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(共30张PPT)
1.感叹句结构为“What (＋a/an)＋adj.＋n. (＋主语＋谓语)!”或“How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语!”；
2.祈使句结构为“Do sth./Don’t do sth.”，有时后面会跟“and/or＋句子”；
3.强调句结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分.”。
1感叹句
(1)what引导的感叹句
①What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语!
②What＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语!
What lovely children they are!
他们是多么可爱的孩子啊!
考点精讲一　感叹句、祈使句和强调句
(2)how引导的感叹句
①How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语!
②How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语!
③How＋主语＋谓语!
How interesting a story it is!
=What an interesting story it is!
这是多么有趣的一个故事啊!
2祈使句
祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略)，有时也可用everybody、 someone、 anybody等不定代词。
祈使句的4种形式：
(1)动词原形(＋宾语)＋其他成分；
(2)Be＋表语(＋其他成分)，如Be honest.；
(3)Let’s/Let us do/not do sth.；
(4)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句(陈述句谓语用一般将来时)。
3强调句
(1)强调句型的基本结构：
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。当被强调部分是人且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况下一律用that。
It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
只有通过相互倾听和理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能得到解决。
【注意】
①强调主语时，that/who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上要和被强调的主语保持一致。
It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress.
是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。
②由疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序。
She doesn’t know who it was that saved her son.她不知道是谁救了她儿子。
(2)强调句型的疑问句结构：
一般疑问句：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分
Was it in the park that he met our new teacher
他是在公园里遇到我们的新老师的吗
When was it that he made up his mind to take this course 他是什么时候决定修这门课的
(3)not…until…的强调句型结构：
It is/was not until…＋that＋其他部分。
It was not until yesterday that I was told that he was ill in hospital.
直到昨天我才被告知他生病住院了。
(4)强调谓语动词
It is/was…who/that…结构不能强调谓语动词。可用助动词do、 does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中，do还可以用于祈使句。
She did tell me her address，but I forgot all about it.她确实告诉过我她的地址，但我全忘了。
【对点练习】
1.Work hard，____________ you will make progress in English.
2.____________ a beautiful picture you are showing to us!
3.It wasn’t until 1706 ____________ Thomas Twining founded the world’s first dry tea and coffee shop in London.
and
What
that
倒装分为部分倒装和全部倒装。部分倒装只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词、情态动词、be动词)置于主语之前，而全部倒装是把谓语全部放在主语之前。
考点精讲二　倒装句式
1.部分倒装
(1)never、 seldom、 hardly、 rarely、 little、 not only…but (also)…、 no sooner…than…、 hardly…when…等含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装。注意：not only置于句首时，所在的分句要部分倒装，but also所在的分句不倒装；
(2)so/such…that…结构中的so、 such 连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装，that引导的从句不倒装；
(3)“only＋状语(从句)”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装；
(4)在含有were/had/should的虚拟条件句中可以省略if，将were/had/should提前，构成部分倒装；
(5)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)；
(6)在as引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形要位于句首，构成倒装结构。
2.全部倒装
(1)表地点的介词短语位于句首，引起句子全部倒装；
(2)表示时间的副词then、 now等位于句首，引起句子全部倒装；
(3)直接引语位于句首，引起句子全部倒装；
(4)表示方位的副词here、 there、 out、 in、 up、 down、 away位于句首，引起句子全部倒装；
(5)分词/形容词＋地点状语＋be＋主语(名词)；
(6)such置于句首时用完全倒装。
1在as/though引导的部分倒装结构中，如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，则其前不加冠词。
Child as he was，he finished his task with great courage and determination.
尽管他只是一个孩子，他还是满怀着勇气和决心完成了任务。
2在全部倒装结构中，主语只能是名词而不能是代词；若是代词时，句子不倒装。谓语也只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种形式。
Look!Here comes the bus.
看!公共汽车来了。
Look!Here comes it.(×)
Look!Here it comes.(√)
【对点练习】
1.Not only ____________ Confucius a great thinker，but he is also a great teacher.
2.Absurd ____________ it might sound，everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa.
3.Of equal importance ____________ (be) good study habits，useful skills and a positive attitude.
4.For a moment nothing happened. Then ____________ (come) voices all shouting together.
5.Only then ____________ (do) he realize that he had fallen behind.
6.As he has been in a terrible state of mind these days，on no account ____________ he succeed in the coming English speech competition.
7.As she turned around，there ____________ (stand) Gladys Claffern.
8.So much importance ____________ (do) I attach to it that I even felt a little nervous before the test.
is
as/though
are
came
did
will
stood
did
1.在while、 when、 where、 as if、 if、 though、 no matter what、 until等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而从句主语又与主句主语一致或从句主语是it时，主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略；
2.if ever如果曾发生过的话；if busy 如果忙的话；if any如果有的话；if possible如果可能的话；if so如果这样的话；if not如果不的话；if necessary如果必要的话；
3.限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that、 which、 whom常可以省略；
4.在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号to；
5.英语中还常常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，so/not多跟在以I’m afraid、 I hope、 I think、 I guess、 I believe等开头的答句中。
考点精讲三　省略
1在状语从句的省略中，若省略，则主语和be动词一起省略，若保留则一起保留。
You can’t be careful enough while (you are) crossing a busy street.
在横穿繁忙街道的时候，你再怎么小心也不为过。
2在状语从句的省略中，要注意连词之后的非谓语动词与主句主语之间的关系。
Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to college.
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法让他去上大学。
He always keeps silent unless asked.
除非被问到，他总是保持沉默。
3动词不定式的省略
在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时，往往将不定式符号to省略；在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动词而保留不定式符号to。
The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to.
司机想把车停在路边，但被警察要求不要停。
【注意】当动词不定式由be或have构成时，to后面必须保留be或have。
—Are you fond of classic music
—No，but I used to be.
——你喜欢古典音乐吗
——不，但我曾经喜欢。
—Have you told Ann about her failure in the test
—Yes，but I oughtn’t to have.
——你告诉Ann她考试不及格的事了吗
——告诉了，但我不应该那样做。
【对点练习】
1.We finished the task two days earlier than ____________ (expect).
2.—Do you have any idea what Paul does all day
—As I know，he spends at least as much time playing as he does ____________ (write).
3.We all know that，if not carefully ____________ (deal) with，the situation will get worse.
4.He suddenly turned around as if ____________ (make) sure that nobody was following him.
expected
writing
dealt
to make
1.Of the 19 recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six ____________ (be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.
2.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ____________ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
are
that
课时作业
答案速对
语法速测8　[特殊句式]
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
答案 见答案 见答案
1.There ____________ (be) a number of birds and small animals living in this natural park.
2.____________ (sit) in the first row is my head teacher， who will deliver a speech on the stage.
3.When ____________ (rise) to the challenges， you will have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth.
4.Present at the party last night ____________ (be) Mr Green and many other guests.
5.—What did she want to know， Tom
—She wondered when it was ____________ we could complete the experiment.
6.It was only when I reread his poems recently ____________ I began to appreciate their beauty.
层级一　基础达标练
Ⅰ.考点分层演练
are
Sitting
rising
were
that
that
7.There are some seemingly insignificant matters that， when not ____________ (deal) with in time， can become bigger ones later on.
8.Such is the severity of the destruction of the old temple ____________ we have to take measures to deal with it.
9.____________ (make) sure that all the windows are shut， mainly because it is reported that a heavy rain is on the way.
10.It was in this old school ______________ the government built in 1968 ____________ he received good education.
dealt
that
Make
which/that
that
1.Still， looking back on the photos， they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I _______________ (be) prepared and managed my time wisely.(2023·全国乙卷改编)
2.____________ (be) it not for the support of the teachers， the student could not overcome her difficulty.(2017·江苏卷改编)
3.But like so many other things， it is only too much stress ____________ does you harm.(2016·上海卷)
4.Only when Lily walked into the office ____________ (do) she realize that she had left the contract at home.(2015·天津卷改编)
5.Into the complete silence of the waiting class ____________ (come) the teacher’s sweet voice，“Good morning， children.”(2015·湖北卷改编)
层级二　高考真题练
had been
Were
that
did
came
Disha Florence never thought she would become a web novel writer.The lady from Bangladesh， was trying to find a way to free herself from the restrictions faced by a woman， 1.____________ wish she has had since she was eight.It was then 2.____________ she observed that being a girl meant she couldn’t play in the park like boys， and that she needed to learn to do housework.
As she grew up， she realized that 3.____________ experience and knowledge， it’s impossible to be free.Therefore， while 4.____________ (continue) her study， Florence worked as a volunteer， going to places and meeting people with or without her parents’ 5.___________ (permit). Her father told her， “You need to make your own money to do as you wish.” Florence found this advice 6.____________ (logic)， but didn’t know what to do.
层级三　语篇提能练
a
that
without
continuing
permission
logical
At 22， she noticed on the Chinese reading app that the website was hiring authors who 7.____________ (say) to be able to make much money.
Without thinking 8.____________ (far)，Florence started writing and became a professional web novelist. 9.____________ (inspire) by popular Chinese novels on the app， Florence wrote her first book.This story about self-respect and self-love， 10.____________ characters are Chinese， is set in Europe.
Now Florence has about 164，200 readers on the reading app and is working on another two books.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了孟加拉国网络作家Disha Florence在成长过程中追求自我价值，并在中国的阅读应用程序上创作网络小说获得成功的故事。
were said
further
Inspired
whose
1.a　【解析】 考查冠词。空处应用不定冠词，表泛指；又因wish发音以辅音音素开头，空格处应使用a；此处的a wish是上文提到的“从对女性的约束中解放出来”的解释。
2.that　【解析】 考查强调句。分析句子可知，此句为强调句，强调副词then。
3.without　【解析】 考查介词。句意：随着她长大，她意识到没有经验和知识，不可能实现自由。此处表示没有经验和知识，应用without。
4.continuing　【解析】 考查状语从句的省略。空处在连词while之后，且continue与逻辑主语Florence之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式，句子补充完整为“while she was continuing her study”。
5.permission　【解析】 考查词性转换。空处在her parents’之后，应用名词形式permission作with or without的宾语。
6.logical　【解析】 考查词性转换。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，应使用logic的形容词形式logical作this advice的补足语。
7.were said　【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。根据主句中的noticed可知，此处应用一般过去时；say与逻辑主语authors之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态；主语authors表达复数概念，动词应用复数形式，故填were said。
8.further　【解析】 考查副词的比较等级。根据句意可知，应用far的比较级further，作think的状语，意为“更远地；进一步”。
9.Inspired　【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词为wrote，空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接，空处应用非谓语动词；inspire与逻辑主语Florence之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词形式；空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Inspired。
10.whose　【解析】 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为This story，先行词与characters之间为所属关系，空处应用关系代词whose。
___________________________________________________________________________________
1.感叹句
(2022·新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷)在英语节目“Talk and Talk”中与你交流对我们来说是多么有意义的经历啊!
What a meaningful experience it is for us to communicate with you in the English programme “Talk and Talk”!
(2021·浙江6月卷)这是一场多么精彩的中国画展啊!
What a fantastic Chinese painting show it is!
Ⅱ.语法链接写作
___________________________________________________________________________________
2.祈使句+and/or+陈述句
(2020·新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷)我正要放弃的时候老师对我喊：“坚持，你会成功的。”
I was about to give up when my teacher shouted at me， “Keep up， and you will make it.”
(2020·浙江7月卷)Elli说：“快点，否则熊会追上我们的。”
“Hurry up， or the bear will catch up with us，” said Elli.
___________________________________________________________________________________
3.强调句
(2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷)正是我的老师很体贴地鼓励我去参加，激励我发挥自己讲故事的潜力。
It was my teacher who/that was considerate enough to encourage me to attend it， inspiring me to take advantage of my potential in telling stories.
(2022·浙江1月卷)正是在那个文化节上，你分享了很多关于你们国家的有趣的事情。
It was at that cultural festival that you shared so many interesting things about your country.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.“only+状语(从句)”位于句首的倒装句
(2023·全国乙卷)从这件事中我明白了，只有通过不断的练习，我才能真正学到一项新技能。
From this I understand that only by practising constantly can I truly learn a new skill.
(2022·全国甲卷)只有当所有人都努力保护海洋时，海洋环境才会变得越来越好。
Only when all the people make their efforts to protect the ocean will the ocean environment become better and better.
___________________________________________________________________________________
5.倒装句(so+adj.+be+sb/sth+that从句)
(2022·新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷)David如此坚定，他终于到达了终点，所有的学生都为他欢呼。
So determined was David that he finally reached the finishing line and all the students cheered for him.
(2020·新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷)Bernard是如此开心以至于他给了John一个大大的拥抱。
So happy was Bernard that he gave John a big hug.
___________________________________________________________________________________
6.全部倒装
(2021·浙江6月卷)我的爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，他们看起来既悲伤又焦虑。
Beside the old truck stood my dad and mom， looking sad and anxious.
(2020·浙江1月卷)后院有两只在草坪上快乐打滚(tumble)的狗。
In the backyard were two happy dogs tumbling about on the grassland.

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