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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 完形填空和阅读理解 专题练
2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
一、完形填空
When you visit a foreign country, it’s important to know about the local 1 . For example, in Japan, people usually 2 to greet each other instead of shaking hands. In Brazil, people are very 3 and often hug when they meet friends.
In some European countries, you should 4 your shoes before entering someone’s home. It’s also 5 to bring a small gift, like flowers or chocolate, when you are invited to a dinner.
When you are eating, you shouldn’t 6 your elbows on the table. It’s considered rude. Also, you should wait for the host to start eating 7 you begin. Don’t 8 the food if you don’t like it; you can just say “It’s delicious, but I’m full”.
Learning these customs can help you 9 misunderstandings and make your trip more 10 . Remember the rule: When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
1．A．habits B．customs C．rules
2．A．bow B．hug C．shake
3．A．shy B．quiet C．outgoing
4．A．put on B．take off C．pick up
5．A．impolite B．strange C．polite
6．A．put B．make C．take
7．A．after B．before C．when
8．A．eat B．refuse C．accept
9．A．avoid B．have C．cause
10．A．difficult B．comfortable C．boring
When you visit a Chinese family, good manners are important. Before you go, you should prepare a small 11 . It’s polite to bring something.
When you arrive, the host will welcome you warmly. You should 12 greet them. In China, it’s not usual to open the gift right away. It’s 13 to open it later.
At the dinner table, there are also some 14 . The host will ask you to sit down first. You should wait for the elders to start eating 15 . The host may pick food for you, and you should 16 it happily.
Don’t eat too fast. It’s polite to 17 the food is delicious. After the meal, the host will offer you tea or fruit. You can 18 a little.
Before you 19 , you should say thanks to the host. It’s a good way to show your 20 .
11．A．gift B．meal C．book
12．A．quietly B．politely C．quickly
13．A．dangerous B．rude C．better
14．A．problems B．rules C．questions
15．A．after B．before C．when
16．A．refuse B．accept C．throw
17．A．say B．think C．see
18．A．drink B．sell C．make
19．A．come B．stay C．leave
20．A．sadness B．respect C．happiness
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Different countries have 21 cultures and customs. The ways to 22 people, eat food and talk with others are not the same in the world. Some people shake hands when they meet, some bow, 23 others kiss cheeks. These small actions show different cultures and traditions.
Table manners are also different around the world. In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, 24 others use forks and knives. Some people talk while eating, but others think it is 25 . Learning these customs can 26 us get on well with foreign friends. When we meet people from other cultures, we should be polite and 27 their customs. Never laugh at their ways of life. Understanding and respecting each other can make the world 28 . It also helps us 29 new friends and live in peace. We should always keep an open mind to learn 30 different cultures.
21．A．same B．different C．easy D．hard
22．A．greet B．help C．see D．hear
23．A．and B．but C．so D．while
24．A．when B．if C．while D．because
25．A．polite B．rude C．happy D．sad
26．A．stop B．help C．let D．ask
27．A．follow B．change C．forget D．break
28．A．colder B．bigger C．warmer D．quieter
29．A．make B．take C．find D．lose
30．A．from B．for C．with D．about
二、阅读理解
Going to a friend’s house is very exciting. But remember to be polite.
When to arrive
When a friend invites you, you should arrive on time. If your friend tells you to come around 18:00, that means you can be a little later. But it’s a good idea to arrive at the right time.
What to bring
Usually it’s also nice to bring something to your friend. It could be a box of chocolates for you two to share, or maybe a movie that you can watch together. You can also bring some flowers.
How to greet
When you visit your friend, you may also meet his parents. You should tell them who you are. As a child, I went to visit my friend Sam. I called his parents by their first names Jim and Lucy. But now I know it’s more polite to call them Mr. or Mrs. Smith. Another way to be polite is to call them Sir or Madam.
It’s a cool thing to visit a friend’s house. If you’re polite to your friend and your friend’s parents, they’ll invite you again.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
31．If your friend invites you to his house around 5:00 p.m., you can arrive at ________.
A．5:02 p.m. B．6:00 p.m. C．5:02 a.m. D．6:00 a.m.
32．When the writer was a child, he called his friend’s father ________.
A．Smith B．Sam C．Jim D．Lucy
33．If you meet your friend’s mother, it’s more polite to call ________.
A．Sir B．the given name
C．Madam D．the last name
34．The writer introduced ________ ways of being polite when visiting a friend.
A．one B．two C．three D．four
35．What is the topic of this passage
A．When to arrive at your friend’s house.
B．How to greet your friend’s parents.
C．How to be polite.
D．Be polite when you visit others’ home.
阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
My Cross-Cultural Experience in Japan
Last summer, I went to Japan with my parents. It was my first time to visit a foreign country, and it was an unforgettable cross-cultural experience that taught me a lot.
Before we went to Japan, my parents and I learned some basic Japanese words and customs. We knew that Japanese people are very polite and pay much attention to manners. For example, they bow to greet each other, and they don’t talk loudly in public places. We also learned that it’s impolite to stick chopsticks into rice, which is a special custom in Japan.
When we arrived in Tokyo, the capital of Japan, we were deeply impressed by the clean streets and friendly people. A Japanese guide helped us visit many famous places. He told us about Japanese culture, such as tea ceremony and cherry blossoms. We also tried Japanese food, like sushi and ramen. It was very delicious, and we learned how to eat it politely.
During our trip, we met a Japanese family. They invited us to their home for dinner. The hostess prepared a lot of traditional Japanese food, and she taught us how to bow and use chopsticks correctly. We talked about our cultures and shared our life stories. I told them about Chinese Spring Festival and dumplings, and they were very interested in it. This experience made me realize that although there are many differences between Chinese and Japanese cultures, we can still understand each other and become friends.
After we came back from Japan, I started to learn more about Japanese culture. I also told my classmates about my experience and encouraged them to learn about foreign cultures. I think cross-cultural communication is very important. It helps us broaden our horizons and make more friends. It also teaches us to respect different cultures and live in harmony with people from all over the world.
36．What did the writer do before going to Japan
A．He learned some basic Japanese words and customs.
B．He visited many famous places in Japan.
C．He tried Japanese food.
D．He met a Japanese family.
37．What is the special custom in Japan mentioned in the passage
A．Bowing to greet each other. B．Not talking loudly in public.
C．Not sticking chopsticks into rice. D．Eating sushi and ramen.
38．Who helped the writer visit famous places in Tokyo
A．His parents. B．A Japanese guide. C．A Japanese family. D．His classmates.
39．What did the writer learn from his cross-cultural experience in Japan
A．Japanese culture is better than Chinese culture.
B．Cross-cultural communication is important and helps us make friends.
C．We don’t need to respect foreign cultures.
D．It’s difficult to communicate with people from different countries.
40．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．The writer’s trip to Tokyo, Japan.
B．The differences between Chinese and Japanese cultures.
C．The writer’s cross-cultural experience in Japan and what he learned from it.
D．The importance of learning Japanese.
Good manners are very important in our daily life. They show one’s personal quality and respect for others. For eighth-grade students, learning good manners is as important as learning school subjects. Good manners can help us make more friends, keep good relationships with others and make our social life easier.
Firstly, we should have polite manners in school. We should greet teachers politely when we meet them. We must listen carefully in class and never interrupt others when they are speaking. We should be friendly to classmates, help each other and never laugh at students who are in trouble. Keeping the classroom clean and quiet is also a basic school manner.
Secondly, we need good manners in public places. When we wait for the bus or in a shop, we should stand in line and never push others. We should speak in a low voice in libraries, cinemas and hospitals so that we won’t disturb others. We must never spit everywhere or throw rubbish casually. It’s also polite to give seats to the old, the disabled and pregnant women on buses and subways.
Thirdly, we should have good family manners. At home, we should respect our parents and elders. We can help parents do some housework in our free time. When we have dinner with family, we should wait for elders to sit down first before we eat. We should not make loud noise while eating.
Good manners are not formed in a short time. We need to keep good behavior every day. Small polite words and simple actions can bring warmth to others. A person with good manners is always popular everywhere. Let’s develop good manners from small things in our daily life.
41．What do good manners show
A．One’s wealth. B．One’s personal quality.
C．One’s study grades. D．One’s hobby.
42．What should we do when we meet teachers
A．Walk away quickly. B．Greet them politely.
C．Keep silent. D．Talk loudly with classmates.
43．Which is a good public manner
A．Push others while waiting. B．Speak loudly in the library.
C．Stand in line patiently. D．Throw rubbish on the ground.
44．What is a good family manner
A．Eat before elders sit down. B．Refuse to do housework.
C．Respect parents and elders. D．Make noise at dinner.
45．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Importance of Good Manners B．How to Make Friends at School
C．Manners in Public Places D．School Life of Middle School Students
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A C B C A B B A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 A B C B B B A A C B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B A D C B B A C A D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 A C C C D A C B B C
题号 41 42 43 44 45
答案 B B C C A
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文介绍了不同国家的见面、做客和餐桌礼仪，告诉我们出国旅行时要了解当地习俗，做到入乡随俗。
1．句意：当你去国外旅行时，了解当地的习俗很重要。
后文讲的是各国见面礼仪、做客礼仪等社交习惯，customs特指“（社会）习俗、礼仪”，是全文的核心主题，且文末也出现了these customs呼应。habits“个人习惯”、rules“规则”，均不符合“各国社交礼仪”的语境。
2．句意：例如在日本，人们通常鞠躬互相问候，而不是握手。
bow意为“鞠躬”，是日本传统的见面礼仪，符合后文“instead of shaking hands‘而非握手’”的语境，契合日本社交礼仪的常识。hug“拥抱”、shake“摇晃”不符合日本礼仪。
3．句意：在巴西，人们很外向，见到朋友时经常拥抱。
outgoing意为“外向的、开朗的”，和后文“often hug when they meet friends”的热情行为完全对应，符合巴西人的性格特点。shy“害羞的”、quiet“安静的”，均与“见面拥抱”的热情行为矛盾，不符合语境。
4．句意：在一些欧洲国家，进入别人家前你应该脱掉鞋子。
take off表示“脱下（衣物、鞋）”，符合“进门脱鞋”的礼仪。put on“穿上”语义完全相反；pick up“捡起”与“脱鞋”的动作无关，不符合文意。
5．句意：当你被邀请去吃晚餐时，带一份小礼物（比如花或巧克力）也是礼貌的。
带礼物是礼貌行为，polite“礼貌的”符合语境。impolite“不礼貌的”、strange“奇怪的”语义不符合礼仪逻辑。
6．句意：吃饭时，你不应该把胳膊肘放在桌子上。
put...on the table意为“把……放在桌子上”，符合“吃饭时胳膊肘不能搭在桌上”的餐桌礼仪常识，契合语境。make“制作”、take“拿走”均无法构成符合文意的搭配，不符合语境。
7．句意：而且，在你开始吃之前，应该等主人先开动。
西方餐桌礼仪要求等主人先动手，before“在……之前”，符合逻辑。after“在……之后”逻辑完全相反；when“当……时”均无法体现“先等主人、再自己开动”的先后顺序，不符合礼仪逻辑。
8．句意：如果你不喜欢食物，不要拒绝；你可以说“很美味，但我饱了”。
后文给出了委婉拒绝的说法，说明不能直接拒绝食物，refuse“拒绝”符合语境。eat“吃”、accept“接受”语义完全相反，不符合文意。
9．句意：学习这些习俗可以帮你避免误解，并且让你的旅行更加舒适。
avoid misunderstandings “避免误解”，符合“入乡随俗、了解当地习俗”的目的，契合语境。have“有”、 cause“导致”语义完全相反，不符合文意。
10．句意：学习这些习俗可以帮你避免误解，并且让你的旅行更加舒适。
入乡随俗能让旅行更顺利、减少尴尬，comfortable意为“舒适的、愉快的”，符合语境。difficult“困难的”、boring“无聊的”语义完全相反，不符合文意。
11．A 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．B 16．B 17．A 18．A 19．C 20．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了拜访中国家庭时的礼仪：带小礼物、礼貌问候、晚些拆礼物、餐桌礼仪（等长辈先吃、接受夹菜、称赞食物）、适量喝茶、告别致谢。
11．句意：在你出发前，你应该准备一份小礼物。
根据后文“It’s polite to bring something.”，拜访中国家庭通常带小礼物，而非餐饭或书。meal“餐饭”不符合，book“书”过于具体且不普遍。
12．句意：你应该礼貌地和他们打招呼。
修饰动词greet（问候），应为“礼貌地问候”。quietly“安静地”不符合语境；quickly“快速地”也不恰当。
13．句意：晚一点再打开它会更好。
在中国文化中，当面打开礼物不太常见，晚点打开更好。better是比较级，表示“更好”。dangerous“危险的”和rude“粗鲁的”明显不符。
14．句意：在餐桌上，也有一些规矩。
餐桌上有“规矩”，即礼仪规则。problems“麻烦”和questions“提问”均不合适。
15．句意：你应该等长辈先开始吃。
应等长辈先开始吃，即“在你自己开始吃之前”。after“之后”意思相反；when“当……时”不明确。
16．句意：主人可能会为你夹菜，你应该开心地接受。
主人夹菜给你，应该开心地接受（accept）。refuse“拒绝”不礼貌；throw“扔掉”荒谬。
17．句意：说食物好吃是有礼貌的。
礼貌地“说”食物好吃。think“认为”是内心想法，不直接表达；see“看见”无关。
18．句意：你可以喝一点。
主人提供茶或水果，你可以“喝”一点茶。sell“卖”和make“制作”不符合。
19．句意：在你离开之前，你应该向主人道谢。
在你“离开”之前道谢。come“来”和stay“停留”与逻辑不符。
20．句意：这是表达你的尊敬的好方法。
道谢是表达“尊重”的好方式。sadness“悲伤”和happiness“快乐”不符合语境。
21．B 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文介绍了不同国家的文化和习俗差异，包括问候方式、餐桌礼仪等，并强调了理解和尊重这些差异的重要性，呼吁大家以开放的心态学习不同文化。
21．句意：不同的国家有不同的文化和习俗。
根据上下文语境，different表示“不同的”，符合语境。same相同的，easy容易的，hard困难的，均不符合。
22．句意：问候他人、吃饭和与他人交谈的方式在世界上并不相同。
根据后文“Some people shake hands when they meet, some bow...”，此处指问候方式，greet表示“问候”，符合语境。help帮助，see看见，hear听见，均不符合。
23．句意：有些人见面时握手，有些人鞠躬，还有些人亲吻脸颊。
while用于对比不同的行为，表示“而、然而”，符合语境。and和，but但是，so所以，均不符合。
24．句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，而另一些人用刀叉。
while用于对比不同的用餐工具，表示“而、然而”，符合语境。when当……时，if如果，because因为，均不符合。
25．句意：有些人吃饭时说话，而另一些人认为这是不礼貌的。
根据对比语境，rude表示“粗鲁的、不礼貌的”，符合语境。polite礼貌的，happy开心的，sad难过的，均不符合。
26．句意：了解这些习俗可以帮助我们与外国朋友相处融洽。
help sb. do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，符合语境。stop停止，let让，ask询问，均不符合。
27．句意：当我们遇到来自其他文化的人时，我们应该有礼貌并遵循他们的习俗。
根据上下文，follow表示“遵循、遵守”，符合尊重习俗的语境。change改变，forget忘记，break打破，均不符合。
28．句意：相互理解和尊重可以让世界变得更温暖。
根据语境，warmer表示“更温暖的”，符合让世界变得温暖的语境。colder更冷的，bigger更大的，quieter更安静的，均不符合。
29．句意：它也帮助我们交到新朋友并和平共处。
固定搭配make friends表示“交朋友”，符合语境。take拿，find找到，lose失去，均不符合。
30．句意：我们应该始终保持开放的心态去了解不同的文化。
固定搭配learn about表示“了解、学习”，符合语境。from来自，for为了，with和……一起，均不符合。
31．A 32．C 33．C 34．C 35．D
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了去朋友家做客时如何做到有礼貌，包括到达时间、携带礼物以及如何问候等方面的建议。
31．文章第二段指出“If your friend tells you to come around 18:00, that means you can be a little later. But it’s a good idea to arrive at the right time.”以及结合常识，下午5点左右邀请，可稍微晚一点，但最好准时，5:02 p.m.符合。
32．文章第四段提到“As a child, I went to visit my friend Sam. I called his parents by their first names Jim and Lucy.”可知，作者小时候叫朋友父亲的名字是Jim。
33．文章第四段提到“Another way to be polite is to call them Sir or Madam.”可知，见到朋友的母亲，更礼貌的称呼是Madam。
34．文章分别从“When to arrive”“What to bring”“How to greet”三个方面介绍了去朋友家做客时如何做到有礼貌，共三种方式。
35．文章开头“Going to a friend’s house is very exciting. But remember to be polite.”点明主旨，即去朋友家做客要记得有礼貌，全文围绕此展开，所以本文话题是去别人家做客时要有礼貌。
36．A 37．C 38．B 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去日本的跨文化经历，包括去之前的准备、在日本的活动、与日本家庭的交流以及从这次经历中所获得的感悟等。
36．第二段提到：“Before we went to Japan, my parents and I learned some basic Japanese words and customs.”，这表明作者去日本之前学习了一些基本的日语单词和习俗。
37．第二段提到：“We also learned that it’s impolite to stick chopsticks into rice, which is a special custom in Japan.”，说明日本的一个特殊习俗是不把筷子插进米饭里。
38．第三段提到：“A Japanese guide helped us visit many famous places.”，说明是一位日本导游帮助作者参观了许多著名的地方。
39．最后一段提到：“I think cross-cultural communication is very important. It helps us broaden our horizons and make more friends.”，说明作者从这次跨文化经历中学到跨文化交流很重要，能帮助我们结交更多朋友。
40．第一段点明“it was an unforgettable cross-cultural experience that taught me a lot”，且后文围绕在日本的具体经历以及从中获得的感悟展开，整体主要讲述了作者在日本的跨文化经历以及从中学到的东西。
41．B 42．B 43．C 44．C 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，从学校、公共场所和家庭三个方面介绍了礼貌的重要性，并呼吁大家在生活中养成良好的礼貌习惯。
41．根据原文第一段“They show one’s personal quality and respect for others.”可知，礼貌能体现一个人的个人素质。
42．根据原文第二段“We should greet teachers politely when we meet them.”可知，遇到老师时，我们应该礼貌地打招呼。
43．根据原文第三段“When we wait for the bus or in a shop, we should stand in line and never push others.”可知，在公共场合排队是良好的礼貌行为。
44．根据原文第四段“At home, we should respect our parents and elders.”可知，尊重父母和长辈是良好的家庭礼貌。
45．全文围绕礼貌的重要性展开，分别介绍了学校、公共场所和家庭中的礼貌行为，因此“The Importance of Good Manners”最贴合文章主旨，作标题最佳。
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