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Unit 6 Sunshine for all 单词解析一
1.blind(形容词)瞎的，失明的
[用法讲解] blind在句中常作定语和表语； blind还可为动词，译为"使失明，蒙蔽".
Eg: She is a blind in one eye.
她一只眼睛失明了。
Love is blind.
爱是盲目的。
The bright light blinded him temporarily.
强光暂时让他看不见。
[常见搭配] turn a blind eye (to)... 对...视而不见
blind rage 狂怒
the blind 盲人
Eg: The police turned a blind eye to the minor offense.
警察对轻罪视而不见。
He attacked his opponent in a blind rage.
他狂怒地袭击了他的对手。
The blind need special care.
盲人需要特殊照顾。
[派生词] blindness为名词，译为"失明，盲目"
Eg:His blindness was caused by an accident.
他的失明是由一次事故造成的。
[即学即用]
She is _________(失明的)from birth.
答案：blind
2.deaf(形容词)聋的
[用法讲解] deaf在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: He is deaf in one ear.
他一只耳朵聋了。
[常见搭配] turn a deaf ear (to)... 对...充耳不闻
deaf and dumb 聋哑的
the deaf 聋人
Eg: The manager turned a deaf ear to our complaints.
经理对我们的抱怨充耳不闻。
The school specializes in teaching deaf and dumb children.
这个学校是专门教聋哑孩子的。
Schools for the deaf provide sign language education.
聋人学校提供手语教育。
[派生词] deafness为名词，译为"耳聋，听不见".
deafen为动词，译为"使聋，震耳欲聋".
Eg: The doctor explained the causes of congenital deafness.
医生解释了先天性耳聋的原因。
The explosion deafened him temporarily.
爆炸声让他暂时失去了听力。
[即学即用]
这所学校为聋人提供教育。
This school provides education for__________.
答案：the deaf
3.disabled(形容词)有残疾的
[用法讲解] disabled在句中常作定语或表语，还可译为"被禁用的，失效的".
Eg: The building has ramps for disabled visitors.
这栋建筑为残疾访客设置了斜坡。
The firewall disabled unauthorized access.
防火墙禁用了未经授权的访问。
She advocates for equal rights for the disabled.
她为残疾人的平等权利发声。
[常见搭配] disabled people/ persons 残疾人
disabled access/ facilities 无障碍设施
Eg: Public buildings should be accessible to disabled people.
公共建筑应方便残疾人使用。
The hotel has disabled access, including ramps and elevators.
这家酒店有无障碍设施，包括坡道和电梯。
[派生词] disable为动词，译为"使失去能力，使无效":
able为形容词，译为"有能力的".
Eg: The hacker tried to disable the security system.
黑客试图破坏安全系统。
She is able to speak English very well.
她可以把英语说得很好。
[即学即用]
She is__________(able) and uses a wheelchair.
答案：disabled
4.elderly(形容词)年纪较大的，上了年纪的
[用法讲解] elderly在句中常作定语修饰名词。
Eg: This elderly gentleman is my grandfather.
这个年老的绅士是我爷爷。
[常见搭配] the elderly = elderly people 老年人
elderly patient 老年病人
Eg: Should we give seats to the elderly on buses
我们在公交车上应该把座位让给老年人
The elderly patient needs more time.
老年患者需要更多时间。
[派生词] elder为形容词，译为"更年长的".
Eg: This is my elder brother.
这是我的哥哥。
[即学即用]
How can we help the_______(elder) in our community
答案：elderly
5.disability(名词)(某种)缺陷，障碍
[用法讲解] disability为可数名词，还可译为"无资格"等。
Eg: His mild disability doesn't affect his daily activities.
他的轻度残疾不会影响他的日常活动。
His criminal record was a disability in finding a job.
他的犯罪记录使他找工作受限。
The software's disability to handle large files frustrated users.
该软件无法处理大文件，令用户沮丧。
[常见搭配] have a disability 患有残疾
physical/ mental disability 身体/精神残疾
people with disabilities 残障人士
Eg: She has a physical disability but lives independently.
她患有身体上的残疾但过得很独立。
The school provides support for students with mental disabilities.
学校为精神残疾的孩子提供支持。
People with disabilities deserve equal opportunities.
残障人士应享有平等机会。
[派生词] ability为名词，译为"能力，才能".
Eg: She has the ability to speak four languages fluently.
她有能力流利地说四种语言。
[即学即用]
Early intervention helps children with learning ___________(ability).
答案：disability
6.service(名词)服务
[用法讲解] service为可数名词，其复数形式为services，还可译为"工作，效劳，服务，维护，保养";service还可为动词，译为"维修，维护，保养".
Eg:The service in this restaurant is excellent.
这家餐厅的服务很棒。
He retired after 40 years of service to the company.
他在为公司服务40年后退休了。
The car needs a service.
这辆车需要保养。
The mechanic serviced my car yesterday.
机械师昨天给我的车做了保养。
[常见搭配] public service 公共服务
be of service to sb. 为某人提供帮助
do sb. a service 帮某人一个忙
service station 加油站，维修站
active service 现役
Eg: Public services like healthcare should be accessible to all.
医疗等公共服务应人人可及。
I'd be happy to be of service if you need any assistance.
如果你需要帮助，我很乐意效劳。
You did me a great service by recommending this book.
你推荐这本书帮了我很大忙。
We stopped at a service station to refuel.
我们在加油站停车加油。
He was called up for active service during the war.
战争期间他被召回现役。
[派生词] servant为名词，译为"仆人，佣人".
Eg: The servant cleaned the house every day.
仆人每天打扫房子。
[即学即用]
The hotel provides excellent_______(服务).
答案：service
7.donate(动词)捐赠，捐献
Eg: She donated $ 1,000 to the children's hospital.
她向儿童医院捐赠了1000美元。
He decided to donate his organs after death.
他决定死后捐献器官。
[常见搭配] donate blood 献血
donate to... 捐献给...
Eg: Volunteers can donate blood at the Red Cross center.
志愿者可以在红十字会献血。
They regularly donate to charity.
他们定期向慈善机构捐献。
[派生词] donation为名词，译为"捐赠物";
donor为名词，译为"捐赠者".
Eg: The charity received a large donation from an anonymous benefactor.
这家慈善机构收到了一笔来自匿名捐助者的大额捐赠。
Blood donors are essential for maintaining hospitable supplies.
献血者对维持医院血液供应至关重要。
[即学即用]
We d________old clothes to the homeless shelter.
答案：donated
8.expect(动词)预料，期盼，预期
Eg: She expects a promotion.
她期待升职。
I expect that the meeting will be short.
我预计会议会很简短。
[常见搭配] expect to do sth.预计做某事
expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
Eg: They expect to finish the project by Friday.
他们预计周五前完成项目。
The teacher expects students to submit homework on time.
老师期望学生按时交作业。
[派生词] expectation为名词，译为"期待".
Eg: The sales performance was beyond our expectations.
销售表远超预期。
[即学即用]
I expect _________(see) you back here.
答案：to see
9.athlete(名词)运动员
[用法讲解] athlete为可数名词，其复数形式为athletes，还可译为"体能强健的人".
Eg: This athlete won three gold medals in the Olympics.
这个运动员在奥运会中赢得三块金牌。
She's not just smart, she's also a natural athlete.
她不仅聪明，还天生体能强健。
[常见搭配] professional athlete 职业运动员
Eg: He is a professional athlete who competes in international tournaments.
他是一名参加国际比赛的专业运动员。
[派生词]athletic为形容词，译为"运动的，健壮的";
athletics 为名词，译为"体育运动".
Eg: She has an athletic build from years of training.
她因多年训练而拥有健壮的体格。
The school prioritizes athletics as part of its curriculum.
该校将田径运动作为课程的重要组成部分。
[即学即用]
Many college_________(运动员)receive scholarships for their performance.
答案：athletes
10.confidence(名词)自信心，信心
[用法讲解] confidence常为不可数名词。
Eg: Gaining confidence is key to success.
获得信心是成功的关键。
[常见搭配] have/ show confidence in ... 对...有信心
with confidence 自信地
Eg: We should have confidence in ourselves.
我们应该对自己有信心。
He answered the questions with confidence.
他自信地回答了问题。
[派生词] confident为形容词，译为"自信的".
[常见搭配] be confident (in oneself) (对自己)充满信心
be confident of... 对...有把握
be confident about... 对...有信心
Eg: She is a confident woman.
她是一个自信的女人。
She is confident in her ability to succeed.
她自信有能力成功。
I am confident of my success.
我对成功有把握。
I am confident about my future.
我对我的未来很有信心。
[即学即用]
1.I'm ____________(confidence) that you will get the job.
2.她对自己的能力有信心。
She_______________________her abilities.
答案：1.confident 2.has confidence in
11.require(动词)需要，依靠
[用法讲解] require还可译为"要求，规定，强制，使必须".
Eg: This task requires careful planning.
这项任务需要仔细规划。
The law requires all drivers to have a license.
法律规定所有司机必须持有驾照。
He application requires a signature.
申请表要求签名。
[常见搭配] require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
It is required that ... 规定...
as required 按要求
Eg: The teacher required us to submit the homework by Friday.
老师要求我们在周五前交作业。
It is required that all attendees wear a badge.
规定所有参会者必须佩戴徽章。
Please compete the form as required.
请按要求填写表格。
[易混辨析] require与need区别：
require更正式，强调外部规定或必要性；
need更通用，可指主观或客观需求。
Eg: The job requires experience.
这封工作要求经验。
I need some rest.
我需要休息。
[即学即用]
The law requires all drivers___________(have) a license.
答案：to have
12.receive(动词)受到，接到
[用法讲解]receive还可译为"遭受，接待，接受"等。
Eg: I haven't received the confirmation email yet.
我还没有收到确认邮件。
The ambassador received us warmly.
大使热情接待了我们。
[常见搭配] receive a letter from sb.收到某人来信
Eg: I received a letter from my parents.
我收到了父母的来信。
[易混辨析] receive和accept区别
receive表示客观上收到某物，但不涉及是否愿意接受；
accept表示主观上愿意接受某物，涉及到一定程度的主观愿意。
Eg: I haven't received a letter from him yet.
我还没有收到他的信呢。
I received a gift from Lily, but I can't accept it, because it is too expensive.
我收到了来自丽丽的礼物，但是我没有接受，因为它太贵了。
[即学即用]
( )She ____ a expensive present, but she didn't______.
A.received; received B. received; accept
C. accepted; receive D.accepted; accept
答案：B
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共36张PPT)
Unit 6 Sunshine for all
八年级
译林版2024
下
单词解析一
1.blind(形容词)瞎的，失明的
[用法讲解] blind在句中常作定语和表语；blind还可为动词，译为"使失明，蒙蔽".
Eg: She is a blind in one eye.
她一只眼睛失明了。
Love is blind.
爱是盲目的。
The bright light blinded him temporarily.
强光暂时让他看不见。
[常见搭配]turn a blind eye (to)...对...视而不见
blind rage狂怒
the blind盲人
Eg: The police turned a blind eye to the minor offense.
警察对轻罪视而不见。
He attacked his opponent in a blind rage.
他狂怒地袭击了他的对手。
The blind need special care.
盲人需要特殊照顾。
[派生词] blindness为名词，译为"失明，盲目"
Eg:His blindness was caused by an accident.
他的失明是由一次事故造成的。
[即学即用]
She is _________(失明的)from birth.
blind
2.deaf(形容词)聋的
[用法讲解]deaf在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: He is deaf in one ear.
他一只耳朵聋了。
[常见搭配]turn a deaf ear (to)...对...充耳不闻
deaf and dumb聋哑的
the deaf聋人
Eg: The manager turned a deaf ear to our complaints.
经理对我们的抱怨充耳不闻。
The school specializes in teaching deaf and dumb children.
这个学校是专门教聋哑孩子的。
Schools for the deaf provide sign language education.
聋人学校提供手语教育。
[派生词]deafness为名词，译为"耳聋，听不见".
deafen为动词，译为"使聋，震耳欲聋".
Eg: The doctor explained the causes of congenital deafness.
医生解释了先天性耳聋的原因。
The explosion deafened him temporarily.
爆炸声让他暂时失去了听力。
[即学即用]
这所学校为聋人提供教育。
Thisschool provides education for__________.
the deaf
3.disabled(形容词)有残疾的
[用法讲解] disabled在句中常作定语或表语，还可译为"被禁用的，失效的".
Eg:Thebuilding has ramps for disabled visitors.
这栋建筑为残疾访客设置了斜坡。
The firewall disabled unauthorized access.
防火墙禁用了未经授权的访问。
Sheadvocates forequal rights for the disabled.
她为残疾人的平等权利发声。
[常见搭配]disabled people/ persons残疾人
disabled access/ facilities无障碍设施
Eg: Public buildings should be accessible to disabled people.
公共建筑应方便残疾人使用。
The hotel has disabled access, including ramps and elevators.
这家酒店有无障碍设施，包括坡道和电梯。
[派生词] disable为动词，译为"使失去能力，使无效":
able为形容词，译为"有能力的".
Eg: The hacker tried to disable the security system.
黑客试图破坏安全系统。
She is able to speak English very well.
她可以把英语说得很好。
[即学即用]
She is__________(able)andusesa wheelchair.
disabled
4.elderly(形容词)年纪较大的，上了年纪的
[用法讲解]elderly在句中常作定语修饰名词。
Eg:Thiselderly gentleman is my grandfather.
这个年老的绅士是我爷爷。
[常见搭配]the elderly = elderly people老年人
elderly patient老年病人
Eg: Should we give seats to the elderly on buses
我们在公交车上应该把座位让给老年人
The elderly patient needs more time.
老年患者需要更多时间。
[派生词] elder为形容词，译为"更年长的".
Eg: This is my elder brother.
这是我的哥哥。
[即学即用]
How can we help the_______(elder) in our community
elderly
5.disability(名词)(某种)缺陷，障碍
[用法讲解] disability为可数名词，还可译为"无资格"等。
Eg: His mild disability doesn't affect his daily activities.
他的轻度残疾不会影响他的日常活动。
His criminal record was a disability in finding a job.
他的犯罪记录使他找工作受限。
The software's disability to handle large files frustrated users.
该软件无法处理大文件，令用户沮丧。
[常见搭配]have a disability患有残疾
physical/ mental disability身体/精神残疾
people with disabilities残障人士
Eg: She has a physical disability but lives independently.
她患有身体上的残疾但过得很独立。
The school provides support for students with mental disabilities.
学校为精神残疾的孩子提供支持。
People with disabilitiesdeserve equalopportunities.
残障人士应享有平等机会。
[派生词] ability为名词，译为"能力，才能".
Eg: She has the ability to speak four languages fluently.
她有能力流利地说四种语言。
[即学即用]
Early intervention helps children with learning ___________(ability).
disability
6.service(名词)服务
[用法讲解] service为可数名词，其复数形式为services，还可译为"工作，效劳，服务，维护，保养";service还可为动词，译为"维修，维护，保养".
Eg:The service in this restaurant is excellent.
这家餐厅的服务很棒。
He retired after 40 years of service to the company.
他在为公司服务40年后退休了。
The car needs a service.
这辆车需要保养。
The mechanic serviced my car yesterday.
机械师昨天给我的车做了保养。
[常见搭配] public service公共服务
be of service to sb.为某人提供帮助
do sb. a service帮某人一个忙
service station加油站，维修站
active service现役
Eg: Public services like healthcare should be accessible to all.
医疗等公共服务应人人可及。
I'd be happy to be of service if you need any assistance.
如果你需要帮助，我很乐意效劳。
Youdid me a great service by recommending this book.
你推荐这本书帮了我很大忙。
We stopped at a service station to refuel.
我们在加油站停车加油。
He was called up for active service during the war.
战争期间他被召回现役。
[派生词]servant为名词，译为"仆人，佣人".
Eg: The servant cleaned the house every day.
仆人每天打扫房子。
[即学即用]
The hotel provides excellent_______(服务).
service
7.donate(动词)捐赠，捐献
Eg: She donated $ 1,000 to the children's hospital.
她向儿童医院捐赠了1000美元。
He decided to donate his organs after death.
他决定死后捐献器官。
[常见搭配]donate blood献血
donate to...捐献给...
Eg: Volunteers can donate blood at the Red Cross center.
志愿者可以在红十字会献血。
They regularly donate to charity.
他们定期向慈善机构捐献。
[派生词] donation为名词，译为"捐赠物";
donor为名词，译为"捐赠者".
Eg: The charity received a large donation from an anonymous benefactor.
这家慈善机构收到了一笔来自匿名捐助者的大额捐赠。
Blood donors are essential for maintaining hospitable supplies.
献血者对维持医院血液供应至关重要。
[即学即用]
We d________old clothes to the homeless shelter.
onated
8.expect(动词)预料，期盼，预期
Eg: She expects a promotion.
她期待升职。
I expect that the meeting will be short.
我预计会议会很简短。
[常见搭配]expect to do sth.预计做某事
expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事
Eg: They expect to finish the project by Friday.
他们预计周五前完成项目。
The teacher expects students to submit homework on time.
老师期望学生按时交作业。
[派生词] expectation为名词，译为"期待".
Eg: The sales performance was beyond our expectations.
销售表远超预期。
[即学即用]
I expect _________(see) you back here.
to see
9.athlete(名词)运动员
[用法讲解] athlete为可数名词，其复数形式为athletes，还可译为"体能强健的人".
Eg: This athlete won three gold medals in the Olympics.
这个运动员在奥运会中赢得三块金牌。
She's not just smart, she's also a natural athlete.
她不仅聪明，还天生体能强健。
[常见搭配]professional athlete职业运动员
Eg: He is a professional athlete who competes in international tournaments.
他是一名参加国际比赛的专业运动员。
[派生词]athletic为形容词，译为"运动的，健壮的";
athletics 为名词，译为"体育运动".
Eg: She has an athletic build from years of training.
她因多年训练而拥有健壮的体格。
The school prioritizes athletics as part of its curriculum.
该校将田径运动作为课程的重要组成部分。
[即学即用]
Many college_________(运动员)receive scholarships for their performance.
athletes
10.confidence(名词)自信心，信心
[用法讲解]confidence常为不可数名词。
Eg: Gaining confidence is key to success.
获得信心是成功的关键。
[常见搭配]have/ show confidence in ...对...有信心
with confidence自信地
Eg:We should have confidence in ourselves.
我们应该对自己有信心。
He answered the questions with confidence.
他自信地回答了问题。
[派生词]confident为形容词，译为"自信的".
[常见搭配]be confident (in oneself)(对自己)充满信心
be confident of...对...有把握
be confident about...对...有信心
Eg: She is a confident woman.
她是一个自信的女人。
She is confident in her ability to succeed.
她自信有能力成功。
I am confident of my success.
我对成功有把握。
I am confident about my future.
我对我的未来很有信心。
[即学即用]
1.I'm ____________(confidence) that you will get the job.
2.她对自己的能力有信心。
She_______________________her abilities.
confident
has confidence in
11.require(动词)需要，依靠
[用法讲解]require还可译为"要求，规定，强制，使必须".
Eg: This task requires careful planning.
这项任务需要仔细规划。
The law requires all drivers to have a license.
法律规定所有司机必须持有驾照。
He application requires a signature.
申请表要求签名。
[常见搭配]require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事
It is required that ...规定...
as required按要求
Eg: The teacher required us to submit the homework by Friday.
老师要求我们在周五前交作业。
It is required that all attendees wear a badge.
规定所有参会者必须佩戴徽章。
Please compete the form as required.
请按要求填写表格。
[易混辨析] require与need区别：
require更正式，强调外部规定或必要性；
need更通用，可指主观或客观需求。
Eg: The job requires experience.
这封工作要求经验。
I need some rest.
我需要休息。
[即学即用]
The law requires all drivers___________(have) a license.
to have
12.receive(动词)受到，接到
[用法讲解]receive还可译为"遭受，接待，接受"等。
Eg: I haven't received the confirmation email yet.
我还没有收到确认邮件。
The ambassador received us warmly.
大使热情接待了我们。
[常见搭配] receive a letter from sb.收到某人来信
Eg: I received a letter from my parents.
我收到了父母的来信。
[易混辨析]receive和accept区别
receive表示客观上收到某物，但不涉及是否愿意接受；
accept表示主观上愿意接受某物，涉及到一定程度的主观愿意。
Eg: I haven't received a letter from him yet.
我还没有收到他的信呢。
I received a gift from Lily, but I can't accept it, because it is too expensive.
我收到了来自丽丽的礼物，但是我没有接受，因为它太贵了。
[即学即用]
( )She ____ a expensive present, but she didn't______.
A.received; receivedB. received; accept
C. accepted; receiveD.accepted; accept
B
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