资源简介

(共47张PPT)
2026年中考英语复习语法专题课件★★★
　代　词
1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示：
人称代词
数　　　 格 人称　 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her it it 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。动词前面用主格，动词或介词之后用宾格。如：
I like playing table tennis.(作主语)我喜欢打乒乓球。
Do you know him？ (作宾语)你认识他吗？
3.人称代词还可作表语，作表语时用宾格。如：
—Who is knocking at the door？ 谁在敲门？
—It’s me.是我。
4.it的特殊用法
(1)作人称代词，指代婴儿或未确定身份、性别的人。如：
The baby cried because he was hungry.这个婴儿哭了，因为他饿了。
There is a knock on the door.It might be the postman.有人在敲门。有可能是邮递员。
(2)表示时间、天气、季节、距离等。如：
It is five kilometers from here.距离这里5千米远。
What time is it now？现在几点了？
(3)常用句型：
① it作形式主语(2021语法选择考)：
It’s+adj.(+for sb.)+to do sth.做某事(对某人来说)是……的
It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.某人做事真是太……
It’s+adj.+that从句　……是……的
② it作形式宾语：
Sb.find(s)/think(s) it+adj.+to do sth.某人发现/认为做某事是……的
③ 其他：
It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.是(某人)做某事的时间了
It seems that… 似乎……
It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了
根据上下文写出相应代词。
1.Where is your brother？I want to give 　 　 a book.
2.This book doesn’t belong to 　 　.Mine is over there.
3.These are my cousins.　 　 are both university students.
4.Our English teacher，Miss Li，is kind and patient.
We all like 　 　.
5.Even if we are in Grade 9，it’s necessary for 　 　 to go to bed early and get up early.
6.　 　 is our duty to make our country better and stronger.
　It　
　us　
　her　
　They　
　me　
　him　
1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示：
物主代词(2023，2022，2020语法选择考)
数　　 人 称 类别　 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
中文意思 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他(她、它)们的
2.形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。一般情况下形容词性物主代词后面接名词。如：
Our teacher is coming to see us.我们的老师要来看我们了。
3.名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。一般情况下名词性物主代词后面不可接名词。如：
Our school is here and theirs is there.
(作主语)我们的学校在这里，他们的在那里。
根据上下文写出相应代词。
1.—Can you show 　 　 new book to me？　
—OK.Here you are.
2.—What is your sister’s favorite color？
—　 　 favorite color is purple.
3.We must clean up 　 　 classroom before going home.
4.—Whose camera is this？Is it 　 　？
—No，it’s not mine.It’s Mike’s.He is a photographer.
5.Mary has two brothers，and 　 　 names are Bob and Tom.
　their　
　yours　
　our　
　Her　
　your　
英语中用来表示“我自己”“你自己”“他自己” “我们自己”“你们自己”“他们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如下表所示：
反身代词
人称　　 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself，herself，itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
1.反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。
(1)作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。如：
He called himself a writer.他称自己为作家。
(2)作表语。如：The girl in the story is actually herself.
故事里的那个女孩其实就是她自己。
(3)作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。如：
You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语)你应该问老师他本人。
2.反身代词必须要与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人自己”。如：
You can do all the homework by yourself.
你可以自己做所有的家庭作业。
3.反身代词在实际运用中，可构成很多固定词组。如：
teach oneself=learn by oneself自学　 enjoy oneself玩得高兴　　help oneself to随便吃 come to oneself苏醒过来
lose oneself迷路 dress oneself自己穿衣服
巧学妙记
反身代词莫乱用，能作句中宾(宾语)、表(表语)、同(同位语)，
主语、定语不能用，固定搭配要记清。
根据上下文写出相应代词。
1.Look at the sky lantern.I made it by 　 　.
2.We should depend on 　 　 instead of depending on others.
3.Students should learn some living skills to take good care of
　 　.
4.Mary is a book lover.She could read by 　 at the age of five.
5.The mother encourages her little son to learn to look after
　 　.
6.Making tea 　 　 is as enjoyable as drinking tea.
　itself　
　himself　
　herself
　themselves　
　ourselves　
　myself　
1.指示代词this， that， these， those
指示代词
用法 举例
(1)this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间或空间上较远的事物或人。 This is a pen and that is a pencil.
这是一支钢笔，那是一支铅笔。
We are busy these days.
这些天我们很忙。
用法 举例
(2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的情况，this和these则指下面将要讲到的情况。 I had a cold.That’s why I didn’t come.
我感冒了，这就是我没有来的原因。
What I want to say is this：Pronunciation is very important when learning English.
我想说的是：学英语时发音非常重要。
用法 举例
(3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替。 TV sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.
在北京生产的电视机和那些在上海生产的一样好。
(4)this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。 Hello！This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking？
你好！我是玛丽，你是杰克吗？
2.it， one， that作代词的区别
代词 用法 举例
it 指上文提到过的事物。 The book is mine.It is very interesting.
这本书是我的，它非常有趣。
one 泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个。 Your bike is very beautiful.I also want to buy one.
你的自行车很漂亮，我也想买一辆。
代词 用法 举例
that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数，如指代可数名词复数要用those，为了避免重复。 The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Zhanjiang.
北京的天气比湛江冷多了。
The flowers on the left are more beautiful than those on the right.左边的花比右边的更美丽。
( )1._______ seems unnecessary for humans to do difficult jobs because of AI technology.
A.It B.This C.That
( )2.The twins look the same. Even their father finds _______ difficult to tell them from each other.
A.that B.this C.it
C
A
( )3.—Bob，can you see the boys over there？
—_______ are my cousins.Let’s go and say hello to them.
A.That　 B.These　 C.Those
( )4.The weather in Shanghai is better than _______ in Suzhou.
A.that B.those　 C.this
A
C
不定代词
常见的不定代词 some，any，one，each，every，no，none，all，both，either，neither，many，much，a few，a little，other，another，the other等
用法 形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，somebody，anybody，nobody，everything，everyone，everybody等不定代词时，形容词放在不定代词的后面。如：something important一些重要的东西；nothing interesting没有什么有趣的
(1)some， any
辨析 【同】some，any“一些”，既可以修饰或代替可数名词复数，也可以修饰或代替不可数名词。
【异】some常用在肯定句中；any多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
练习 ①I have 　 　 tea here.　　　　　　　　　
②I can’t see 　 　 tea.
　any　
　some　
(2)many， much
辨析 【同】many，much“许多”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中多用a lot of，lots of等。
【异】many修饰或代替可数名词复数，其反义词是few；而much修饰或代替不可数名词，其反义词是little。
练习 ①I didn’t know 　 　 English people who could speak Chinese.
②Is there 　 　 water in the bottle？
　much　
　many　
(3)few， a few，little， a little
辨析 few，a few用来修饰或代替可数名词复数；little，a little用来修饰或代替不可数名词
few，little表示否定，意为“很少、几乎没有”；
a few，a little表示肯定，意为“一些、少许”。
练习 ①He is now out of work and can earn 　 　 money.
②I’m from England，but I can speak 　 　 French.
③　 　 students in this school can speak Japanese.They speak Korean.
④There are still 　 　 students in the classroom.
　a few　
　Few　
　a little　
　little　
(4)another， other， others， the other， the others
辨析 another泛指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，表示“又一(个)，又一些；另外的(人、物)，别的(人、物)”，既可用作形容词又可用作代词。
other表示“另外的”，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；前面有the，this，that，some，any，each，every，no，one，my，your，his等，则可与单数名词连用。
others泛指“别的人或物(但不是全部)”，是other的复数形式，不能作定语；some…others…“一些……另一些……”。
the other“两者中的另一个”，one…the other…“(两者中的)一个……另一个……”。the other修饰单数名词时，意为“(两者中)另一个”，修饰复数名词时，意为“(两部分中)剩下的，其余的”。
the others=the other+名词复数，指“剩下的人(或物)，其余的人(或物)”。
练习 ①We need 　 　 four people.　　　　
②　 　 people may think like that.
③Some of the questions are hard；　 　 are easy.
④He has two sons.One is thin and 　 　 is fat.
⑤There are 50 students in my class.30 are boys，and
　 　 are girls.
　the others　
　the other　
　others　
　Other　
　another　
(5)none， no one
辨析 none表示三者或三者以上全部否定，意为“全都不，没有一个”。none既可指人又可指物，通常后接of短语。none用作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。none常用来回答how many/much的提问。
no one表示三者或三者以上全部否定，与nobody同义，只用来指人，其后一般不跟of短语。no one常用来回答who的提问。
练习 ①　 　 of us want(s)to go，but we have to.　
②Everyone is here；　 　 is away.
　no one　
　None　
(6)every， each
辨析 every用来指三者或三者以上，侧重整体而不指个别，它不能单独作主语或宾语，只有与名词连用或构成复合词时，才能作主语和宾语。every常可用于某些固定搭配中。
each则用来指两者或两者以上，侧重于个别情况，可作主语、宾语、定语或同位语。作主语时，后接谓语的单数形式，但each作主语同位语时，谓语动词与主语一致。
练习 ①He knew by heart 　 　 word in her letter.
②He gave an apple to 　 　 .Both of them were happy.
　each　
　every　
(7)all， both
辨析 all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。all作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用复数。
both作代词，其用法为：①与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。
②与“of+代词(或名词)”连用，表示“两者都”。
练习 ①Mr.Hope teaches English in a middle school.
　 　 of his students like him.
②Lucy and Lily 　 　 agree with us.
　both　
　All　
(8)neither， either
辨析 neither“两者都不……”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
either“两个中的任何一个”，可修饰或代替单数可数名词。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
练习 ①Peter can’t go to the party tonight，
and I can’t 　 　.
②　 　 of them was in good health，but both worked very hard.
　Neither　
　either　
易混不定代词辨析答案
(1)①some　 ②any　
(2)①many　 ②much　
(3)①little　 ②a little　③Few　 ④a few
(4)①another ②Other　 ③others　④the other　⑤the others　
(5)①None　 ②no one
(6)①every　 ②each　
(7)①All　 ②both　
(8)①either　 ②Neither
疑问代词有who， whom， whose， what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。如：
Who is going to come here tomorrow？
(作主语)明天谁会来这里？
What is that？ (作表语)那是什么？
疑问代词
一、语法选择基础练(单项填空)
( )1.Using AI tools in the right way can help _______ to work better.
A.we B.us C.our
( )2.—Mary， is this your sister’s smartwatch？
—No， _______ is pink.
A.his B.mine C.hers
C
B
( )3.Tom has been in Shanghai for five years， so he can speak _______ Chinese.
A.a few B.a little C.little
( )4.—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah， that’s because _______ can give people a big laugh.
A.all B.none C.both
( )5.—Tina， did you buy _______ when you went to Dazhou last month？
—Of course.I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A.anything special B.special anything C.something special
A
C
B
Some animals have wing-like structures (结构) to help them fly from tree to tree.When they jump， they spread out 1.　 　 arms and legs to help them fly down easily.Wing-suits， a kind of clothes， can let people experience flying.The idea of these clothes comes from these animals.
二、短文填空基础练(选择合适的代词并用其正确形式填空)。
　their　
they this everything themselves other
Plants have helped people come up with amazing inventions， too.Perhaps the best-known example is Velcro (尼龙搭扣).It includes two pieces of cloth.They stick to each other when they are pressed together.Velcro is used on 2.　 　 from handbags to clothes.The idea of Velcro is from burrs (带芒刺的小果实) of a plant.They have special structures to allow 3.　 　 to stick to people’s clothing or hair.They are taken to other places in this way.From 4.　 　 examples， we can see biomimetics(仿生学) is widely used in our daily life.What 5.　 　 problems will nature help us solve in the future？ Let’s wait and see！
　other　
　these　
　themselves　
they this everything themselves other
　everything　
( )1.A.doesn’t have　
B.hasn’t had　
C.haven’t had
三、语法选择 (2024·广东湛江模拟考)
Recently，Chinese netizens (网民)gave likes to a 5-year-old boy from Henan Province，for his touching move.He　1　 a haircut for three years to help children with cancer(癌症).
B
( )2.A.he　 B.him　　 C.his
( )3.A.a　 B.an　 C.the
A
In a video posted online，Guangnian showed　2　 30-centimeter-long hair.He thought of this form of volunteering about three years ago when he watched 　3　 program about children with cancer，in which he knew many children lost their hair because of cancer.
C
( )4.A.grow　 B.growing　 C.to grow
( )5.A.serious　 B.more serious　 C.the most serious
A
After that，Guangnian decided　4　 his hair long and give his hair to children who lost hair because of cancer.Nobody thought he was 　5　 at that time，as he was just a 3-year-old kid.
C
( )6.A.On　 B.In　 C.At
( )7.A.and　 B.or　 C.but
( )8.A.laughed　 B.is laughed　 C.was laughed
C
C
“　6　 my first day of school，I was mistaken for a girl by others.I told them I was a boy many times，　7　 they still called me a girl，which made me upset，”Guangnian said.Though Guangnian 　8　 at by others，he never thought of giving up.
A
( )9.A.brother　 B.brother’s　 C.brothers’
( )10.A.Luck　 B.Lucky　 C.Luckily
C
“Sometimes I would envy(羡慕)my little　9　 short hair because people could tell he is a boy from his look，” he said.
　10　，Guangnian’s hair is long enough now.According to Guangnian’s mother，he could give his hair to people in need this summer.
B
The Zigong Lantern Festival shows the wisdom and culture of people in Zigong.1.　 　 2008， the festival became a national-level intangible cultural heritage (国家级非物质文化遗产).So far the Zigong Lantern Festival has
2.　 　 many places in China and more than eighty countries around the world.
　reached　
四、短文填空 (2024·四川自贡中考改编)
　In　
in helpful but reach from how work most he and get our
Wan Songtao is an important leader of a lantern-making company in Zigong.He spent 3.　 　 every vacation learning lantern-making from his father when he was a teenager.To 4.　 　 better at designing (设计)， Wan studied fine art in college.
　get　
in helpful but reach from how work most he and get our
　his　
One of the 5.　 　 important parts of making a large lantern is designing.“We used to design the lanterns all by 6. 　，” said Wan.“Luckily， we can use AI for good ideas now.” Besides AI， other technologies are also very 7.　 　.“The great success of Zigong lanterns comes 8.　 　 team effort，” said Wan.His favorite work The Sundial in 2024 is the 9.　 　 of over 80 Zigong lantern makers as well as a group of engineers.It took them over 4，000 hours to make it 10.　 　 bring it to the park.
　and　
　work　
　from　
　helpful　
ourselves　
　most　
in helpful but reach from how work most he and get our

展开更多......

收起↑