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Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand-同步【语法】-一般过去时II-复习和训练
【同步语法复习】
一、核心语法：一般过去时（Ⅱ）
本单元聚焦一般过去时中 be 动词与实义动词的一般疑问句、否定句及特殊疑问句，是中考的基础必考点。
1. 核心定义
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常搭配时间状语：last weekend/ yesterday/ just now/ at that time/ in the past 等。
2. 核心结构（本单元重点）
（1）be 动词（was/were）的过去式
人称 / 单复数 过去式 一般疑问句 肯定 / 否定回答
I/he/she/it was Was he/she in Shanghai yesterday Yes, he/she was. / No, he/she wasn’t.
we/you/they were Were they at home just now Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
you were Were you in bed at that time Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
（2）实义动词（如 help/collect/plant）的过去式
规则变化：
一般动词 + ed：help → helped，plant → planted
以 e 结尾 + d：like → liked
辅音字母 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i + ed：study → studied
重读闭音节双写尾字母 + ed：stop → stopped
不规则变化（本单元高频）：do → did，dig → dug，grow → grew，sweep → swept，cut → cut，have → had，enjoy → enjoyed
句型 结构 例句
一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ... Did you help out at the community center
肯定 / 否定回答 Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn’t. Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ... Who did they help They helped Uncle Zhang.
二、中考高频考点
be 动词与实义动词过去式的句型区分
be 动词过去式：疑问句直接把 was/were 提前，否定句直接加 not。
实义动词过去式：疑问句 / 否定句必须用助动词 did/didn’t，后面动词变回原形（中考高频陷阱！）。
例：错误：Did you helped others 正确：Did you help others
不规则动词过去式（本单元重点词）
do-did, dig-dug, grow-grew, sweep-swept, cut-cut, have-had 是中考完形、写作的高频词，必须牢记。
过去式时间状语的识别
last weekend/ yesterday/ just now/ at that time 等是判断一般过去时的标志，看到这些词必须用过去式。
一般过去时的回答一致性
用 Was/Were 提问，回答必须用 was/wasn’t / were/weren’t。
用 Did 提问，回答必须用 did/didn’t，不能用 was/were。
三、易错点 & 易混点
易错类型 错误示例 正确形式 原因分析
1. did 后动词忘变回原形 Did you helped out at the center Did you help out at the center did 是助动词，后面必须接动词原形
2. was/were 与人称不匹配 Were he at home yesterday Was he at home yesterday 单数用 was，复数用 were
3. 回答前后不一致 Was he there Yes, he were. Was he there Yes, he was. 回答的 be 动词要和问句主语一致
4. 不规则动词拼写错误 He digged a hole. He dug a hole. dig 的过去式是 dug，不是 digged
5. 时间状语与时态不匹配 I help the old man yesterday. I helped the old man yesterday. yesterday 表示过去，要用过去式
四、实用记忆口诀
口诀 1：be 动词过去式
我（I）用 was，你（you）用 were，
is 变 was，are 变 were，
单数 was，复数 were，
否定句后加 n’t，疑问 was/were 提句前。
口诀 2：实义动词过去式
过去式，很简单，
规则加 ed，不规则要记牢；
否定疑问加 did，动词原形要记好，
时间状语是信号，过去动作别忘掉。
五、本单元核心句型
—How was your volunteer activity last weekend
—It was great! We collected some money for wild animals.
—Did you take part in other activities
—Yes, we did. We planted some trees in the community.
Was he/she in Shanghai yesterday Yes, he/she was. / No, he/she wasn’t.
Were they at home just now Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.
Did you help out at the community center Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
Who did they help They helped Uncle Zhang.
六、单元 chant 核心动词过去式汇总
We all did volunteer work at the community garden.
We grew lovely vegetables and beautiful flowers.
We dug, swept and we planted.
We watered, cut out the bad plants, and then we waited.
We had fun working together.
We enjoyed helping each other.
【同步语法练习】
一、按要求改写句子（每空一词）
Kangkang’s volunteer activity was great.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
—____ Kangkang’s volunteer activity great
—____ , ____ ____.
They collected some money for wild animals last weekend.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）
— ____ they ____ any money for wild animals last weekend
— ____ , ____ ____.
He helped Uncle Zhang yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
____ ____ he ____ yesterday
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
I ____ (be) at home yesterday evening.
They ____ (plant) some trees in the community last month.
—Did you ____ (take) part in the volunteer activity
—Yes, I ____ (do).
We ____ (have) fun working in the community garden last week.
He ____ (dig) a hole in the garden just now.
三、中考真题单项选择
( ) 1. （2025 北京） —Peter, did you play table tennis after school yesterday
—No, I didn’t. We ________ vegetables in our school garden.
A. water B. have watered C. watered D. are going to water
( ) 2. （2025 天津） The mobile phone ________ when I was making a cake with my mother.
A. rang B. rings C. is ringing D. is going to ring
( ) 3. （2024 北京） —What did you do last Saturday, Tina
—I ________ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there.
A. go B. went C. will go D. was going
( ) 4. （2024 内蒙古呼和浩特） In China, hotpot first ________ in the Mongolia area, and then became popular.
A. has appeared B. appears C. will appear D. appeared
四、下列句子均有一处错误，请改正
Did you planted trees in the community last week
错误：____ → 改正：____
Was they at home just now
错误：____ → 改正：____
He digged a hole in the garden yesterday.
错误：____ → 改正：____
They help the old people clean the house last weekend.
错误：____ → 改正：____
五、按要求改写句子（每空一词）
They planted some trees in the community.（改为否定句）
They ____ ____ ____ trees in the community.
He helped Uncle Zhang clean the yard.（对划线部分提问）
____ ____ he ____ Uncle Zhang ____
The volunteer activity was great.（对划线部分提问）
____ ____ the volunteer activity
参考答案
一、按要求改写句子（每空一词）
【参考答案】
Was; Yes, it was
Did; collect; No, they didn’t
What; did; do
二、用所给动词适当形式填空
、中考真题单项选择
【答案】
C
A
B
D
【解析】
答案：C
解析：
问句用 did…yesterday 昨天，时态为一般过去时；
答句描述昨天放学后做的事情，动词要用过去式 watered。
A 一般现在时，B 现在完成时，D 一般将来时，都不符合过去时间。
答案：A
解析：
when 引导的从句 was making 是过去进行时，动作发生在过去；
主句 “手机响了” 是过去瞬间发生的动作，用一般过去时 rang。
答案：B
解析：
时间标志 last Saturday 上周六，一般过去时；
go 的过去式为 went。
答案：D

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