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Unit 4 Space Exploration 训练卷-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修第三册
（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分 词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
1.He (regular) drove from his home to his place of employment.
2.The blood samples are sent to the laboratory for (analyse).
3.They may only have a (limit) amount of time to get their points across.
4.Out of (curious), the elderly couple participated in the activity held by the teens yesterday.
5.Scientists have warned that coral reefs are likely to become the world s first ecosystem (disappear) because of global warming.
6.Although he is (disappoint) that he failed in the job interview, he still keeps his confidence.
7.On 28 January, 1986, seven American astronauts died when the US space shuttle Challenger exploded soon after it (launch).
8.Mary (signal) wildly to her friends in the crowds, but they didn t notice her.
9.You could also visit the local library where the (resource) are rich and diverse.
10. (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
第二节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
11.Both the colour and (图案) of this silk are in good taste.
12.He is a (肤浅的) thinker whose opinions aren t worth much.
13.The (人造卫星) enables us to calculate their precise location anywhere in the world.
14.Our school makes it clear that we cannot use smartphones at school. (否则), we will be punished.
15.Scientists worry more about a greater danger: collisions in (轨道) between spacecraft and trash.
16.I hold the firm belief that with a willing heart and (持续存在的) efforts, I will realize my dream.
17.Walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals like (巨大的) pandas and golden monkeys.
18.We should sort out the rubbish, hoping that we might (循环利用) some, which will surely benefit us a great deal.
19.Their brains are scanned so that researchers can (监测) the progress of the disease.
20.So far nobody has （认领）the smartphone discovered at the train station.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 阅读理解 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Next 500 Years—Engineering Life to Reach New Worlds
203.00
Hardback | 256 pages
Published: 20 April 2021
Availability: in stock
Description
Certainly, life on Earth will come to an end, whether because of climate disaster, world wars, or the death of the sun in a few billion years. To avoid dying out, we will have to find a new home planet, perhaps even a new solar system, to live.
In this challenging and interesting book, Christopher Mason argues that we have a duty to do just that. We have a responsibility to act—not only for us human beings but for all other creatures on which we depend.
Mason argues that our technology that has enabled us to build rockets and land on other planets can be applied to redesigning biology so that we can live on those planets. And he makes a 500-year plan for carrying out the huge project.
As they are today, our weak human bodies could never survive travel to another planet. Mason describes the bad effects that long-term space travel had on astronaut Scott Kelly, who returned from a year on the International Space Station with changes to his blood, bones, and genes(基因).
Mason suggests a ten-period, 500-year programme that would engineer our body so that humans can stand the extreme(极端的) environments of outer space—with the final goal of achieving human settlement of new solar systems. He makes a roadmap of which solar systems to visit first, and uses biotechnology and genetics to offer a unique vision of the universe to come.
Weight: 620 g
Size: 203 mm×137 mm
21.What does Mason suggest doing in his book
A. Preventing creatures from dying out. B. Looking for a new home in space.
C. Protecting our home planet. D. Watching over the activities of the sun.
22.Which of the following is unclear about the book
A. The publisher. B. The price. C. The weight. D. The author.
23.Who will buy this book probably
A. People who care about the environment. B. People who pay more attention to animals.
C. People who are interested in human history. D. People who want to know more about space.
B
As a child, I wanted to become an astronaut, and I began preparing myself early. When I was in junior high, I began to wonder, "What should a future astronaut study in college " I did my research and found that many astronauts have studied Aerospace (航空航天) Engineering. When it came time to apply to college, I only focused on schools that had aerospace engineering programs.
I went to Princeton University, where I studied Mechanical (机械的) and Aerospace Engineering. Although I knew Aerospace Engineering was important, I really didn t know what engineering was in a day-to-day sense. After my freshman year, I took part in a summer internship (实习工作). I worked in a professor s lab, where research focused on how robotic systems work together. It was in this setting that I began to understand what engineering was.
From there, a fire was sparked (触发), and I went on to take part in similar research programs hosted at Rice University. These experiences helped me realize that research was my true passion (热爱). I then continued my education, earning a master s degree and later a Ph.D. in Aerospace-related fields. I also completed an internship with NASA, where I worked on two small satellites in space.
I currently work for a research and development laboratory. One of the great things about my work is the chance to share new project ideas and see how research can impact everyday life.
Finding these opportunities required effort and attention. I kept my eyes peeled for announcements about job opportunities from university websites. By staying active and curious, I was able to gain valuable experience beyond the classroom.
For teens interested in engineering, Aerospace Engineering is a good choice. Many ideas may take time to understand, but if you keep going and work hard, you will have a great career. I would also suggest being flexible and well-rounded. You can always learn from different experiences.
24.Why did the author want to study Aerospace Engineering
A. He was advised to do so by a teacher.
B. He believed it was a must for astronauts.
C. He wanted to work in a professor s lab in college.
D. He was required to learn it at Princeton University.
25.How did the author s summer internship influence him
A. He decided to change his major.
B. He realized the importance of teamwork.
C. He learned about different types of robots.
D. He developed a strong love for engineering.
26.What can be learned from the author s experience
A. Curiosity is the most powerful thing you own.
B. Opportunities are for those who are prepared.
C. A good beginning makes for a good ending.
D. It s important to find the path that suits you.
27.What is the author s suggestion to teens
A. Hang in there and don t give up. B. Be confident and think creatively.
C. Focus on one area of engineering. D. Seek internships as early as possible.
C
Scientists have warned that the risk of a large space rock named 2024 YR4 striking Earth in 2032 has slightly increased. Recent calculations show a 1%-3% chance of impact, but there is still a 97%-99% probability that this near-Earth asteroid (小行星) will miss our planet. The chance is expected to go up and down as researchers enhance their understanding of its orbit.
Discovered in December 2023 by a Chilean telescope, 2024 YR4 measures 40-90 metres wide. NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) plan to observe it in March using the Webb Telescope before it becomes unobservable until 2028. The initial impact chance was just over 1%, later rising to 3%, though NASA stresses the likelihood remains "extremely low".
Experts say it s too soon to panic. Larry Denneau of the University of Hawaii notes it is "a curiosity", urging patience for further analysis. Paul Chodas of NASA s Near-Earth Object Studies Centre echoes this, stating rising probabilities are expected and the risk will likely disappear. Such variations are common as new data emerges, similar to the 2021 case of asteroid Apophis, where initial concerns were later dismissed after precise observations.
Since the details are uncertain, it is unclear where it may hit and what the possible effect will be should it strike Earth. The ESA said, if the asteroid is smaller, the effect might be similar to that of the Tunguska event, which flattened thousands of square kilometres of forest in Siberia in 1908. But if the asteroid is larger, close to 100 metres in diameter, the effect will be significantly worse. Once the Webb Telescope provides precise measurements, NASA will be able to assess the threat level.
NASA already has some experience deflecting an asteroid. In 2022 they successfully changed an asteroid s orbit by crashing a spacecraft into it, though larger asteroids might require more complex strategies.
For now, experts agree there is no immediate cause for concern. Public awareness is vital, but scientific consensus (共识) remains: while monitoring continues, 2024 YR4 poses no actionable risk. As Chodas reassures, "This is part of the process—uncertainty decreases with time and data."
28.What may cause the change in the probability of 2024 YR4 s impact
A. Changes in the asteroid s size. B. Improvements in orbital calculations.
C. Public concern and media influence. D. Limitations of telescope technology.
29.Why do experts advise against panic about the asteroid
A. It will pass Earth safely in 2028.
B. It is too small in size to cause damage.
C. Previous defense missions have already succeeded.
D. The impact chance is likely to drop with more data.
30.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The methods of asteroid measurement.
B. The potential damage of asteroids in different sizes.
C. The increasing probability of the asteroid striking Earth.
D. The functions of the Webb Telescope in asteroid detection.
31.What does the underlined word "deflecting" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Redirecting. B. Remapping. C. Observing. D. Destroying
D
Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and satellites They are called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is "any man-made object in orbit(轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function".
One large piece of space junk, a disused rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on 4 March. The rocket s origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive— weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater(坑), estimated 10 to 20 metres wide, on the moon s surface. It won t be visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it. "We will find the crater, eventually," Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASA s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA Today. "Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days."
What s significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earth s orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris(残骸), smaller than a millimetre, caused a tiny chip in the ISS window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Space Agency website states that objects "up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite" while objects over 10 cm "could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces". If this sounds terrifying, that s because it is. Any collision with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to Earth itself. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades. Some powerful crashes can even send large debris hurtling(猛冲) towards Earth s surface where it can affect the local environment. Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic(有毒的) materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC.
32.Which of the following can be regarded as space junk
A. An abandoned space station. B. A spacecraft orbiting the moon.
C. A crater on the moon s surface. D. A satellite working in low Earth orbit.
33.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Tracking the rocket. B. Locating the crater.
C. Cleaning up the space junk. D. Finding out the rocket s origin.
34.Why does the author mention the damage caused by tiny space debris in 2016
A. To compare the effects of debris of different sizes.
B. To prove the space debris problem is getting worse.
C. To illustrate the potential dangers of space junk.
D. To explain the necessity of removing space junk.
35.What can be inferred about space junk from the last paragraph
A. It s likely to cause a global environmental crisis.
B. It can pose a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere.
C. It s impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere.
D. The biggest threat comes from the toxic materials contained in space junk.
第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
You ve watched astronauts float calmly through the International Space Station while you struggle to read an email. It seems that they re born different. (36) The same habits that keep them alive in orbit can also make you a better thinker, creator, and problem solver on Earth.
(37) They do this not because they love repetition, but because it frees up their brain for real emergencies. In daily life, having regular habits can help you focus on more important work. The more you turn your daily routines (日常生活) into habits, the more mental space you free up for creativity.
Second, astronauts prepare for problems before they happen. (38) That s why they train for many "what if" situations. Similarly, when studying or working, it helps to predict difficulties and prepare for them.
Another helpful habit is keeping records. Astronauts keep detailed mission logs (日志) during their stay. Recording what worked and what didn t helps them improve and is good for their mental health during long space missions. You can benefit from the same practice. (39)
Finally, astronauts don t just fix one wire (电线); they figure out how the whole system works together. Think in systems, not moments. (40) You should think about how the parts of the story are connected. This way of thinking helps you avoid getting lost in the details and see the big picture.
A．You might assume they re just built special.
B．They know nothing ever goes according to plan.
C．However, what makes them special isn t talent—it s habit.
D．First, astronauts practice basic tasks for years until they re natural.
E．If you start trying those space habits, you ll find you can think more clearly.
F．For example, when you write, don t pay too much attention to a single sentence.
G．Record when and where you work best, and you ll see what improves your creativity.
第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As I sat in the spaceship, travelling through the vast space, I was amazed by the greatness of the universe.
Our task was to explore a newly-discovered planet, Planet X. The journey was long and filled with (41) . The meteors(流星)we met seemed to be (42) towards us like bullets. It was a(n) (43) moment, and everyone held their breath as our captain skilfully (44) the ship to avoid the effects.
Finally, we arrived near Planet X. Through the telescope, I saw a planet (45) in a mysterious purple fog. Landing on the planet was no easy task because the gravity was stronger than we had expected. Our landing gear(起落架) (46) some damage during the touchdown. (47) , we were all safe in the end.
Stepping out of the ship, I was (48) by a strange-looking landscape. The (49) of the planet looked like a barren desert with fine sand shining brightly. As I collected samples, I (50) how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe. Every new (51) here made me more curious about what else is out there.
After (52) the data collected, we found that there existed some special chemicals on this planet. I couldn t wait to (53) more secrets of Planet X. As the sun set, I felt a (54) of excitement and exhaustion. It was a day of unexpected yet wonderful discoveries and I wondered what （55） we would experience in the future.
41.A. challenges B. pains C. differences D. joys
42.A. walking B. pointing C. looking D. flying
43.A. relaxing B. stressful C. boring D. exciting
44.A. escaped B. destroyed C. operated D. abandoned
45.A. stuck B. involved C. enveloped D. trapped
46.A. suffered B. avoided C. repaired D. stopped
47.A. Unluckily B. Obviously C. Suddenly D. Thankfully
48.A. scared B. troubled C. refused D. welcomed
49.A. shape B. surface C. inside D. structure
50.A. argued B. predicted C. realized D. explained
51.A. problem B. angle C. discovery D. change
52.A. looking into B. setting off C. carrying out D. holding up
53.A. mask B. reveal C. create D. keep
54.A. culture B. conclusion C. solution D. mixture
55.A. difficulties B. emergencies C. adventures D. accidents
第二节 语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Before the mid-20th century,most people felt travelling into space was 56. impossible dream.However,after many experiments,scientists finally succeeded in making rockets57. could escape Earth s gravity.
On 4 October 1957,the Sputnik 1 satellite58. (launch)by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.Afterwards,59. (astronaut)including Yuri Gagarin and Neil Armstrong were sent into space.Later,America s NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977.And the International Space Station 60 . (provide)a continuous human presence in space since it was put into operation,with spacemen from different countries 61 . board.
However,exploring space is filled with risks and even disasters,which make everyone sad and
62. (disappoint).But people still believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.
China became the third country in the world to 63. (independent)send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.On 23 July 2020,China sent Tianwen1
64. (explore)the surface of Mars.And from 2021 to 2022,China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station.In 2022,China launched the Mengtian module,65. (signal)the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.
第三节 翻译：汉译英（每小题3分，满分15分）
要求：根据提示短语翻译句子，使用正确的形式，答案书写规范。
66.尽管我发现解决这个问题很困难，但我仍将竭尽全力解决它。（while）
67.对于你来说，能将新数据与你已经知道的东西联系起来是非常重要的。
68.这将永远留在我的记忆中。 (keep… in one s mind)
69.今天的城市博物馆之行真的是一次难忘的经历。 (unforgettable)
70.这让我们对中国航天有了更好的了解。 (allow sb. to do…)
第四部分写作（共一节，满分25分）
第一节应用文写作（满分25分）
71.假设你是校报编辑李华，校报英文版计划面向全体同学开展以“My Space Dream”为主题的征文比赛。请你在校报上写一则通知，内容包括：
(1)作品要求；
(2)截止时间及投稿方式。
注意：(1) 写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice

答案
第一部分 词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
1. regularly 2. analysis 3. limited 4. curiosity 5. to disappear
6. disappointed 7. was launched 8. signaled/signalled 9. resources 10. Understanding
第二节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
11. pattern 12. shallow 13. satellite 14. Otherwise 15. orbit
16. continued / lasting 17. giant 18. recycle 19. monitor 20. claimed
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 阅读理解 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B
29. D 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B
第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F
第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分)
41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. B
50. C 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C
第二节 语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
56. an 57that/which 58was launched 59.astronauts 60.has provided
61.on 62.disappointed 63.independently 64.to explore 65.signaling/signalling
第三节 翻译：汉译英（每小题3分，满分15分）
66. While I find it difficult to solve the problem, I will try my best to work it out.
67. It is very important for you to be able to relate fresh data to things that you already know.
68. This will be kept in my mind forever.
69. Today s trip to the City Museum is really an unforgettable experience.
70. It allowed us to get a better understanding of China Aerospace.
Notice
To satisfy students thirst for the knowledge of space, our school English newspaper will organise an activity that appeals to students to write an article titled “My Space Dream”.
The article mainly focuses on the development of our space industry and your space dream, which will greatly help us students know about the history and development of our space industry, and then inspire us to make contributions to it. Anyone who shows interest in it is welcome to take part in. Remember to send your article to Englishnewspaperclub@ by 5 June.
Your participation will surely make a difference.

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