资源简介

(共117张PPT)
Unit 2　
Sports culture
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
　　Sports culture is a testament to the spirit of humanity,where ambition and unselfishness coexist.Participation and competition are the core of sport,and we all embrace the concept of fair play.The joint efforts on the field teach us the importance of solidarity and perseverance.
Furthermore,sport fosters a sense of discipline and respect.Through highs and lows of competitions,we learn valuable life lessons that transcend the boundaries of the playing field.
体育文化是人类精神的体现,它倡导抱负与无私并存。参与和竞争是体育的核心,我们都秉持公平竞争的理念。在赛场上的共同努力教会我们齐心协力和坚持不懈的重要性。此外,体育还培养了一种纪律性和尊重感,通过比赛中的高潮与低谷,我们学到了超越赛场界限的宝贵人生经验。
Welcome to the unit,Reading,
Grammar and usage
Part 1
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　 n.团结,齐心协力
2. adj.种族的;种族间的
3. adj.联合的,共同的
n.关节;接合处
4. (also )adv.以后,后来
5. vi.接着做,继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进,前往
写作词汇
solidarity
racial
joint
afterwards
afterward
proceed
6. n.(统称)人,人类;人性;人道,仁慈
7. vi.& vt.属于某等级,把……分等级;排列,使排成行
n.地位,级别;等级;排,列;军衔
8. n.趋势,趋向
9. adj.完全同样的
10. adj.同伴的,同情况的,同类的
n.同辈,同类;男人,家伙
humanity
rank
trend
identical
fellow
11. n.接力赛
vt.转发(信息、消息等);播放,转播
12. n.胸部;大箱子
13. n.面颊,脸颊
14. n.踝,踝关节
15. adv.逐渐地,逐步地
16. n.(委员会的)委员长,主席;(会议的)主席,主持人
17. vt.& vi.倒,斟;倾倒,倒出;涌流,倾泻;下大雨
relay
chest
cheek
ankle
gradually
chairman
pour
1.BCE　　　　　 abbr.
2.motto n.(pl.mottoes,mottos)
3.boundary n.
4.flame n.
5.hurdle n.(pl.hurdles)
6.advent n.
阅读词汇
公元前
格言,座右铭
边界,分界线
火焰,火舌
跨栏赛;栏架;障碍
(重要事件、人物等的)到来,出现
7.ascend vi.& vt.
8.half-marathon n.
9.amateur n.
adj.
10.session n.
11.marathon n.
12.constitution n.
上升,升高,登高
半程马拉松赛跑
业余运动员,业余爱好者;生手,外行
业余的
一段时间,一场;会议,开庭;学年
马拉松赛跑;马拉松式的活动 (或工作)
体质,身体素质;宪法,章程
拓展词汇
1. vi.参加,参与→participation n.参与,参加→participant n.参与者,参加者
2. vi.参加比赛;竞争→competition n.比赛;竞争→competitor n.竞争者;对手→competitive adj.有竞争力的
3. adj.多种多样的,不同的→diversity n.多样性
4. vt.激励,激发;成为……的动机,是……的原因→motivation n.动机,原因;积极性→motivated adj.积极的,主动的
participate
compete
diverse
motivate
5. vt.表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示 vi.游行示威→
demonstration n.展现;示范;证明;游行示威
6. vt.& vi.称赞,赞许;鼓掌→applause n.掌声
7. adj.一致的,始终如一的;连续的→consistently adv.连贯地;坚持地→consistency n.连贯性;一致性
8. n.选举,推选;当选→elect vt.选举;选择→elective adj.选举的;可选择的
demonstrate
applaud
consistent
election
9. n.信心;宗教信仰→faithful adj.忠实的;守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地;诚心诚意地
10. n.追求的目标,夙愿;野心,雄心,壮志→ambitious adj.有野心的;有抱负的
11. n.限度,限制;限量,限额;界限 vt.限制,限定;限量,减量→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限制的→limitation n.限制
faith
ambition
limit
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.come to public attention　　
2.call on sb to do sth
3.in the hope of
4.compete in
5.die out
引起了公众的关注
正式邀请某人做某事;
请求某人做某事
希望能;怀着……的希望
参加比赛
灭绝,消失;不复存在
6.bring sth back to life
7.make joint efforts
8.be allowed to do
9.proceed to do
使复活;使恢复生机
共同努力
被允许做……
接着做
重点句型
1. a Frenchman,Pierre de Coubertin, brought the Olympics back to life.(强调句型)
是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
It was
who
2. the original Olympic motto “Faster,Higher,Stronger”,many well-known athletes,both male and female,have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.(过去分词短语作状语)
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越,突破人类成就的极限。
Motivated by
3.He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics,when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA,
.(现在分词短语作状语)
他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注,当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌,在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋与优秀的品性。
demonstrating great talent
and personality in the process
4. ,she returned to the Olympics and won a silver medal in 2016,just two years after giving birth to her first child.(as if引导方式状语从句)
但是她仿佛认为那还不够,2016年,在生下第一个孩子仅仅两年后,她又重返奥运赛场并斩获一枚银牌。
As if that were not enough
5.At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games,Liu Xiang became
in the men’s 110-metre hurdles,
,the Chinese women’s volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final.(the+序数词+名词+to do; while作连词)
2004年雅典奥林匹克运动会上,刘翔成为第一位赢得男子110米跨栏金牌的亚洲人,而在2016年里约热内卢奥林匹克运动会上,中国女子排球队在决赛中艰苦作战取得了胜利。
the first Asian to
win the gold medal
while at the 2016 Rio
Olympic Games
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与社会——体育文化、体育精神。
2.语篇类型:网站文章。
3.课文内容分析:
本文是一篇网站文章,话题为“奥运会”。文章介绍了奥运会的方方面面,包括其起源和发展、奥运名将的励志故事以及中国在奥运会上取得的种种成就,字里行间洋溢着对奥运精神的歌颂和对世界各国奥运健儿们的赞许。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
History
modern
athletes
greatest
contributions
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What can we learn about the ancient Olympics
[A] Only men from the world had the right to participate.
[B] The athletes competed in as many events as today.
[C] They might be held only at Olympia,Greece.
[D] Greek athletes left their country around the year 393.
C
(　　)2.From the third paragraph,what do we know about Coubertin
[A] He was born in 1896.
[B] He hoped the Olympics would bring peace to the world.
[C] He put forward the motto “Faster,Higher,Stronger”.
[D] He devoted himself to achieving sporting excellence.
B
(　　)3.What do we know about Cassius Clay and Jessica Ennis-Hill
[A] They are both track and field athletes.
[B] They both won more than one gold medal.
[C] They both thought great talent can lead to sporting excellence.
[D] They both should be applauded for their excellent achievements.
D
二次开发·深研课文
▲
The Olympic Games
Every four years,thousands of highly trained and 1.　　　　 (talent) athletes gather together to test their abilities against each other.This is the Olympics—an extraordinary sporting event 2.　 　　　 was first celebrated about 3,000 years ago.
During the early Games,only Greek men were allowed 3.
(participate).The ancient Olympic Games were held at Olympia in Greece every four years for almost 12 4.　 　　　 (century).The modern Olympics were first held in 1896,in Athens.
talented
which/that
to participate
centuries
5.　　　　 was a Frenchman,Pierre de Coubertin,who brought the Olympics back to life.People from diverse backgrounds have devoted themselves to 6.　 　　　 (achieve) sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
There are many respectable Olympians.One such Olympian was the boxer Muhammad Ali.By the time he died in 2016,Ali 7.
(recognize) as one of the greatest boxers of all time.Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill.In an interview she 8.　　　　 (reveal) that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.
It
achieving
had been recognized
revealed
The 2008 Beijing Olympics called 9.　　　　 the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World,One Dream”.Another historic moment for China came when Beijing successfully hosted the 2022 Winter Olympics after winning the
10.　　　　 (elect) in 2015.
on
election
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.participate vi.参与,参加
·participation n.参与,参加
·participant n.参与者,参加者
[教材原句] During the early Games,only Greek men were allowed to participate.
早期的奥运会只允许希腊男性参赛。
例 He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing.
他总是尽全力参与他们组织的活动。
例 (话题写作之活动报道)Last Sunday,our school held a 5 km cross-country race,and about 300 students from all grades participated in the race.
上周日,我们学校举行了5千米的越野赛跑,来自各个年级的约300名学生参加了该比赛。
participate in=take part in 参加,参与
例 (应用文写作之通知)Those who want to participate in the competition are supposed to present relevant materials before May 2.
那些想参加比赛的人应该在5月2日前交上相关材料。
participate in=take part in 参加,参与
归纳拓展
participate in=take part in 参加,参与
participate with sb in sth 与某人分担某事
participate in (doing) sth with sb 与某人一起参加/参与(做)某事
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
For all the 　　　 　,the activity is a good opportunity and the
　　 　　 in the activity will further strengthen their overall competence.(participate)
上周末,我参加了学生会组织的“了解周围的植物”活动。
Last weekend,I 　　　　　　 　　 a“Getting to know the plants around us” activity organized by our Students’ Union.
participants
participation
took part in/participated in
2.compete vi.参加比赛;竞争
·competition n.比赛;竞争
·competitor n.竞争者;对手
·competitive adj.有竞争力的
[教材原句] They competed in such events as boxing,running and the long jump.
他们的竞赛项目包括拳击、赛跑和跳远。
例 (2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)On October 11,hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota.
10月11日,数百名选手在明尼苏达州参加了一场越野赛跑。
compete in...参加……比赛;在……方面竞争
例 Above all,I hoped he wouldn’t assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow.
最重要的是,我希望他不要指派我与那个极具竞争力且极其严肃的家伙一起工作。
例 (读后续写之动作描写)In the pumpkin field,I competed with my three brothers to seek out the biggest pumpkin.
在南瓜地里,我和三个哥哥比赛寻找最大的南瓜。
compete with/against...for...为争取……而与……
对抗/竞争
归纳拓展
·compete for 为……而竞争
compete with/against...for...为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
compete in...参加……比赛;在……方面竞争
·in competition with与……进行竞争
[语境运用] 语段填空
作为最小的比赛者,我必须和另外20名优秀学生在写作比赛中竞争以获得年度写作奖。要成为获胜者,我必须要有很强的竞争力。
As the youngest 　　　 　(compete),I had to compete 　　　　 the writing contest 　　　 　 20 other top students 　　　　 the annual writing award.I must be very 　　　 　(compete) to be the winner.
competitor
in
with/against
for
competitive
这两位运动员正在争夺金牌。比赛的结果很难预测,因为这两位选手都很优秀,也很有竞争力。
The two athletes are 　 　　　 for the gold medal.The result of the
　　　 　 is hard to predict because the two 　　　 　 are both excellent and 　 　　　.(compete)
competing
competition
competitors
competitive
3.motivate vt.激励,激发;成为……的动机,是……的原因
·motivation n.动机,原因;积极性
·motivated adj.积极的,主动的,有动机的
[教材原句] Motivated by the original Olympic motto “Faster,Higher,
Stronger”,many well-known athletes,both male and female,have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
在原先的奥运口号“更快、更高、更强”的激励下,许多著名的男女运动员致力于在体育运动方面追求卓越,突破人类成就的极限。
例 It is generally accepted that people are motivated by success.
普遍认为,成功催人奋进。
be motivated by...受……激励/激发
例 The plan is designed to motivate employees to work more efficiently.
这个计划旨在促使员工更有效率地工作。
motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
归纳拓展
·motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
be motivated by...受……激励/激发
·the motivation for (doing) sth (做)某事的动机
[语境运用] 完成句子
(话题写作之活动报道)学校组织了职业日活动,以激励学生思考他们的未来目标。
The school organized a Career Day event
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
你当医生的动机是什么
What’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a doctor
to motivate students to
think about their future goals
your motivation for becoming
(话题写作之活动报道)在了解了可持续性的重要性后,学生们感到有动力加入学校的环保俱乐部。
The students 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 after learning about the importance of sustainability.
felt motivated to join the school’s environmental club
4.proceed vi.接着做,继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进,前往
[教材原句] Afterwards,this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964,and later changed his name to the one we all know—Muhammad Ali.
后来,这位年轻人又在1964年成为了世界重量级拳击冠军,之后将名字改成了我们耳熟能详的穆罕默德·阿里。
例 Passengers for Rome should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.
前往罗马的旅客,请到32号登机口登机。
proceed to+地点 前往某地
例 Until these conditions are met,we cannot proceed with the sale.
除非这些条件得到满足,否则我们不能进行这项交易。
proceed with sth 继续某事
例 (读后续写之动作描写)He pulled back the curtain and then proceeded to open the window.
他拉开窗帘,接着打开窗户。
proceed to do sth(=go on doing sth) 接着做某事,
继续做某事
归纳拓展
proceed to do sth(=go on doing sth) 接着做某事,继续做某事
proceed with sth 继续某事
proceed to+地点 前往某地
[语境运用] 完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)他停顿了一下,深吸几口气,然后继续向她讲述整个事情的原委。
He paused,took a few deep breaths and then
　　　　　　　　　.
携带小孩的乘客,请前往6号检票口。
Passengers with small children,please　　　　　　　　　　　　 No.6 ticket barrier.
我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销。
We’re not sure whether we will 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
proceeded to tell her the
whole story
proceed to
proceed with the sale
5.call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事
[教材原句] The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World,One Dream”.
2008年北京奥运会以“同一个世界,同一个梦想”为口号,号召全世界共享奥运精神,为人类共建美好未来。
例 (话题写作之校园生活)The principal called on all students to participate in the upcoming school marathon to promote physical fitness.
校长呼吁所有学生参加即将到来的学校马拉松,以促进身体健康。
例 (话题写作之校园生活)The teacher calls on her students to volunteer for the community service project to foster a sense of social responsibility.
老师呼吁她的学生主动参加社区服务项目,以培养社会责任感。
归纳拓展
call at 拜访(某地);停靠
call back 回电话
call for 需要,要求得到
call off 取消
call on/upon 拜访(某人);号召(某人)
call it a day 结束一天工作,停止
[语境运用] 用call相关短语的适当形式填空
I 　　　　　　　　 his house twice,but he happened to be out each time.
We had to 　　　　　　 the sports meeting because of the rainstorm.
Why don’t you 　　　　　　　　 my sister when you were in Britain
The job 　　　　　　　　 great patience and that’s why I think you are fit for it.
It’s time we should 　　　　　　　 people to use cloth bags and baskets instead of plastic bags.
called at
call off
call on/upon
calls for
call on
6.faith n.信心;宗教信仰
·faithful adj.忠实的;守信的
·faithfully adv. 忠实地;诚心诚意地
[教材原句] As Coubertin believed,“With the Olympic Games,each generation celebrates its advent,its joy of living,its faith in the future,its ambition and its will to ascend.”
正如顾拜旦所信奉的,“有了奥林匹克运动会,每一代人都能庆祝他们的存在、他们生活的喜悦、他们对未来的信念、他们的雄心,以及他们进取的决心。”
例 You should have faith in yourself and don’t give up easily.
你应该对自己有信心,不要轻易放弃。
have faith in sb/ sth 对某人/某事有信心
例 Despite the challenges,he remained faithful to his principles and never compromised.
尽管面临各种挑战,但他始终坚守原则,从未妥协。
be faithful to sb/sth 忠实于某人/某事
归纳拓展
·have faith in sb/ sth 对某人/某事有信心
lose faith in不再信任;对……失去信心
·be faithful to sb/sth 忠实于某人/某事
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The 　　　 　(faith) dog started barking wildly as if it sensed the danger was coming.
He is faithful 　　　　 his friends and always stands by them when they are in trouble.
尽管前路坎坷,但我始终对她有信心,相信她能够克服困难,实现自己的目标。
Despite the obstacles ahead,I always 　　　　　　　　　　 and believe that she can overcome the difficulties and achieve her goals.
faithful
to
have faith in her
7.limit n.限度,限制;限量,限额;界限　vt.限制,限定;限量,减量
·limited adj.有限的
·limitless adj.无限制的
·limitation n.限制
[教材原句] I ran my race relaxed and confident,even though my limits were being tested like never before.
我轻松自信地跑着比赛,尽管自己的极限正受到前所未有的考验。
例 The coach emphasized the importance of knowing one’s physical limits during sports practice.
教练强调了在运动练习中了解个人身体极限的重要性。
例 In order to maintain focus,we must limit our attention to the most critical tasks.
为了保持专注,我们必须把我们的注意力限定在最关键的任务上。
limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
例 Many people in China have limited exposure to English.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
在中国,许多人接触英语的机会有限。这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难。
归纳拓展
·limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
·be limited to 受限于……,局限到……
·set a limit to sth对……限定范围
There is a /no limit to ……是有限的/无限的
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Your speech is a little long,so you’d better try to limit it　　five minutes.
Even though time is　　　　in our life,our potential to realize our dream is　　　　.(limit)
(应用文写作之通知)事实上,对于捐赠的物品是没有限制的,也就是说,新的或二手的都受欢迎。
Actually,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　;that is,new or second-hand ones will be equally welcomed.
to
limited
limitless
there will be no limit to the donation
重点句式
强调句型
▲
[教材原句] It was a Frenchman,Pierre de Coubertin,who brought the Olympics back to life.
是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。
例 It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued.
正是在本地向导的帮助下,那位登山者才得以被救。
例 It was my former teacher who/that I met in the park yesterday.
我昨天在公园里遇到的是我以前的老师。
例 It was not until he got home 30 minutes later that he found he had left his bag in the taxi.
直到到家三十分钟后他才发现他把包落在出租车上了。
归纳拓展
·基本句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。
·一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分
·特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他部分
·“not...until...结构”的强调句型:
It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分。
温馨提示
①判断句子是否是强调句,就是把句子中的It is/was...that/who去掉后,如果能还原为结构和意义完整的句子,则为强调句型。
②该强调句型强调除谓语动词以外的句子成分(句子的主语、宾语或状语)。
③被强调部分为“人”时,用that/who;被强调部分为“事物”时,只能用that。
[语境运用] 完成句子
当他回到家时,他才知道发生了什么事。
It was when he got back to his home that 　 　　　　　　　　　　.
你是前天在超市遇见张先生的吗
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 that you met Mr Zhang in the supermarket
he knew what had happened
Was it the day before yesterday
是什么使他没来参加我们的周末聚会
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 prevented him from attending our party over the weekend
直到一位医生走进房间,我才意识到我在医院。
It was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I realized that I was in the hospital.
What was it that
not until a doctor came into the room that
“the+序数词+名词+to do”结构
▲
[教材原句] At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games,Liu Xiang became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110-metre hurdles...
2004年雅典奥林匹克运动会上,刘翔成为第一位赢得男子110米跨栏金牌的亚洲人……
例 (读后续写之环境描写)The plum trees are the first to flower even as the snow is melting.
当雪还在融化时,梅树就最先开花了。
例 I don’t think he is the best man to do the job.
我认为他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。
例 Surprisingly,I was among the first to gain entry to the palace when it reopened to the public recently.
出乎意料的是,当宫殿最近重新向公众开放时,我是第一批进入其中的人。
归纳拓展
本句中to win the gold medal为动词不定式短语作后置定语,修饰the first Asian。
常用动词不定式作后置定语的情况:
·位于序数词、形容词最高级后或名词被序数词、形容词最高级或only、 last、 next等词修饰时;
·一些名词后常用不定式作定语,常见的名词有:time、 way、 reason、 chance、 right、 courage等;
·当被修饰的词为something、 nothing、 anything 等不定代词时,常用不定式作后置定语。
温馨提示
名词前有序数词修饰时,其后常接动词不定式作定语。如果名词与不定式之间是主动关系,不定式要用主动形式(to do);如果是被动关系,则不定式要用被动形式(to be done)。
[语境运用] 完成句子
她是第二位获得奥运会金牌的女运动员。
She is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the Olympic Games.
她是第一个在我们学校提出回收计划的人,这个计划现在已成为一个重要的倡议。
She was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in our school,which has now become a major initiative.
the second woman to win the gold medal
the first person to suggest a recycling programme
事情发生得太突然了,我没有机会为她做任何事。
It happened so suddenly that I didn’t have the chance
for her.
这是解决问题的最好办法吗
Is that the best way 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
准备好!医生下一个要给你做检查了。
Get ready! You will be the next one 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
to do anything
to solve the problem
to be examined by the doctor
长难句分析
[教材原句] In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。 为that引导的宾语从句, 为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词the training。
自主翻译:她在采访中透露,自己维持良好表现的秘诀在于从不缺席训练。
[语境运用] 情境写作
他在一次交谈中说,自己取得显著进步的关键在于他从未打乱的每天的
练习。
In a conversation he said that the key to his remarkable progress was his daily practice that he never broke.
语法微专题2
过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态
语法原句再现
Six weeks ago,my friends told me that a city half-marathon for amateurs was being organized to help raise money for charity,and encouraged me to take part.
I ran my race relaxed and confident,even though my limits were being tested like never before.
仔细观察黑体部分,可以发现它们都同时包含过去时、进行时和被动语态,这种语法现象被称为过去进行时的被动语态。
一、过去进行时的被动语态
语法知识点拨
(一)过去进行时的被动语态的概念
过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的被动动作。
They were planting trees at this time yesterday.(过去进行时的主动语态)
→Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday.(过去进行时的被动语态)
昨天的这个时候,他们正在种树。
(二)过去进行时的被动语态的基本结构
1.过去进行时的被动语态的肯定式为“was/were+being done”。
Another bridge was being built over the river then.
那时,河上正在建造另一座大桥。
2.过去进行时的被动语态的否定式为“was/were not+being done”。
The proposal was not being carried out well then.
那时,该提议执行得并不顺利。
3.过去进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句须将was/were提到主语的前面,回答用yes/no。
Was a new station being built in this city
这个城市当时正在修建一个新车站吗
4.过去进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问句式为“特殊疑问词+was/were(+主语)+
being done”。
What was being discussed at the time
当时(你们)在讨论什么
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
Tom said that his house 　　 　　(rebuild) so he had to rent one instead.
I’m sorry I didn’t answer your phone call,because at that time a lecture
　 　　　(deliver) by my teacher.
was being rebuilt
was being delivered
(三)过去进行时的被动语态的用法
1.过去进行时的被动语态可用于表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的被动动作。
He was being interviewed when his sister called him to the airport.
当他的姐姐打电话叫他去机场时,他正在接受采访。
This film was being shown at that time.
那时,这部电影正在放映。
2.过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间或表示次数的状语连用,如要与这样的状语连用,需要用现在完成时的被动语态。
The watch was being repaired twice.(　×　)
→The watch has been repaired twice.(　√　)
这块手表被修了两次了。
The house over there was being built for two months.(　×　)
→The house over there has been built for two months.(　√　)
那里的那座房子已经建了两个月了。
[语境运用] 完成句子
我在那里时,会议正在举行。
A meeting 　　　　　　　　　　 when I was there.
去年的这个时候,这所大学正在建造。
The college 　　　　　　　　　　 at this time last year.
was being held
was being built
(四)过去进行时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
过去进行时的被动语态表示的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作,强调过程;一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动的动作已经发生
了,强调结果。
The research was being done when the professor went into the lab last night.(过去进行时的被动语态)
昨晚教授走进实验室时,那项研究正在进行中。
Some computers were stolen last night.(一般过去时的被动语态)
昨晚一些电脑被偷了。
[语境运用] 翻译句子
有两只玻璃杯在清洗时被打碎了。
Two of the glasses were broken when they were being washed.
上周一些树被砍倒了。
Some trees were cut down last week.
语法原句再现
When my breathing returned to normal,I reflected on what had just been achieved.
I was happy to learn that a lot of money had been raised for charity.
以上句子均含有had been done的谓语动词形式。had been done构成过去完成时的被动语态。
二、过去完成时的被动语态
语法知识点拨
过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时态和被动语态的结合,表示在过去某一时刻或某个动作发生前已经完成的被动动作,句中常用by、before、until、when等词引导时间状语。
(一)构成
1.过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式为“had been done”。
The task had been finished before 12:00 yesterday.
任务已于昨天12点前完成。
2.过去完成时的被动语态的否定式为“had not been done”。
The task hadn’t been finished before 12:00 yesterday.
任务在昨天12点前仍未完成。
3.过去完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句须将had提到主语的前面。
Had the task been finished before 12:00 yesterday
任务在昨天12点前完成了吗
4.过去完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为“特殊疑问词+had(+主语)been done”。
Why had the project been cancelled before the deadline
为什么这个项目在截止日期前就被取消了
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
Word came that Li Hua　　　 　 (admit) to a university.
—Why didn’t you attend the meeting yesterday
—Well,I　　　 　 (tell) anything about that.
　　　　 all the tickets 　　　 　 (sell) out when Mary hurried to the box office
What　 　　　 (achieve) at the end of the activity held by our school last month
had been admitted
hadn’t been told　
Had
been sold
had been achieved
(二)用法
过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况。
1.表示过去某一时刻或某个动作发生前已经完成的被动动作,常与by、before、until、when等词引导的时间状语连用。
By the time he got to the school,the first period had been finished.
他来到学校时,第一节课已结束。
The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.
在老师来之前,教室并未清扫。
2.在tell、say、know、hear、think等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示过去某一被动动作,则用过去完成时的被动语态。
They said the production costs had been reduced.
据他们讲,生产成本已下降。
The man was reminded that his report had not been handed in.
那个男人被提醒说,他的报告还未提交。
3.根据语意可以判断出过去动作先后的被动语态,用过去完成时的被动
语态。
As the assignment had been done,he went on to read his book.
任务已完成,他开始读书。
He did what he had been told to.
他做了别人要求他做的事。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
By the end of last year ,another new gymnasium
(complete) in Beijing.
The work was done earlier than it 　　 　　(plan).
His house 　 　　　(damage) in the heavy rain,so he moved to his parents’ house.
had been completed
had been planned
had been damaged
(三)特殊句式
1.用于“It was the first/second/...time that+主语+had been done(+其他)”句型中。
It was the first time that the meeting had been held in Zhengzhou.
那是该会议第一次在郑州召开。
2.在虚拟条件句中,条件从句表示对过去的情况的假设时,用“if+主语+had been done(+其他)”句型。
If I had been invited earlier,I would have gone there.
如果早点儿邀请我的话,我就去那儿了。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
It was the first time that I 　 　 　　(invite) to a wedding party.
If the new safety system 　 　　　(put) to use,the accident would never have happened.
had been invited
had been put
真题体验
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm,my flight 　　 　　
(delay) by an hour and a half.I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague.
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。分析可知,flight与delay是被动关系;由后面的touched down可知,动作发生在过去,delay应在此之前,应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been delayed。
had been delayed
2.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷改编)Within weeks,it
(digest),and all that was left was pure water.
【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。根据后面并列分句中的was可知,“消化”在“剩下”之前,应该用过去完成时;且“消化”与主语之间为被动关系。故填had been digested。
had been digested
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The chef said the menu 　　 　　 (adjust) to suit local tastes.That’s why more customers were flooding into the restaurant.
2.—Is there a plan to reconstruct the old club
—Yes,a plan 　　 　　(make) at that time.It is expected that we will see a new football club next year.
had been adjusted
was being made
3.When I opened my door and was about to leave,I noticed that two men
　　 　　(question) by the police.
4.His newly written novel 　　 　　(translate) into English by the end of last month.
5.It was the first time that the paintings 　　　 　(display) in the US.
6.When I entered the room,I found that the salesman’s salary
　　　 　(discuss) at the meeting.
were being questioned
had been translated
had been displayed
was being
discussed
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.他告诉我商店正在出售一些新自行车。
He told me that some new bikes 　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the shop.
2.上个月的这个时候,这座桥正在修理,现在可以使用了。
The bridge 　　　　　　　　　　　 this time last month and now it can be used.
3.当我们到达时,一场音乐会正在那里举行。
When we arrived,a concert 　　　　　　　　 there.
were being sold
was being repaired
was being held　
4.外面有很大的噪声,因为当时房子正在修理。
There was a lot of noise outside because repair work 　　　 　 to the house at that time.
5.他说在救护车到达时伤口已经被恰当地处理过了。
He said the wound 　　　　　　　　　　　　 by the time the ambulance arrived.
6.据报道,他因在社交媒体上传播谣言已被逮捕。
It was reported that he 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 spreading rumors on social media.
was being done
had been properly treated
had been arrested for
7.当我到达餐馆时,所有靠窗的桌子都被电话预订了。
All the tables by the windows 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when I got to the restaurant.
8.这场飓风结束的时候,有多少建筑物被毁坏了
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 when the hurricane ended
9.截至去年年底,这座城市建了很多高楼。
By the end of last year,many tall buildings 　　　　　　　　　　 in this city.
had been booked by telephone
How many buildings had been destroyed
had been built(共22张PPT)
Unit 2　课时作业(一)
(分值:43.5分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The restored old building is a witness to the 　　 　　(团结) in the community.
2.The journalists hold 　　　　(不同的) views on the topic.
3.The great success goes to the 　　　　(共同的) effort between different departments.
4.The new policy aims to break down the 　　 　　(边界) between different departments within the company.
solidarity
diverse
joint
boundaries
5.　 　　　(后来),they went for a walk to clear their minds after the intense meeting.
6.The police　　　 　(继而做) to investigate the case.
7.The audience 　 　　　(鼓掌) loudly after the orchestra’s magnificent performance.
8.Salesmen wearing 　　　　(完全同样的) blue shirts are advertising the new mobile device.
Afterwards
proceeded
applauded
identical
9.As a 　　　　(同类的) musician,he understood the challenges she faced in her career.
10.The twin brothers competed in the 　　　　(接力赛) for the gold medal.
fellow
relay
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共9题;每题1.5分,共13.5分)
1.She has an 　　　 　(ambition) plan to climb the highest peak in every continent.
2.His sister is a good player in table tennis,　　　　(rank) the third in the world now.
3.We were given a brief 　 　　　(demonstrate) of the computer’s functions.
4.The newly 　　　 　(elect) mayor has promised to improve public transportation.
ambitious
ranking
demonstration
elected
5.His 　　　 　 (participate) in the research project led to significant findings.
6.The 　　 　　(compete) between the two companies has driven innovation in the industry.
7.He taught me a lot of things without any purpose and 　　　
(motivate).
8.I have been a 　　　　(faith) reader of your newspaper for many years.
9.The results are entirely 　 　　　(consist) with our earlier research.
participation
competition
motivation
faithful
consistent
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.学校鼓励所有学生参加社区服务项目,以培养责任感。(participate in)
The school encourages all students to participate in community service projects to develop a sense of responsibility.
2.他们决定搬到一个新城市,希望能得到更好的工作机会。(in the hope of)
They decided to move to a new city in the hope of getting better job opportunities.
3.Bob是我们班第一个获得物理竞赛一等奖的人。(the+序数词+名词+
to do)
Bob is the first person in our class to win the first prize in the physics competition.
4.会议结束后,团队继续讨论项目细节。(proceed to do)
The team proceeded to discuss the project details after the meeting.
5.他们正是因为出色的表现才赢得了观众的掌声。(强调句型)
It was because of their outstanding performance that they won the applause of the audience.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　It is hard to say I was a runner years ago.The longest I had ever run was 5 kilometres.What’s more,I didn’t like running.No matter how hard I tried,every so often I would fasten my old shoes,walk out of the house with heavy steps,get less than a mile in and wonder why I was bothering,
especially when there are many more satisfying ways of exercising.
Before last summer,I had never taken part in any kind of race at all.But at the end of July,I completed a triathlon (三项全能) after two weeks’ training.At the end of it came the run—which ended up more like a walk.Then I realised something about it attracted me.The extremely painful fun of doing something I hated and was unprepared for turned out to be an excitement.The difficulty felt like something to test my abilities.
When an invitation of the Berlin Marathon dropped onto my desk a few weeks after the triathlon,it felt like a change of fate.After the triathlon,I didn’t say I should start running at once.Was it because I hate running In fact,in course of running I enjoyed the joy of exceeding my limits.I felt it necessary to find out again where those limits might lie.So I said yes.
Training for a marathon often takes at least 20 weeks or more.The training plan becomes something to stop me worrying when the race seems too frightening.This worry feels impossible to avoid,but there is something equally sure about the training plan:if I follow it,then I have done everything I can;if I do everything I can,then I won’t regret what comes at the end.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加三项全能运动和马拉松比赛的经历和个人收获。
(　　)1.What aspect of the triathlon caught the writer’s attention
[A] The special feeling of facing a challenge.
[B] The joy of walking to the finish line.
[C] The excitement of winning a race.
[D] The difficulty of finishing the race.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Then I realised something...
something to test my abilities.”可知,作者在尝试过一次三项全能运动后意识到自己被自我挑战的乐趣所吸引,虽然过程很痛苦,但是也很有趣,充满刺激。故选A。
(　　)2.Why did the writer accept the invitation of the Berlin Marathon
[A] He was anxious to change his destiny.
[B] He wasn’t supposed to stop running.
[C] He wanted to realise his full potential.
[D] He was interested in taking part in another triathlon.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In fact,in course of running I enjoyed...where those limits might lie.So I said yes.”可知,作者在跑步的过程中,享受到了超越极限的快乐,想要继续超越自我,充分发挥自己的潜力,所以答应参加比赛。故选C。
(　　)3.Which of the following words can best describe the writer
[A] Patient and pessimistic.
[B] Courageous and determined.
[C] Helpful and energetic.
[D] Devoted and changeable.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章中作者参加三项全能运动和马拉松比赛的经历,还有文章最后一段中的“This worry feels impossible to avoid...then I won’t regret what comes at the end.”可知,作者想要突破极限,努力做好训练,不留遗憾。从而推断作者是一个意志坚定,敢于挑战自我的人。故选B。
(　　)4.What can we learn from the text
[A] A bad beginning makes a bad ending.
[B] Challenge ourselves to live without regrets.
[C] Life without challenges is meaningless.
[D] Exercise is the key to building a strong body.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“...there is something equally sure about the training plan...then I won’t regret what comes at the end.”可知,作者认为坚持训练是自己能做的一切,不管最后结果如何,自己尽力完成挑战便不会后悔,符合B项的观点。故选B。(共22张PPT)
Unit 2　课时作业(三)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.Health 　　 　　(保险) is essential for covering unexpected medical expenses.
2.John decided to participate in the city 　 　　　(马拉松赛跑) to challenge himself.
3.He conducted himself with grace and 　　 　　(尊严) throughout the trial.
4.During the meeting,the 　　 　　(主席) kept the discussion focused and ensured everyone had a chance to speak.
insurance
marathon
dignity
chairman
5.Sometimes the person that you trust may hurt you
(无意地).
6.I wasn’t familiar with the 　　　　(习语) so I had to guess what the chairman meant.
7.Our team has just set a new record in the 　　　　(联赛),which boosts our confidence.
8.They had 　　　 　(相反的) opinions on the best way to handle the project.
unintentionally
idioms
league
opposing
9.Learning some psychology knowledge will help you 　　　　(应付) the condition confidently.
10.Her 　 　　　(言论) during the interview were professional and well-prepared.
handle
remarks
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.It was 　　　　(unselfish) of him to leave all the work to you.
2.The most important tasks should 　 　　　(handle) first so you’ll feel a real sense of achievement.
3.We watched their ship moving 　　 　　(gradual) farther away.
4.The book detailed the 　 　　　(cruel) of the war,including the suffering of civilians.
selfish
be handled
gradually
cruelty
5.When we stop complaining 　　　　 what’s missing in our lives and start being thankful for all we have,life changes for the better.
6.Space in the exhibition hall is 　　　　(limit),so we should give priority to displaying the most significant pieces of art.
7.When practising martial arts,he 　 　　　(unintentional) injured his fist when it hit a solid object.
8.The teacher 　 　　　(remark) that the student’s essay was well-written and insightful.
about/of
limited
unintentionally
remarked
9.I 　　 　　(literal) had no idea why Sophie was screaming.
10.The teacher often sings 　　　　 praise of her students’ creativity and effort in class projects.
literally
in
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.丽莎得到那份新工作时非常高兴。(walk on air)
Lisa walked on air when she got the new job.
2.我拒绝认输,因为情况会改变。(throw in the towel)
I refuse to throw in the towel because conditions will change.
3.我和朋友们肩并肩地穿过公园,欣赏着秋天的树叶。(side by side)
My friends and I walked side by side through the park,admiring the autumn leaves.
4.今晚雾这么大,我找不到进村子的路。(find one’s way into)
The fog is so thick tonight that I can’t find my way into the village.
5.每次我尝试学习一门新语言时,我总是会被语法规则搞得不知所措。(every time引导时间状语从句)
Every time I try to learn a new language,I get confused by the grammar rules.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　I come from a family that loves sports.My father coaches Little League baseball.My mother swims nearly every weekend.My brother is on his high-school basketball team,and I am the best hitter on my middle-school volleyball team.All of us have benefited from sports.One of the most common ways for kids to take part in sports is to join a team.Joining a sports team should be a school requirement.
Playing sports is good for both the body and mind.Everyone knows that exercise helps people stay fit.For example,swimming helps your heart work better and it also helps build muscle strength.In addition,school athletes often have a healthy diet.I eat a lot of fruit and vegetables and avoid fatty foods because I must stay in great condition.
Being on a team allows students to enjoy a healthier social life.They often make more friends and can be some of the most popular kids in school.Since joining the basketball team,my brother has made friends with a lot of his teammates and has showed more interest in spending time with them.
Kids who take part in school teams sometimes earn college scholarships (奖学金).My brother’s friend,Justin,played football in high school.His family was in relatively tough circumstances.However,a college invited him to play on its team.The college is paying for him to go to school.Joining a team turned out to be one of the best decisions he had ever made.Now he studies at a great college and plays on its football team.Not every school athlete gets a college scholarship,but joining a school team makes it possible.
Although some people may not like the idea of forcing students to join a school team,its many benefits such as keeping kids healthy,new friendships,and possible scholarships cannot be denied (否认).
(　　)1.What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 2
[A] Playing sports has health benefits.
[B] Students should spend more time exercising.
[C] Swimming is an excellent sport for students.
[D] School athletes must try to eat a healthy diet.
A
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知,第二段主要讲述了运动对健康的好处。故选A。
(　　)2.How did the author’s brother change after joining the team
[A] He had a busier life.
[B] He got more chances.
[C] He worked much harder.
[D] He became more sociable.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,作者的哥哥自从加入篮球队后变得更加喜欢社交。故选D。
(　　)3.What can we infer about Justin
[A] He is a good football player.
[B] He will be given a scholarship.
[C] He is managing a school team.
[D] He is outgoing and warm-hearted.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推测,Justin是一个很好的球员,所以这所大学才会邀请他加入自己的球队,并为他支付学费。故选A。
(　　)4.What is the author’s attitude to making students join school teams
[A] He/She doubts it.
[B] He/She is in support of it.
[C] He/She is worried about it.
[D] He/She pays little attention to it.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句和最后一段可推测,作者对让学生加入学校运动队持支持态度。故选B。(共83张PPT)
Integrated skills,Extended reading,
Project,Assessment,Further study
Part 2
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　 n.对手,竞争者;反对者
2. n.尊严;自尊;高贵
3. n.习语,成语
4. n.( )球门网;网,网状物
5. n.售货员,推销员
6. vt.处理,应付;控制,操纵
n.把手,拉手;柄
写作词汇
opponent
dignity
idiom
net
the net
salesman
handle
7. n.拳,拳头
8. n.腰,腰部;(衣服的)腰部
9. n.谈论,言论
vi.& vt.说起,评论
10. n.毛巾,抹布,纸巾
fist
waist
remark
towel
1.humility　　 n.
2.bobsleigh n.
3.league n.
4.council n.
5.backfire vi.
阅读词汇
谦逊,谦虚
大雪橇(供两人或两人以上比赛用)
联赛;等级,级别
政务委员会,地方议会;市政服务机构;委员会
产生事与愿违的不良(或危险)后果
6.ballpark n.
7.venue n.
8.curveball n.
9.iron n.
vt.& vi.
棒球场;变动范围
活动场地
曲线球
铁;熨斗
(用熨斗)熨,烫平
拓展词汇
1. n.名人;名望→celebrated adj.著名的
2. n.高雅,文雅;优美;风度,体面→graceful adj.优雅的,优美的→
gracefully adv.优雅地,雅致地
3. adj.无私的,忘我的→[同义词] selfless adj.无私的→[反义词] selfish adj.自私的
4. adj.对抗的;相反的→oppose vt.反对;对抗;与(某人)较量→
opposed adj.反对的;对立的→opposition n.反对;反抗
celebrity
grace
unselfish
opposing
5. n.保险业;保险;保险费→insure vt.为……投保→insurer n.保险公司
6. vi.& vt.抱怨,投诉→complaint n.抱怨,牢骚;投诉
7. adv.无意地,非故意地→intend v.计划,打算,想要→
intention n.意图,目的→intentional adj.蓄意的,存心的
8. adj.刻毒伤人的,残酷的→cruelty n.(尤指蓄意的)残酷;残暴
9. adv.真正地,确实地;按字面,字面上→literal adj.字面的;缺乏想象的;不夸张的
insurance
complain
unintentionally
cruel
literally
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.walk on air　　　　　　　
2.keep sth in perspective
3.find one’s way into
4.move the goalposts
5.score an own goal
6.in the ballpark
欢天喜地,得意扬扬
正确客观地看待
偶然来到,无意中处于
改变条件(或规则)
进乌龙球;无意中做让自己吃亏的事
差不多
7.a ballpark estimate
8.throw sb a curveball
9.three strikes and you are out
10.below the belt
11.throw in the towel
12.side by side
13.get through to the end
大致相近的估计
给某人出难题
三振出局
不公正的,伤人的
认输,承认失败
一起,肩并肩
坚持到最后
重点句型
1. ,there are lots of sports idioms .(since引导原因状语从句;that引导定语从句)
由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分,许多体育习语也已融入人们的日常语言。
Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life
that have found their way into everyday language
2.Can you imagine that ,the goalposts are moved (every time引导时间状语从句)
你能想象,每次你有机会进球时,门柱却被移动了吗
3.English also has a large number of idioms ,
.(过去分词作后置定语;which引导非限制性定语从句)
英语中也有大量习语与拳击有关,这是一项数千年来一直很受欢迎的运动。
every time you have a chance to score
connected with boxing
which has been a popular sport for thousands of years
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与社会——体育文化。
2.语篇类型:杂志文。
3.课文内容分析:
本文是一篇杂志文章,介绍了从足球、棒球和拳击这三项广为流行的体育运动中演变而来的一些英语习语,并详细解释了这些习语的由来、含义和它们在日常生活中的应用,鼓励学生从跨文化的角度认识中外习语的深层含义。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
sports idioms
football
baseball
boxing
careful
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What do we learn about idioms
[A] They are easy to understand literally.
[B] They bring much trouble to people.
[C] They only exist in written language.
[D] They make the languages colourful.
D
(　　)2.Which of the following can be seen as an act of “moving the goalposts”
[A] To change the target in the process.
[B] To stick to the rules or requirements.
[C] To fix two big goalposts to the ground.
[D] To head the ball into the opposing team’s goal.
A
(　　)3.Which expression can be used to talk about rough estimates
[A] In the ballpark.
[B] Hitting below the belt.
[C] Three strikes and you are out.
[D] Throwing someone a curveball.
A
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.find one’s way into偶然来到,无意中处于
[教材原句] Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life,there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.
由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分,许多体育习语也已融入人们的日常语言。
例 Lost in the new city,I found my way into the local council hall,getting the most help I could expect.
在新城市迷路了,我无意间来到了当地的议会大厅,得到了我所能期待的最大帮助。
例 She is trying to find her way into the world of investment.
她正在尝试找到进入投资领域的方法。
归纳拓展
lose one’s way迷路
all the way一直;自始至终
by the way顺便说一声;顺便一提
give way (to) 让步(于);屈服(于)
in a way在某种程度上
in no way一点儿也不;决不
out of the way 不挡道;不碍事
make one’s way to 前往……
[语境运用] 用way的相关短语填空
　　　　　　　　,I am glad you made that mistake,for it’ll serve as a warning to you.
　　　　　　　　　　 can we allow this to continue.
You have to move　　　　　　　　 or the truck cannot get past you.
I quickly showered,dressed and　　　　　　　　　work on a sunny morning.
He 　　　　　　　　　　 the field of physics through diligent study.
In a way
In no way
out of the way
made my way to
found his way into
2.opposing adj.对抗的;相反的
·oppose vt.反对;对抗;与(某人)较量
·opposed adj.反对的;对立的
·opposition n.反对;反抗
[教材原句] As you know,in a football match,players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team’s goal,which is the net between two big goalposts fixed to the ground.
如你所知,在一场足球比赛中,球员们试图将球踢进或顶进对方球队的球门,也就是固定在地上的两根粗大门柱之间的那张网。
例 My friend took the opposing view and thought that the answer to that question needed further verification.
我的朋友持相反的观点,认为那道题的答案需要进一步验证。
例 Many medical experts and other groups are opposed to the idea of cloning humans.
众多医学家和其他组织都反对克隆人。
be opposed to (doing) sth反对(做)某事
归纳拓展
·oppose doing sth反对做某事
oppose sb/sb’s doing sth反对某人做某事
·be opposed to (doing) sth反对(做)某事
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Many educators strongly oppose 　　 　　(protect) children too much.
I strongly oppose children 　　　　(play) computer games.
My mother expressed her 　　 　　(oppose) to my buying a car.
起初他反对我们的建议,但我们设法使他回心转意了。
At first　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,but we managed to bring him round.
protecting
playing
opposition
he was opposed to our suggestion
语
境
串
词
Many people in the community strongly oppose the new development plan,arguing that it will destroy the local environment and disrupt their way of life.Despite the strong opposition,the city council seems determined to push forward with the plan,which has caused a great deal of frustration among those who are opposed to it.
社区里很多人强烈反对新的发展计划,认为这会破坏当地环境,扰乱他们的生活方式。尽管反对声强烈,市议会似乎仍决心推进该计划,这让那些反对的人感到非常沮丧。
be opposed to (doing) sth反对(做)某事
3.complain vi.& vt.抱怨,投诉
·complaint n.抱怨,牢骚;投诉
[教材原句] An insurance salesman who is about to reach his annual sales target,only for the company to make the target higher,could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts.
如果一位保险销售员就快达到年度销售目标了,而公司却在这时提高了销售目标,那么他就可以正当地抱怨公司不公正地改变了目标。
例 (应用文写作之建议信)It is no use complaining about/of the present situation.Instead,you should make an attempt to change yourself to adapt to it.
抱怨现状是没有用的。相反,你应该尝试改变自己来适应它。
complain about/of sth抱怨某事
例 (读后续写之动作描写)She complained to the teacher about not having enough time to finish the exam.
她向老师抱怨考试时间不够。
例 She never complains,but she’s obviously exhausted.
她虽然从不抱怨,但显然已疲惫不堪。
complain to sb about sth 向某人抱怨某事
归纳拓展
·complain to sb about sth 向某人抱怨某事
complain about/of sth抱怨某事
complain that...抱怨……
·make a complaint about sth
对……提出投诉
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Customers 　 　　　 about the lack of parking facilities in this area and we received a number of 　　　 　.(complain)
成功的人总是会找出解决问题的方法,而不是抱怨不利的情形。
Instead of 　　　　　 　　　 an unfavorable situation,successful people always find ways to solve it.
complained
complaints
complaining about/of
4.remark n.谈论,言论 vi.& vt.说起,评论
·remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的
[教材原句] In day-to-day life,if someone makes an unfair and cruel remark,
we can describe it as“below the belt”.
在日常生活中,如果有人发表了有失公允的刻薄评论,我们就可以形容这种评论是“below the belt”。
例 (话题写作之学校生活)Finally,the teacher made an objective remark on each student’s performance in the competition and awarded the top three.
最后,老师对每个学生在比赛中的表现进行了客观的评价,并奖励了前三名。
make remarks/a remark on/upon/about...
就……发表评论/意见
例 The critic remarked on the author’s innovative use of language in the novel.
评论家对小说中作者创新性的语言运用进行了评论。
remark on/upon 对……进行评论
归纳拓展
·make remarks/a remark on/upon/about...就……发表评论/意见
·remark on/upon 对……进行评论
remark that...说起……;评论……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The 　　 　　(remark) efficiency of the team allowed them to complete the project ahead of schedule.
During the meeting,several colleagues remarked 　　　　 the need for better communication within the team.
出于同情,他们和这个可怜的男孩坐在一起,就他们怎么做才能帮助他摆脱困境发表意见。
Out of sympathy,they sat together with the poor boy and
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　.
remarkable
on/upon
remarked on/made remarks on what they could do to help him out of his difficulty
重点句式
since引导状语从句
▲
[教材原句] Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life,there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.
由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分,许多体育习语也已融入人们的日常语言。
例 Since you are free today,you had better help me with my mathematics.
既然今天你休息,你最好帮我补习数学。
例 Since it was raining heavily,we had to cancel the outdoor activities.
因为雨下得很大,我们不得不取消户外活动。
归纳拓展
since作介词,意为“自从”,后面接过去时间点,句子使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时;
since作连词,可引导原因状语从句和时间状语从句:
·引导原因状语从句,意为“既然;鉴于”(=now that)。
·引导时间状语从句,意为“自从”,从句常用一般过去时,主句使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。其他常用句型有:
①It is/has been+一段时间+since从句(用一般过去时).
自从……到现在,已有多长时间了。
②It was+一段时间+since从句(用过去完成时).
自从……到过去某时间点,已有多长时间了。
温馨提示
since引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词为瞬间动词时,则意为“自从某人做某事已有多长时间了”;若引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词时,则意为“自从某人不做某事已有多长时间了”。
[语境运用] 翻译句子
既然雨停了,我们出去散散步吧!
Since the rain has stopped,let’s go for a walk!
他说他从这所学校毕业已经十年了。
He said it was ten years since he had graduated from this school.　
自从他不在这家公司工作已经有三个月了。
It is already three months since he worked in this company.
长难句分析
[教材原句] You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council makes a decision which backfires terribly!
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。 为when引导的时间状语从句, 为which引导的定语从句。
自主翻译:当地方议会做出了一项决策,结果却适得其反时,你也许就会在报纸上看到这个说法!
[语境运用] 情境写作
当地方球队赢得冠军,让所有人因喜悦而团结在一起时,你可能会在社区庆祝这一成就。
You might celebrate this achievement in the community when the local team wins the championship that brings everyone together in joy.
写作微专题2
Sharing your understanding of sportsmanship
文本解读
1.文体类型:议论文。
2.要点内容:关于体育精神。
[思路指引]
实用表达
Personally/As far as I’m concerned,good sportsmanship is of vital importance for the athletes.
Good sportsmanship means even if you win,you still should...
Kids learn sportsmanship from the adults in their lives.
We know that winning is very important in sports.But every sportsman should have sportsmanship.
Whether we like it or not,sportsmanship in sports is a direct reflection of our own ethics in real life.
In conclusion,sportsmanship is of great importance in real life.
Sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport according to its rules,while also showing generosity to one’s opponent and good temper in defeat.
We should put ourselves in others’ shoes.
A good attitude will make us winners for life.
Good sportsmanship means not having a “win at any cost” attitude.
佳作建构
赢得体育比赛很重要,但具有良好的体育精神更重要。请你以“Good Sportsmanship Is of Great Importance”为题写一篇短文,论述体育精神的重要性。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　 　 n.运动员
2.　　 　　 vt.表现,表露;证实,证明
3.　　　 　 vt.& vi.称赞,赞许;鼓掌
4.　　　 　 n.对手,竞争者
5.　　　 　 n.比赛;竞赛
athlete
demonstrate
applaud
opponent
competition
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.体育精神是体育运动的伟大传统,体现了人们的坚持不懈、和其他人团结合作以及对友谊及和平的追求。
Sportsmanship is a great tradition in sports and it
　　　　　　　　　　 　　,cooperation with others and pursuit of friendship and peace.
demonstrates people’s
persistence
2.在我看来,良好的体育精神对运动员本人和他们的后代都至关重要。
As far as I’m concerned,good sportsmanship is of importance for
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and their generations to come.
3.首先,践行良好的体育精神会赢得尊重。
Firstly,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
both the athletes themselves
practicing good sportsmanship wins respect　
4.良好的体育精神意味着即使你在比赛中赢了,你仍然应该尊重对手。通过这样做,你也赢得了他们的尊重。
Good sportsmanship means even if you win in a competition,you still should
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.By doing this,you win respect from them too.
respect your opponents
5.其次,良好的体育精神教会孩子们应该如何表现。在生活中孩子们从成年人那里学习体育精神。
Secondly,good sportsmanship 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Kids learn sportsmanship from the adults in their lives.
teaches kids how to behave
6.那些看到成年人在一场艰苦的比赛后为对手鼓掌的孩子更有可能把对他人的尊重和欣赏带到他们生活中的各个方面。
Those who see adults 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 after a tough match are more likely to carry the respect and appreciation for others into all aspects of their lives.
7.总之,体育精神在现实生活中是非常重要的。
In conclusion,sportsmanship 　　　　　　　　　　　　 in real life.
applauding their opponents
is of great importance
亮点提升
将第1句用定语从句进行改写升级。
Sportsmanship is a great tradition in sports,which demonstrates people’s persistence,cooperation with others and pursuit of friendship and peace.
范文展示
Good Sportsmanship Is of Great Importance
Sportsmanship is a great tradition in sports,which demonstrates people’s persistence,cooperation with others and pursuit of friendship and peace.As far as I’m concerned,good sportsmanship is of importance for both the athletes themselves and their generations to come.
Firstly,practicing good sportsmanship wins respect.Good sportsmanship means even if you win in a competition,you still should respect your opponents.By doing this,you win respect from them too.Secondly,good sportsmanship teaches kids how to behave.Kids learn sportsmanship from the adults in their lives.Those who see adults applauding their opponents after a tough match are more likely to carry the respect and appreciation for others into all aspects of their lives.
In conclusion,sportsmanship is of great importance in real life.
写作练习
假设你是李华,你的朋友Peter来信向你请教体育联赛中如何处理意外事件,请你根据以下要点写一封回信:
1.要客观对待;
2.如果对手不小心……;
3.如果对手故意出难题……。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
　　I hope my advice will be of help to you.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
写作指导
One possible version:
Dear Peter,
You write to ask how to handle accidents in a league.There are diverse things you could take into account.
Firstly,if your opponent unintentionally collides with you on the track,field or other venues,you should proceed to compete rather than complain or use fists to handle it.Secondly,consistently achieve your ambitions with your fellows,no matter what you find your way into or whatever backfires or whoever moves the goalposts.Thirdly,if your opponent throws you a curveball or hits below the belt intentionally,immediately demonstrate it to the chairman.
I hope my advice will be of help to you.Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后续写微 技能 之“点” 人物描写 solidarity n.团结,齐心协力　joint adj.联合的,共同的　faith n.信心;宗教信仰　ambition n.野心,壮志　opponent n.对手,竞争者
动作描写 motivate vt.激励,激发　participate vi.参加,参与　compete vi.参加比赛;竞争　applaud vt.& vi.称赞,赞许　rank vt.& vi.把……分等级;排列　complain vt.& vi.抱怨,投诉
环境描写 ballpark n.棒球场　venue n.活动场地　relay n.接力赛
读后续写 微技能之“线” Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and devotion can lead to sporting excellence.(人物描写)
My heart was beating rapidly in my chest as I found a shady place to rest my tired body.(情感描写)
I ate a hearty breakfast so I knew I could get through to the end.(动作描写)
读后续写 微技能之“面” 读后续写——接力比赛
校运会上,四支队伍参加了男子4×100米接力比赛。我们班的第一棒选手是鲍勃。他跑得很快,同伴们都对他很有信心。不幸的是,当快要完成他的100米赛跑时,他趔趄了一下,伤到了脚踝,导致他落后于对手。但他的队友都没有抱怨。相反,他们每个人都尽全力与对手竞争。最终,他们在比赛中位居第一。是他们的团结和共同努力帮助他们取得了成功。所有同学都站立起来,为他们疯狂鼓掌。
At the school sports meeting,four teams 1.　　　　　　　　　 the men’s 4×100 m 2.　　　　　　　.The first runner of our class was Bob.He ran so fast that his fellows all 3.　　　　　　　 　 him.Unfortunately,as he was close to finishing his 100-metre race,he stumbled slightly and had his ankle injured,which caused him to fall behind his opponents.But none of his teammates complained.Instead,each of them 4.　　　　　　 　 　 their opponents to the very best of their ability.In the end,they 5.
in the competition.It was 6.　　　　　　　　　　　 and joint efforts that helped them make it.All the students rose to their feet,applauding them wildly.
participated in
relay race
had faith in
competed against
ranked first
their solidarity
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.participate vi.参加,参与→ n.参与,参加→ n.参与者,参加者
2.compete vi.参加比赛;竞争→ n.比赛;竞争→ n.竞争者;对手→ adj.有竞争力的
3.motivate vt.激励,激发;成为……的动机,是……的原因→ n.动机,原因;积极性→ adj.积极的,主动的
participation
participant
competition
competitor
competitive
motivation
motivated
4.demonstrate vt.表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示 vi.游行示威→
n.展现;示范;证明;游行示威
5.consistent adj.一致的,始终如一的;连续的→ adv.连贯地;坚持地→ n.连贯性;一致性
6.election n.选举,推选;当选→ vt.选举;选择→ adj.选举的;可选择的
7.faith n.信心;宗教信仰→ adj.忠实的;守信的→ adv.忠实地;诚心诚意地
demonstration
consistently
consistency
elect
elective
faithful
faithfully
8.ambition n.追求的目标,夙愿;野心,雄心,壮志→ adj.有野心的;有抱负的
9.limit n.限度,限制;限量,限额;界限 vt.限制,限定;限量,减量→ adj.有限的→ adj.无限制的→ n.限制
10.opposing adj.对抗的;相反的→ vt.反对;对抗;与(某人)较量→
adj.反对的;对立的→ n.反对;反抗
11.cruel adj.刻毒伤人的,残酷的→ n.(尤指蓄意的)残酷;残暴
ambitious
limited
limitless
limitation
oppose
opposed
opposition
cruelty
Ⅱ.重点词块
1. 　　　 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事
2. 参加比赛
3. 使复活;使恢复生机
4. 接着做
5. 欢天喜地,得意扬扬
call on sb to do sth
compete in
bring sth back to life
proceed to do sth
walk on air
6. 正确客观地看待
7. 偶然来到,无意中处于
8. 坚持到最后
keep sth in perspective
find one’s way into
get through to the end
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.强调句型
(是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。)
句式仿写
(我是在公园里看到了那些美丽的花。)
It was a Frenchman,Pierre de Coubertin,who brought the Olympics back
to life.
It was in the park that I saw the beautiful flowers.
2.过去分词短语作状语
(在……激励下) the original Olympic motto “Faster,
Higher,Stronger”,many well-known athletes,both male and female,have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement.
句式仿写
(由于被老师鼓励),she worked harder than ever before.
Motivated by
Encouraged by her teacher
3.the+序数词+名词+to do
At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games,Liu Xiang became
(第一位赢得金牌的亚洲人) in the men’s 110-metre hurdles,while at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games,the Chinese women’s volleyball team won a hard-fought victory in the final.
句式仿写
She was (第一个到达的人) at the party.
the first Asian to
win the gold medal
the first person to arrive
4.since引导原因状语从句
(由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分),there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.
句式仿写
We didn’t go out for a walk (由于雨下得很大).
Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life
since it was raining heavily(共34张PPT)
Unit 2　课时作业(四)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.joint
(分值:50.5分)
单元知识综合练
A.n.关节　B.adj.联合的;共同的　C.n.接头,接缝
①They signed a joint agreement to cooperate on the project.　　
②The pipe leaked at the joint where it connected to the faucet(龙头).　　
③He can’t cover a long distance as there is something wrong with his knee joint.　　
B
C
A
2.rank
A.v.属于某等级,把……分等级　B.v.排列,使排成行　C.n.地位,级别　
D.n.排,队列　E.n.军衔
①He rose through the ranks to become managing director.　　
②Last year,he was ranked second in his age group.　　
③He was soon promoted to the rank of captain.　　
④The little boy broke into tears because he failed when he tried to rank all his toys in a row.　　
⑤They watched as ranks of marching infantry(步兵) passed the window.　
C
A
E
B
D
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
　　Good sportsmanship is one of the most important lessons that your kids can learn from competition.But how do you teach your kids good sportsmanship Here are some tips.
Set a good example.The first role model that your kids will have in games is you.What behavior you model will have the biggest influence on your kids.1.　　　 By doing so,your kids will learn from you unconsciously and gain more popularity.
F
2.　　　 The coach is always looking for the best decision for the good of the whole team.3.　　　 Your kids may feel upset at first.But showing good sportsmanship means placing the team’s needs above their own,so you should teach your kids to trust the coach’s judgement.
Remember you are the parent,not the coach.Your job as a parent is different from a job as a coach.As a parent,you are there to guide all of your kids’ experiences and not focus on demanding performance.
However,if you see a coach demanding too much,speak up.4.　　
B
E
D
Maintain a good attitude to both winning and losing.Good sportsmanship also requires a positive attitude to both the victory and the defeat.Pushing your kids too hard may drive them to quit.5.　　　 It’s also a good idea to find positive movements to talk about and discuss lessons to be learned after.
G
A.Teach your kids to put teams first.
B.Tell your kids to listen to the coach.
C.However,finding a good role model is not an easy job.
D.After all,you are also an advocate for your kids if needed.
E.This means the role of your kids may be reduced or changed.
F.You need to be nice to all people on the court,even the opponents.
G.Instead,whatever the results are,always tell them you are proud of them.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。良好的体育精神是你的孩子可以从比赛中学到的最重要的经验之一。文章主要就如何教会你的孩子拥有良好的体育精神提出了一些建议。
1.【答案】 F
【解析】 上文提到了榜样对孩子的影响,推测本句是在说明具体怎么做,F项讲对球场上的所有人友善,甚至是对手,与后文获得人气相呼应。F项符合语境,故选F。
2.【答案】 B
【解析】 后文提到了教练的作用,可见要听教练的话,B选项中coach对应后文中的coach。B项符合语境,故选B。
3.【答案】 E
【解析】 后文提到了孩子一开始感到沮丧,可见本句是在说明教练采取了对孩子不利的决策。E项讲这意味着你的孩子的地位可能会下降或改变,符合语境,故选E。
4.【答案】 D
【解析】 上文提到如果认为教练有太多要求,要大声说出来,本句为本段最后一句,应承接上文说明原因。D项符合语境,故选D。
5.【答案】 G
【解析】 上文强调了良好的体育精神也需要对胜利和失败都有积极的态度,把你的孩子逼得太紧可能会让他们放弃,本句与上文构成转折,指出不能太过强调结果,重在支持孩子。G项符合语境,故选G。
Ⅲ.完形填空 (共15题;每题1分,共15分)
After graduation,I decided to take the gym seriously.Accompanied by a friend,I 　1　 a routine of walking on the treadmill (跑步机).I was
　2　 with our routine in the gym.My friend,however,became bored.
One day,he suggested that we 　3　 an outdoor sport.I was an uncoordinated (动作不协调的) person,so I 　4　 his proposal.
But several weeks later,he managed to 　5　 me to step onto an outdoor racquetball (美式壁球) court.When I hit the ball,I sent it flying in every direction except the direction that I had　6　.Still,somehow,I tried hard to learn it and became 　7　 after constantly practising.
“ We’re not getting enough 　8　 on the treadmill.Why not play tennis to build up our bodies ” suggested my friend.
“Tennis I can’t play tennis!That 　9　 real skills!” I firmly resisted his new 　10　.
Nevertheless,weeks later,I started playing tennis.After several months of painful practice,one day,as the ball came flying towards me,my racket and the ball met in what tennis players 　11　 as the“ sweet spot”.I had
　12　 learned how to play tennis properly!
I learned an extremely valuable 　13　 from these experiences:I can do whatever I set my mind on.I just need to put in efforts,and the results will
　14　.And I become quite 　15　 about trying new things and I’m always filled with a sense of excitement.
【语篇导读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者认真对待锻炼,在朋友的建议下开始尝试美式壁球和网球,并最终都掌握了技巧的故事。
(　　)1.
A
【解析】 根据上文“I decided to take the gym seriously”可知,作者决定要在健身房锻炼,之后开始(began)在跑步机上锻炼。故选A。
[A] began
[B] changed
[C] quit
[D] delayed
(　　)2.
C
【解析】 下文“ My friend,however,became bored.”表明作者的朋友感觉无聊,所以上文作者是满意的(satisfied),构成转折。故选C。
[A] disappointed
[B] familiar
[C] satisfied
[D] careful
(　　)3.
B
【解析】 此处指朋友建议他们开始(take up)一项户外运动。故选B。
[A] show off
[B] take up
[C] keep off
[D] set out
(　　)4.
A
【解析】 根据上文“I was an uncoordinated(动作不协调的) person”可知,作者拒绝了(refused)他的建议。故选A。
[A] refused
[B] supported
[C] highlighted
[D] understood
(　　)5.
D
[A] remind
[B] allow
[C] expect
[D] persuade
【解析】 此处指几周后,他成功说服(persuade)作者去了一个美式壁球场地。故选D。
(　　)6.
B
【解析】 此处指当作者击球时,球向各个方向飞去,除了自己想要(intended )的方向。故选B。
[A] imagined
[B] intended
[C] agreed
[D] found
(　　)7.
D
【解析】 根据上文并列连词“and”和下文“after constantly practising”可知,作者努力练习这一运动后变得熟练(skilful)。故选D。
[A] considerate
[B] cautious
[C] mature
[D] skilful
(　　)8.
A
【解析】 根据下文“ to build up our bodies”可知,朋友想要打网球以锻炼身体,所以应该是认为在跑步机上并不能得到充分的锻炼(exercise)。故选A。
[A] exercise
[B] entertainment
[C] movement
[D] experience
(　　)9.
D
【解析】 根据上文“Tennis I can’t play tennis!”可知,作者认为打网球需要(involves)真正的技巧。故选D。
[A] occupies
[B] preserves
[C] improves
[D] involves
(　　)10.
C
【解析】 此处指作者坚决抵制朋友的新尝试(attempt)。故选C。
[A] method
[B] chance
[C] attempt
[D] assistance
(　　)11.
A
【解析】 此处指经过几个月的痛苦练习,当球朝作者飞来时,作者的球拍和球能在网球运动员称之为(refer to)“最佳击球点”的位置相遇。故选A。
[A] refer to
[B] think out
[C] make up
[D] set down
(　　)12.
C
【解析】 此处指作者终于(eventually)学会了如何正确地打网球!故选C。
[A] occasionally
[B] formally
[C] eventually
[D] frequently
(　　)13.
B
【解析】 此处指作者从这些经历中学到了非常宝贵的一课(lesson),即作者可以做任何自己下定决心要做的事。故选B。
[A] concept
[B] lesson
[C] theory
[D] standard
(　　)14.
C
【解析】 根据上文“I just need to put in efforts”和并列连词“and”可知,付出努力之后,好的结果也会随之而来(follow)。故选C。
[A] respond
[B] remain
[C] follow
[D] help
(　　)15.
B
【解析】 此处指作者变得非常热衷于(enthusiastic)尝试新事物,并总是充满兴奋感。故选B。
[A] hesitant
[B] enthusiastic
[C] particular
[D] flexible
Ⅳ.应用文写作 (15分)
上周日,你参加了学校组织的远足活动。请你写一篇短文,向校英文报投稿,报道这次远足活动。内容包括:
1.活动过程;
2.个人感受。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[写作指导]
　　One possible version:
　　In order to enrich students’ after-school life and strengthen their minds,our school organized a long-distance hiking activity last Sunday.All the students as well as our teachers participated in it.
As scheduled,we assembled outside the school gate at 8:00 a.m.and headed for the destination.We chatted,sang and laughed along the way,enjoying the fresh air.Though some students felt exhausted,they continued with the support and encouragement of their classmates and teachers.
The activity benefits me greatly.Not only does it make me relax but it also stimulates my passion for outdoor exercise and cultivates my perseverance.(共15张PPT)
Unit 2　读后续写专题练
(分值:25分)
　　阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A couple of months before I started my college,my parents gave me the greatest gift: a cellphone.I lived on that phone all summer with my face buried in its screen.I ignored my family and my surroundings.Being connected was more important than being present.
　　So,you can imagine my displeasure when I learnt what my dad had planned for our family vacation that year.“This year,” my dad said,“we’ll be doing something special.We’re going camping!” His excitement was met with a disappointed sigh.It wasn’t my dream vacation because my mind was on my phone.I was so buried in the screen,in fact,that the first time I can remember truly looking up was when we drove across a bridge on the way to our campsite.
　　I stared out of the window and saw redwoods towering above us,their branches threatening to pierce (刺破) the blue sky.I saw a roaring river,with slivers of silky black water appearing between crashing white rapids.The air blowing into the car from the open windows was hot.But none of that mattered to me.The reason I had looked up was for something far more serious: my phone no longer had service.
　　The last hour of the drive was increasingly tense.My dad announced that he had chosen a campsite that had no cell service,and that my phone would be useless until we returned home.I would be trapped in the forest for four days with no way to contact the outside world! I went through the full cycle of teenage emotions during the first day of the trip.I raged
(发怒).I bargained.I begged.I flip-flopped (转变) from a depressive state to anger and back.
　　I went to bed angrily that night.But when I awoke in the morning,
something had changed.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
　　Instead of burying myself in my phone,I focused on something else: my surroundings.
Paragraph 2:
　　The next four days passed in a flash with many fun activities.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who I (the author),my parents 开心
生气
平静
感兴趣
激动
享受
When a couple of months before my college
Where campsite
What The author was so buried in his phone that he ignored his family and surroundings.However,everything changed when he went camping with his parents.
明确冲突定 主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict:The author was addicted to his phone,but there was no cell service in the campsite,so the author went crazy. Clue:be trapped in the forest; no way to contact the outside world;I raged (发怒).I bargained.I begged;depressive state; anger; went to bed angrily
Theme Learn to cherish our family and appreciate the natural beauty.
开心
生气
平静
感兴趣
激动
享受
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Instead of burying myself in my phone,I focused on something else: my surroundings. Q1:What were the surroundings Q2:What did the author think Q3:What had changed in the author’s mind
Para.2 The next four days passed in a flash with many fun activities. Q1:What were the activities Q2:What happened between the author and his parents Q3:What lesson did the author learn
开心
生气
平静
感兴趣
激动
享受(共27张PPT)
Unit 2　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The school’s sports day 　　 　　(organize) by the PE department before the holidays in December.
2.The sports equipment 　　 　　(use) by the students during the physical education class yesterday afternoon.
3.We couldn’t use the computer.It 　　　 　(repair).
4.The debate team 　 　　　(select) by the coach by the middle of last month.
had been organized
was being used
was being repaired
had been selected
5.All the tickets 　　 　　(sell)by the time we reached the cinema.
6.By the end of last year,another new theme park
(complete) in that area.
7.It was the first time that the product 　 　　　(introduce) at the conference.
8.People were not allowed to enter the stadium because it
(paint).
had been sold
had been completed
had been introduced
was being painted 　
9.By the end of last month,his thought of submitting the plan to the committee 　　 　　(abandon).
10.After school we went to the reading room,only to be told that it
　 　　　(decorate).
had been abandoned
was being decorated
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.在被问到事故发生的原因时,负责人表示正在调查中。
When asked about the cause of the accident,the man in charge said it was being investigated.
2.我没有参加今天早上的会议,因为没人告诉我这件事。
I didn’t attend the meeting this morning,for I had been told nothing about that.
3.如果我早点被邀请,我就和你一起去了。
If I had been invited earlier,I would have gone with you.
4.他们学校当时正在建一座新的图书馆吗
Was a new library being constructed in their school just then
5.我到达的时候,派对的准备工作已经完成了。
By the time I arrived,the preparations for the party had been done.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　If you thought that your child’s academic performance is based simply on the number of hours spent on studying,you are wrong.Good grades are a result of multiple factors,everything from the child’s brains to the environment.And one of the major,mostly ignored influencing factor is physical health.Physical activity and health actually can improve a person’s ability to learn.Exercise can improve a child’s cognitive abilities,health,and academic performance significantly.
According to a study by the University of Northern British Columbia,
regular aerobic exercise betters the function of the hippocampus(海马体),
the area of the brain involved in learning and memory.Other forms of exercise like balance exercises,muscle exercises,and resistance training did not have the same result on the brain.
The effect of exercise on memory and thinking is both direct and indirect.Directly,regular exercise gives the ability to increase the release of growth factors.These growth factors are chemicals in the brain that affect the growth of new blood vessels,the health of brain cells,as well as the survival of new brain cells.On the other hand,getting enough exercise will improve sleep quality and mood.It will also reduce stress and anxiety.
It is believed that the benefits of exercise during the school day are greater than those coming from increasing class time.Furthermore,the greatest cognitive benefits from physical education have been seen to come about when physical education was given either in the first half of the day or midday rather than at the end of the day.
In order to get the children moving,rest time,PE classes,biking or walking to school should be promoted.Activities like after-school sports that used to be held at school should be restarted.Physical activity should not be seen as a dispensable choice but as an important educational concern.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了锻炼可以提高学习能力,而定期的有氧运动可以增强学习和记忆能力。
(　　)1.Which of the following types of exercise is best for learning and memory
[A] Regular aerobic exercise.
[B] Balance exercises.
[C] Muscle exercises.
[D] Resistance training.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,规律的有氧运动对学习和记忆最好。故选A。
(　　)2.How does exercise influence thinking indirectly
[A] By releasing growth factors in large numbers.
[B] By influencing the growth of new blood vessels.
[C] By affecting the survival of new brain cells.
[D] By improving a person’s mood and sleep quality.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“On the other hand,getting enough exercise...reduce stress and anxiety.”可知,锻炼通过改善一个人的情绪和睡眠质量来间接影响思维。故选D。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “dispensable” mean in the last paragraph
[A] Unique. [B] Unnecessary.
[C] Unusual. [D] Universal.
B
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词所在句可知,该句为体育活动不应被视为“dispensable”选择,而应被视为一个重要的教育问题。前后为转折关系,故猜测画线词“dispensable”意为“可有可无的,不需要的”。故选B。
(　　)4.What is the passage mainly about
[A] Mental health should never be ignored.
[B] Physical education class is really a good option.
[C] Exercise may bring about good academic grades.
[D] Different exercises have different results on the brain.
C
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据第一段内容可知,本文主要讲述了锻炼可以提高学习能力,而定期的有氧运动可以改善大脑的功能。因此这篇文章主要讲的是锻炼可以带来好的学习成绩。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　Exercise could not only benefit your body,but also improve your memory,researchers found 1.　　　　 (recent).
In their paper,researchers in the United States and Japan 2.
(introduce) their experiment and conclusion.
recently
introduced
Scientists invited 36 volunteers 3.　　 　　 were in their early 20s to do 10 minutes of light exercise before taking a memory test in which they 4.　　 　　 (show) pictures like broccoli (西兰花) or picnic baskets and asked to recall them later.The same experiment was repeated with the same group of volunteers without exercising.“The memory task was quite 5.　 　　　 (challenge),” said Michael Yassa,co-author of the study.
“We used very similar items to see 6.　　 　　 they would remember it was this picnic basket or that picnic basket.”
who/that
were shown
challenging
whether/if
Researchers also scanned brains of some of the participants during the experiment.
They found increased communication between parts 7.
(involve) in the storage and recollection of memories in brains of those who had exercised.
This suggested that just 10 minutes of light exercise might have a positive effect 8.　　　　 memory power.
involved
on
As all 9.　　　　volunteers in the experiment were relatively young,
researchers are still working 10.　　　　 (look) at the influence of light exercise on older people.“Our main goal is to try to develop an exercise way that can be used by older adults who might have disabilities,” said Yassa.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了研究人员发现锻炼不仅对身体有益,还可以提高记忆力,仅仅十分钟的轻微运动就可能会对记忆产生积极的影响。
the
to look
1.【答案】 recently
【解析】 考查副词。修饰动词found用副词,故填recently。
2.【答案】 introduced
【解析】 考查时态。动作introduce发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故填introduced。
3.【答案】 who/that
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,先行词为volunteers,指人,故填who/that。
4.【答案】 were shown
【解析】 考查时态和语态。they代指volunteers,与show之间是被动关系,而且动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were shown。
5.【答案】 challenging
【解析】 考查形容词。根据was可知,此处是形容词作表语,故填challenging。
6.【答案】 whether/if
【解析】 考查宾语从句。根据句意可知,此处表示“是否”之意,又因此处为宾语从句,故填whether/if。
7.【答案】 involved
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,此处是过去分词作定语,修饰parts。be involved in表示“卷入,涉及,参加”,故填involved。
8.【答案】 on
【解析】 考查介词。have an effect on表示“对……有影响”,是固定搭配。故填on。
9.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查定冠词。此处特指那些参加实验的志愿者,故填the。
10.【答案】 to look
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,此处表示目的,用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to look。

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