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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 短文语法综合填空 专题练
2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
Dear Yaming,
I will visit my Chinese friend’s home next week. I am writing to ask for your advice on Chinese table m 1 . I know that cultural differences can sometimes cause e 2 situations, so I want to do everything right.
F 3 , should I take a gift If so, what is a p 4 gift to buy S 5 , when we have dinner, is there any special rule For example, I am not u 6 to eating with chopsticks. Is it okay if I use a fork Also, I hear that Chinese people like to serve a lot of food to their guests. What should I say if I am full Will they feel sad u 7 I eat everything on the table
I really want to leave a good i 8 on his parents. I know a simple smile can go a l 9 way, but I still want to learn more about the traditions. I look forward to r 10 your email soon.
Cheers,
Tina
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In many Asian countries, it is normal for people to eat with chopsticks. However, there are some rules about how to use them 11 (proper). Firstly, don’t stick your chopsticks into food. That is very 12 (polite) and even considered unlucky in some cultures. Secondly, don’t pull dishes close to you with your chopsticks. It is 13 (proper) to reach for food. Thirdly, don’t point at others with your chopsticks or wave them around when you talk. It is seen as 14 (friendly) and rude. 15 (last) but not least, hold your chopsticks correctly. Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little 16 (challenge). Many people feel 17 (confuse) at first, because there are many rules to remember. Some people even feel 18 (embarrass) when they drop food or use chopsticks the wrong way. But don’t worry. With practice, you will get better. The key is to keep trying. It’s 19 (common) to make mistakes when learning something new. Soon, you’ll find that using chopsticks is not as difficult as you think. It’s 20 (interest) to learn about different table manners around the world.
It is believed that the Qiang people create magic with needles. Their embroidery (刺绣) is 21 (know) for rainbow-like patterns on black clothes. Before dawn breaks, craftswomen already sit by 22 (wood) windows, their hands moving like gentle streams. They work all the time, turning dreams into stitches. Every thread holds prayers for family 23 (healthy) and harvest joy.
The Qiang people, 24 believe sheep are lucky, embroider sheep horn flowers on clothes and shoes to keep away bad luck! They live in misty (多雾的) mountains and love sunshine. In the past, they used to 25 (make) round suns with golden threads, a tradition some artisans still keep alive today.
Qiang art now brightens modern life. Young designers in Mianyang blend old patterns with new styles. They add 26 (it) symbols to schoolbags, phone cases, and even skateboards! Models parade in Qiang-style dresses worldwide! People are 27 (please) with its cultural charm, calling it “a rainbow from the mountains”.
In school clubs across Sichuan, children learn embroidery from Qiang grandmothers. Elders warn them 28 (respect) each stitch’s meaning, for patterns speak our ancestors’ language. We are 29 (pride) of this “wordless history book”. 30 doubt, it connects past to future. Through needles and threads, Qiang voices cross centuries. Let our voices sing its stories forever!
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Different countries have different greeting customs. In many Western countries, people often shake hands when they meet for the first time. In Japan, people like 31 (bow) to each other as a sign of respect. Some people bump fists 32 a friendly way to greet each other. In France, it is common 33 (kiss) on the cheek when meeting close friends. The Maori people in New Zealand sometimes rub noses 34 they meet. Many people feel confused 35 the right way to greet people in a new culture. Some people may feel embarrassed when they use the wrong greeting. For example, Anna from the US was surprised 36 the way people greet in some Asian countries. Li Tong once felt confused when he didn’t know how 37 (greet) a foreign guest. Ji-Hoon felt embarrassed when he tried to hug someone who preferred 38 (bow). 39 is important to learn about different greeting customs before visiting a new country. We should remember that there is no single right way to greet people. We need to respect the local customs and be polite. In this way, we can avoid making mistakes and make new friends 40 (easy).
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
India is a country with rich and special culture. Many people there like 41 (eat) curry very much. It is a popular dish all over the country. When you visit Indian friends, they will usually offer you some tea or fruit. It is polite 42 (use) your right hand to eat or pass things, but it is rude 43 (use) the left hand. People in India often wear clothes 44 cover their arms and legs. They have a special greeting. They press their palms together 45 say “Namaste”. Many people don’t eat beef, so dishes with beef are 46 (common) there. People often eat curry 47 their hands instead of forks. Cows are very special to many people in India. They can go anywhere they like, and people won’t stop them. If you plan 48 (visit) India, it is important to learn about these customs. You should be polite and follow the local ways. 49 you understand the culture, you will have a great time there. It’s always good to respect the customs of the places 50 you travel.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Different countries have different table manners. When you go to a friend’s house for dinner in the UK, you should bring a small gift. Don’t bring food 51 the host asks you to. Remember 52 (wait) for the host to start eating before you begin. When using a knife and fork, hold the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left. If you get 53 (confuse), just watch what everyone else 54 (do). After the meal, you should thank the host and say everything was delicious. In China, there are also some important rules. You should wait for older people 55 (start) eating first. Sit up straight and keep your elbows 56 the table. Don’t stand up to reach 57 food. If the dish is far from you, ask others to pass it to you. It is polite 58 (use) serving chopsticks to take food from shared dishes. 59 you remember these rules, you will feel more relaxed at the dinner table. Table manners are not just about rules; they are about showing respect 60 others.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traveling to a foreign country can be exciting, but it can also be challenging 61 you don’t know the local customs. When 62 (compare) customs between China and Brazil, we can find some similarities. For example, it is not polite 63 (talk) with your mouth full in both countries. This shows that good manners are 64 (universal) accepted. But there are also some differences. In China, we use chopsticks to eat, 65 people in Brazil use a knife and fork. Also, in China, it’s polite to arrive a little early for a visit. But in some countries, people think it is rude 66 (arrive) too early. As for gift-giving, in China, we usually give gifts with both hands 67 show respect. In Brazil, people may open gifts immediately 68 they receive them. It’s important 69 (remember) that “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”. If you understand and respect cultural differences, you will get along 70 (good) with people around the world.
参考答案
1．manners/anners 2．embarrassing/mbarrassing 3．Firstly/irstly 4．proper/roper 5．Secondly/econdly 6．used/sed 7．unless/nless 8．impression/mpression 9．long/ong 10．receiving/eceiving
【导语】本文是一封询问中国餐桌礼仪的求助邮件。
1．句意：我写信是想向你请教中国的餐桌礼仪。上文说要去中国朋友家做客，所以是请教中国的餐桌礼仪，table manners“餐桌礼仪”。
2．句意：我知道文化差异有时会导致尴尬的情况，所以我想把每件事都做好。下文说想把每件事都做好，应该是怕文化差异导致尴尬局面，embarrassing“令人尴尬的”，形容词修饰名词situations。
3．句意：首先，我应该带礼物吗？此处问的是第一个问题，用副词firstly“第一，首先”。
4．句意：如果是这样，买什么礼物才合适？此处询问买什么合适的礼物给主人，proper“合适的”，形容词修饰名词gift。
5．句意：第二，我们吃饭的时候，有什么特别的规定吗？第一个问题是关于买礼物，此处是第二个问题——餐桌礼仪，用副词secondly“第二”。
6．句意：例如，我不习惯用筷子吃饭。be used to doing sth“习惯做某事”。填used。
7．句意：如果我不把桌上的东西都吃光，他们会难过吗？此处表示与“I eat everything on the table”相反的情况，询问如果不把桌上的东西都吃光，主人是否会难过，用unless“除非；如果不”引导条件状语从句。
8．句意：我真的很想给他的父母留下一个好印象。leave a good impression on sb“给某人留下好印象”。
9．句意：我知道一个简单的微笑就能起很大作用。go a long way“大有帮助”是固定短语。
10．句意：我期待着很快收到你的电子邮件。宾语为“电子邮件”，写信人应该是希望很快收到回件，receive“收到”，look forward to doing sth“期待做某事”，此处用receive的动名词形式receiving。
11．properly 12．impolite 13．improper 14．unfriendly 15．Last 16．challenging 17．confused 18．embarrassed 19．common 20．interesting
【导语】本文介绍了亚洲国家使用筷子的相关礼仪规则，强调了正确使用筷子的重要性，同时也鼓励人们通过练习掌握筷子用法，了解不同的餐桌礼仪。
11．句意：然而，有一些关于如何正确使用筷子的规则。根据“修饰动词use需用副词”可知，proper的副词形式是properly。
12．句意：那是非常不礼貌的，在一些文化中甚至被认为是不吉利的。根据“把筷子插在食物里是不礼貌的行为”可知，此处需用polite的反义词impolite。
13．句意：其次，不要用筷子把餐盘拉到自己面前。伸手去够食物是不合礼仪的。考查形容词反义词，固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth.。proper意为 “合适的、合乎礼仪的”，结合筷子礼仪常识，直接伸手够饭菜是不礼貌的，需用反义词improper。
14．句意：这被视为不友好且粗鲁的。根据“用筷子指别人或说话时挥舞筷子是不礼貌的”可知，此处需用friendly的反义词unfriendly。
15．句意：最后但同样重要的是，要正确握筷子。根据固定短语“last but not least（最后但同样重要的是）” 可知，此处需用last，句首单词首字母需大写。
16．句意：使用筷子看起来容易，但实际上可能有点有挑战性。根据“a little后接形容词”可知，challenge的形容词形式是challenging，表示 “有挑战性的”。
17．句意：很多人一开始会感到困惑，因为有很多规则要记住。根据“feel后接形容词修饰人”可知，confuse修饰人时用confused，表示“感到困惑的”。
18．句意：有些人掉食物或用错筷子方式时甚至会感到尴尬。根据“feel后接形容词修饰人”可知，embarrass修饰人时用embarrassed，表示“感到尴尬的”。
19．句意：学习新事物时犯错是很常见的。根据“学习新事物犯错是正常现象”可知，此处用形容词common 表示 “常见的、普遍的”。
20．句意：了解世界各地不同的餐桌礼仪是很有趣的。根据“It’s后接形容词修饰事物”可知，interest修饰事物时用interesting，表示 “有趣的”。
21．known 22．wooden 23．health 24．who 25．make 26．its 27．pleased 28．to respect 29．proud 30．Without
【导语】本文主要讲述了羌族刺绣这一传统工艺，包括其特点、文化寓意、历史传承以及在现代的发展。
21．句意：他们的刺绣以黑布上彩虹般的图案而闻名。be known for“因……而闻名”，此处用know的过去分词形式known。
22．句意：天亮前，女工匠们已经坐在木窗旁，她们的手像轻柔的溪流一样移动。此处需要形容词修饰名词windows，wood的形容词形式是wooden，意为“木制的”。
23．句意：每一根线都承载着对家人健康和丰收喜悦的祈愿。此处作介词for的宾语，需用名词形式。
24．句意：认为羊是吉祥的羌族人，在衣服和鞋子上绣羊角花以驱走厄运！此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The Qiang people指人，从句缺主语，故用关系代词who。
25．句意：过去，他们常用金线绣制圆形太阳图案，这一传统至今仍被一些工匠保留着。used to do sth是固定搭配，意为“过去常常做某事”，to后接动词原形。
26．句意：他们把它的图案添加到书包、手机壳甚至滑板上！此处修饰名词symbols，用it的形容词性物主代词its。
27．句意：人们对它的文化魅力感到满意，称它为“来自大山的彩虹”。be pleased with是固定短语，意为“对……感到满意”，空处填形容词pleased。
28．句意：长辈们告诫他们要尊重每一针的含义，因为图案承载着祖先的语言。warn sb to do sth意为“提醒某人做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语补足语。
29．句意：我们为这本“无字史书”感到骄傲。be proud of是固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”，proud是形容词，在句中作表语。
30．句意：毫无疑问，它连接着过去与未来。without doubt是固定短语，意为“毫无疑问”，句首单词首字母需大写。
31．to bow/bowing 32．in 33．to kiss 34．when 35．about 36．at 37．to greet 38．to bow/bowing 39．It 40．easily
【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家各具特色的问候礼仪，指出人们在陌生文化中容易因问候方式不当而尴尬，强调出国前需了解当地问候习俗、尊重本土文化的重要性，倡导以礼貌的方式避免社交失误、顺利结交朋友。
31．句意：在日本，人们喜欢互相鞠躬，以此表示尊重。“like to do sth./like doing sth.”表示“喜欢做某事”，固定搭配。
32．句意：有些人会以友好的方式碰拳，来互相打招呼。“in a ... way”表示“以……的方式”，是英语中的固定表达。
33．句意：在法国，和亲密的朋友见面时亲吻脸颊是很常见的。“It is+形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式“to do”，表示“做某事是……的”。
34．句意：新西兰的毛利人见面时，有时会碰鼻子。“when”引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，用来描述两个动作同时发生。
35．句意：很多人在陌生文化中，会对正确的打招呼方式感到困惑。“feel confused about sth.”表示“对某事感到困惑/迷茫”，固定搭配。
36．句意：比如，来自美国的安娜，对一些亚洲国家的打招呼方式感到惊讶。“be surprised at sth.”表示“对某事感到惊讶”，为固定搭配，“at”用来引出惊讶的对象。
37．句意：李彤曾经因为不知道如何问候外国客人而感到困惑。“疑问词（how/what/when等）+to do”在句中作“know”的宾语，表示“如何/怎样做某事”，为固定结构。
38．句意：智勋试图拥抱一个更愿意鞠躬的人时，感到很尴尬。“prefer to do sth./prefer doing sth.”表示“更愿意/更喜欢做某事”，固定搭配。
39．句意：在去一个新国家旅行前，了解不同的问候礼仪是很重要的。“It is+形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，“It”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，句首首字母必须大写。
40．句意：这样一来，我们就能避免犯错，轻松地交到新朋友。副词用来修饰动词“make”，“easy”是形容词，对应的副词形式是“easily”，表示“轻松地、容易地”。
41．eating 42．to use 43．to use 44．that/which 45．and 46．uncommon 47．with 48．to visit 49．If/When 50．where
【导语】本文介绍了印度的特色风俗，包含饮食、手部使用、穿着、问候礼仪以及对牛的特殊观念等，告诉我们出行要尊重当地文化习俗。
41．句意：那里很多人都非常喜欢吃咖喱。固定搭配“like doing sth”此处意为喜欢做某事，动名词作宾语，根据文中提示词eat对应eating。
42．句意：用右手吃饭、递东西是礼貌的，而用左手是不礼貌的。“It is polite to do sth”是固定句型，不定式作真正主语，根据文中提示词use对应to use。
43．句意：用右手吃饭、递东西是礼貌的，而用左手是不礼貌的。“It is rude to do sth”是固定句型，不定式作真正主语，根据文中提示词use对应to use。
44．句意：印度人通常会穿遮盖手臂和双腿的衣服。此句是定语从句，缺主语，先行词clothes是物，关系词用that/which。
45．句意：他们双手合十，然后说“纳玛斯特”。连接两个并列的动作press和say的并列连词，用and。
46．句意：许多印度人不吃牛肉，所以牛肉类菜肴在当地很少见。与原文“Many people don’t eat beef”对应，根据文中提示词common应填否定形式，对应uncommon，意为“不寻常的，罕见的”。
47．句意：人们常徒手吃咖喱，而不用叉子。eat with one’s hands为固定搭配，用介词with 表示“用 (身体部位)”。
48．句意：如果你计划去印度旅游，了解这些风俗是很重要的。固定搭配“plan to do sth”意为计划做某事，不定式作宾语，根据文中提示词visit对应to visit。
49．句意：如果/当你了解当地文化，就会在那里过得很愉快。“如果你理解这种文化/当你理解了这种文化时”，为条件/时间状语从句，If意为“如果”； When意为“当……的时候”。
50．句意：尊重旅行目的地的风俗习惯，永远是一种好事。此句是定语从句，且从句是完整的句子，先行词places表示地点，关系词用where。
51．unless 52．to wait 53．confused 54．does 55．to start 56．off 57．for 58．to use 59．If 60．to
【导语】本文介绍了英国和中国的餐桌礼仪，强调了在不同文化中用餐时表达尊重的重要性。
51．句意：除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。前后句表示条件关系，“除非”用连词unless引导条件状语从句。
52．句意：记得等主人开始吃之后你才开始吃。“remember to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“记得要做某事”，wait的不定式形式为to wait。
53．句意：如果你感到困惑，就观察其他人怎么做。get后接形容词作表语，表示“变得……”，confuse的形容词形式为confused，意为“感到困惑的”。
54．句意：如果你感到困惑，就观察其他人怎么做。此处描述的是普遍情况下的餐桌礼仪建议，应用一般现在时；主语“everyone else”为不定代词，视为第三人称单数，谓语动词用do的第三人称单数形式does。
55．句意：你应该等年长者先开始吃。“wait for sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“等某人做某事”，start的不定式形式为to start。
56．句意：坐直并把你的手肘保持在不挨着桌子的位置（即离开桌子）。表示“离开、不接触”用介词off。
57．句意：不要站起来去够食物。“reach for”为固定短语，意为“伸手去够”，表示目的。
58．句意：使用公筷从共享的菜盘中取食物是礼貌的。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”为固定结构，it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式短语，use的不定式形式为to use。
59．句意：如果你记住这些规则，你在餐桌上会感到更放松。前后句为条件关系，用连词if引导条件状语从句,句首首字母大写。
60．句意：餐桌礼仪不仅仅是规则，它们关乎对他人表示尊重。“show respect to”为固定搭配，意为“对……表示尊重”。
61．when 62．comparing 63．to talk 64．universally 65．while 66．to arrive 67．to 68．when 69．to remember 70．well
【导语】本文通过对比中国与巴西在餐桌礼仪、拜访习惯、赠送礼物等方面的文化差异，强调了入乡随俗的重要性，并指出尊重文化差异有助于与世界各地的人更好地相处。
61．句意：去国外旅行可能令人兴奋，但当你不了解当地风俗的时候，也可能充满挑战。此处可用“when”引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，符合句意。
62．句意：当比较中国和巴西的风俗时，我们可以发现一些相似之处。“When + 现在分词”结构作时间状语，主语“we”与“compare”为主动关系，需用现在分词“comparing”。
63．句意：在这两个国家，嘴里塞满食物时说话都是不礼貌的。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，其中“it”为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
64．句意：这表明良好的礼仪是被普遍接受的。修饰动词“accepted”，需用副词形式作状语。“universal”的副词形式为“universally”，意为“普遍地”。
65．句意：在中国，我们用筷子吃饭，而巴西人用刀叉。前半句说中国用筷子，后半句说巴西人用刀叉，前后句为对比关系，需用连词“while”，表示“然而”。
66．句意：但在一些国家，人们认为到得太早是不礼貌的。“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，其中“it”为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
67．句意：在中国，我们通常用双手送礼物以示尊重。此处用动词不定式“to show”作目的状语，表示“为了表示”。
68．句意：在巴西，人们可能会在收到礼物的时候立刻打开。此处可用“when”引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，符合句意。
69．句意：记住“入乡随俗”很重要。“It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型，其中“it”为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
70．句意：如果你理解并尊重文化差异，你就能与世界各地的人更好地相处。修饰动词短语“get along”，需用副词形式作状语。“well”意为“好地”，符合句意，get along well with为固定短语，意为“与……相处融洽”。
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