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(共36张PPT)
2026届高中英语二轮复习
被动语态用法总结复习
What is passive voice
The video of robot martial arts performance at the 2026 Chinese Spring Festival Gala is widely
(praise) by audiences all over the world. This brilliant show named Wu BOT is jointly (perform) by humanoid robots from Yushu Technology and martial arts teenagers from Tagou Martial Arts School, and it
(regard) as one of the most innovative programs in the gala.
praised
performed
is regarded
the passive voice
The definition of the passive voice
is praised
is performed
is regarded
语态是动词的一种形式，表示 之间的关系。英语语态分为 两种。在 中强调的是执行动作的人或物，即主语是动作的执行者；而在 中强调的是接受动作的人或物，即主语是动作的承受者。
be + done
主语和谓语动词
主动语态和被动语态
主动语态
被动语态
The passive voice of tenses
一般过去时
Structures of passive voice
使用被动语态的句子，谓语动词的形式是“be＋动词过去分词”，被
动语态的时态体现在be动词上。常见的被动语态形式如下表：
时态 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在
过去
将来
am/is/are done
was/were done
shall/will be
done
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
has/have been done
had been done
shall/will have been
done
The usage of the passive voice
1. 不知道动作的执行者/没有必要指出动作的执行者
Every classroom (equip)with a new TV set in this school.
2. 强调动作的承受者
Traditional folk arts like paper cutting (exhibit) at the culture show now.
3.文章标题，广告新闻中
Satisfaction (guarantee)
is equipped
are being exhibited
Guaranteed
Tips
判断主语是动作发出者还是动作承受者(主谓之间有无被动)；
判断语句中的时态（根据时间状语、从句、句意）；
动词的被动语态与主语保持一致（第三人称人数、复数等）。
【运用练】　单句语法填空
①（2024·北京卷）On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood
（name） the world’s oldest living man.
②（2023·1月浙江卷）Citizens of higher social classes
（permit） to live closer to the center of the circles.
was
named　
were
permitted　
Practice of passive voice
几种常见结构的主动语态和被动语态之间的转换
主语+谓语+宾语
主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
将主动语态转换为被动语态的核心是将主动句中的宾语转换成主语。
1.主动被动的转换
Special structures
主语+谓语+宾语
主动句： He broke the cup.
被动句： The cup was broken by him.
1.主动被动的转换
Special structures
将主动语态转换为被动语态的核心是将主动句中的宾语转换成主语。
主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
主动句： My father is telling me an interesting story now.
间接宾语
直接宾语
被动句： an interesting story by my father now.
被动句： to me by my father now.
将间接宾语变为被动句的主语时，保留直接宾语。
将直接宾语变为被动句的主语时，间接宾语的前面要加上介词for或to。
1.主动被动的转换
Special structures
am being told
is being told
I
An interesting story
主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
主动句： While I tend to buy a lot of books, they gave me these three as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them.
间接宾语
直接宾语
被动句： these three as gifts by them.
被动句： to me as gifts by them.
1.主动被动的转换
Special structures
将间接宾语变为被动句的主语时，保留直接宾语。
将直接宾语变为被动句的主语时，间接宾语的前面要加上介词for或to。
I
was given
These three
were given
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
注意：并非所有双宾语结构都能变成两种形式的被动句，当直接宾语是从句时，就不能变成被动句的主语。
1.主动被动的转换
Special structures
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
主动句： His words made me feel happy.
被动句： I was made to feel happy by his words.
宾语
宾语补足语
在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中，则不能省略to。
将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动。
1.主动被动的转换
Special structures
Practice
【运用练】　将句子改为被动语态
He can’t have been off long, for I heard him make a call in the
passage just now.
→He can’t have been off long, for he in
the passage (by me) just now.
I was made (realise) what terrible problems we would face by the shocking news.
was heard to make a call　
to realise　
在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中，则不能省略to。
将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动。
Summary
主语+谓语+宾语
将主动语态转换为被动语态的核心是将主动句中的宾语转换成主语。
主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
将间接宾语变为被动句的主语时，保留直接宾语。
将直接宾语变为被动句的主语时，间接宾语的前面要加上介词for或to。
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动。
在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中，则不能省略to。
1.主动被动语态之间的转换
Accidents like this happen all the time.
不及物动词，如happen， appear, rise, occur, lie ，spread等（本身意义完整，不需要接宾语，即没有动作地承受者）。
Special structures
2.不能用被动语态的情况
The news (spread)quickly
spread
Numerals consist of two types: the cardinal and the ordinal.
某些固定短语，如 take place(发生), break out(爆发), run out(用光), belong to(属于), consist of (由……组成)等。
Special structures
2.不能用被动语态的情况
The war was broken out in 1941.
The war broke out in 1941.
√
The idea sounds fine in theory, but will it work？
连系动词如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、seem、appear、prove等后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
Special structures
The food (taste) delicious.
tastes
主动表示被动意义
2.不能用被动语态的情况
This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.
表示主语性质的不及物动词 wash、write、sell、open、close、shut、lock、cook、cut等与easily、well、perfectly等副词时。
Special structures
My new pen (write) well.
writes
2.不能用被动语态的情况
主动表示被动意义
My wife tells me that this ladder needs repairing.
动词need、want、require、deserve、demand等后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，此时动名词的主动形式可与不定式的被动形式互换。
need doing = need to be done
=My wife tells me that this ladder needs to be repaired.
Special structures
2.不能用被动语态的情况
主动表示被动意义
I think the novel is worth reading again.
The policy is partly to blame for causing the worst unemployment in Europe.
“be worth doing” 和 “be to blame”结构中，动词-ing 形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义
Special structures
2.不能用被动语态的情况
主动表示被动意义
The water is not fit to drink, so hold out until we get to the shop.
在“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”句型中，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此句型常用的形容词有
amusing、comfortable、dangerous、difficult、easy、fit、hard、important、impossible、interesting、nice、pleasant、funny等
Special structures
2.不能用被动语态的情况
主动表示被动意义
I have a lot of work to do at present.
There is a lot of work to be done.
动词不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成动宾关系，且句中出现动作的逻辑主语时，要用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
Special structures
2.不能用被动语态的情况
主动表示被动意义
The question (discuss) is important.
We have a question (discuss) in class.
to be discussed
to discuss
Summary
2.不能用被动语态的情况
不及物动词，如happen, appear, rise, occur, lie, spread等（本身意义完整，不需要接宾语，即没有动作的承受者）。
某些固定短语，如 take place(发生), break out(爆发), run out(用光), belong to(属于), consist of (由……组成)等。
主动表示被动意义
连系动词如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、seem、appear、prove等后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
表示主语性质的不及物动词 wash、write、sell、open、close、shut、lock、cook、cut等与easily、well、perfectly等副词时。
Summary
动词need、want、require、deserve、demand等后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，此时动名词的主动形式可与不定式的被动形式互换，need doing =need to be done
“be worth doing” 和 “be to blame”结构中，动词-ing 形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义
在“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”句型中，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此句型常用的形容词有amusing、comfortable、dangerous、difficult、easy、fit、hard、important、impossible、interesting、nice、pleasant、funny等
动词不定式作定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系（被动关系），且句中出现动作的逻辑主语时，用主动形式表被动含义。
Special structures
“get+done”构成被动语态
用来表示状态或情况, 常考的形式如：
get married 结婚 get engaged 订婚
get hurt / wounded 受伤 get lost 迷路
get drunk 喝醉了
get caught / stuck / trapped 被困 get dressed 穿好衣服
get run over 被(车)轧
3.被动意义的其他结构
Special structures
有一类接宾语从句的动词，如say, expect, report, think, believe, suppose, consider, know等，用it作形式主语的固定搭配。
It is said that …
It is reported that …
It is hoped that …
It is well known that …
It is believed that …
Special structures
非谓语动词的被动情况。
The house to be built next year is our lab.
The house being built now is our lab.
The house built last year is our lab.
Mr Smith felt upset for （turn） away from the concert he had longed for.
The historical novel （publish） next month is based on a true story.
being turned　
to be published　
表将来和被动
表进行和被动
Special structures
动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如
此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
The nursing worker took good care of the old man, which reassured us much.
→The old man was taken good care of by the nursing worker, which reassured us much.
Summary
主语+谓语+宾语
主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
主动被动语态之间的转换
不能用被动语态的情况
不及物动词，如happen等本身意义完整，不需要接宾语。
某些固定短语，如 take place(发生)等。
主动表示被动意义
连系动词如look等后接表语时
表示主语性质的不及物动词 wash等与easily、等副词时
动词need doing=need to be done等
be worth doing” 和 “be to blame”
主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式
动词不定式作定语...
被动意义的其他结构
“get+done”构成被动语态
用it作形式主语的固定搭配
非谓语动词的被动情况
动词短语
Practice
单句语法填空
1.（2025·全国一卷听力）Today is Wednesday. Students (dismiss) an hour and a half early on Wednesdays.
2.（2025·全国一卷）Whole neighbourhoods (destroy) to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.
3.（2025·全国二卷）Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it
(design) from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.
are dismissed
were destroyed
was designed
Practice
单句语法填空
4.（2025·全国一卷）The players’ personalities (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent.
5.（2024·新课标I卷听力）He (vote) National Sports Writer of the Year eleven times.
6.(2023·全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can (employ ) today to draw attention to important truths.
are revealed
has been voted
be employed
Practice
完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用被动语态
The Wandering Earth is a science fiction novel which 1.
(刘慈欣所写).It 2. (被认为是） one of the best science fiction stories. After the novel 3. (被出版), it drew wide attention. The story of the novel 4. (基于科学), imagination and personal experience.
is written
by Liu Cixin　
was published
is based on science　
is considered as　
Ⅰ.基础题型练
1. To make way for the wide street, these houses need
(pull) down.
2. Mr Smith felt upset for (turn) away from the
concert he had longed for.
3. We are confident that the environment (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
pulling / to be
pulled　
being turned　
will be improved　
Thank you !

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