Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 同步【语法】-物主代词-复习和训练-2025-2026学年仁爱科普版七年级英语下册(含答案)

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Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 同步【语法】-物主代词-复习和训练-2025-2026学年仁爱科普版七年级英语下册(含答案)

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Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand-同步【语法】-物主代词
同步语法复习
一、核心概念:两类物主代词
物主代词用来表示 “谁的”,分为形容词性物主代词(后接名词)和名词性物主代词(单独使用,= 形容词性物主代词 + 名词)。
类别 单数 复数
形容词性物主代词(后必须加名词) my, your, his, her, its our, your, their
名词性物主代词(可单独用,= 形物 + 名词) mine, yours, his, hers, its ours, yours, theirs
二、本单元核心用法
形容词性物主代词:后面必须接名词,相当于形容词
例:
This is my bedroom.(my 修饰 bedroom)
The man is walking his dog.(his 修饰 dog)
The children are playing in their yard.(their 修饰 yard)
名词性物主代词:后面不加名词,可直接作主语 / 宾语 / 表语
例:
The bedroom is mine.(= my bedroom)
The yellow kite is yours.(= your kite)
The red bike is hers.(= her bike)
The house is ours.(= our house)
The yard is theirs.(= their yard)
三、超好记 记忆口诀
口诀一 基础背诵
我 my 名 mine,
你 your 名 yours,
他 he 还是 his,
她 her 变 hers,
它 its 还是 its,
我们 our 变 ours,
他们 their 变 theirs。
口诀二 用法万能口诀
有名用形物,无名用名物
有名词,就用:my/your/his/her/its/our/their
无名词,就用:mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs
口诀三 拼写变化口诀
四变 s,两不变
四变:my→mine your→yours her→hers our→ours their→theirs
两不变:his 、its 形物名物一个样。
四、转化规律(七年级必考)
1. 结构转化公式
公式 1:形物代 + 名词 = 名物代
例:my pen = mine
  her bag = hers
  our classroom = ours
公式 2:This is + 形物代 + 名词
= The + 名词 + is + 名物代
例:This is my bed.
= The bed is mine.
2. 固定句型规律
后面紧跟名词 → 只用形容词性物主代词
句尾单独使用、后面没名词 → 只用名词性物主代词
a friend of + 名物代 固定双重所有格
例:a friend of mine 我的一个好朋友
五、中考必考考点
两类物主代词的区分使用
后有名词 → 用形容词性物主代词
后无名词 → 用名词性物主代词
例:This is ____ book. = This book is ____.(my; mine)
名词性物主代词的结构与变形
除 his 和 its 外,其他名词性物主代词均为 “形容词性物主代词 + -s”:
my → mine, your → yours, her → hers, our → ours, their → theirs
固定结构 a/an/any/some/数词 + 名词 + of + 名词性物主代词
例:She is a good friend of mine.(= one of my good friends)
六、易错点 & 易混点
易错类型 错误示例 正确形式 原因分析
1. 形物 / 名物混淆 This is mine book. This is my book. mine 是名词性物主代词,不能直接修饰名词
2. 漏写 s 或多写 s The bike is her. / The room is ours'. The bike is hers. / The room is ours. her 是形容词性物主代词,名词性形式是 hers;ours 本身已含 s,无需再加'
3. his/its 用法混淆 The dog is it's. The dog is its. it's = it is/it has,its 才是名词性物主代词
4. 固定结构错误 a friend of my a friend of mine 介词 of 后需接名词性物主代词
七、本单元核心句型
This is my bedroom. The bedroom is mine.
Kangkang, your kite flies high. The yellow kite is yours.
The man is walking his dog. The dog is his.
The girl is riding her bike. The red bike is hers.
This is our house. The house is ours.
The children are playing in their yard. The yard is theirs.
同步语法训练
一、单项选择(中考原题)
( ) 1. (2025 北京)—Is this your notebook
—No, it isn’t. ____ is in my schoolbag.
A. My
B. Mine
C. Me
D. Myself
( ) 2. (2024 河南)—Whose pencil box is this
—It’s ____. My name is on it.
A. me
B. my
C. mine
D. I
( ) 3. (2024 河北)This is ____ new classroom. ____ is on the second floor.
A. our; Ours
B. ours; Our
C. our; Our
D. ours; Ours
二、句子填空(中考原题)
(2025 江苏苏州)This is not my pen. ____ (I) is blue.
(2024 湖北武汉)—Is this your book
—No, it’s not ____ (my).
三、用括号内单词的适当形式填空
This is ____ (I) new pen. The pen is ____ (I).
Is this ____ (you) book No, it isn’t. ____ (my) is on the desk.
The boy is playing with ____ (he) toy car. The toy car is ____ (he).
The girl lost ____ (she) bag. Is this bag ____ (she)
This is ____ (we) classroom. The classroom is ____ (we).
Those are ____ (they) books. The books are ____ (they).
四、句型转换
按要求改写句子,每空一词。
This is my bedroom.(改为同义句)
The bedroom ____ ____.
The yellow kite is yours.(改为同义句)
This is ____ ____ ____.
The dog is his.(改为同义句)
This is ____ ____.
This is our house.(改为同义句)
The house ____ ____.
参考答案
一、单项选择(中考原题)
【答案速查】
1.B 2. C 3. A
答案:B
答案:C
答案:A
二、句子填空
【答案】
Mine
mine
句意:— 这是你的书吗?— 不,不是我的。
解析:空格后无名词,用名词性物主代词 mine,指代 my book。
三、用括号内单词的适当形式填空
my;mine
your;Mine
his;his
her;hers
our;ours
their;theirs
四、句型转换
答案
is ;mine
your ;yellow ;kite
his ;dog
is; ours
逐题解析
1. 句 1
原句:This is my bedroom.(这是我的卧室)
2. 句 2
原句:The yellow kite is yours.(这只黄色的风筝是你的)
3. 句 3
原句:The dog is his.(这只狗是他的)
名词」。
原句核心:his = his dog(his 既是形物代也是名物代,这里作形物代)
组合:This is his dog.
4. 句 4

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