资源简介

(共52张PPT)
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
单元词汇复现
emergency； effect；destroy；ruin；damage；bury；supply
Natural disasters，like drought，flood，typhoons，and earthquakes，are becoming more
frequent nowadays.They have bad 1.______________ on humans’ life，making us suffer from terrible injuries and serious 2.___________. The Tangshan earthquake in 1976 shocked the world then—about 90 percent of the homes in the city 3._________________，and electricity was hard to get because power was cut off. A large city lay in 4._________. Millions of people were affected and had to face death. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. Thankfully，150，000 soldiers were sent to start rescue work. They dug out those who were trapped，5.____________ the dead and built shelters for those who survived the disaster. The tireless efforts paid off. Slowly，the city began to breathe again.
In this fight，humans showed great courage and wisdom. And what we learned from the disaster is to keep first aid kit on hand in case of 6.______________. When a disaster strikes a place，it’s usually difficult to deliver food and 7.______________ within a short time，but as long as we stay calm，positive and united，no disaster will defeat us.
effects
damage
were destroyed
ruins
buried
emergency
supplies
1. shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 (shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的)
核心词汇多维讲练
(1)in shock吃惊；震惊
to one’s shock令某人震惊的是
shock freeze sb 惊得某人僵住
cultural shock文化冲击
(2)be shocked at sth/that…
对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth
因做某事而感到震惊
听到家乡被飓风摧毁的消息，她吓得脸色苍白。
She paled with shock at the news that her hometown was destroyed by the hurricane.(读后续写之神情描写)
[单句语法填空]
(1)All of us were ______________ at the ______________ news that many deaths had been caused by the flood. (shock)
(2)“Hagrid!” said Harry，shocked ______________ (see) Hagrid shaking with grief，great tears leaking down into his beard.
(3)Every staff member was ______________ shock when hearing they would take a test on Sunday instead of a picnic.
[微写作·背诵]
(4)门猛地一开，一只小狗冲了进来。这让Mia在说话中途愣住了。她睁大眼睛，张开嘴巴，流露出惊讶的神情，随后发出一声惊叹，将惊讶之情转变为欣喜的难以置信。
The door swung open，and a puppy bounded in—__________________ mid-sentence. Her wide eyes and parted lips showed the surprise，before a gasp escaped，_________________________
___________________. (读后续写之表情、神态描写)
shocked
shocking
to see
in
shock froze Mia
turning shock into
delighted disbelief
2. trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
(1)be trapped in 被困在……
trap sb into doing sth
诱使某人做某事
(2)fall into/get out of a trap落入/摆脱圈套
lay/set a trap (for)
(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套
这位可怜的幸存者设下了一个简单的陷阱，试图抓住一只兔子来充饥，但却是白费力气。
The poor survivor laid/set a simple trap，attempting to catch a rabbit to satisfy his hunger，but in vain.(读后续写之动作描写)
[单句语法填空]
(1) You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them，and what ___________ (trap) they encountered that you should avoid. (2023·新课标Ⅰ，阅读理解)
(2)______________ (trap) in the ruins for two days，the girl constantly held a positive attitude，firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue.
[微写作·背诵]
(3)“小心脚下!”Lily大喊道。Tom不小心被一个隐藏的陷阱绊倒，掉进了一个浅坑里。“哎哟!这是谁设的 ”他嘟囔着，揉着膝盖，Lily俯身过去帮忙。
“Watch your step!” Lily yelled. Tom ____________________________，falling into a shallow pit. “Ouch! Who set this ” he grumbled，rubbing his knee as Lily leaned down to help.(读后续写之细节描写)
traps
Trapped
tripped over a hidden trap
3. bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；掩藏 (burial n.埋葬；葬礼)
bury sth in把某物埋在……
bury oneself in=be buried in埋头于；专心于(同义表达：commit oneself to…/devote oneself to…/sb be absorbed in…)
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
(1)自毕业以来，她一直埋头于文物保护和修复工作，为这一领域作出了巨大贡献。
Ever since graduation，she has been buried in/buried herself in cutural relic protection and restoration work，making great contributions in this field.(话题写作之人物介绍)
(2)父亲双手插在口袋里踱步进来。
Father paced in，his hands buried in his pockets.(2021·新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ，读后续写)
[单句语法填空]
(1)The young man，who also seemed deeply buried ______________ thought，raised his eyes.(读后续写之动作描写)
(2)______________ (bury) in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained lots of useful knowledge.
(3)Hearing the bad news，she buried her face in her hands and burst into tears.(读后续写之动作描写)
→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，______________ her face in her hands.(用现在分词作状语改写)
→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，with her face ______________ in her hands.(用with的复合结构改写)
→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，her face ______________ in her hands.(用独立主格结构改写)
in
Buried
burying
buried
buried
[微写作·背诵]
(4)我们在花园里挖了一个小坑，轻轻地将那只流浪小猫瘦小的身躯埋了进去。泪水模糊了我们的双眼，我们用泥土将其掩埋，轻声说着再见——我们埋葬的不只是一个生命，还有它所带来的短暂的欢乐。
We dug a small hole in the garden，______________________________________. Tears blurred
our eyes as we covered it with soil，whispering goodbye—_________________________________
_____________________.(读后续写之细节描写)
gently burying the stray kitten’s tiny body
burying not just a life，but the
brief joy it brought
4. suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 (suffering n.疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难 sufferer n.受难者；患者)
(1)suffer from…
患……病；受……苦
(2)suffer作及物动词时，意思同experience(体验；经历)，其后可跟pain、 defeat、 hardship等词作宾语；suffer from中的from表示原因，意为“因……而受苦”。
我的老师感叹道：“在写作的过程中，你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是这些磨难使你的意志更加坚强。”
My teacher exclaimed，“In the process of writing，you must have suffered defeats and hardships. It is the sufferings that make you more strong-willed.”(2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ，读后续写)
[单句语法填空]
(1)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered ______________ terrible back pain. (2024·新课标Ⅰ，阅读理解)
(2)Weeks after the storm’s fury finally subsided，they began to recover slowly from their
nightmare of pain and ______________ (suffer).
(3)People ______________ (suffer) from air pollution in some big cities—where factory emissions and heavy traffic fumes fill the air，leaving a stuffy，gray haze—find it hard to get fresh oxygen，so they badly need more green spaces.
[微写作·背诵]
(4)一只流浪狗蜷缩在一张长椅下，正忍受着刺骨的寒冷。它瑟瑟发抖的身体和微弱的呜咽声透露出了它的痛苦。
A stray dog huddled under a bench，_____________________________. Its shivering body and faint whimpers revealed the suffering.(读后续写之细节描写)
from
suffering
suffering
suffering from the biting cold
5. survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长 (survivor n.幸存者 survival n.幸存；生还)
survive on靠……存活下来
survive sth
幸免于；从……中活下来
A survives B (by＋时间)
A比B活得长(……)
生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。
Life isn’t about how to survive the storm； it’s about learning to dance in the rain.(读后续写之主旨升华)
[单句语法填空]
(1)The ______________ owed his ______________ to a TV program，which taught what ______________ when trapped in the wild.(survive)
(2)Had it managed to find its way back home，or was it still out there somewhere struggling ______________ (survive) (2023·浙江1月，读后续写)
[微写作·背诵]
(3)一家人被困在倒塌的木屋里，他们奋力求生。由于墙壁上出现的一道裂缝让空气得以进入，他们的生存状况得以改善，最终在救援人员的呼喊声中，他们的绝望转为了希望。
A family trapped in the collapsed cabin __________________. Their survival，aided by a crack in the wall letting in air，turned despair to relief when rescuers finally called out.(读后续写之细节描写)
survivor
survival
to survive
to survive
fought to survive
6. strike vi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
(1)be struck with/by
被……所打动/袭击
It strikes sb that…
某人觉得……；某人突然想起……(同义短语：It hits/occurs to/dawns on sb that…)
sth strikes sb 某人想到……
strike while the iron is hot
趁热打铁
(2)on strike罢工
我的朋友们都被一只小鸟和它的救命恩人之间的深厚联系深深打动了。
My friends were all deeply struck by/with the profound bond between a little bird and her saver.(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)
[单句语法填空]
(1)The workers are coming out ______________ strike for higher wages，which is a shock to the government.
(2)______________ (strike) by your talent for music，I can hardly wait to invite you to the music festival.
(3)______________ struck/hit/occurred to me that we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day.
[微写作·背诵]
(4)寒冷侵袭了那个卖火柴的小女孩，她的手指冻得发青，摸索着点燃一根火柴。火苗忽明忽暗地燃烧起来，片刻间，暖意轻吻着她冰冷的脸颊——但随后火焰熄灭了，只留下冬天那刺骨的寒冷，她伸手去拿另一根火柴来点燃。
___________________________________，her fingers blue as she fumbled to strike one. The flame sputtered to life，and for a moment，warmth kissed her chilled cheeks—then it died，leaving only the bitter bite of winter as she ___________________________________. (读后续写之细节描写)
on
Struck
It
Cold struck the little match girl
reached for another match to strike
1. as if引导的虚拟语气
(教材原句)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临!
核心句型多维运用
(1)as if/though引导表语从句时常放在look、 seem等系动词之后。
(2)as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句所描述的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句谓语用陈述语气；如果从句所描述的情况是不真实的或极少可能发生的，从句谓语用虚拟语气。
当as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
[语段填空]
(1)Listen，the whistle of an ambulance； it seems ______________________________ (仿佛发生了紧急情况一般).
(2)When a pencil is partly put into water，it looks ______________________ (好像断了似的).
(3)At the bad news，Mary froze with shock，_______________________________ (仿佛深深扎根于地面).
(4)It seemed that the bird was waiting for me，its beady eyes locked on mine _________________
_______________________________________ (仿佛试图传达某种深深的、不言而喻的感激之情). (2023·浙江1月，读后续写)
as if there were an emergency
as if it were broken
as if rooted to the ground
as if trying to
convey some deep and unspoken gratitude
[微写作·背诵]
(5)靠近房子的时候，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，神色落寞。好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。
Upon approaching the house，I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck，looking sad. _________________________________________.(读后续写之情绪描写)
It seemed as if something unpleasant happene
2. be doing…when…
(教材原句)I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我正和我的三个孩子吃早饭，这时海水突然开始灌入屋内。
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还常用于以下句型：
(1)be about to do…when…
正要做……突然……
(2)had (just) done…when…刚做完……这时突然……
(1)be on the point of doing ＋ when表示“正要做 A(动作已到临界点)，突然发生 B”，语气更强调 “即将发生的瞬间”。
(2)be going to do ＋ when表示 “打算 / 将要做 A，突然发生 B”，但 “be going to do” 更侧重 “有计划的将来”，而 “be about to do” 侧重无计划、更突发。
[语段填空]
(1)He _______________________________ (正要去关灯) when he heard a strange noise outside.
(2)They were having dinner _______________________________________ (一个陌生人突然敲响了门).
(3)We _____________________________________________ (刚从着火的房子里逃出来) it fell to the ground and we were frightened out of our wits.(读后续写之心理描写)
[微写作·背诵]
(4)我手里捧着罐子，正匆忙上楼梯时，我的一只脚突然被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡，努力想稳住自己，但是没用。罐子从指间滑落，摔在了坚硬如石的泥地上。我刚要去捡起碎片，就听到妈妈的声音：“发生了什么事 ”
With the jar in my hands，I ____________________________________ one of my feet was caught on one stair. Losing balance，I tried to steady myself，but in vain. The jar slipped through my fingers，and smashed on the hard-as-rock mud floor. I ___________________________________ I heard my mom’s voice，“What’s happening ”(读后续写之片段描写)
was about to turn off the light
when a stranger knocked at the door
had (just) escaped from the burning house when
was walking upstairs in a hurry when
was about to pick up the pieces when
　　在近几年发生的山火和地震灾害中涌现出了很多青年逆行者，如00后消防员、00后志愿者等。你校正在组织以“We Must Embrace Our Duties”为主题的英语征文活动，请你投稿，内容包括：1.青年榜样的突出品质；2.呼吁年轻人向他们学习。
写作能力多维训练
应用文写作——自然灾害与救援
【完成句子】
1.我在网上冲浪时，一篇关于00后消防员和00后志愿者的报道吸引了我的注意。(be doing…when…)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was browsing online when a report about post-00s firefighters and volunteers caught my attention.
2.这则报道着重介绍了许多地方在山火和地震期间挺身而出的青年英雄，他们是勇敢和强烈责任感的典范。(highlight； step forward； 定语从句)
The report highlighted numerous young heroes stepped forward during mountain fires and earthquakes in many places，who exemplified courage and a strong sense of duty.
3.尽管00后似乎是最具反抗精神的一代，但面对自然灾害时，他们的行动讲述了他们不同的一面。(it seems as if； defiant)
While it seems as if the post-00s are the most defiant generation，their actions in the face of natural calamities tell a different story.
4.他们冒着生命危险去营救那些被困在地震废墟或洪水中的人们，而将自己的安全置之度外。(be trapped in ruins； put sth/sb at risk； 分词作状语)
They have put their lives at risk to save those trapped in earthquake ruins or floods，casting aside their own safety.
5.深受他们故事的影响，我呼吁所有年轻人向他们学习，承担起我们的责任。(be affected with/by；分词作状语)
Deeply affected by their stories，I call on every young person to learn from them and embrace our duties.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
We Must Embrace Our Duties
I was browsing online when a report about post-00s firefighters and volunteers caught my attention. The report highlighted numerous young heroes stepped forward during the mountain fires and earthquakes in many places，who exemplified courage and a strong sense of duty.
While it seems as if the post-00s are the most defiant generation，their actions in the face of natural calamities tell a different story. They have put their lives at risk to save those trapped in earthquake ruins or floods，casting aside their own safety. These individuals have not only met but exceeded societal expectations，commanding our utmost respect and admiration.
Deeply affected by their stories，I call on every young person to learn from them and embrace our duties. By doing so，we can each make a meaningful contribution to society.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.appreciate vt.感激；感谢
2.appreciation n.感激；感谢
3.grateful/thankful adj.感激的；感谢的
4.gratefully/thankfully adv.感激地；感谢地
5.gratitude/thanks n.感激；感谢
6.move/touch vt.使感动
7.moving/touching adj.令人感动的
8.moved/touched adj.感动的
9.a growing sense of pride 愈发强烈的自豪感
读后续写——情感细节描写：感激与感动
【语料积累】
10.well up (泪水、情感等)涌出
11.roll down without control 无法控制地滚落下来
12.sweep over (情感、感觉等)席卷
13.shed tears of gratitude 流下感激的眼泪
14.touch sb deeply 深深打动了某人
15.fill sb with gratitude 让某人心中充满感激
16.be moved by 被……感动
17.be moved/touched to tears 感动得落泪
18.have a deep gratitude towards… 对……深怀感激
19.with gratitude/appreciation 感激地
20.owe sb a lot/a great deal 非常感激某人
【单句填空】
1.正是因为他冒着生命危险救了我，我才流下了感激的眼泪。
It was because he risked his life to save me that __________________________.
2.我被他所做的事深深地感动了，感觉眼泪无法控制地滚落下来。
Deeply moved/touched by what he had done，I _______________________________________.
3.她热泪盈眶，哽咽着一遍又一遍地感谢他。
______________________________，she thanked him again and again with a lump in her throat.(with复合结构)
4.寒冷的日子里，一种温暖的感觉席卷了Peter，他开始相信每个角落都有善意。
_____________________________________ on the cold day，he began to believe there was kindness in every corner.(独立主格结构)
5.每与这里的成员结识，身为这个杰出团队的一员，我心中的自豪感便愈发强烈，大家的双眼中都熠熠闪耀着奉献精神的光芒。
With each person I met，I ____________________________ as part of this extraordinary team，whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes. (外研版选必二U4)
I shed tears of gratitude
felt tears rolling down without control
With tears welling up in her eyes
A feeling of warmth sweeping over Peter
felt a growing sense of pride
【语篇填空】
Last week，I was feeling down because I didn’t do well on my math test. When I got home，I found a note from my mom on my desk. It said，“I believe in you. Don’t give up!” Her
simple words 1.___________________ (深深打动了我). I realised how much she cared about me and believed in my abilities. The next day，I studied even harder，determined to do better. My mom’s encouragement 2._______________________ (让我心中充满感激) and gave me the
strength to keep going. 3.__________________________________ (我被她的爱和支持感动)，and I promised myself I wouldn’t disappoint her.
touched me deeply
filled me with gratitude
I was moved by her love and support
课时作业
课时作业5　[必修第一册　Unit 4 Natural Disasters]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
答案 C B D D D C A D A B D C G D E C F
答案速对
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A★
体裁 题材 难度 建议用时 答案 得分
说明文 极地涡旋 ★★ 7 min P34
　　As a shift in the polar vortex (极地涡旋) swept across much of the US，many people in the country were hit with a sudden snap of cold. Heavy ice and snow coupled with fallen trees caused the outages in major cities，with companies unable to tell their customers when power will be restored.
Polar vortices were noticed long ago. But the first known use of the term “polar vortex” was in a magazine in 1853.Polar vortices are present year-round，but we don’t hear about them until they cause problems. They maintain freezing temperatures at the North and South Poles by moving in tight anticlockwise patterns. Polar vortices grow stronger in winter and weaken in summer. They are kept in place at the poles by another atmospheric current called the jet stream. However，when the jet streams weaken，the cold winds of the polar vortex are pushed southwards and it is during this time that people begin to pay attention!
In Texas，roads froze over，causing six traffic deaths，and many schools were shut down. People are not the only Earthlings to struggle with the cold. Crops and animals are also freezing. This could have major consequences，especially if herds of cattle die. If snow blocks cattle，the animals can’t reach basic necessities like food and fresh water.
On a brighter note，some Texas cities were more prepared than others，for instance，Amarillo，which is located in North Texas，so they are more accustomed to colder temperatures. Amarillo is notable because the city was redesigned to stand up to severe winter storms. Officials have spread out fire stations to increase coverage of first responders，employed modified dump trucks for clearing ice，and upgraded civic centres to provide shelter during storms. Hopefully，other Texas cities will follow the good example set by Amarillo!
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了极地涡旋会给人类的生命和财产带来巨大的威胁，但是好在人类已采取有效措施积极应对。
(　　)1.What does the underlined word “outages” refer to in Paragraph 1
A.Traffic jams. 　 B.Power struggles.
C.Power cuts. 　 D.Traffic accidents.
【解析】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“with companies unable to tell their customers when power will be restored”可知，outages意为“断电”。
C
(　　)2.What can we learn about polar vortices
A.They grow stronger in summer. B.They are affected by jet streams.
C.They were first observed in 1853. D.They move in a clockwise direction.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are kept in place at the poles by…However，when the jet streams weaken，the cold winds of the polar vortex are pushed…!”可知，极地涡旋会受到急流的影响。
B
(　　)3.What is the last but one paragraph mainly about
A.The definition of the polar vortex.
B.The characteristics of the polar vortex.
C.The ways to deal with the polar vortex.
D.The serious impact made by the polar vortex.
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“In Texas，roads froze over，causing six traffic deaths，and many schools were shut down…Crops and animals are also freezing.”可知，本段主要讲述的是极地涡旋造成的严重影响。
D
(　　)4.Why is Amarillo striking
A.Because it is located in the north of Texas.
B.Because it has been upgraded and modernised.
C.Because it has been regarded as an example to other cities.
D.Because it has taken effective measures to resist winter storms.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Amarillo is notable because the city was redesigned to…to provide shelter during storms.”可知，阿马里洛引人注目是因为它已采取有效措施应对冬季风暴。
D
B★
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记叙文 一名气候难民的记述 ★★★ 8 min P34
　　I wasn’t prepared to be a climate refugee. Not after relocating my family from drought- and wildfire-plagued California to the “climate shelter” of Asheville，N.C. But less than two months after we moved into our delightfully wooded，mild-weather community，we were forced to leave.
On 26 September，the hurricane made its way inland from the Gulf of Mexico through Florida，Georgia and South Carolina. Along its path，it tore apart community after community. And then it hit western Appalachia. At 2，000 feet above sea level and 300 miles from the coast，Asheville is a place where people went to get away from destructive hurricanes.
That night，I couldn’t sleep. Trees crashed down around my home as emergency alerts sounded on my phone. Power lines went down. Roads flooded. Despite being within a mile of the French Broad River，we were not told to evacuate (撤离) ahead of the storm.
In the morning，after it seemed the worst had passed，a large pine tree crashed onto the roof directly above my young son’s bedroom while he was playing with LEGOs. He was thankfully unharmed，but it drove home the severity of what was happening around us. My young daughter held me tightly saying over and over，“I’m scared.”
It was hard to get information about what was going on across Asheville. Within hours，we lost power，Internet and even cell service. A neighbour told me we could get information on the radio，so I sat in my car to listen to the local radio station’s updates. That’s how I learnt that the water wasn’t safe to drink. The treatment plant was under eight feet of water and the distribution pipes had washed away.
When we heard it would take weeks or longer to restore basic services，I made plans for my family to leave town. We were lucky—we lived near the one highway that was open，and had a full tank of gas and a place to go. So on Sunday we left Asheville to stay with family on the Outer Banks.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家从加州搬到阿什维尔寻求气候安全，却因飓风导致被迫再次迁移的经历，反映了气候变化下人们生活的艰难与无奈。
(　　)5.The author moved to Asheville，N.C. to 　　　　　　.
A.get closer to the Gulf of Mexico
B.find a new job in South Carolina
C.live near the French Broad River
D.flee California’s drought and wildfire
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I wasn’t prepared to be a climate refugee. Not after relocating my family from drought-and wildfire-plagued California to the ‘climate shelter’ of Asheville，N.C.”可知，作者搬到北卡罗来纳州的阿什维尔是为了逃离加利福尼亚州的干旱和野火。
D
(　　)6.What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph mean
A.The family realised the pleasure of playing with LEGOs.
B.The family decided to stay in the house despite the danger.
C.The family felt alarmed at the sight of the tree crashing down.
D.The family became more at ease about the situation at that time.
【解析】 句义猜测题。根据画线句前面的“a large pine tree crashed onto the roof directly above my young son’s bedroom while he was playing with LEGOs”及画线句本身可推知，这句话意味着家人在看到树倒下的情景时感到惊恐。
C
(　　)7.What can be inferred from Paragraph 5
A.Timely access to information is important during a disaster.
B.The treatment plant is supposed to be built deep underwater.
C.People must depend on neighbours for survival in a disaster.
D.Protecting water resources promotes a sense of community.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“It was hard to get information about what was going on…to listen to the local radio…That’s how I learnt that the water wasn’t safe to drink.”可知，在灾难期间，阿什维尔的信息很难获取，作者通过收音机才知道水不能饮用了。由此推知，在灾难期间及时获取信息是很重要的。
A
(　　)8.What is the best title for the passage
A.Consequences of a Hurricane
B.Measures against the Disaster
C.A New Beginning in Asheville
D.An Account of a Climate Refugee
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“I wasn’t prepared to be a climate refugee.”以及后文描述作者一家因气候灾害而被迫离开阿什维尔的经历可知，文章主要讲述了作者作为一名气候难民的经历。因此D项“一名气候难民的记述”适合作为本文标题。
D
C★
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说明文 地震预测 ★★★ 7 min P34
　　Earthquake forecasting is one of the most ancient skills known to mankind. From ancient Greece to the present day，countless scientists have tried to develop tools to predict earthquakes. Their attempts usually focused on searching for reliable evidence of coming quakes.
However，there are many reasons why predicting quakes is so hard. “We don’t understand some basic physics of earthquakes，” said Egill，a research professor at the California Institute of Technology. Scientists have also attempted to create mathematical models of movement，but precisely predicting would require great mapping and analysis of the Earth’s crust. Other challenges include a lack of data on the early warning signs，given that these warning signs are not yet entirely understood. Actually，real earthquake prediction is very similar to the diagnosis of potential human illnesses based on observing and analysing each patient’s signs and symptoms. As it turns out，quake prediction is extremely difficult.
Many sources show that earthquake forecasting was a recognised science in ancient Greece. Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature and were able to detect unusual phenomena and forecast earthquakes. The first known forecast was made by Pherecydes of Syros about 2，500 years ago： he made it as he scooped water from a well and noticed that usually very clean water had suddenly become muddy. Indeed，an earthquake occurred two days later，making Pherecydes famous. Nowadays，seismic (地震的) and remote-sensing methods are considered to have the greatest potential in terms of solving the earthquake prediction problem.
Currently，Terra Seismic can identify a forthcoming earthquake with a high level of confidence. Generally，Terra Seismic does not predict a quake if the earthquake’s epicenter is located beyond a depth of 40 kilometres. Fortunately，such quakes are almost always harmless，since the quake’s energy reduces before reaching the Earth’s surface. “Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes，” Bruneau said. “Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震预测是人类一直追求的技术，并解释了地震预测困难的原因以及地震预测的历史和方法等。
(　　)9.What do we know about earthquake forecasting
A.Scientists have been passionate about accurately predicting earthquakes.
B.As long as enough data is collected，earthquakes can be avoided.
C.Mathematical models of motion can simulate and predict earthquakes.
D.Scientists have fully studied the structure of earthquakes.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“From ancient Greece to the present day，countless scientists have tried to develop tools to predict earthquakes.”可知，从古希腊到今天，科学家们一直热衷于研发准确预测地震的工具。
A
(　　)10.How did Pherecydes successfully predict that earthquake
A.By seismic and remote-sensing methods.
B.By observing unusual natural phenomena.
C.By living in seismic zones throughout the year.
D.By looking into data on the early warning signs.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“he made it as he scooped water from a well and noticed that usually very clean water had suddenly become muddy.Indeed，an earthquake occurred two days later”可推知，Pherecydes通过观察到井水变浑浊的自然异象成功预测了那场地震。
B
(　　)11.What was Bruneau’s opinion about the current methods of earthquake prediction
A.He strongly believed the Terra Seismic can solve the difficult problem.
B.He was sure that humans could accurately predict earthquakes in the future.
C.He considered it harmless to humans for an earthquake deeper than 40 kilometres.
D.He thought that scientists had no reliable method to predict earthquakes.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes”及“Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction.”可推知，Bruneau认为科学家目前没有可靠的方法预测地震。
D
(　　)12.What is the text mainly about
A.Why do humans predict earthquakes.
B.How to protect oneself during an earthquake.
C.What methods can be used to forecast earthquakes.
D.When to achieve accurate earthquake forecasting.
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，文章主要介绍了从古至今人类一直力图寻找准确预测地震的方法，因此本文主要内容与预测地震的方法有关。
C
Ⅱ.七选五★
体裁 题材 难度 建议用时 答案 得分
说明文 应对飓风天气的措施 ★★★ 7 min P34
　　Hurricane season can be wild and unpredictable. 　13　 Here are some ways you can beef up your home security in hurricane weather，even if you need to move out.
　14　 That actually does nothing to ensure your safety in the powerful winds. Sticking to hurricane shelters or plywood (胶合板) is the only way to go when it comes to protecting those points of entry in hurricane conditions. Buy sheets of plywood，measure your windows and use brackets (支架) to hold the plywood in place.
Sandbags are very useful. While sandbags won’t be able to help in the extreme storm，many people will be able to prevent flooding and extensive damage to their belongings by placing sandbags. 　15　 Any storm water that is kept out of your home is storm water that won’t be able to damage the belongings inside your home，so sandbags are well worth having at your doorways during a hurricane.
It’s important to prepare the inside of your home for strong winds and rain. But you should also keep an eye on the outside of your house，too. Trim (修剪) trees，especially dead branches，to prevent anything else that could fly through a window and cause damage during a hurricane. 　16　
You should also take pictures of expensive items like electronics and keep notes of their serial numbers. 　17　 Also，there are always bad people out right after a storm. If the worst happens and your home is broken into right after a bad storm，having pictures and detailed notes about what was in your home prior to the hurricane will make it easier for police to track down stolen items.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在飓风天气下加强家庭安全的措施。
A.You should have a camera at home.
B.It can be strong enough to resist the forceful winds.
C.Making sure nothing is loose in your yard is important.
D.You may see people taping windows before a hurricane comes.
E.They will be able to effectively keep storm water out in many cases.
F.It will aid with your insurance company if anything needs to be replaced.
G.These dangerous storms can bring damage to your home and belongings.
13.______________　14.______________　15.______________　16.______________　17.______________
G
D
E
C
F
13.G　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“Hurricane season can be wild and unpredictable.”和下文中的“Here are some ways you can beef up your home security…”可知，空格处会提到飓风会对生命财产造成损害。选项G“这些危险的风暴会给你的房屋和财物造成损害”符合语境。
14.D　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“That actually does nothing to ensure your safety in the powerful winds.”可知，空格处会提到人们面对飓风的无效防护措施。选项D“你可能会看到人们在飓风到来之前用胶带贴窗户”符合语境。
15.E　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到沙袋可防止洪水和财产损坏，空格后进一步说明阻挡雨水可保护屋内财物，空格处会提到沙袋的作用。选项E“在许多情况下，它们将能够有效地阻挡雨水”符合语境。
16.C　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文中的“Trim (修剪) trees…to prevent anything else that could fly through a window and cause damage during a hurricane.”可知，空格处会提到防止庭院里有松动的东西被吹到屋子里，对屋子造成破坏。选项C“确保你的院子里没有任何东西松动很重要”能够承接上文，符合语境。
17.F　【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到给贵重物品拍照并记录，空格后提到这些记录可以帮助警方追踪，空格处会提到记录贵重物品的另一个作用。选项F“这将有助于你向保险公司申请更换物品”承上启下，符合语境。

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