B] Approach people with lots of hobbies.
[C] Spend your free time meeting different people.
[D] Talk to people with the same interests.
(　　)3.According to Paragraph 4, who is more likely to be a good friend
[A] One who enjoys the popularity.
[B] One who talks bad about others.
[C] One who wants to help you.
[D] One who always puts others down.
(　　)4.According to the last paragraph, what should you do first when you meet someone you don’t know well
[A] Start with a warm handshake.
[B] Avoid eye contact with the person.
[C] Start with a brief introduction of yourself.
[D] Start by talking about a serious topic.
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
Having good and close friends is very important to 1.　　　　 (teenager).But it takes time to make a good friend.Spending time together will help you get to know your friends well so that you can feel quite 2.　　　　 (comfort) about sharing feelings.Doing things together,whether you’re doing homework,kicking a soccer ball,or working on an art project,also 3.　　　　 (build) closeness.
On the one hand,a good friend will make you feel good about yourself.On 4.　　　　 other hand,some friendships can turn unpleasant and leave you 5.　　 　　 (question) your self-worth.If your friend is a person 6.　　　　 often makes you anxious,you ought to distance yourself 7.　　　　 him or her.The great thing is that there are almost always new opportunities to find other friends.It just requires some 8.　　　　 (patient) to acquire a close friend.
It’s also common for friendships to change as kids move to different schools or stages of life,as it takes extra effort 9.　　 　　 (maintain) friendships that don’t put them in close proximity (接近) to each other.
In many ways,friendship comes 10.　　　　 (natural) to children.However,it also needs skills to make your friendships last long. Unit 4　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The house of 　　　　 the windows are broken is empty.
2.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without 　　　　 help I would never have got this far.
3.I got a photo album from my parents, 　　　　 reminded me of my happy childhood.
4.To tell you the truth, you should hand in all 　　　　 you have.
5.Jack was her best friend from 　　　　 she borrowed a car to travel.
6.The people 　　　　 faces lit up with huge smiles gave me the deepest impression.
7.The young man 　　　　 is shaking hands with your brother is a doctor.
8.Those 　　　　 want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 pm.
9.Please send us all the information 　　　　 you have about the candidate for the position.
10.The man is talking about the teachers and things 　　　　 encouraged him greatly in school.
【答案】 1.which　2.whose　3.which　4.that 5.whom　6.whose　7.who/that　8.who
9.that　10.that
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.The book 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我昨晚读的) is very interesting.
2.She is the girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (获得一等奖的) in the singing competition.
3.The man 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我在街上遇到的) is my uncle.
4.The car 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (轮胎瘪了的) needs to be repaired.
5.The city 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我两年前参观过的) has changed a lot.
【答案】 1.(that/which) I read last night　2.who/that won the first prize　3.(who/whom/that) I met on the street　4.whose tires are flat　5.(that/which) I visited two years ago
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
If you’re new to a school or you are shy or tend to not get out of your comfort zone (舒适区), making new friends at school might seem like a challenge.Luckily, you can overcome that challenge by looking for people with the same interests as you and by being friendly when you meet new people.Also, participate in after-school clubs and events whenever you get the chance, since that will help you meet people outside of class!
Look for people who have the same hobbies as you.
You’re more likely to be friends with someone if you have something in common with him/her.Try to find clubs or groups based on your favourite hobbies,and then join them to meet like-minded (志趣相投的) people.Also, pay attention to people who spend their free time doing the same things you love to do.
If you’re a passionate reader, join a book club, go to public readings, or start a conversation with someone who carries novels around with his/her textbooks.
Spend time around people who show kindness.
Finding someone who will treat you well and support you is more important than popularity.Avoid spending time with people who talk bad about others or put them down.Instead, look for people who invite others to sit with them at lunch, who encourage others when they speak up in class, or who are always willing to help when someone needs a hand.
Introduce yourself to new people whenever possible.
When you’re around someone you don’t know, it is not unusual to just sit there quietly, especially if you’re shy.However, you and the other person will both be more comfortable after a simple introduction.Make eye contact with the person, smile, and try to seem warm and relaxed instead of nervous or anxious.Then, break the ice by talking about whatever is going on around you.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要针对新生在新学校结交新朋友提供了几点建议。
(　　)1.Who is the passage intended for
[A] Teachers. [B] Students.
[C] Parents. [D] Adults.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句可知,文章主要面向的读者是刚步入新学校的新生。故选B。
(　　)2.What can you do if you are fond of reading
[A] Join a performance club to make friends.
[B] Approach people with lots of hobbies.
[C] Spend your free time meeting different people.
[D] Talk to people with the same interests.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Look for people who have the same hobbies as you.部分中的第二段内容可知,喜欢读书的人可以去找和自己有相同兴趣的人交谈。故选D。
(　　)3.According to Paragraph 4, who is more likely to be a good friend
[A] One who enjoys the popularity.
[B] One who talks bad about others.
[C] One who wants to help you.
[D] One who always puts others down.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,一个想要支持、帮助你的人更有可能成为一个好朋友。故选C。
(　　)4.According to the last paragraph, what should you do first when you meet someone you don’t know well
[A] Start with a warm handshake.
[B] Avoid eye contact with the person.
[C] Start with a brief introduction of yourself.
[D] Start by talking about a serious topic.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,当你遇到不太熟悉的人时,你可以从简单的自我介绍开始。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
Having good and close friends is very important to 1.　　　　 (teenager).But it takes time to make a good friend.Spending time together will help you get to know your friends well so that you can feel quite 2.　　　　 (comfort) about sharing feelings.Doing things together,whether you’re doing homework,kicking a soccer ball,or working on an art project,also 3.　　　　 (build) closeness.
On the one hand,a good friend will make you feel good about yourself.On 4.　　　　 other hand,some friendships can turn unpleasant and leave you 5.　　 　　 (question) your self-worth.If your friend is a person 6.　　　　 often makes you anxious,you ought to distance yourself 7.　　　　 him or her.The great thing is that there are almost always new opportunities to find other friends.It just requires some 8.　　　　 (patient) to acquire a close friend.
It’s also common for friendships to change as kids move to different schools or stages of life,as it takes extra effort 9.　　 　　 (maintain) friendships that don’t put them in close proximity (接近) to each other.
In many ways,friendship comes 10.　　　　 (natural) to children.However,it also needs skills to make your friendships last long.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章说明了拥有亲密的好朋友对青少年来说非常重要,并介绍了维系良好友谊的方法。
1.【答案】 teenagers
【解析】 考查名词复数。teenager是可数名词,前面没有限定词,故此处应用其复数形式。故填teenagers。
2.【答案】 comfortable
【解析】 考查形容词。由空前的系动词feel以及上下文语境可知,此处应用comfort的形容词形式。故填comfortable。
3.【答案】 builds
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知,描述客观事实应用一般现在时;且Doing things together为句子的主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填builds。
4.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查固定搭配。on the other hand意为“另一方面”,为固定搭配。故填the。
5.【答案】 questioning
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。leave sb doing sth意为“让某人做某事”。故填questioning。
6.【答案】 who/that
【解析】 考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词为a person,指人。故填who/that。
7.【答案】 from
【解析】 考查介词。distance oneself from sb意为“远离某人”。故填from。
8.【答案】 patience
【解析】 考查名词。此处作requires的宾语,并被some修饰,应用patient的名词形式。抽象名词为不可数名词。故填patience。
9.【答案】 to maintain
【解析】 考查动词不定式。此处是it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to maintain。
10.【答案】 naturally
【解析】 考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词comes,应用natural的副词形式。故填naturally。Unit 4　课时作业(三)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The novel, written in　　　　 (简单的) language, is easy for children to understand,which makes it popular among them.
2.He spoke with great　　　　 (激情) about his vision for the future.
3.It was my　　　　 (伙伴) Tom who helped me go through the hard time when I broke my leg.
4.Use the mouse to 　　　　 (拖) the icon (图标) to a new position.
5.The hotel offers a friendly　　　　 (氛围) and personal service.
6.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the　　　　 (场景).
7.Strange things sometimes happen to　　　　 (普通的) people.
8.She believes that everything that happens in our lives is part of our 　　　　 (命运) and that we should embrace it with an open heart.
9.After years of hard work and saving, he finally accumulated a considerable 　　　　 (大笔的钱) that allowed him to retire early and live comfortably.
10.As the day progressed, the events of the conference began to 　　　　 (展开), revealing both successes and challenges ahead.
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.I have been　　　　 (fortune) enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer.
2.The children were adapting themselves to their new　　　　 (surround).
3.She felt 　　　　 (shame) of her actions and apologised to everyone she had hurt.
4.He 　　　　 (bitter) regretted not having taken her advice and making a different decision.
5.She made an　　　　 (appoint) for her son to see the doctor.
6.Being　　　　 (patience) is an important part of learning a new skill.
7.She dealt with all the　　　　 (correspond) promptly and efficiently.
8.The company chose a prime 　　　　 (locate) for its new headquarters, ensuring easy access for employees and clients alike.
9.Her vibrant　　　　 (person) and infectious laughter made her the life of the party.
10.Being able to shine on a stage will for sure serve as a great　　　　 (inspire) for their future careers if they hold on.
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.When I went to the library to look for the book I needed for my assignment, I couldn’t find it anywhere, but eventually it 　　　　　　　　 (出现) in the misfiled section.
2.The story　　　　　　　　　 (以……为背景) the autumn of 1997.
3.After several hours of error checking, the IT team finally　　　　　　　　(找到) a solution to the network outage.
4.She　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (为……感到羞愧) her past mistakes and vowed to make better choices in the future.
5.With hard work and determination, she eventually　　　　　　　　　　(发财).
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
It’s said that making friends gets harder when you get older.People form their existing (现有的) friendships during childhood or at university.However,new research suggests that’s not what happens.According to a survey,the age group that feels least confident in chatting to strangers is those aged 18 to 24.Similarly,it was found that 59% of young people spend more time chatting to friends on social media than they do face to face in person.
Author and expert on friendship,Kate Leaver,said,“Young people are not confident when speaking to strangers, not only because they’re afraid of refusal,but also because they’ve really been not socially conditioned to it.Previous generations have a much stronger sense of community in public and shared spaces.We don’t have as much access (接触的机会) to that because the way we form our modern lives means we are less in touch with our communities.Shared public spaces like parks and libraries—places where people might get close to a stranger—are being shut down.”
Laura,27,who enjoys the company of her old friends,hates meeting new people.Most of her friends are from university days.“I’m pretty chatty and open when I get to know someone,but during the first meeting,I’m very shy.I get very anxious about what to talk about and worry that people do not understand my sense of humour.”
But not all young people feel the same way.Hayley always meets people in unusual ways and makes friends with them.“I became good friends with someone who I met on the plane,” she said.“It just shows how you can really connect when you’re offline.”
If you’re comfortable with your present friendship situation,that’s great.But,if you do want to enlarge your social circle,here are some tips.Avoid unpleasant silences by searching for people with common interests—join a book club or a local sports team.If it is too stressful,there are some social apps that you can use.Or you can start a conversation with someone in a public place.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。研究表明,并不是越长大越难交到朋友,现在的很多年轻人陷入了交友困境中。作者给出建议,如果想扩大交友圈,可以加入兴趣相投的群体。
(　　)1.What can we learn from the survey
[A] Building friendships in university is necessary.
[B] Teens spend less time on friends than before.
[C] Making friends gets harder on social media.
[D] Young people build friendships with difficulty.
(　　)2.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to
[A] A public space.
[B] A stranger.
[C] The sense of community.
[D] The social condition.
(　　)3.What problem does Laura have in socialising
[A] She has no sense of humour.
[B] She fails to contact her old friends.
[C] She prefers to make new friends online.
[D] She is unwilling to get close to new people.
(　　)4.What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
[A] Learning some skills on apps.
[B] Choosing friends carefully.
[C] Joining groups with shared interests.
[D] Keeping strong ties with old friends.Unit 4　课时作业(四)
单元知识综合练
(分值:55.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共13题;每题1分,共13分)
1.advance
A.n.进步,进展　B.v.前进,行进　C.v.促进,推动　D.adj.预先的,事先的
①The explorers advanced cautiously through the dense forest, keeping their eyes and ears alert for any signs of danger.　　　
②As the semester progressed, the student decided to make an advance on her research paper by conducting additional experiments and gathering more data. 　　　
③To ensure smooth progress, I usually make some advance plans.　　　
④Their efforts have significantly advanced the field of artificial intelligence.　　　
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
①The responsible doctor tends every patient in his charge.　　　　　　　
②The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly, which was a splendid scene.　　　　　
③As a student representative, I am greatly honoured to deliver a speech here.　　　　　　　
④Suddenly, it clicked—we’d been talking about different people.　　　　　　　
⑤The plain fact is that nobody really knows.　　　　　　　
3.写出下列语段中黑体词的含义。
To raise money for the city struck① by the hurricane, the famous striker agreed to take part in the charity game.When he struck② the ball into the net, he almost struck③ his head on the goalkeeper.It struck④ all the audience that his performance was strikingly outstanding.
为了给受到飓风①　　　　　　　　的城市筹集资金,那位有名的前锋同意参加这次慈善比赛。当他把球②　　　　　　　　 入网内的时候,头差点③　　　　　　　　　　 上守门员。全场观众都④　　　　　　　 他的表现异乎寻常地出众。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Defining what an ideal friend is like is not an easy task.1.　 　　 However,generally speaking,there are certain qualities that most people would consider as the characteristics of an ideal friend.
The ideal friends know how to show weakness.The ideal friends don’t try to prove how successful they are.2.　　 　 They show how much they trust us by admitting failings and sorrows.They offer us the gift of their vulnerability (脆弱).
3.　　　 More often than not,it’s comfortable to admit,we don’t quite know what we think until a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought,to explain why we’re impressed by it and to find good answers to possible objections.They see the potential in what we’re saying when we can’t.
The proper friends help build our self-understanding.There are so many things we don’t entirely comprehend about who we are.We find it hard to determine our goals.4.　　　 We might have some strong opinions,but it can be really difficult to explain why these ideas matter to us.The right friends listen and help us piece together the best account of our fears and excitements.
They help us to like ourselves.Normally we’re very aware of our own shortcomings;it’s more obvious,from our point of view,what’s disappointing about us than what’s attractive.We need a friend because we’re likely to be so very unfriendly towards ourselves.5.　 　
A.True friends help us think.
B.We get defensive and we don’t really know why.
C.Loyalty is a common quality of ideal friends.
D.The good friend likes us in ways we’re not easily able to.
E.Everyone has his or her own understanding of what an ideal friend is like.
F.On the contrary,they let us know embarrassing things about themselves.
G.They care for your well-being over any issues that may arise between you and them.
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
It was a September day, the first day of high school for a freshman,Kayla.Kayla had always been a bit of a shy girl, but she had always 　1　 her studies. She was determined to make full use of her high school years.
Walking down the hallways, Kayla couldn’t help but feel 　2　.The older students seemed so confident, while she felt small and unimportant.But Kayla was determined to succeed,no matter what 　3　 came her way.
It wasn’t long before Kayla’s determination was put to the 　4　. In her first week of school,she was assigned (分派) a(n)　5　 project that required a lot of research and planning.Kayla did her 　6　,but she soon realised that she was in over her head.As she struggled to complete the project,Kayla began to 　7　 herself.She wondered if she was cut out for high school.But then,something 　8　 happened.
Kayla’s classmates began to notice how 　9　 she was working,and they offered her help and 　10　.They gave her advice on how to 　11　 her time better and shared their tips for 　12　 assignments.With their help,Kayla completed the project on time and with great 　13　.
From that day on,Kayla 　14　 that high school was not a challenge to be faced alone.With the help and support of her 　15　,she was able to deal with any difficulty that came her way.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了Kayla在同学们的帮助下完成一项很有挑战性的项目,这让Kayla意识到高中并不是一个人要面对的挑战。
(　　)1.[A] feared [B] loved
[C] missed [D] forgot
(　　)2.[A] bored [B] excited
[C] worried [D] interested
(　　)3.[A] difficulties [B] honours
[C] reasons [D] dangers
(　　)4.[A] use [B] side
[C] trouble [D] test
(　　)5.[A] simple [B] challenging
[C] suitable [D] amazing
(　　)6.[A] part [B] share
[C] best [D] duty
(　　)7.[A] teach [B] doubt
[C] enjoy [D] believe
(　　)8.[A] great [B] strange
[C] confusing [D] secret
(　　)9.[A] fast [B] bravely
[C] fluently [D] hard
(　　)10.[A] flash [B] news
[C] support [D] service
(　　)11.[A] manage [B] find
[C] fill [D] waste
(　　)12.[A] thinking about [B] getting through
[C] giving up [D] asking for
(　　)13.[A] freedom [B] creation
[C] success [D] trust
(　　)14.[A] realised [B] debated
[C] repeated [D] recommended
(　　)15.[A] families [B] customers
[C] teammates [D] classmates
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
在国际友谊日(7月30日)来临之际,你校英文报正举办以“The Power of Friendship”为题的征文比赛,请你写一篇短文投稿, 内容包括:
1.自身经历;
2.你的感悟。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
The Power of FriendshipUnit 4　课时作业(一)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The sight of the old house brought back many 　　　　 (熟悉的) memories from my childhood.
2.Career officers 　　　　 (保持) contact with young people when they have left school.
3.Let me give you an example to 　　　　 (说明) the point.
4.Embarking on this journey was an 　　　　 (历险) filled with unexpected twists and turns.
5.The rise of 　　　　 (数字的) technology has revolutionised the way we communicate and access information.
6.Although they’re expensive, they last 　　　　 (永远) and never go out of style.
7.She often comes up with 　　 　　 (不平常的) ideas that surprise and inspire everyone around her.
8.It’s reported that trained dogs have been used to hunt for 　　　　 (罪犯).
9.By continuously learning and challenging himself, he was able to 　　　　(获得) a wide range of skills and knowledge.
10.The engineer used a detailed 　　　　 (示意图) to explain the complex machinery to the team of technicians.
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The new drug has great 　　　　 (significant) for the treatment of the disease.
2.Despite her problems,she carried on working as 　　　　 (unusual).
3.Many people expressed a strong 　　　　 (prefer) for the original plan.
4.Nowadays there is a 　　　　 (tend) that some wild animals can only be found in original forests.
5.I can give a few examples as 　　　　 (illustrate) of the difficulty of our work.
6.My husband loves 　　　　 (adventure) life while I enjoy a more peaceful domestic life.
7.This latest interview was a further 　　　　 (prove) of how Cara was good at her job.
8.As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t charge you for 　　　　 (deliver).
9.Stepping into the 　　　　 (familiar) land of a new country, she felt a mix of excitement and nervousness.
10.The company is known for its 　　　　 (advance) research and development in artificial intelligence technologies.
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.　　　　　　　　(多亏) my teacher’s help, I have made great progress in my physics.
2.After graduation, I gradually　　　　　　　　 (与……失去联系) my old friends.
3.No matter what happens, 　　　　　　　　　　　　(记住) we are family.
4.We try to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (与……保持联系) each other through e-mails.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (无论你什么时候需要帮助), just call me.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Sometimes I began to imagine: what if I and all of my friends were neighbours The more I’ve thought about it, the more I believe: we should all live close to our friends.
For the past century, the nuclear family, only including parents and children, has defined US homes.But Americans lived with friends and extended family long before the nuclear family became common.Even now, this mode of living exists somewhere; think of college campuses, which tend to be the kind of walkable communities where you’re regularly running into pals on the street.
While moving closer to friends would likely require a lot of efforts, doing so could actually be really good for you.Having supportive friends is connected with greater day-to-day happiness.Researchers have found that happiness spreads easily, especially among those who live close together.Friends living within a kilometre of each other are 25 percent more likely to feel happy, and their friends have a 10 percent chance of feeling happier too.Live around people who make you happy, and you might create a happiness circle that cheers up everyone around you.
Having a pal around is also just practical.For people with kids, a friend in the neighbourhood might be able to help with child care in times of need, saving you the cost of a last-minute babysitter.Those without children might welcome the chance to bond with friends’ kids.And for people who live alone, living closer to friends can make savings on some things easier.You might share household items you don’t need every day, for example.Whatever the reason, having more people you trust around will make it easier for you to get through difficult times.
Many people are prepared to move for a new job, to be with a romantic partner, or even just for an adventure.Moving to be closer to friends should be no different.Friends are important to a good life.So why not shorten the distance between you and them
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章讨论了与朋友住得近的好处,并鼓励人们搬到离朋友更近的地方居住。
(　　)1. Which was popular in the US before the nuclear family became common
[A] The one-parent family.
[B] The extended family only.
[C] The college campus community.
[D] The family group with relatives and friends.
(　　)2.What do the percentages in Paragraph 3 show about living closer to friends
[A] It spreads happiness among friends easily.
[B] It benefits one’s physical and mental health.
[C] It improves one’s awareness of family building.
[D] It increases one’s chances of making more new friends.
(　　)3.What is the practical advantage of living near friends
[A] Greater personal growth.
[B] Lower living costs.
[C] More health care services.
[D] Better leisure activities.
(　　)4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
[A] To advise people to live in nuclear families.
[B] To call on people to maintain good friendships.
[C] To encourage people to live close to friends.
[D] To tell people how to turn friends into neighbours.Unit 4　课时作业(一)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The sight of the old house brought back many 　　　　 (熟悉的) memories from my childhood.
2.Career officers 　　　　 (保持) contact with young people when they have left school.
3.Let me give you an example to 　　　　 (说明) the point.
4.Embarking on this journey was an 　　　　 (历险) filled with unexpected twists and turns.
5.The rise of 　　　　 (数字的) technology has revolutionised the way we communicate and access information.
6.Although they’re expensive, they last 　　　　 (永远) and never go out of style.
7.She often comes up with 　　 　　 (不平常的) ideas that surprise and inspire everyone around her.
8.It’s reported that trained dogs have been used to hunt for 　　　　 (罪犯).
9.By continuously learning and challenging himself, he was able to 　　　　(获得) a wide range of skills and knowledge.
10.The engineer used a detailed 　　　　 (示意图) to explain the complex machinery to the team of technicians.
【答案】 1.familiar　2.maintain　3.illustrate 4.adventure　5.digital　6.forever　7.unusual
8.criminals　9.acquire 　10.diagram
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The new drug has great 　　　　 (significant) for the treatment of the disease.
2.Despite her problems,she carried on working as 　　　　 (unusual).
3.Many people expressed a strong 　　　　 (prefer) for the original plan.
4.Nowadays there is a 　　　　 (tend) that some wild animals can only be found in original forests.
5.I can give a few examples as 　　　　 (illustrate) of the difficulty of our work.
6.My husband loves 　　　　 (adventure) life while I enjoy a more peaceful domestic life.
7.This latest interview was a further 　　　　 (prove) of how Cara was good at her job.
8.As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t charge you for 　　　　 (deliver).
9.Stepping into the 　　　　 (familiar) land of a new country, she felt a mix of excitement and nervousness.
10.The company is known for its 　　　　 (advance) research and development in artificial intelligence technologies.
【答案】 1.significance　2.usual　3.preference 4.tendency　5.illustrations　6.adventurous
7.proof　8.delivery　9.unfamiliar 10.advanced
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.　　　　　　　　(多亏) my teacher’s help, I have made great progress in my physics.
2.After graduation, I gradually　　　　　　　　 (与……失去联系) my old friends.
3.No matter what happens, 　　　　　　　　　　　　(记住) we are family.
4.We try to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (与……保持联系) each other through e-mails.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (无论你什么时候需要帮助), just call me.
【答案】 1.Thanks to　 2.lost track of 　3.keep in mind that　4.keep/stay in touch with
5.Whenever/No matter when you need help
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Sometimes I began to imagine: what if I and all of my friends were neighbours The more I’ve thought about it, the more I believe: we should all live close to our friends.
For the past century, the nuclear family, only including parents and children, has defined US homes.But Americans lived with friends and extended family long before the nuclear family became common.Even now, this mode of living exists somewhere; think of college campuses, which tend to be the kind of walkable communities where you’re regularly running into pals on the street.
While moving closer to friends would likely require a lot of efforts, doing so could actually be really good for you.Having supportive friends is connected with greater day-to-day happiness.Researchers have found that happiness spreads easily, especially among those who live close together.Friends living within a kilometre of each other are 25 percent more likely to feel happy, and their friends have a 10 percent chance of feeling happier too.Live around people who make you happy, and you might create a happiness circle that cheers up everyone around you.
Having a pal around is also just practical.For people with kids, a friend in the neighbourhood might be able to help with child care in times of need, saving you the cost of a last-minute babysitter.Those without children might welcome the chance to bond with friends’ kids.And for people who live alone, living closer to friends can make savings on some things easier.You might share household items you don’t need every day, for example.Whatever the reason, having more people you trust around will make it easier for you to get through difficult times.
Many people are prepared to move for a new job, to be with a romantic partner, or even just for an adventure.Moving to be closer to friends should be no different.Friends are important to a good life.So why not shorten the distance between you and them
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章讨论了与朋友住得近的好处,并鼓励人们搬到离朋友更近的地方居住。
(　　)1. Which was popular in the US before the nuclear family became common
[A] The one-parent family.
[B] The extended family only.
[C] The college campus community.
[D] The family group with relatives and friends.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句可知,在核心家庭普及之前,美国流行的是与亲戚和朋友一起生活的家庭群体。故选D。
(　　)2.What do the percentages in Paragraph 3 show about living closer to friends
[A] It spreads happiness among friends easily.
[B] It benefits one’s physical and mental health.
[C] It improves one’s awareness of family building.
[D] It increases one’s chances of making more new friends.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Researchers have found that happiness spreads easily... feeling happier too.”可知,这些百分比数据表明,与朋友住得近会让幸福感在朋友之间更容易传播。故选A。
(　　)3.What is the practical advantage of living near friends
[A] Greater personal growth.
[B] Lower living costs.
[C] More health care services.
[D] Better leisure activities.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,与朋友住得近的实际好处是可以降低生活成本。故选B。
(　　)4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
[A] To advise people to live in nuclear families.
[B] To call on people to maintain good friendships.
[C] To encourage people to live close to friends.
[D] To tell people how to turn friends into neighbours.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们搬到离朋友近的地方居住。故选C。Unit 4　课时作业(三)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The novel, written in　　　　 (简单的) language, is easy for children to understand,which makes it popular among them.
2.He spoke with great　　　　 (激情) about his vision for the future.
3.It was my　　　　 (伙伴) Tom who helped me go through the hard time when I broke my leg.
4.Use the mouse to 　　　　 (拖) the icon (图标) to a new position.
5.The hotel offers a friendly　　　　 (氛围) and personal service.
6.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the　　　　 (场景).
7.Strange things sometimes happen to　　　　 (普通的) people.
8.She believes that everything that happens in our lives is part of our 　　　　 (命运) and that we should embrace it with an open heart.
9.After years of hard work and saving, he finally accumulated a considerable 　　　　 (大笔的钱) that allowed him to retire early and live comfortably.
10.As the day progressed, the events of the conference began to 　　　　 (展开), revealing both successes and challenges ahead.
【答案】 1.plain　2.passion　3.partner　4.drag　5.atmosphere　6.scene　7.ordinary
8.destiny　9.fortune　10.unfold
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.I have been　　　　 (fortune) enough to visit many parts of the world as a lecturer.
2.The children were adapting themselves to their new　　　　 (surround).
3.She felt 　　　　 (shame) of her actions and apologised to everyone she had hurt.
4.He 　　　　 (bitter) regretted not having taken her advice and making a different decision.
5.She made an　　　　 (appoint) for her son to see the doctor.
6.Being　　　　 (patience) is an important part of learning a new skill.
7.She dealt with all the　　　　 (correspond) promptly and efficiently.
8.The company chose a prime 　　　　 (locate) for its new headquarters, ensuring easy access for employees and clients alike.
9.Her vibrant　　　　 (person) and infectious laughter made her the life of the party.
10.Being able to shine on a stage will for sure serve as a great　　　　 (inspire) for their future careers if they hold on.
【答案】 1.fortunate　2.surroundings　3.ashamed 4.bitterly　5.appointment　6.patient
7.correspondence　8.location　9.personality 10.inspiration
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.When I went to the library to look for the book I needed for my assignment, I couldn’t find it anywhere, but eventually it 　　　　　　　　 (出现) in the misfiled section.
2.The story　　　　　　　　　 (以……为背景) the autumn of 1997.
3.After several hours of error checking, the IT team finally　　　　　　　　(找到) a solution to the network outage.
4.She　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (为……感到羞愧) her past mistakes and vowed to make better choices in the future.
5.With hard work and determination, she eventually　　　　　　　　　　(发财).
【答案】 1.turned up　2.is set in　3.worked out　4.was/felt ashamed of　5.made a/her fortune
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
It’s said that making friends gets harder when you get older.People form their existing (现有的) friendships during childhood or at university.However,new research suggests that’s not what happens.According to a survey,the age group that feels least confident in chatting to strangers is those aged 18 to 24.Similarly,it was found that 59% of young people spend more time chatting to friends on social media than they do face to face in person.
Author and expert on friendship,Kate Leaver,said,“Young people are not confident when speaking to strangers, not only because they’re afraid of refusal,but also because they’ve really been not socially conditioned to it.Previous generations have a much stronger sense of community in public and shared spaces.We don’t have as much access (接触的机会) to that because the way we form our modern lives means we are less in touch with our communities.Shared public spaces like parks and libraries—places where people might get close to a stranger—are being shut down.”
Laura,27,who enjoys the company of her old friends,hates meeting new people.Most of her friends are from university days.“I’m pretty chatty and open when I get to know someone,but during the first meeting,I’m very shy.I get very anxious about what to talk about and worry that people do not understand my sense of humour.”
But not all young people feel the same way.Hayley always meets people in unusual ways and makes friends with them.“I became good friends with someone who I met on the plane,” she said.“It just shows how you can really connect when you’re offline.”
If you’re comfortable with your present friendship situation,that’s great.But,if you do want to enlarge your social circle,here are some tips.Avoid unpleasant silences by searching for people with common interests—join a book club or a local sports team.If it is too stressful,there are some social apps that you can use.Or you can start a conversation with someone in a public place.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。研究表明,并不是越长大越难交到朋友,现在的很多年轻人陷入了交友困境中。作者给出建议,如果想扩大交友圈,可以加入兴趣相投的群体。
(　　)1.What can we learn from the survey
[A] Building friendships in university is necessary.
[B] Teens spend less time on friends than before.
[C] Making friends gets harder on social media.
[D] Young people build friendships with difficulty.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后两句可知,通过调查可以得知,年轻人在建立友谊时存在困难。故选D。
(　　)2.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to
[A] A public space.
[B] A stranger.
[C] The sense of community.
[D] The social condition.
【答案】 C
【解析】 代词指代题。根据第二段中的“Previous generations have... and shared spaces.”以及“because the way we form our modern lives means we are less in touch with our communities”可知,前几代人在公共和共享空间里都有很强的群体意识,而我们这一代人形成现代生活的方式意味着我们与群体的接触更少了,因此群体意识相对更弱。由此可推知,此处的that指的是上文提到的“sense of community”。故选C。
(　　)3.What problem does Laura have in socialising
[A] She has no sense of humour.
[B] She fails to contact her old friends.
[C] She prefers to make new friends online.
[D] She is unwilling to get close to new people.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“hates meeting new people”和“but during the first meeting, I’m very shy...do not understand my sense of humour”可知,Laura在社交中的问题是因为自己的焦虑而不愿意与刚认识的人亲近。故选D。
(　　)4.What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
[A] Learning some skills on apps.
[B] Choosing friends carefully.
[C] Joining groups with shared interests.
[D] Keeping strong ties with old friends.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Avoid unpleasant silences by searching for people with common interests”以及下文给出的例子可知,作者建议要想扩大交友圈,可以选择加入有共同兴趣爱好的群体。故选C。

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