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Unit 5 Section B 重点单词、短语及提升练习
一、 核心词汇与词形转化（Section B 背默必考）
词形转化与延伸考点
1.worst adj./adv.最坏的；最糟的 bad (adj.坏的) → worse (adj./adv.更坏的) → worst (最高级)反义词组：best (最好的)
2.refuse v.拒绝；退却 refusal (n.拒绝) 搭配：refuse to do sth. (拒绝做某事)
3.security n.安全；保安；保障 secure (adj.安全的 v.保护)衍生词：security guard (保安人员)
4.guard n.卫兵；保卫 v.保卫guardian (n.监护人；保护者)搭配：keep guard (站岗) / guard against (提防)
5.scream v.尖叫 screamed (过去式/过去分词) / screaming (现在分词) 近义词：shout (呼喊)
6.thankfully adv.幸亏；感激地thankful (adj.感激的) thank (v.感谢)
7.knowledge n.知识；学问knowledgeable (adj.知识渊博的)
8.thinking n.思考；想法 think (v.思考；认为) thought (n.想法 v.思考的过去式)
9.hero n.英雄；偶像 heroic (adj.英雄般的) 复数形式：heroes (以-o结尾加-es变复数)
10.landslide n.滑坡；塌方 合成词：land(陆地) + slide(滑动)
11.rescue v./n.救援；营救 搭配：rescue team (救援队) / come to one's rescue (前来援救某人)
12.sudden adj.突然的；骤然的suddenly (adv.突然地)搭配：all of a sudden (突然，相当于 suddenly)
13.terribly adv.非常糟地；非常terrible (adj.糟糕的；可怕的）
能力提升实战练
任务一：阅读理解（A篇）
题材：海啸预警与自救（Tilly Smith 故事原型改编）
The Girl Who Stopped a Tsunami
In 2004, a 10-year-old British schoolgirl named Tilly Smith was walking along the beach in Thailand with her family. Suddenly, she noticed something strange. The sea water was pulling back far from the shore, and there was thick white froth on the waves. To most tourists, it looked beautiful, but to Tilly, it looked like a nightmare she had studied in geography class.
"Mom, Dad, run! It's a tsunami!" she screamed. Her parents were shocked but trusted her quick thinking. They warned others to get back. Thanks to Tilly's knowledge, hundreds of people ran to higher ground before the huge wall of water crashed onto the beach. Scientists later said that if Tilly hadn't recognized the signs, the death toll would have been much higher. It shows that school knowledge can sometimes be a matter of life and death.
1. What did Tilly notice that seemed strange to her
A. Fish swimming near the shore.
B. The sea pulling back and white froth.
C. People playing volleyball.
D. A boat sinking in the distance.
2. How did Tilly know about the tsunami signs
A. From a movie she watched.
B. From her geography class.
C. From her parents' warning.
D. From a security guard.
3. The phrase "death toll" in the last paragraph means ______.
A. the number of people who died
B. the speed of the water
C. the height of the waves
D. the noise of the wind
4. What is the main purpose of this passage
A. To describe the beauty of Thailand beaches.
B. To teach people how to swim in the ocean.
C. To show how knowledge can save lives.
D. To warn people about dangerous animals.
任务二：阅读理解（B篇）
题材：地震逃生与心理描写（记叙文）
Trapped But Safe
Jason was doing his homework when the earthquake hit. At first, it was just a slight shake, but it quickly became terribly violent. Books fell off shelves, and the lights went out. Jason's heart was beating fast. He wanted to rush out of the door, but the building was swaying (摇晃) so much that he couldn't stand straight.
Instead of running blindly, Jason remembered the safety drill at school. He dived under his sturdy wooden desk and held on tight. He could hear glass breaking and people screaming outside. It felt like hours, but it was only 45 seconds. When the shaking stopped, Jason realized he was trapped. The door was blocked by a fallen cabinet. He took a deep breath, kept silent, and used his phone to call for help. Two hours later, rescuers managed to pull him out. "My quick thinking kept me calm," Jason said later.
1. What was Jason doing when the earthquake started
A. Watching TV.
B. Cooking dinner.
C. Doing homework.
D. Playing video games.
2. Why didn't Jason run out of the door immediately
A. Because he was too scared to move.
B. Because the building was swaying violently.
C. Because he was waiting for his parents.
D. Because he forgot his shoes.
3. Where did Jason stay during the earthquake
A. Under the bed.
B. Under the dining table.
C. Under his desk.
D. In the bathroom.
4. Which word best describes Jason according to the story
A. Careless and lazy.
B. Brave and quick-thinking.
C. Angry and upset.
D. Silly and slow.
任务三：语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Mountain Rescue
It was a cold winter afternoon. Mr. Li was hiking in the mountains when he suddenly slipped and fell. He hurt his leg 1.________ (bad) and couldn't move. The sun was setting, and the temperature was dropping 2.________ (quick).
Luckily, a group of students was also hiking nearby. They heard Mr. Li's 3.________ (scream) for help. Instead of 4.________ (panic), the leader of the group, Wang Lei, kept calm. He asked two students to stay with Mr. Li and keep him warm, while he and another student rushed back to the village 5.________ (get) help.
When they arrived at the village, they told the security guard 6.________ had happened. The guard called the rescue team right away. 7.________ (thankful), the team arrived in 20 minutes. They carried Mr. Li down the mountain safely.
Mr. Li thanked the students 8.________ saving his life. He said, "Thanks 9.________ their quick action and knowledge of first aid, I am safe now." The local newspaper reported the story, calling the students 10.________ (hero).
【参考答案】
阅读理解
A篇 (The Girl Who Stopped a Tsunami): 1-B, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C
B篇 (Trapped But Safe): 1-C, 2-B, 3-C, 4-B
语法填空
1. badly (副词修饰动词hurt)
2. quickly (副词修饰dropping)
3. screams (名词复数，表示多次尖叫)
4. panicking (instead of 后接动名词)
5. to get (不定式表目的)
6. what (宾语从句引导词，表示“所……的事”)
7. Thankfully (副词作状语，修饰整个句子)
8. for (thank sb. for doing sth.)
9. to (thanks to 固定搭配)
10. heroes (复数，指代学生们)

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