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(共47张PPT)
Unit 4 My friends
初中英语冀教版七年级下册单词讲解
Vocabulary
chalk /t k/ n. 粉笔
self /self/ n.（指一个人）自己；自我
interest / ntr st/ n. 兴趣；趣味；利益
agree / ɡri / v. 同意；赞成；商定
care /ke (r)/ v. 关心；关注；担忧；n. 照顾；小心；忧虑
understand / nd st nd/ v. 理解；谅解
friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊；友好
argument / ɑ ɡjum nt/ n. 争论；争吵
hit /h t/ v.（用手或器具）击，打
decide /d sa d/ v. 决定；选定
bath /bɑ θ/ n. 洗浴；浴缸
sudden / s dn/ adj. 突然的
Vocabulary
could /k d/ modal v. 能
trouble / tr bl/ n. 困难；麻烦；问题；v. 使苦恼；使忧虑
breathe /bri / v. 呼吸；呼出
luckily / l k li/ adv. 幸运地
save /se v/ v. 救；挽救；储蓄；保存
flat /fl t/ adj. 平滑的；平坦的；n. 公寓
stone /st n/ n. 石头；石块
someone / s mw n/ pron. 某人
hurtful / h tfl/ adj. 伤感情的
wind /w nd/ n. 风；气流
blow /bl / v. 吹；破裂；n. 猛击；打击
erase / re z/ v. 清除；擦掉；抹去
Vocabulary
terrible / ter bl/ adj. 可怕的；非常严重的
happen / h p n/ v.（尤指偶然）发生；（作为结果）出现；碰巧
lose /lu z/ v. 失去；遗失
donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠；赠送；捐献
lucky / l ki/ adj. 幸运的；有好运的
raise /re z/ v. 筹募；提升；养育
change /t e nd / v. 变化；改变；交换；n. 变化；替代
shy / a / adj. 羞怯的；胆小的
once /w ns/ adv. 曾经；一次；conj. 一旦；一……就
lonely / l nli/ adj. 孤独的；偏僻的
develop /d vel p/ v. 发展；开发；研制
— — — Unit 4 — — —
Words and expressions
chalk
/t k/
n. 粉笔
词性
变换
- chalky adj. 白垩的；粉笔般的
短语
- a piece of chalk 一支粉笔
- write with chalk 用粉笔写
例句
1. The teacher wrote on the blackboard with white chalk.
老师用白色粉笔在黑板上写字。
2. I need a box of colored chalk for art class.
美术课我需要一盒彩色粉笔。
self
/self/
n. （指一个人）自己；自我
词性
变换
- selves pl. selves（复数）
- selfish adj. 自私的
- selfless adj. 无私的
短语
- one’s true self 真实的自我
- self-respect 自尊
例句
1. We should learn to love ourselves first.
我们应该先学会爱自己。
2. She is always thinking of others, not just herself.
她总是为别人着想，而不只是自己。
interest
/ ntr st/
n. 兴趣；趣味；利益
词性
变换
- interested adj. 感兴趣的
- interesting adj. 有趣的
短语
- be interested in 对……感兴趣
- show interest in 对……表现出兴趣
例句
1. I have a great interest in music.
我对音乐有浓厚的兴趣。
2. The story is very interesting to children.
这个故事对孩子们来说很有趣。
agree
/ ɡri /
v. 同意；赞成；商定
词性
变换
- agreement n. 同意；协议
- 反义词 disagree 不同意
短语
- agree with sb 同意某人的意见
- agree to do sth 同意做某事
例句
1. My parents agree to let me join the club.
我的父母同意让我加入这个俱乐部。
2. We all agree that friendship is very important.
我们都同意友谊非常重要。
care
/ke (r)/
v. 关心；关注；担忧；
n. 照顾；小心；忧虑
词性
变换
- careful adj. 小心的；仔细的
- careless adj. 粗心的
短语
- care about 关心；在乎
- take care of 照顾；照料
例句
1. I really care about my friends’ feelings.
我真的很在乎我朋友的感受。
2. She takes good care of her little brother.
她把弟弟照顾得很好。
understand
/ nd st nd/
v. 理解；谅解
词性
变换
- 过去式/过去分词 understood
- understanding n. 理解；谅解
短语
- understand each other 互相理解
- make oneself understood 表达清楚自己的意思
例句
1. I can understand your feelings.
我能理解你的感受。
2. We should try to understand different opinions.
我们应该尝试理解不同的观点。
friendship
/ frend p/
n. 友谊；友好
词性
变换
- friend n. 朋友
短语
- true friendship 真正的友谊
- build friendship 建立友谊
例句
1. Friendship is one of the most important things in life.
友谊是人生中最重要的东西之一。
2. We have a strong friendship that lasts for years.
我们之间有着持续多年的深厚友谊。
argument
/ ɑ ɡjum nt/
n. 争论；争吵
词性
变换
- argue v. 争论；争吵
短语
- have an argument with sb 和某人争吵
- avoid arguments 避免争吵
例句
1. We had a small argument about the plan.
我们就这个计划发生了一点小争执。
2. It’s better to talk than to have an argument.
好好谈谈比争吵要好。
hit
/h t/
v. （用手或器具）击，打
词性
变换
- 过去式/过去分词 hit
短语
- hit sb on the head 打某人的头
- hit the target 击中目标
例句
1. He accidentally hit his hand on the door.
他不小心手撞到了门上。
2. The ball hit the window and broke it.
球撞到了窗户，把它打碎了。
decide
/d sa d/
v. 决定；选定
词性
变换
- decision n. 决定
短语
- decide to do sth 决定做某事
- make a decision 做决定
例句
1. I decide to study harder this term.
我决定这学期更努力学习。
2. We need to decide where to go for the holiday.
我们需要决定假期去哪里。
bath
/bɑ θ/
n. 洗浴；浴缸
词性
变换
- bathe v. 洗澡；沐浴
短语
- take a bath 洗澡
- a hot bath 热水澡
例句
1. I like to take a warm bath after a long day.
漫长的一天后我喜欢洗个热水澡。
2. The bath is full of nice-smelling water.
浴缸里装满了好闻的水。
sudden
/ s dn/
adj. 突然的
词性
变换
- suddenly adv. 突然地
短语
- all of a sudden 突然
例句
1. There was a sudden noise outside the window.
窗外突然传来一阵声响。
2. The sudden rain made us all wet.
突如其来的雨把我们都淋湿了。
could
/k d/
modal
v. 能
短语
- could you please… 你能……吗？
例句
1. When I was young, I could run very fast.
我小时候能跑得很快。
2. Could you help me carry this box
你能帮我搬这个箱子吗？
trouble
/ tr bl/
n. 困难；麻烦；问题；
v. 使苦恼；使忧虑
短语
- in trouble 处于困境中
- have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难
例句
1. He is in trouble and needs our help.
他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。
2. I have trouble understanding this math problem.
我理解这道数学题有困难。
breathe
/bri /
v. 呼吸；呼出
词性
变换
- breath n. 呼吸；气息
短语
- take a deep breath 深呼吸
- breathe in/out 吸入/呼出
例句
1. It’s good to breathe fresh air in the countryside.
在乡村呼吸新鲜空气对身体好。
2. He held his breath under the water.
他在水下屏住了呼吸。
luckily
/ l k li/
adv. 幸运地
词性
变换
- lucky adj. 幸运的
- luck n. 运气
短语
- luckily for sb 对某人来说幸运的是
例句
1. Luckily, I caught the last bus.
幸运的是，我赶上了最后一班公交车。
2. Luckily, no one was hurt in the accident.
幸运的是，事故中没有人受伤。
save
/se v/
v. 救；挽救；储蓄；保存
词性
变换
- saving n. 节约；存款
短语
- save one’s life 救某人的命
- save money 存钱
例句
1. The doctor saved the boy’s life.
医生救了这个男孩的命。
2. I am saving money to buy a new bike.
我在存钱买一辆新自行车。
flat
/fl t/
adj. 平滑的；平坦的；
n. 公寓
短语
- a flat road 平坦的路
- live in a flat 住在公寓里
例句
1. The ground is very flat here.
这里的地面非常平坦。
2. My family lives in a small flat in the city.
我家住在城里的一套小公寓里。
stone
/st n/
n. 石头；石块
短语
- a stone wall 石墙
- throw stones 扔石头
例句
1. The path is made of small stones.
这条小路是用小石头铺成的。
2. He picked up a stone and threw it into the lake.
他捡起一块石头扔进了湖里。
someone
/ s mw n/
pron. 某人
短语
- someone else 其他人
例句
1. Someone is waiting for you at the door.
有人在门口等你。
2. I need someone to help me with this work.
我需要有人帮我做这项工作。
hurtful
/ h tfl/
adj. 伤感情的
词性
变换
- hurt v. 使受伤；使伤心
短语
- hurtful words 伤人的话
例句
1. His words were very hurtful to her.
他的话对她很伤感情。
2. We should avoid saying hurtful things to our friends.
我们应该避免对朋友说伤人的话。
wind
/w nd/
n. 风；气流
词性
变换
- windy adj. 有风的
短语
- strong wind 大风
- in the wind 在风中
例句
1. The wind blew the leaves off the trees.
风把树叶从树上吹落了。
2. It’s a windy day today.
今天是个大风天。
blow
/bl /
v. 吹；破裂；
n. 猛击；打击
词性
变换
- 过去式 blew，过去分词 blown
短语
- blow away 吹走
- blow out 吹灭
例句
1. The wind blew my hat away.
风把我的帽子吹走了。
2. She blew out the candles on her birthday cake.
她吹灭了生日蛋糕上的蜡烛。
erase
/ re z/
v. 清除；擦掉；抹去
词性
变换
- eraser n. 橡皮
短语
- erase the mistakes 擦掉错误
例句
1. Please erase the wrong answer and write the correct one.
请擦掉错误答案，写上正确的。
2. He erased the drawing from the board.
他把板上的画擦掉了。
terrible
/ ter bl/
adj. 可怕的；非常严重的
词性
变换
- terribly adv. 非常；可怕地
短语
- a terrible accident 可怕的事故
- feel terrible 感觉很糟糕
例句
1. It was a terrible storm last night.
昨晚是一场可怕的暴风雨。
2. I feel terrible because I have a cold.
我感冒了，感觉很糟糕。
happen
/ h p n/
v. （尤指偶然）发生；（作为结果）出现；碰巧
短语
- happen to do sth 碰巧做某事
- what happened 发生了什么事？
例句
1. What happened to your bike It’s broken.
你的自行车怎么了？它坏了。
2. I happened to meet my old friend on the street.
我碰巧在街上遇到了我的老朋友。
lose
/lu z/
v. 失去；遗失
词性
变换
- 过去式 lost，过去分词 lost
- loss n. 损失；失去
短语
- lose one’s way 迷路
- lose heart 灰心
例句
1. I lost my keys this morning.
今天早上我丢了钥匙。
2. Don’t lose hope; everything will be better.
不要灰心，一切都会好起来的。
donate
/d ne t/
v. 捐赠；赠送；捐献
词性
变换
- donation n. 捐赠；捐款
短语
- donate money to… 向……捐款
- donate blood 献血
例句
1. We donated some books to the school library.
我们向学校图书馆捐赠了一些书。
2. Many people donate to help the poor.
很多人捐款帮助穷人。
lucky
/ l ki/
adj. 幸运的；有好运的
词性
变换
- luckily adv. 幸运地
- luck n. 运气
短语
- be lucky to do sth 很幸运做某事
- lucky number 幸运数字
例句
1. I am lucky to have such good friends.
我很幸运有这么好的朋友。
2. Seven is my lucky number.
7是我的幸运数字。
raise
/re z/
v. 筹募；提升；养育
短语
- raise money 筹钱
- raise one’s hand 举手
例句
1. We are raising money for the poor children.
我们在为贫困儿童筹钱。
2. She raised her hand to ask a question.
她举手提问。
change
/t e nd /
v. 变化；改变；交换；
n. 变化；替代
词性
变换
- changeable adj. 易变的
短语
- change one’s mind 改变主意
- change into 变成
例句
1. The city has changed a lot in the past few years.
这座城市在过去几年里变化很大。
2. I changed my seat with my classmate.
我和同学换了座位。
shy
/ a /
adj. 羞怯的；胆小的
词性
变换
- shyly adv. 害羞地
短语
- be shy of 害怕；对……羞怯
例句
1. She is very shy and doesn’t like to talk to strangers.
她很害羞，不喜欢和陌生人说话。
2. The shy boy hid behind his mother.
这个害羞的男孩躲在妈妈身后。
once
/w ns/
adv. 曾经；一次；
conj. 一旦；一……就
短语
- once again 再一次
- at once 立刻；马上
例句
1. I once visited this city with my family.
我曾经和家人一起游览过这座城市。
2. Once you start, you should finish it.
一旦开始，你就应该完成它。
lonely
/ l nli/
adj. 孤独的；偏僻的
词性
变换
- loneliness n. 孤独
短语
- feel lonely 感到孤独
- a lonely village 偏僻的村庄
例句
1. He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
他独自生活，但并不感到孤独。
2. The old house is in a lonely place.
这座老房子在一个偏僻的地方。
develop
/d vel p/
v. 发展；开发；研制
词性
变换
- development n. 发展
- developed adj. 发达的
- developing adj. 发展中的
短语
- develop a habit 养成习惯
- develop a new product 开发新产品
例句
1. We should develop our interests and hobbies.
我们应该培养自己的兴趣爱好。
2. The company is developing a new kind of phone.
这家公司正在研发一种新型手机。
— — — Unit 4 — — —
Exercises
一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词
1. The teacher wrote on the blackboard with white _____ (粉笔).
2. We should learn to care about our true ____ (自我).
3. She has a great i________ in painting.
4. My parents didn't ______ (同意) to let me go out alone.
5. Please take good c____ of your grandma when I'm away.
chalk
self
nterest
agree
are
一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词
6. It's important for friends to ____________ (理解) each other.
7. True ____________ (友谊) can last forever.
8. They had an a________ about where to go for the holiday.
9. He _____ (击，打) the ball so hard that it flew out of the playground.
10. I d______ to study English harder from now on.
understand
friendship
rgument
hit
ecide
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1. You should be _______ (care) when you cross the street.
2. The story is very ___________ (interest) and all the children like it.
3. We reached an _________ (agree) after a long discussion.
4. She felt ______ (lonely) when she moved to the new city.
5. _______ (luck), we got the last two tickets for the concert.
careful
interesting
agreement
lonely
Luckily
二、用单词的适当形式填空
6. The doctor's quick action ______ (save) the little boy's life.
7. He ___________ (understand) the problem after the teacher explained it again.
8. Some students are raising money for the ___________ (develop) of the village.
9. I _____ (lose) my wallet on the way to school yesterday.
10. The _____ (wind) day made it hard to walk outside.
saved
understood
development
lost
windy
三、选词填空
care, understand, friendship, decide, trouble
(请从方框中选择合适单词填入空格，每词限用一次)
1. Good __________ is built on trust and respect between friends.
2. If you _____ about your friends, you will always listen to them patiently.
3. I can't __________ why he is so angry with us.
4. After thinking for a long time, I finally ______ to join the volunteer club.
5. When you are in _______, don't hesitate to ask your friends for help.
friendship
care
understand
decide
trouble
See You!

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