资源简介

(共49张PPT)
用所给词的适当形式填空，并背诵短文。
单元词汇复现
household；blame；frustrate；transform；substantial；furthermore；severe
Cholera，an infectious disease caused by germs，used to affect people’s health. 1.____________，thus causing many deaths.Fortunately，cholera was overcome by a brilliant and outstanding doctor called John Snow. At first，John Snow felt 2.____________ when many people came down with this disease but he was determined to defeat “King Cholera” once and for all. There were then two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. Snow subscribed to the second theory. But Snow needed proof. Cholera broke out in London in 1854，and Snow discovered that there were multiple deaths in some 3.____________ near a water pump. This showed there was a link between the cases of cholera and the water. Snow suspected that the water pump was 4.____________，so he had the handle of the water pump removed. Thanks to Snow’s intervention，people began to drink pure water instead of raw water. Thus，there was a 5.____________ decrease in the threat of cholera. 6.______________，in his use of maps and statistics，Snow 7._______________ the way scientists study diseases. His thinking and concept of disease were quite novel at that time.
Severely
frustrated
households
to blame
substantial
Furthermore
transformed
1. blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
核心词汇多维讲练
(1)be to blame (for sth)
(对……)负有责任；应受责备
blame sb for sth 因……责备某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth on sb/sth把……归咎于……
(2)take/bear/shoulder the blame (for sth)
承担(……的)过错/责任
put/place/lay the blame (for sth) on sb
把(……的)责任推给某人
孩子站在破碎的花瓶前，泪水在眼眶里打转，不知道该怪自己笨拙的双手，还是那阵突然把花瓶从架子上吹落的风。The child stood before the broken vase，tears welling up，not knowing whether to blame his clumsy hands or the sudden gust of wind that had pushed the vase off the shelf.(读后续写之心理描写)
[单句语法填空]
(1)These biased perspectives cannot be blamed ____________ one single cause.(2023·北京，阅读理解)
(2)Officials believe that more than one person may be ____________ (blame) for the fire.
(3)To be honest，you should not completely blame the failure ____________ your partner. After all，you should also shoulder the blame ____________ it.
(4)Blamed for not ____________ (perform) well in the examination，the girl couldn’t help crying bitterly，burying her face in her hands.(读后续写之情感描写)
[微写作·背诵]
(5)球队输了比赛，走下赛场时，Jack感到肩头沉甸甸的。他能听到队友们在小声议论，确信他们都在为那个关键球没进而责怪自己。
As the team walked off the field，defeated，______________________________________. He could hear his teammates whispering，and he was certain ________________________________ ___________________.(读后续写之心理描写)
on
to blame
on
for
performing
Jack felt a heavy weight on his shoulders
they were blaming him for missing
that crucial shot
2. decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
(1)decrease (from…) to…
(从……)减少到……
decrease by… 降低了……
decrease in…
在……方面减少/减小/下降
(2)on the decrease 在减少
a decrease of…(in…)
(在……方面)……的减少量
年复一年，Michael发现自己为过去的不幸责怪他人的想法在不断减少。相反，他开始专注于让剩下的日子更有意义。
With each passing year，Michael found that the willingness to blame others for his past misfortunes continued to decrease. Instead，he started to focus on making the remaining days meaningful.(读后续写之主旨升华)
[单句语法填空]
(1)Thanks to the government’s timely intervention，the number of people affected by the disease has decreased ____________ three hundred.
(2)Experts warn that the ____________ (decrease) interest in traditional culture among young people needs more attention.
(3)These ____________ (decrease) were attributed primarily to planned expense reductions during 2003.
(4)Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or a decrease ____________ positive emotions.
(5)It is reported that as a result of the appearance of smartphones，the number of people who read magazines is ____________ the decrease.
[微写作·背诵]
(6)我们建议大家记笔记时采用纸张正反面书写，对可使用的笔记本进行二次利用。这一小小的举动将帮助减少纸张浪费，降低我们对环境的影响。
We suggest everyone use both sides of the paper when taking notes and reuse usable notebooks. _________________________________________________________________________________.
(应用文之倡议书)
to/by
decreasing
decreases
in
on
This small action will help decrease the waste of paper and reduce our environmental impact
3. defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解 (defence n.防御；保卫；保护 defensive adj.有戒心的；防御的)
(1)defend…against/from (doing…) 保护……免受……
defend oneself
自卫；为自己辩护
(2)in defence (of)
保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one’s defence 为某人辩护
Mia把笔记本按在胸口，面对老师，声音虽轻却坚定：“我得为我的朋友辩解，她没作弊。”
With her notebook pressed to her chest，Mia faced the teacher，voice small but steady： “I must defend my friend—she didn’t cheat.”(读后续写之动作描写)
[单句语法填空]
(1)All our officers are trained to defend themselves ____________ knife attacks.
(2)The town walls were built as a ____________ (defend) against enemy attacks.
(3)If he seems a little ____________ (defend)，it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.(2024·新课标Ⅰ，阅读理解)
(4)Seeing this fierce polar bear，he rushed in defense ____________ his companions like an arrow.(读后续写之动作描写)
[微写作·背诵]
(5)当夕阳沉入地平线时，年轻的冒险者发现自己被一群狼逼到了绝境。他的心在胸腔里狂跳，伸手握住临时制作的武器，双眼紧盯着这些捕食者。他倾尽全身力量准备自卫，不仅为了免受身体伤害，更为了能守住继续旅程的希望。
As the sun dipped below the horizon，the young adventurer found himself cornered by a pack of wolves. _____________________________，he reached for his makeshift weapon，___________ ____________ the predators. With every ounce of his being，____________________________，not just from physical harm but for the hope of continuing his journey.
against
defence
defensive
of
Heart pounding in his chest
eyes
locked on
he prepared to defend himself
4. link n.联系；纽带vt.把……连接起来；相关联
(1)There is a link between…and… ……和……之间有联系
(2)link…with/to…
把……和……联系/连接
be linked with/to…
和……联系起来
英语演讲比赛报名通道已开启，报名链接详见学校官网 “校园活动” 栏目。
The registration channel for the English Speech Contest has been opened. The registration link can be found in the “Campus Activities” section on the school official website.(应用文之通知)
[单句语法填空]
(1)When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day，trying
to link new experiences ____________ old memories. (2021·北京，语法填空改编)
(2)The study further strengthens the evidence ____________ (link) smoking with early death.
(3)There’s a direct link ____________ diet and heart disease.
(4)People’s memory of what they’ve read is often linked ____________ how far into the book it
was or where it was on the page. (2024·新课标Ⅰ，阅读理解改编)
[微写作·背诵]
(5)当我在阁楼里找到我的旧日记时，里面潦草的字迹和褪色的贴纸，瞬间将我与那个曾经写下
幼稚烦恼和小小喜悦的 12 岁女孩联结在一起。
When I found my old diary in the attic，the messy handwriting and faded stickers inside
instantly ____________________________________________________________________________.
to
linking
between
to
linked me to the 12-year-old girl who once wrote down her silly worries and small joys
5. above all最重要的是；尤其是
after all 毕竟；终究
first of all 首先；第一
all in all 整体说来；总而言之
in all 全部；合计
at all (否定句)一点也/完全；(疑问句)到底/究竟
表示“最重要的是”的短语：most importantly、 most of all、 above everything else
她珍视生活中的许多事物，比如友谊和事业成功。但最重要的是，她珍惜和家人相处的时光。
She values many things in life，such as friendship and career success. But above all，she treasures her family time.(话题写作之家庭关系)
[单句语法填空]
用all的相关短语填空
(1)Learning that you are coming to Beijing Language and Culture University as an exchange student，I am writing to give you some suggestions. ____________，you’d better learn some basic Chinese before you come. ____________，you will be under completely unfamiliar circumstances. Secondly，you should be outgoing，active and confident. ____________，you should be optimistic，which can help you adapt to the new surroundings easily. ____________，studying for a degree in a different culture is not easy ____________. (应用文之建议信)
(2)Thanks to your timely and generous help，I managed to handle the four problems ________.
[微写作·背诵]
(3)面临艰难抉择时，要考虑所有利弊，向他人征求建议。最重要的是，相信自己的判断。
When facing a difficult decision，____________________________，consult others for advice. ____________，_________________________.(应用文之建议信)
First of all
After all
Above all
All in all
at all
in all
consider all the pros and cons
Above all
trust your own judgment
1. until引导的时间状语从句
(教材原句)Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
核心句型多维运用
画线部分是由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定形式，构成not…until…结构。
(1)倒装结构：部分倒装“Not until＋时间状语从句或短语＋谓语助动词＋主语＋谓语动词.”　
(2)强调结构：It is/was not until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分.
[语段填空]
(1)直到我参加了篮球队，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。
①I ________________________________________________ I took part in the basketball team.(not…until…)
②__________________________________________________ the significance of team work.(用倒装句改写)
③___________________________________________________ I realized the significance of team work.(用强调句改写)
[微写作·背诵]
(2)大半年来，她小心翼翼地节省每一分钱；直到那天，她握着因频繁触摸而边缘变软的信封，发现里面的钱终于够买下那台她一直想要的相机。
For over half a year，she saved every penny carefully； _______________________________，its edges worn soft from being touched so often，and ____________________________________ ____________________________________________.(读后续写之细节描写)
didn’t realize the significance of team work until
Not until I took part in the basketball team did I realize
It was not until I took part in the basketball team that
until the day she held the envelop
found the amount inside was enough to
bring home the camera she’d always wanted
2. so…that…
(教材原句)He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现在两条特定的街道上，霍乱暴发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
so/such…that… 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
当so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
(1)so…that…的常见形式：
so＋adj./adv.＋that…
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋that…
so＋many/much/few/little＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that…
(2)such…that…的常见形式：
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)＋that…
such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that…
[语段填空]
(1)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉自己舌头打结，手心出汗。
①He was _______________________ he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.
②________________________ he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.(用倒装句改写)(读后续写之心理描写)
(2)The self-study room _____________________________________________________________ ________________________ (是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于许多学生会聚集在那里) to further improve their learning level. (2022·浙江6月，应用文之邀请信)
(3)__________________________________________________ (夜空中有那么多明亮的星星) it seemed endless and filled with sparkling lights.
[微写作·背诵]
(4)黄昏时天空满是如此温暖的金光，以至于镇上每座屋顶都像裹了蜜般闪闪发亮。
______________________________________________ every rooftop in the town glowed like it was covered in honey.(读后续写之环境描写)
so nervous that
So nervous was he that
is so appealing a place that/such an appealing place that many
students will gather there
There were so many bright stars in the night sky that
Such warm golden light filled the sky at dusk that
3. have sth done
(教材原句)Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.因此，他让人拆掉了水泵的手柄，这样水泵就用不成了。
have sth done
使某事被做；请人做某事
have sb do sth 让某人做某事
have sb/sth doing sth
让某人一直做某事；让某事处于某种状态
can’t have sb doing sth
不能容忍某人做某事
have sth to do有某事要做
have sth to do中的have是实义动词，意为“拥有；有”；而have sth done短语中的have是使役动词，意为“让某人做某事”。
[语段填空]
(1)__________________________________ (我在地铁上被偷了手机) last week on my way to the airport，which almost made me miss my flight.
(2)We began to help pick peaches and then ________________________________________ (让人把它们送到农民家里).(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
(3)I regret to tell you that I will _________________________________ (让你退出比赛)，for we ______________________________________ (不能容忍任何人在比赛中作弊).
[微写作·背诵]
(4)我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。
I am terribly sorry for ___________________________________，because __________________ _____________________ just now.(应用文之道歉信)
I had my phone stolen on the subway
had them delivered to the farmers’ houses
have you quit the competition
can’t have anybody cheating in the game
having you waiting for me for so long
I had an urgent
thing to attend to
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　　假定你是李华，近日你校举办了一场以“科学之美”为主题的科学节。请你给你的外国朋友Peter写一封信介绍该活动，内容包括：1.举办时间；2.活动内容；3.师生反响。
写作能力多维训练
应用文写作——科学活动
【完成句子】
1.我写信给你是想分享一件事：上周我们学校举办了一场主题为“科学之美”的科学节，其目的是提高学生的科学意识。(that引导宾语从句； 非限制性定语从句)
　I’m writing to you to share that last week our school held a science festival themed “The Beauty of Science”，which aimed to enhance the students’ awareness of science.　
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2.这次活动包含了一系列科学知识小测验、吸引人的前沿技术讲座和来自学生的各种科学作品展览。我们仿佛在享受一场科学盛宴。(it seems that…)
　The festival featured a series of science quizzes，captivating lectures on cutting-edge/frontier technology，and an exhibition of various scientific works created by students. It seemed that we were enjoying a science feast.　
3.活动几乎持续了一整天，直到标志着最后一节课结束的铃声响起。(until引导时间状语从句)
　The activity lasted almost a whole day until the bell indicating the end of the last class rang.　
4.既激动又兴奋，不仅学生，部分教师也积极参与其中。(形容词短语作状语)
　Both thrilled and excited，not only students but also some of the teachers participated in it actively.　
5.这次活动非常吸引人，所有参与者都对这次活动给予了高度评价。(so…that…引导倒装句)
　So engaging is the activity that all the participants speak highly of it.　
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
Dear Peter，　
　How is everything going these days I’m writing to you to share that last week our school held a science festival themed “The Beauty of Science”，which aimed to enhance the students’ awareness of science.
The festival featured a series of science quizzes，captivating lectures on cutting-edge/frontier technology，and an exhibition of various scientific works created by students. It seemed that we were enjoying a science feast. The activity lasted almost a whole day until the bell indicating the end of the last class rang. Both thrilled and excited，not only students but also some of the teachers participated in it actively. So engaging is the activity that all the participants speak highly of it and hope such activities will be held more frequently.
So much is the activity. Looking forward to your early reply.　
　Yours，　
　Li Hua　
1.hit/tap/pat sb on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀
2.look over one’s shoulder 某人回头看了看
3.shrug one’s shoulders 某人耸了耸肩
4.shoulder one’s way through the crowd 某人从人群中挤了出来
5.shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩
6.sit on one’s shoulders 坐在某人的肩膀上
7.shoulder the door open 用肩膀顶开了门
8.carry…on one shoulder 单肩背着……
9.put…over one’s shoulder 某人把……背在肩上
10.roll one’s shoulders 某人扭了扭肩膀
11.hold…close to one’s shoulder 把……紧靠某人的肩膀抱在怀里
12.feel a weight lifted off one’s shoulders 某人感到如释重负
读后续写——动作细节描写：动“肩膀”
【语料积累】
【单句填空】
1.她从人群中挤了出来。
She _______________________ through the crowd.
2.这个小孩坐在他父亲的肩膀上看着游行队伍经过。
The child __________________________ to watch the parade go by.
3.我只是回头看了看，耸了耸肩，没有理会他说的话。
I just ________________________ and _________________________，ignoring what he said.
4.他们步伐一致，肩并肩低着头冒雨走着。
They fell into step，____________________________ with their heads bent against the rain.(非谓
语动词)
5.“嗯，”教练一边拍着Paul的肩膀一边说，“你已经为自己赢得了球队中的位置，‘大个子’!”
“Well，” said the coach as he _______________________，“you’ve just earned your place on
the team，big guy!” (北师大版必修一U2)
shouldered her way
sat on his father’s shoulders
looked over my shoulder
shrugged my shoulders
walking shoulder to shoulder
hit Paul on the shoulder
【语篇填空】
After a long day at school，Lisa felt exhausted. 1.___________________________________ ___________ (她单肩背着沉重的书包) as she walked home. When she reached her front door，her hands were full，so she 2.____________________________ (用肩膀顶开了门). Inside，3._______________________ (她扭了扭肩膀) to relieve the tension. Later，she put her bag over her shoulder and headed upstairs. As she entered her room，she spotted her favorite animal on the bed and 4.___________________________ (把它紧靠肩膀抱在怀里)，feeling comforted. Finally，as she lay down to rest，Lisa 5.___________________________________ (感到如释重负)，knowing she had completed all her homework.
She carried her heavy backpack on one
shoulder
shouldered the door open
she rolled her shoulders
held it close to her shoulder
felt a weight lifted off her shoulders
课时作业
课时作业22　[选择性必修第二册　Unit 1 Science and Scientists]
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
答案 C D A B B C C D C B A B D C A B C
题号 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
答案 D A C D B A 见答案
答案速对
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A★
体裁 题材 难度 建议用时 答案 得分
记叙文 核物理科学家 ★★ 7 min P49
　　He Zehui， a Chinese nuclear physicist， accomplished great things in physics and became an outstanding scientist.
Her family is famous for producing three famous women scientists， including her two sisters. She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics， and then went on to study at the Technical University of Berlin， where she was the top in her class， outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang—China’s “father of the atomic bomb”. In 1940， she earned a Ph.D. in Engineering.
The couple made great discoveries in the field of uranium fission (铀核裂变)， which drew global attention and earned them worldwide reputations， also marking a milestone in the development of China’s experimental fission physics. Many Western media called the couple the “Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”.
As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China， Professor He contributed a great deal to nuclear physics. During the 1950s， she started the research and development of nuclear emulsions (核乳胶) in China and her team’s research reached the world-advanced level at that time. She and her research group took the lead in building China’s first nuclear reactor and accelerator. She was awarded the first Award of the National Prize of Natural Sciences for making outstanding achievements in supporting the national programme of nuclear weapon development.
Throughout her career， she conquered many obstacles， and was always on the front line of China’s science-related work. She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on
personal fame. The world’s top physicists recognised her as a famous scientist， the “Chinese Marie Curie”.
She passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of 97， nearly 20 years after Qian Sanqiang. She dedicated herself to science， living a simple life， always nurturing young researchers and maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued. She loved her country and science； to both she is now an icon.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国伟大的核物理科学家何泽慧及其成就。
(　　)1.What is the focus of Paragraph 2 about He Zehui
A.Identity background. B.Character personalities.
C.Education experiences. D.Profession competence.
【解析】 段落大意题。通读第二段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了何泽慧的教育经历。
C
(　　)2.What do we know about Qian Sanqiang
A.He died following his wife in 1991.
B.He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences.
C.He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics.
D.He is also a remarkable Chinese scientist.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…her future husband Qian Sanqiang—China’s ‘father of the atomic bomb.”及第三段介绍的夫妻俩的成就可知，其丈夫钱三强也是一位伟大的中国科学家。
D
(　　)3.Why is He Zehui acknowledged as “Chinese Marie Curie”
A.For her great contributions to nuclear physics.
B.For her accomplishment in the atomic bomb.
C.For her continuous achievement in natural science.
D.For her research of nuclear emulsions.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段的内容可知，何泽慧因对核物理科学作出了巨大贡献而被称为“中国的玛丽·居里”。
A
(　　)4.How can we fittingly describe He Zehui
A.Ambitious， talented， conservative and determined.
B.Unselfish， patriotic， indifferent to fame and devoted to science.
C.Aggressive， imaginative， strong in mind and kind in heart.
D.Knowledgeable， awesome， creative and sociable.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal fame.”及最后一段中的“She dedicated herself to science， living a simple life…loved her country and science…”可知，何泽慧无私、爱国、淡泊名利、献身于科学事业，有极高的科研素养。
B
B★
体裁 题材 难度 建议用时 答案 得分
说明文 生物数据样本的可用性 ★★★ 8 min P49
　　In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct， researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today， most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos， videos， and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area， a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application，” said Barnabas Daru， who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that come from physical specimens (标本)， and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change， I wanted to know： Are they usable ”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants， insects， birds， and animals， Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data， like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it，” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover， these data are biased and favour certain regions， time periods， and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot，” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places—and even species—that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data， biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究。这项研究发现数字生物多样性记录存在偏差，建议应用程序引导民间科学家获取更好的数据。
(　　)5.What do we know about the records of species collected now
A.They are becoming outdated.
B.They are mostly in electronic form.
C.They are limited in number.
D.They are used for public exhibition.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Today， most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos， videos， and other digital records.”可知，现在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的。
B
(　　)6.What does Daru’s study focus on
A.Threatened species.
B.Physical specimens.
C.Observational data.
D.Mobile applications.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These observations now outnumber the primary data…”和第四段中的“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data， like…”可知，Daru的研究聚焦于观察数据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察数据。
C
(　　)7.What has led to the biases according to the study
A.Mistakes in data analysis.
B.Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C.Improper way of sampling.
D.Unreliable data collection devices.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover， these data are biased and favour certain regions， time periods， and species.”可推知，导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的不当。
C
(　　)8.What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps
A.Review data from certain areas.
B.Hire experts to check the records.
C.Confirm the identity of the users.
D.Give guidance to citizen scientists.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To improve the quality of observational data， biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”可知，Daru 建议生物多样性应用程序应该给民间科学家提供一些指导。
D
Ⅱ.完形填空★
体裁 题材 难度 建议用时 答案 得分
记叙文 在厨房直播化学课 ★★★ 12 min P49
　　Jonte Lee is a high school chemistry teacher in Washington D.C. He was “cooking up”
　9　 treats for his students every week—conducting live chemistry lessons from his home kitchen， which he transformed into a 　10　 at a time. He 　11　 them over social media for his students.
“My 　12　 for my students accounts for the act that I conducted science experiments at home，” said Lee. When a serious hurricane hit， forcing schools to close， the teachers
　13　， Lee among their ranks.
Lee mentioned that the 　14　 were significantly great for engaging with students on a more personal level. According to Lee， he got 100% 　15　 from his students. They completed the work and they asked questions. They were 　16　 with not just their minds， but their spirits
and personalities. And that fostered a profound teacher-student bond. When that’s 　17　， Lee could push them forward 　18　. “We are allowed to challenge those students and they rise up and meet the challenge，” said Lee.
Lee explained he missed being able to check in with his students 　19　， though. “With any teacher， if we cannot see our students， we will have no way of knowing how they are
doing， whether they’re having a great day or a(n) 　20　 day，” he said， highlighting the
　21　 of virtual learning. “Our role is not just to educate the brain of the child， but we educate the entire 　22　.”
For the Teacher Appreciation Day， Lee and teachers from all across the country were
　23　 for their extraordinary efforts in facilitating student learning from home amidst a natural disaster.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了华盛顿特区的高中化学教师Devin Lee，在学校因飓风关闭后，将自家厨房变成实验室，每周为学生直播化学实验课，增强师生互动，并在这一过程中建立了深厚的教学情谊。
(　　)9.A.frozen B.visual C.educational D.local
【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“conducting live chemistry lessons from his home kitchen”可知，他在家里直播化学课，这是有教育意义的。
C
(　　)10.A.cottage B.lab C.store D.shelter
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“conducting live chemistry lessons from his home kitchen”可知，他进行的是化学课直播，所以是把厨房改造成了一个实验室。
B
(　　)11.A.streamed B.followed C.commented D.advertised
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“over social media”可知，他是通过社交媒体给学生直播。
A
(　　)12.A.direction B.affection C.budget D.excuse
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“that I conducted science experiments at home”可知，他在家中给学生们做科学实验，是因为他喜爱学生们。
B
(　　)13.A.held back B.gave in C.pulled through D.stepped up
【解析】 考查动词短语。根据上文中的“He was ‘cooking up’ 　9　 treats for his students every week—conducting live chemistry lessons from his home kitchen”及“When a serious hurricane hit， forcing schools to close”可知，当飓风来袭，学校关闭时，老师们站了出来，Lee也是其中之一，他把自己的厨房改成实验室，为学生们做实验。
D
(　　)14.A.inhabits B.proofs C.demonstrations D.accommodations
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“He was ‘cooking up’ 　9　 treats for his students every week—conducting live chemistry lessons from his home kitchen”可知，此处提到的他直播化学课，这是给学生们做的示范，所以此处指的是这些示范在更深层次上与学生互动方面作用很大。
C
(　　)15.A.involvement B.guarantee C.profit D.accuracy
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“They completed the work and they asked questions.”可知，学生们完成了作业，还提了问题，这是100%的参与。
A
(　　)16.A.springing out B.showing up C.breaking up D.checking out
【解析】 考查动词短语。根据下文中的“with not just their minds， but their spirits and personalities”可知，此处指他们不仅在精神上，而且在心灵和个性上都展现了出来。
B
(　　)17.A.social B.impossible C.solid D.done
【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“And that fostered a profound teacher-student bond.”可知，师生关系很牢固，所以Lee可以让他们在学业上更进一步。
C
(　　)18.A.suddenly B.occasionally C.physically D.academically
【解析】 考查副词。根据上文中的“push them forward”可知，此处指推动学生们在学业上更进一步。
D
(　　)19.A.in person B.in turn C.on air D.at random
【解析】 考查介词短语。根据下文中的“if we cannot see our students， we will have no way of knowing how they are doing”可知，如果看不到学生们，就无法知道他们的学习情况，所以Lee很想与学生们交流沟通。
A
(　　)20.A.ancient B.fresh C.awful D.typical
【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“whether they’re having a great day”可知，此处与“great”构成转折关系，所以应用其反义词“awful”，表示过得糟糕的一天。
C
(　　)21.A.trends B.tricks C.outlines D.barriers
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“if we cannot see our students， we will have no way of knowing how they are doing”可知，看不到学生们就无法了解他们的学习情况，这是虚拟学习的障碍。
D
(　　)22.A.plot B.individual C.nutrition D.process
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“Our role is not just to educate the brain of the child”可知，他强调老师的角色不仅仅是教育孩子的大脑，还要教育整个人。
B
(　　)23.A.credited B.blamed C.arrested D.selected
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“for their extraordinary efforts in facilitating student learning from home amidst a natural disaster”可知，Lee 以及全国各地的老师们因在自然灾害期间为学生居家学习所提供的非凡支持而备受赞誉。
A
Ⅲ.语法填空
体裁 题材 难度 建议用时 答案 得分
说明文 位于冰岛的中国文化博物馆 ★★★ 8 min P50
　　In the centre of Reykjavik， Iceland， stands a museum 　24　 (create) by Unnur， which symbolises the friendship between Icelandic and Chinese people. Aa a passionate admirer of Chinese heritage， Unnur began her journey to learn about China in the 1990s， a time 　25　. she deeply engaged herself in exploring China’s rich culture. Her passion transformed her home into a place filled with Chinese artifacts， which 　26　 (eventual) led to the establishment of a museum in Reykjavik.
The museum 　27　 (house) an extensive collection of cultural relics， from ancient
clothing 　28　 contemporary art， displaying thousands of years of Chinese civilisation. Unnur’s work goes beyond just 　29　 (exhibit) these items； she brings the culture alive
through highly 　30　 (interact) activities like tea performances， calligraphy classes， and traditional medicine talks， promoting the Icelandic understanding of China’s rich traditions.
Unnur’s museum， attracting thousands of visitors annually from around the world，
　31　 (recognise) by the Icelandic government in 2021 for its impact. As a director at Iceland’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs， put it in an interview， “Unnur， with her enthusiasm and expertise， has developed diverse cultural 　32　 (link) between Iceland and China. Her museum has not just enabled both peoples to better understand each other 　33　 strengthened our relations.”
24.____________　　25.____________　　26.____________　　27.____________　　28.____________　　29.____________　　30.____________　　31._________________　32.____________　　33.____________
created
when
eventually
houses
to
exhibiting
interactive
was recognised
links
but
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Unnur在冰岛雷克雅未克创建的博物馆促进了冰岛人民对中国传统文化的了解，建立了两国之间的文化联系，巩固了两国的友谊。
24.created　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词为stands，空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接，应使用非谓语动词；create和逻辑主语a museum构成动宾关系，应使用动词-ed形式作后置定语。
25.when　【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中充当状语；先行词为a time，指时间，应使用关系副词when。
26.eventually　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰动词led，应使用副词形式eventually作led的状语。
27.houses　【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据下文可知，此处应用一般现在时；又因主语The museum表达单数概念，动词应用单数形式，故填houses。
28.to　【解析】 考查介词。句意：该博物馆收藏了大量文物，从古代服饰到当代艺术品，展现了中国数千年的文明历程。from…to…意为“从……到……”，为固定搭配。
29.exhibiting　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词为goes，空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接，应使用非谓语动词；exhibit和主语Unnur’s work构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用动词-ing形式作介词beyond的宾语。
30.interactive　【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处应使用interact的形容词形式interactive作activities的定语。
31.was recognised　【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据下文可知，此处应用一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，动词和主语构成动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；又因主语Unnur’s museum表达单数概念，动词应用单数形式，故填was recognised。
32.links　【解析】 考查名词单复数。根据空格前的diverse可知，空格处表示复数概念，应使用link的复数形式。
33.but　【解析】 考查固定搭配。not just…but (also)…意为“不仅……而且……”，为固定搭配。

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