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(共26张PPT)
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，它的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1.位于及物动词或形容词之后的从句是宾语从句；
2.谓语动词之前的从句为主语从句，且从句可以用it作形式主语；
3.位于be动词之后的从句是表语从句；
4.位于抽象名词之后，解释该名词内容的从句为同位语从句。
1名词性从句的引导词(如下表所示)
类别 引导词 功能
从属
连词 that 在从句中不作任何成分，也没有词汇意义
whether、 if 在从句中不作任何成分，意为“是否”
because、 as if/though 在从句中不作任何成分，分别意为“因为”“好像”
连接
代词 who(ever)、what(ever)、whom(ever)、which(ever)、whose who(ever)和what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；
whom(ever)在从句中作宾语；
which(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语；
whose在从句中作定语
连接
副词 when(ever)、where、 wherever、why、 how(ever) 在从句中作状语
2名词性从句的语序是陈述语序
Do you know where will the party be held (×)
Do you know where the party will be held (√)
3名词性从句的时态
(1)当主句的谓语动词是现在时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时)的时候，从句可根据实际情况使用各种时态。
It annoys me that he broke my favourite vase.
他打碎了我最喜欢的花瓶，这令我很生气。
Do you know when and where he bought the book 你知道他什么时候在哪里买的这本书吗
I have heard that our teacher will come back tomorrow.我听说我们的老师明天就回来了。
(2)当主句的谓语动词为过去时态的时候，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也用某种过去时态。
I asked her if she would allow me to interview her，and she readily agreed.
我问她是否允许我采访她，她欣然同意了。
My teacher said that the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
老师说太阳从东方升起西方落下。 (客观真理)
4what与that的用法
that是从属连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义。而what是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当主语、宾语或表语。
I believe that I will succeed if I study hard.
我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。
I believe what he said because he is an honest man.我相信他说的话，因为他是个诚实的人。
5whether与if的用法
(1)用whether或if均可的情况：
①引导大部分动词后的宾语从句时，两者均可使用；
②it作形式主语，且主语从句在句末时，两者均可引导主语从句。
(2)用whether而不用if的情况：
①引导主语从句置于句首时；
②引导表语从句和同位语从句时；
③引导介词的宾语从句时；
④引导词与or not连用时；
⑤引导词后接to do时；
⑥引导某些如discuss、 decide等动词的宾语从句。
6what、 who、 which与whatever、 whoever、 whichever 引导名词性从句的区别
(1)what引导名词性从句意为“什么”，带有疑问意味；意为“……的事情”，表示肯定的意思。who意为“谁”，带有疑问意味。which意为“哪一个”，带有疑问意味。
Do you know who broke the window
你知道是谁打破了窗户吗
(2)whatever、 whoever、 whichever分别意为“所……的一切事或东西”“任何……的人”“……的任何一种东西”，并且充当成分，相当于anything that、 anyone who等。
She is very dear to me. We have been prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life.
=She is very dear to me.We have been prepared to do anything that it takes to save her life.
她是我的至亲，我们已经准备好了不惜一切代价救她的命。
7that不可省略的情况
(1)that引导主语从句且从句置于句首时；
(2)that引导表语从句时；
(3)that引导同位语从句时；
(4)当it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正的宾语时；
(5)当主句谓语后接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，其他的that不可省略。
She said (that) her ambition was to enter a key university，that she would study hard to make her dream come true，and that she would live up to her parents’ expectations.
她说她的志向是考上一所重点大学，她会努力学习，实现自己的梦想，不辜负父母的期望。
8同位语从句位于表示概念或思维的抽象名词之后，对该抽象名词起解释说明的作用。
常见的抽象名词有news、 idea、 fact、 promise、 conclusion、 theory、 question、 doubt、 thought、 possibility、 message、 suggestion、 word (消息)、 hope、 decision等。
At first many people were astonished at the conclusion that the Earth was not the centre of the universe.
起初很多人对地球不是宇宙中心这一结论感到惊讶。
9why与because 引导表语从句的区别
why与because 引导表语从句时，前者强调结果，后者强调原因。
I had a cold. That was why I didn’t attend school.我感冒了，因此我没去上学。
I didn’t attend school. That was because I had a cold.我没去上学，那是因为我感冒了。
【注意】
(1)句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。
The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat.她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
(2)由why引导的从句作主语时，表语从句用that引导。
Why we decided to put off the match was that the weather was too terrible.
我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。
10as if/though引导的表语从句
as if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look、 seem、 sound、 be等后面，从句中既可以用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。
It sounds as if somebody is knocking at/on the door.听起来好像有人在敲门。
She treats him as if he were a stranger.
她待他如陌生人。
11同位语从句和定语从句的区别
同位语从句是用于解释说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，而定语从句是对作先行词的名词的限制、描绘或说明。that在同位语从句中只是连接主从句，没有任何意义，不在从句中充当句子成分；that在定语从句中是关系代词，不但连接主从句，而且指代被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)，在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。
I had no idea that Brisbane has so many people! (that引导同位语从句，不能省略)
The idea (that) he put forward at the meeting is very reasonable.(that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略)
【对点练习】
1.People wonder ____________ gaint panda Qizai is brown，given that his mother is black and white.Scientists guess that it’s due to some genetic mutation (基因突变).
2.Asian elephants are among the most highly protected animals in China and ____________ drove the elephants to make their long trip is still unknown.
3.They interacted with students from five classrooms across China and showed viewers ____________ they live and work inside the space station.
4.The reason why he was late was ____________ he was caught in a traffic jam.
5.The decision was made ____________ we should have some school trips this term.
6.I was in such a hurry that I paid no attention to ____________ or not the milk was hot.
why
what
how
that
that
whether
1.____________ I have got a full mark is good news for me.
2.By boat is the only way to get here，which is ____________ we arrived.
3.Every year，____________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
4.You have to know ____________ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
5.She asked me _________ I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn’t.
6.________ counts now is not to blame anyone but to make a united effort to solve the problem.
7.What’s more，they came to understand the delicate balance that the environment exists in and ____________ can，and must be done to protect the reef.
8.I have seen the film and I think ________ impresses me most is the plot about family and love.
9.It seemed that Jim had become ____________ his parents had wanted him to be.
10.I have sent Miss Green an invitation to our party，but I don’t have the slightest idea ____________ she will accept it.
11.The question ____________ the new product will be launched has not been answered.
That
how
whoever
where
whether/if
What
what
what
what
whether
when
课时作业
答案速对
语法速测6　[名词性从句]
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
答案 见答案 见答案
1.It remains to be seen ____________ the new traffic regulations will adapt to the actual situation after they are issued.
2.Helen McCarthy，an author and expert on Japanese Cartoons， explained ____________ the character is so popular.“Because Hello Kitty is all about happiness， friendship and fun.”
3.My first task was to decide where to go and ____________ to get there.
4.Students can choose __________________ they want to do and register online.
5.Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building， and that’s ____________ I don’t agree.
6.The reason why I like the city is ____________ it has beautiful environment and clean air.
7.Twenty-five years later the traveler returned to the same place. ____________ he saw amazed him. He could not believe his own eyes.
层级一　基础达标练
Ⅰ.考点分层演练
whether
why
how
what/whatever
where
that
What
8.It was not clear ____________ the water in the reservoir would rise again， and the exposed walls of large buildings in the old city would disappear.
9.I’m not sure ____________ is more frightened， me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.
10.A real smile often causes the eyes to light up or become smaller. This is ____________ more muscles are used when we are happy.
when
who
because
1.It’s estimated ____________ the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.(2025·全国Ⅰ卷改编)
2.When asked ____________ they chose so many AP classes， my friends responded： “I don’t know.”(2025·北京卷改编)
3.I really did not know ____________ I should continue correcting him or simply drop the matter.(2025·全国Ⅱ卷改编)
4.They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.This is ____________ they need an English trainer.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
5.From there， Campbell says， will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is ___________ Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷改编)
6.“He saved my son’s life，” said Mrs Brown.“I don’t know ____________ to thank him.” (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
层级二　高考真题练
that
why
whether/if
why
why
how
7.Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives， we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future， and this is ____________ AI by Design： A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷改编)
8.____________ we discovered is ____________ it’s unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance.(2023·全国甲卷改编)
9. We will probably never know ____________ it’s true. We can， instead， use this idea to advance scientific knowledge.(2024·北京卷改编)
10.Having visited several times over the last 10 years， I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new， and ____________ a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.(2023·全国乙卷改编)
where
What
that
whether/if
how
1.____________ worries my classmate Mary a lot these days is 2.____________ she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill.She has some doubts 3.____________ she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar.Also，with the College Entrance Examination approaching，she becomes more stressful and she can’t sleep well these days. Maybe this is 4.____________ she becomes fatter these days，she thinks.5.____________ she becomes slimmer and healthier has been her main task.So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions.But where she can get better suggestions and 6.____________ will give her better advice also puzzle her.It is her parents’ suggestion 7.__________ she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital. Professor Wang suggests 8.____________ she keep a balanced diet first. She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber， vitamin and protein. What’s more， if she wants to lose weight， she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day.Mary asked Professor Wang 9.____________ she should take exercise.Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o’clock in the afternoon.That is 10.____________ she will have more time to do sports.It is with the help of Professor Wang that Mary has become much healthier now. Mary is now on the way to a healthy life.
层级三　语篇提能练
What
that
whether
why
How
who
that
that
when
because
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的同学Mary因为最近胖了很多而且经常生病而烦恼，她的父母建议她向王教授咨询。在王教授的帮助下，她通过均衡饮食和运动变得越来越健康。
1.What　【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子可知，第一个空引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么；所……的”，应用what；又因位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。
2.that　【解析】 考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后面为表语从句，从句成分完整，that无实际意义，在句中不作任何成分，故填that。
3.whether　【解析】 考查同位语从句。分析句子可知，doubts后接的是同位语从句，从句说的是doubts的内容，从句中不缺少成分，缺少“是否”的意思，故填whether。
4.why　【解析】 考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后面为表语从句，从句成分完整，表示“……的原因”，故填why。
5.How　【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子可知，has been前为主语从句。根据句意，表示“如何；怎样”，需用how；又因位于句首，首字母大写，故填How。
6.who　【解析】 考查主语从句。分析句子可知，空处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“谁”，故填who。
7.that　【解析】 考查同位语从句。分析句子可知，空后的内容解释说明suggestion，为同位语从句，故填that。
8.that　【解析】 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，suggests后接的是宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且意义完整，故填that。
9.when　【解析】 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，asked接双宾语，空后为宾语从句，从句中缺少状语；根据下文可知此处表示“什么时间”，故填when。
10.because　【解析】 考查表语从句。分析句子可知，is后接的是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示“原因”，故填because。
___________________________________________________________________________________
1.what引导的名词性从句最显眼
(2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷)你说的话给了我很大的鼓励，激发了我写作的动力。
What you said gave me a great deal of encouragement， which inspired my motivation for writing.
(2021·浙江6月卷)令我惊讶的是，我爸爸允许我按照我的意愿使用这笔钱。
What surprised me was that my dad allowed me to use the money as I wished.
Ⅱ.语法链接写作
___________________________________________________________________________________
2.同位语从句放在开头实力开篇
(2023·天津6月卷)我相信这样的活动对于促进跨文化理解和欣赏至关重要，我很高兴有机会分享自己的技能和经验。
I hold the belief that such events are crucial for promoting cross-cultural understanding and appreciation， and I am thrilled to have the opportunity to share my own skills and experience.
那种认为不经过仔细思考就能完成工作的想法是完全错误的。
The idea that you can finish your job without your careful thinking is quite wrong.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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3.表语从句之前的连词要考虑周全
(2022·全国甲卷)我们必须采取措施来保护海洋的原因是它的污染正变得越来越严重。
The reason why we must take measures to protect the ocean is that its pollution is becoming more and more serious.
(2021·北京卷)很抱歉，我不能按计划和你出去。原因是我弟弟前几天摔断了腿，我必须照顾他。
I’m sorry that I can’t go out with you as planned.The reason is that my younger brother broke his leg the other day and I must look after him.
教育就是当一个人把在学校所学全部忘光之后剩下的东西。
Education is what remains after one has forgotten everything he learned in school.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.That/This is because/why…灵活简练
(2022·全国乙卷)他们更容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩游戏，那是因为他们缺乏自律。
They’re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. That’s because they lack self-discipline.
(2021·浙江6月卷)这个展览非常精彩，展示了中国文化的魅力。这就是为什么我想推荐我的同学们也来参加这个艺术展。
The exhibition is fantastic and shows the charm of Chinese culture. This is why I would like to recommend my fellow students to attend this art show as well.

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