资源简介

(共35张PPT)
Unit 5
Into the unknown
Developing ideas—Reading
Learning objectives
1. To read and understand the history and development of human deep sea exploration and China's achievements in it;
2. To give a talk about the influences of ocean exploration on daily life.
Activity 1 Look at the picture and answer the questions. Do further research if necessary.
What different zones are there in the ocean
Which parts of the ocean do you think have been explored
What do you know about the deepest part of the ocean
200 m
1000 m
4000 m
6000 m
0 m
≈20℃
5-10℃
0-4℃
<0℃
Epipelagic Zone - The surface layer of the ocean is known as the epipelagic zone and extends from the surface to 200 metres (656 feet). It is also known as the sunlight zone because this is where most of the visible light exists. With the light comes heat. This heat is responsible for the wide range of temperatures that occur in this zone.
Mesopelagic Zone - Below the epipelagic zone is the mesopelagic zone, extending from 200 metres (656 feet) to 1,000 metres (3,281 feet). The mesopelagic zone is sometimes referred to as the twilight zone or the midwater zone. The light that penetrates to this depth is extremely faint. It is in this zone that we begin to see the twinkling lights of bioluminescent creatures. A great diversity of strange and bizarre fishes can be found here.
Bthypelagic Zone - The
next layer is called the
bathypelagic zone. It is
sometimes referred to as
the midnight zone or the dark zone. This zone extends from 1,000 metres (3,281 feet) down to 4,000 metres (13,124 feet). Here the only visible light is that produced by the creatures themselves. The water pressure at this depth is immense, reaching 5,850 pounds per square inch. In spite of the pressure, a surprisingly large number of creatures can be found here. Sperm whales can dive down to this level in search of food. Most of the animals that live at these depths are black or red in color due to the lack of light.
Abyssopelagic Zone - The next
layer is called the abyssopelagic zone,
also known as the abyssal zone or
simply as the abyss. It extends from 4,000 metres (13,124 feet) to 6,000 metres (19,686 feet). The name comes from a Greek word meaning “no bottom”. The water temperature is near freezing, and there is no light at all. Very few creatures can be found at these crushing depths. Most of these are invertebrates such as basket stars and tiny squids. Three-quarters of the ocean floor lies within this zone. The deepest fish ever discovered was found in the Puerto Rico Trench(海沟) at a depth of 27,460 feet (8,372 metres).
What different zones are there in the ocean
Which parts of the ocean do you think have been explored
What do you know about the deepest part of the ocean
The different zones in the ocean are Sunlight Zone, Twilight Zone, Midnight Zone and Abyssal Zone.
Sunlight Zone, Twilight Zone.
The deepest part of the ocean is Abyssal Zone. It is an area where the water depth is about 2,000–5,000 metres. The trench can be lowered to 6,000 metres. These very deep areas are sometimes called “Super-abyssal zones”. Actually it is the largest ecological region on earth.
Video: How deep is the ocean
Activity 2 Look at the pictures and guess what it is for.
Read the picture and discuss with your partner what information you get.
China’s new deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe, or Striver, set a national diving record of 10,909 metres in the Challenger Deep, a 11,000-metre chasm located at the bottom of the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean.
The successful sea trial verified the various functions and performances of the submersible as well as China’s breakthroughs in deep-sea equipment and technologies. It marked China’s entry into the first echelon of deep-sea scientific research and provided strong technical support for the country’s subsequent deep-sea research.
Video: Fendouzhe
Read the passage and find out what has been discovered in the ocean depths.
DIVING
DEEP
Activity 3 Skim the passage and match the main idea.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
We are entering a new age of oceanic discovery.
We have little knowledge of Earth’s sea bed.
Many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters.
There are extraordinary creatures in the deep sea.
The oceans are a valuable source of natural resources.
Activity 4 Read for structure
Para. 1: Introduce the topic.
Para. 2-4:
Ocean
__________.
Para. 2: the _______ of Neapolis
Para.3: amazing __________ discoveries
Para. 5: ___________ is entering a new age of oceanic discovery.
Humankind
ruins
Para.4: __________ of natural resources
biological
discovery
exploration
Diving deep
Activity 5 Scan the passage and complete the diagram.
OVER THE CENTURIES:
sailing across oceans to explore Earth’s furthest corners
Ocean exploration
MODERN AGE: exploring 1___________
deep sea
2______________ exploration
Finding ancient ruins in 3________________.
Working to overcome challenges and make
discoveries at 4______________.
Example:
5__________________________
Archaeological
shallow waters
vast depths
the ruins of Neapolis
6 _____________exploration
Containing about 90 per cent of 7_______________.
Helping comprehend 8____________________________.
Examples:
9 _______________
10 _______________
11___________________________________________
_________________
Biological
the planet’s fish
bone-white coral
the capacity for life on our planet
the barreleye
life to be found even around the deep-sea volcanic openings
Discovery of natural resources
Discovering new natural resources.
Studying 12 _________________.
Identifying areas for 13 ____________________.
Examples:
14 _______________________
15 _______________________
“fire ice”
deep-sea drilling
the sea bed
China’s underwater vessels
What writing skills are used in the passage
Statistics & examples
The discourse markers(语篇标记)
As you read, notice the discourse markers used in the text, eg in addition, also, however, furthermore, as well as. These markers function like road signs, helping you connect ideas and understand the writer’s attitude and opinions.
Activity 6 Read for writing skills
discourse markers
Statistics
Examples
whole city buried beneath the waves
the ancient Roman city of Neapolis
location:______________________
time: __________________
cause:__________________
off the coast of Tunisia
tsunami
the 4th century
Examples in para. 2
the ancient Roman city of Neapolis
Examples in para. 3
200 metres
dark zone
6000 metres deep
8000 metres
Name:________________________
Age: ________________________
Name:_____________
Features: _________________________________
barreleye
transparent forehead eyes can look upwards
bone-white coral
4000 years old
life to be found even around the deep sea vocalnic openings
Examples
Examples
Examples in para. 4
China’s achievements
New natural resource: __________
Underwater vessels: ___________________________
fire ice
Jiaolong & Shenhai Yongshi
Tip: The use of statistics and examples make the passage more convincing.
Activity 7 Give a talk about the influences of ocean exploration on your daily life.
1. Look at the diagram below and brainstorm examples of how ocean exploration affects your daily life.
Trade and economy
Cultural exchange
Transport and travel
Food and natural resources
Environment and conservation
Influences of ocean exploration
2. Organise your talk by completing the diagram with your examples.
Ocean exploration affects our daily life in many ways.
The air we breathe: The ocean produces over half of the world’s oxygen and absorbs 50 times more carbon dioxide than our atmosphere.
Climate regulation: Covering 70 percent of the Earth’s surface, the ocean transports heat from the equator to the poles, regulating our climate and weather patterns.
Food: The ocean provides more than just seafood; ingredients from the sea are found in surprising foods such as peanut butter and soymilk.
Medicine: Many medicinal products come from the ocean, including ingredients that help fight cancer, arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, and heart disease.
Recreation: From fishing to boating to kayaking and whale watching, the ocean provides us with many unique activities.
3. Give your talk to the class.

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