资源简介

(共39张PPT)
Unit 4
Everyday economics
Developing ideas
Learning objectives
In this class, you will be able to
understand the structure of the text and the author’s attitude;
master the usage of some key expressions;
talk about the benefits, problems and future of the sharing economy.
write an essay about non-cash payments.
Reading
Read Leo’s travel notes and answer: which trip do you think Leo enjoyed better Why
Expensive, lost, lonely, pity, uncertain
convenience brought by the sharing economy
Lead-in
Your understanding of the title
In everyday life, people share common items, joy or sorrows. With the rapid development of economy, goods, service and technologies etc. can be shared at competitive prices at the click of a button, which brings people more benefits.
Have in common
Tell sb.
Use/experience with sb
what
how
why
Thinking pattern
Pre-reading
Read the passage and match the paragraphs to their functions.
While-reading
1 We've been told since we were toddlers that “It's good to share”. Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys, snacks, books, happy memories, and sometimes even sorrow with others. When we grow up, we share photos, life stories and opinions with people around us and with those we don't know via social media. Taking it as an object of study, psychologists have published various papers stating that the behavior of sharing is beneficial to setting up positive emotional bonding.
Match the paragraphs to their functions and give your reasons.
event
topic
2 Today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning. It's not just about sharing sweets or frustration; it has expanded to almost every aspect of our lives—the whole world seems to be into sharing. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don't use ourselves all of the time. These vary from car shares to home shares, and even to pet shares. The sharing economy is taking off in all sorts of areas. It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them.
What is it + How is it done
3 This wealth of ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at the click of a button. Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock- bottom prices, or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there. Whether we're a lender or a borrower, it's a win -win situation; everyone makes or saves money. We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends. What’s more, sharing encourages us to reuse items, thereby cutting down on waste. And set- ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favor for the environment by reducing the number of polluting vehicles on the road.
4 But the sharing economy is not without its problems. As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market, often at the expense of more traditional and established companies. In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust. Some people have experienced damage to their properties whilst renting out their homes, and others have found themselves victims of theft or attack while sharing rides. Finally, personal data, the heart of the sharing economy, is not yet secure. Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives, including our names, locations, bank information, and individual preferences for goods and services. Yet, the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement, and the awareness of potential risks is low among both service providers and users.
Topic sentence + transition
5 Nonetheless, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy. It is expanding at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future. What will we be sharing next Who will be sharing and how And the most interesting question of all—what type of society will all this sharing take us to？
Structure and discourse analysis
What’s mine is yours
Introduction
Benefits of the sharing economy
Problems of the sharing economy
Conclusion and prediction
Lead to the topic
What is it
How is it done


How are the points organized
A two-sided argumentative essay
Think about the structure of the passage and complete the diagram.
quality goods and services at competitive prices
make connections
make new friends
encouraging people to reuse items
reducing pollution
1
2
3
4
In what order are the points organized
Point 1 This wealth of ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at the click of a button. Whether it's an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock- bottom prices, or a platform from which we can rent out our flats for a couple of days, it's out there.
Point 2 Whether we're a lender or a borrower, it's a win -win situation; everyone makes or saves money.
Point 3 We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends.
Point 4 What’s more, sharing encourages us to reuse items, thereby cutting down on waste. And set- ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favor for the environment by reducing the number of polluting vehicles on the road.
personal level
inter-personal level
environmental level
Support point 1
(convenience)
Benefits of the sharing economy
existing regulations or ongoing supervision
abuse of trust
almost every part of our lives
not yet secure
1
2
3
In what order are the points organized
But the sharing economy is not without its problems.
Point 1 As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity, the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market, often at the expense of more traditional and established companies.
Point 2 In addition, the sharing economy is subject to abuse of trust. Some people have experienced damage to their properties whilst renting out their homes, and others have found themselves victims of theft or attack while sharing rides.
Point 3 Finally, personal data, the heart of the sharing economy, is not yet secure. Sharing platforms collect personal information about almost every part of our lives, including our names, locations, bank information, and individual preferences for goods and services. Yet, the technology to prevent such information from leaking or being stolen still needs improvement, and the awareness of potential risks is low among both service providers and users.
problems of the sharing economy
Topic sentence + transition
Industrial development
social impact
Potential risks
Reading and writing skills to learn from
Introduction
Benefits of the sharing economy
Problems of the sharing economy
Conclusion and prediction
Lead to the topic
What is it
How is it done
Personal level
Inter-personal level
Environmental level
Industrial development
Social impact
Potential risks
Present (transition)
Possible future
Common organizational patterns
1. chronological时间
2. spatial 空间
3. order of importance
重要性
4. categorical/topical
分类/主题
5. comparison/contrast
比较/对比
6. problem-solution
问题-解决
7. cause-effect因果
8. psychological心理
8
8
4
4
structure
organization
Think and share
What’s the author’s attitude towards the sharing economy
The author acknowledges the benefits of the sharing economy, but he takes concern about the problems as well as is curious about the future of the sharing economy.
Post-reading
What will happen in the next 20 years as the world’s economy becomes ever more global and digital Consider the following:
◎ What will people be sharing next
◎ How will they be sharing these things
◎ Why: What benefits will people get from sharing these things
A possible version
As far as I know, with the world’s economy becoming more global and digital, sharing economy will exceed (超越) earlier items from the shared vehicles to shared housing, parking spaces, and household tools. Sharing clothing, and even the sharing of land planting are on the way.
Due to knowledge, data, resources and other contents, driven by Internet plus, the coverage of the sharing economy is becoming wider and richer, and cooperative contents have been formed, such as massive data management, mobile communication, and social media.
Sharing economy in different fields will inevitably (无可避免地) impact the traditional development model in these fields.
Language points
课文回顾：
We have been told to share things with others since we were toddlers, but today the action of sharing takes on extra meaning, varying from car shares to home shares and even to pet shares.
The sharing economy is taking off in all sorts of areas. We can benefit from _____. It meets people’s increasing demand for quality goods and services at _________ (compete) prices. It not only allows people _____________ (make) or save money and to make connections and even new friends but also favours the environment by reusing items and reducing the number of polluting _________(vehicle)
it
competitive
vehicles
to make
课文语法填空
on the road. However, the sharing economy has some problems. ________is often the case with new areas of economic activity, it is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision. Besides, it is subject ____ abuse of trust. What’s more, personal information about almost every part of our lives may ____________ (collect). _________ there are some problems with the sharing economy, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is ___________ (increasing) relevant to our daily lives and the global economy. It is expanding at such a rate that we can imagine______ it will comprise in the future.
As
to
be collected
Although
increasingly
what
1. Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys, snacks, books, happy memories, and sometimes even sorrows with others.
句意：家长和老师不断提醒我们与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍、快乐的回忆，有时甚至是悲伤。
Her friend was sorrowing over the loss of a child.
她的朋友在为失去孩子感到悲痛。
Roy told his sorrowful tale with simple words anybody could understand.
罗伊用简单的、人人都能理解的语言讲述了他那个
伤感的故事。
The detective always woke with a sense of deep/great sorrow and depressing loss.
这个私家侦探醒来时总是满怀哀愁，抑郁惆怅。
His father’s face looked suddenly soft and _________ (sorrow).
To be honest, I feel lonely because no one share my joys and ________(sorrow).
Sometimes I feel deep sorrow _____ the poor people in African countries.
【语法填空】
sorrow n.懊丧,懊恼,沮丧;伤心事　vt.感到悲伤
joys and sorrows 喜与悲
sorrowful 对……评价高；器重，看重
feel sorrow at/over 对……感到悲伤
feel sorrow for 为……感到悲伤
in deep/great sorrow 非常悲伤
for
sorrows
sorrowful
2. Today, the action of sharing takes on extra meaning.
句意：今天，分享的行为有了额外的意义。
No other department was able or willing to take on the job.
没有其他部门能够或乐意承担这项工作。
The sharing economy is taking off in all sorts of areas.
共享经济正在各个领域蓬勃发展。
take on 呈现（某种特征，面貌）；承担（责任）；开始雇佣某人
take off 脱下；飞机起飞；事业腾飞；休假
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗
take up 从事（职业）；占据（时间、空间）；
继续；接受（挑战；建议）
take over 接管；继承
In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my lovely home town, making it take ______ a new look.
The big table takes _____ too much room so that it was difficult to pass by.
She decided that I was the ideal person to take ______ the job.
He didn’t take ________ what he read because his mind was on something else.
The plane took _______ for LA, lost an engine as it climbed, and crashed just off the runway.
They are not always willing to take ____ untrained workers, but there’s no harm in asking.
用适当的介词或副词填空。
on
up
over
in
off
on
3. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don’t use ourselves all of the time.
3
句意：我们正在利用技术来减少我们在商品和服务上的花费，或者从那些我们一直不用的东西上赚钱。
句子结构分析
that引导定语从句
or连接两个并列的动词不定式
4. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market, often at the expense of more traditional and established companies.
句意：一些公司正在利用这种情况不公平地扩大市场份额，往往以牺牲传统和老牌公司为代价。
The estate was transformed at great expense.
庄园改建花了一大笔费用。
The payments he gets barely cover his expenses.
他几乎是入不敷出。
expense n.费用；花费
at the expense of 以损害……为代价
at one’s expense 由某人付费
spare no expense 不惜一切代价
I didn’t have enough money to pay the bus _____ that day.
The construction was built at public________.
The wealthy man admitted that he had left the waitress
a large _______.
I expect you have to pay your lawyer a fat ________.
【选词填空】
fare: 车、船费，（交通工具）票价；
fee:（付给专业人员，如医生、律师等的）酬金；入场费；
报名费；会费
tip: 小费；赏钱
expense: 支出，费用
fare
【易混辨析】
fee
tip
expense
Writing
Read and complete:
Definition of non-cash payments
No cash is involved when people are making their payments. People make their payments with cards, mobile phones and other electronic devices.
Benefits
Convenient and fast. Do not need to carry lots of heavy coins or dirty notes. No more worries about losing wallets.
Problems
Not safe enough and may lead to overconsumption. Some forms of electronic payments are restricted to the Internet. Potential inconvenience exists if the phone battery dies. Some forms are unfriendly to those who don’t know how to use electronic payments, especially the elderly.
Conclusion
Non-cash payments, or electronic payments, bring us a lot of advantages. However, the disadvantages can’t be ignored. Maybe we could try to use money less often, rather than replacing it with non-cash payments for ever. Meanwhile, we need to think of ways to make non-cash payments better, friendlier and more scientific.
Write an essay about non-cash payments.
如何写正反观点的议论文
话题特点
观点类作文需根据题目给出的观点，按照提纲的结构要求对其进行论证。一般开头提出问题，主体陈述不同的观点及其理由，结尾说明自己的观点。
2. 基本框架
开头：阐述标题中涉及的现象并且提出问题。
主体：两种选择以及其理由或者优缺点。
结尾：综合前面的分析，表明自己的态度或者做法，并且简述选择的理由。
3. 话题词汇
Some... Others... 一些人……另一些人……
hold different opinions 持有不同的观点
in favour of 支持
from my point of view/In my opinion 依我看来
In conclusion 总之
Every coin has two sides. 凡事都有利弊。
4. 话题句式
The topic of ... is becoming more and more popular recently. People hold different opinions about it.
Some people say they are in favour of ...They hold the view that...
What’s more,...
Others think that... Firstly,... Secondly,...
From my point of view, I think...
Obviously, there are many benefits of non-cash payments. First, they are so convenient and fast that people could make almost all the payments with a single click on their smartphones. In some shopping centres, they can pay by simply standing in front of a camera and let it recognise their face. Second, non-cash payments are safe and hygienic. They free people from carrying heavy coins and dirty notes, or even a wallet.Therefore, the risk of losing money or the wallet is not a threat any more. What is more, non-cash payments eliminate the risk of counterfeit money.
Nowadays, non-cash payments are becoming more and more popular across the world, especially in china. It refers to the method of making payments with cards, mobile phones and other electronic devices. New ways of supporting non-cash payments are quickly turning up one after another.
Sample
non-cash payments might not be quite safe as people have assumed, as it is not that hard for hackers to access people’s bank account and steal the money. It is also easier for your personal information to be stolen, which may bring great trouble. Meanwhile, to some degree, non-cash payments encourage over-consumption. They also depend too much on the Internet access or battery capacity-just imagine being at a place with no wi-fi and a flat battery, how can people make payments via their computers or smartphones then Last but not least,
However, as the old saying goes, every coin has two sides, and so does the non-cash payments, even though they don't require a coin. The problems that accompany non-cash payments should not be ignored. When thinking it further,
society. The current trend is for more non-cash payments, and this trend will probably continue in the future. But embracing a new trend doesn’t mean to exclude the “old-fashioned” ways. Perhaps it is more convenient for everyone- young and old, men and women- to have various options, in both cash and non-cash forms, when it comes to making payments, for the better good.
non-cash payments aren’t quiet friendly with people not knowing how, especially the elderly. It is such a pity to make them feel excluded and left out.
Nonetheless, non-cash payments are increasingly part of our fast-growing modern

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