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八年级下册 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section A
一、单词
shake / e k/v. 摇动；抖动；握手； 过去式shook，过去分词shaken
拓展：milk shake 奶昔；shake one's head 摇头
bow /ba /v.&n. 鞠躬；弯腰
搭配：bow to others 向别人鞠躬；bow one’s head 低下头
bump /b mp/v. 碰撞；偶遇 n. 碰撞声；肿块 拓展：bump against 撞到……
fist /f st/n. 拳头 搭配：clench one’s fist 握紧拳头
rub /r b/v. 擦；摩擦；揉搓 搭配：rub hands 搓手；rub one’s eyes 揉眼睛
kiss /k s/v.&n. 亲吻；接吻 搭配：kiss sb. on the cheek 亲吻某人脸颊
cheek /t i k/n. 脸颊；面颊
hug /h ɡ/v.&n. 拥抱 搭配：give sb. a hug 拥抱某人
embarrassed / m b r st/adj. （人）感到尴尬的；窘迫的 变形：embarrassing adj. （事物）令人尴尬的
拓展：embarrassment n. 尴尬
confused /k n fju zd/adj. （人）困惑的；糊涂的 变形：confusing adj. （事物）令人困惑的；
confuse v. 使困惑
formal / f ml/adj. 正式的 反义词：informal 非正式的
搭配：formal meeting 正式会议
rude /ru d/adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的 变形：rudely adv. 粗鲁地；rudeness n. 粗鲁
反义：polite 有礼貌的
uncommon / n k m n/adj. 不常见的；罕见的 词根：common adj. 常见的；普遍的
manner / m n (r)/n. 方式；态度；(复数 manners) 礼貌；礼仪
unless / n les/conj. 除非；如果不 语法考点：等同于 if...not，遵循主将从现
proper / pr p (r)/adj. 合适的；恰当的；正确的 变形：properly adv. 适当地；正确地
elbow / elb /n. 肘部；胳膊肘
chopstick / t pst k/n. 筷子 搭配：a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子
serving / s v /adj. 供分菜用的 n. 一份食物 词根：serve v. 服务；上菜；service n. 服务
二、短语
shake hands 握手
shake hands with sb. 与某人握手
bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬
bump into sb. 偶遇某人；撞上某人
clench one’s fist 握紧拳头
rub hands 搓手
give sb. a hug 拥抱某人
kiss sb. on the cheek 亲吻某人的脸颊
table manners 餐桌礼仪
good/bad manners 有 / 无礼貌
formal occasions 正式场合
special occasions 特殊场合
be rude to sb. 对某人粗鲁 / 无礼
feel embarrassed 感到尴尬
be confused about 对…… 感到困惑
use chopsticks 使用筷子
in a proper way 以恰当的方式
pay attention to 注意；关注（后接名词 / 动名词）
语法点
一：be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事；被期望做某事= should，语气比 should 稍正式。
We are supposed to shake hands.我们应该握手。
句式结构：
肯定：主语 + be supposed to + 动词原形
否定：主语 + be not supposed to + 动词原形 不应该做……
疑问：Be + 主语 + supposed to + 动词原形…
be 动词随人称、时态变化：am/is/are/was/were
二：unless 除非；如果不 = if…not，引导条件状语从句，可放句首或句中，放句首常用逗号隔开。
遵循主将从现：主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
unless 不能和 if 同时连用，也不与 not 连用。
同义句转换：
You will be late unless you leave now.= You will be late if you don’t leave now.除非你现在出发，否则你会迟到。
三：It’s + adj. + to do sth. 固定句型
It’s polite to greet others politely.礼貌问候他人是有礼貌的。
it 是形式主语，后面的不定式 to do 才是真正主语。
常用形容词：polite 有礼貌的 /rude 粗鲁的proper 恰当的 /common 普通的uncommon 不常见的
四：-ed 形容词 & -ing 形容词
ed 修饰人，感到……ing 修饰物 / 事，令人……
embarrassed (人) 感到尴尬 embarrassing (事) 令人尴尬的
confused (人) 感到困惑 confusing (事) 令人困惑的
I felt embarrassed. 我感到尴尬。It is an embarrassing thing. 这是一件令人尴尬的事。
五：不定式作宾语 / 固定搭配介词 to
pay attention to (doing) sth. 注意……（高频固定搭配，to 是介词，后面接名词 / 代词 /doing）
be similar to 与…… 相似
be rude to sb. 对某人粗鲁
be confused about 对…… 困惑
易错：看到 to 别都加动词原形，以上短语 to 是介词！
六：可数名词复数特殊用法
manner单数：方式、方法 复数 manners：礼貌、礼仪（只用复数）
例：table manners 餐桌礼仪 good manners 有礼貌
chopstick通常用复数 chopsticks a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子
语法练习题
一、单项选择
You ______ touch the fire; it’s too dangerous.
A. aren’t supposed to B. are supposed to C. supposed to D. not supposed to
I will never forget the ______ moment, which made me quite ______.
A. embarrassed; embarrassing B. embarrassing; embarrassed
C. embarrassed; embarrassed D. embarrassing; embarrassing
______ you follow local table manners, you may behave impolitely abroad.
A. If B. Unless C. Because D. When
It’s considered ______ to laugh loudly in formal public occasions.
A. polite B. rude C. proper D. common
It’s necessary for us ______ the cultural differences when communicating with foreigners.
A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood
In many Asian countries, it’s bad ______ to point at others with chopsticks.
A. manner B. manners C. rule D. habit
We should pay attention to ______ properly when we meet people from different cultures.
A. greet B. greeting C. greeted D. to greet
The rule says that students ______ bring mobile phones into the classroom.
A. aren’t supposed to B. don’t suppose to C. weren’t supposed D. are supposed
You won’t pass the coming exam ______ you make full preparations from now on.
A. until B. unless C. if D. though
The situation is so ______ that many visitors feel ______ about what to do next.
A. confusing; confused B. confused; confusing C. confusing; confusing D. confused; confused
It’s ______ to ask others’ age directly in Western countries.
A. uncommon B. common C. proper D. necessary
As a student, you are supposed ______ teachers and classmates at any time.
A. respect B. respecting C. to respect D. respected
He bumped ______ his old friend while walking in the street yesterday.
A. at B. into C. with D. for
Good ______ are very important when we communicate with people from all over the world.
A. way B. manner C. manners D. habit
Unless it ______ tomorrow, we will take part in the cross-culture activity.
A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. rained
二、句型转换
You should bow to people in Japan.（改为同义句）
You _________ _________ _________ bow to people in Japan.
Unless you tell me the truth, I won’t trust you anymore.（改为 if 同义句）
I won’t trust you anymore _________ you _________ tell me the truth.
It is rude to talk loudly in the library.（改为同义句）
_________ _________ loudly in the library _________ rude.
The movie was boring and I felt bored.（用 - ed/ing 形容词互换改写）
It was _________ _________ movie that made me _________.
We must follow local customs when we go abroad.（改为被动含义同义句）
We _________ _________ _________ follow local customs when we go abroad.
三、语法填空（用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空）
When we meet people from different cultures, we are 1_____________(suppose) to know some basic manners. It’s 2. _____________（polite） to stare at others. We may feel 3. _____________（embarrass） if we make cultural mistakes. Sometimes the rules are so 4._____________ （confuse） that we don’t know what to do 5. _____________ we learn about cross-culture differences ahead of time, we may behave badly. It’s important to 6._____________ （greet） others in a proper way. We should get used to using 7. _____________（chopstick） correctly and remember good table 8. _____________（manner）.
单词默写
__________ v. 摇动；握手；过去式__________，过去分词__________
__________ v.&n. 鞠躬
__________ v. 碰撞；偶遇
__________ n. 拳头
__________ v. 擦；摩擦
__________ v.&n. 亲吻
__________ n. 脸颊
__________ v.&n. 拥抱
__________ adj.（人）尴尬的；__________ adj.（事）令人尴尬的
__________ adj.（人）困惑的；__________ adj.（事）令人困惑的
__________ adj. 正式的；反义词__________
__________ adj. 粗鲁的；反义词__________
__________ adj. 不常见的；词根__________
__________ n. 方式；(pl.) __________ 礼貌，礼仪
__________ conj. 除非；如果不
__________ adj. 恰当的；adv. __________
__________ n. 肘部
__________ n. 筷子 (常用复数) __________
__________ n. 一份食物；v. __________ 服务
二、短语默写（写中文）
shake hands ________________________
shake hands with sb. ________________________
bow to sb. ________________________
bump into sb. ________________________
clench one’s fist ________________________
rub hands ________________________
give sb. a hug ________________________
kiss sb. on the cheek ________________________
table manners ________________________
good / bad manners ________________________
formal occasions ________________________
special occasions ________________________
be rude to sb. ________________________
feel embarrassed ________________________
be confused about ________________________
use chopsticks ________________________
in a proper way ________________________
pay attention to ________________________

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