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答案解析
单元重点词汇、短语自测
一、 重点单词默写
【名词】
1. fist 2. cheek 3. curry 4. palm 5. fork
6. manner 7. custom 8. impression 9. elbow 10. chopstick
【动词】
1. rub 2. marry 3. congratulate
【形容词/副词】
1. embarrassed 2. confused 3. formal 4. rude 5. unusual
6. confusing 7. proper 8. unsafe 9. informal 10. improper
11. cultural 12. private 13. married 14. main 15. false
16. nicely 17. properly 18. firstly 19. secondly 20. thirdly
【兼类词】
1. bow 2. kiss 3. hug 4. shake 5. touch
【其他词性】
1. whether 2. unless
二、单词词性转换专练
1. traditional 2. embarrassed；embarrassing 3. confused；confusing
4. informal 5. properly 6. rudely
7. married
三、重点短语默写
1. shake hands 2. kiss on the cheek 3. hug someone
4. be used to 5. hear from sb. 6. help a lot
7. first impression 8. table manners 9. take off
10. put on 11. in one's forties 12. be careful
单元重点习题巩固
一、单项选择
1. B；解析：shake hands为固定搭配，意为“握手”，符合西方国家初次见面的礼仪；wave挥手，hold握住，clap拍手，均不符合语境。
2. C；解析：as soon as意为“一……就……”，符合“你一安全到家就给我打电话”的语境；as long as只要，as well as以及，as far as就……而言，均不符合句意。
3. A；解析：leave a deep impression为固定搭配，意为“留下深刻印象”；custom习俗，tradition传统，occasion场合，均不符合“日落给游客留下印象”的语境。
4. D；解析：whether...or...为固定结构，意为“是……还是……”，符合“俱乐部没决定是本赛季招新还是等到明年”的语境；that无此意，what什么，which哪一个，均不符合。
5. C；解析：receive a letter from sb.意为“收到某人的来信”；write写，send发送，accept接受（主观接受），此处侧重客观收到信件，故选C。
6. D；解析：get used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”，由lived可知句子为一般过去时，故用got used to；used to do过去常常做某事，不符合语境。
7. A；解析：embarrassed修饰人，意为“感到尴尬的”；embarrassing修饰事物，意为“令人尴尬的”；第一空修饰人you，第二空修饰mistake，故选A。
8. C；解析：as soon as意为“一……就……”，符合“在日本，你一进别人家门就该脱鞋”的语境；unless除非，so所以，although虽然，均不符合。
9. A；解析：surprised修饰人，意为“感到惊讶的”；surprising修饰事物，意为“令人惊讶的”；bored感到无聊的，boring令人无聊的，此处修饰Tom，且看到老友出现应是惊讶，故选A。
10. A；解析：receive a letter意为“收到信件”，符合“Emma收到梦想大学的奖学金信件”的语境；send发送，refuse拒绝，avoid避免，均不符合。
11. C；解析：cultural意为“文化的”，cultural festivals意为“文化节日”，符合语境；natural自然的，physical身体的，personal私人的，均不符合。
12. A；解析：reach for意为“伸手去拿”，符合“他站起来伸手去拿顶层架子上的书”的语境；look for寻找，wait for等待，pay for支付，均不符合。
13. A；解析：firstly意为“首先”，符合种花的第一步准备土壤的语境；secondly其次，finally最后，luckily幸运地，均不符合。
14. B；解析：host意为“主人”，符合“派对主人为客人准备食物饮料”的语境；guest客人，visitor游客，stranger陌生人，均不符合。
15. A；解析：proper意为“恰当的、正确的”，符合“学习正确使用筷子的方式”的语境；wrong错误的，strange奇怪的，funny有趣的，均不符合。
16. A；解析：impolite意为“不礼貌的”，符合“打断别人说话是不礼貌的”的语境；polite礼貌的，safe安全的，unsafe危险的，均不符合。
17. B；解析：宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；由答语可知询问“应该做什么”，用what引导，that无实际含义，if是否，均不符合，故选B。
18. B；解析：It is polite to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是礼貌的”，用不定式作真正主语，故选B。
19. B；解析：so...that...修饰形容词different，意为“如此……以至于……”；such修饰名词，too...to...后接动词原形，enough...to...后接动词原形，均不符合句子结构，故选B。
20. A；解析：so修饰形容词confusing（令人困惑的，修饰事物），confused修饰人；such修饰名词，此处修饰instruction（事物），用confusing，故选A。
21. C；解析：nothing意为“什么也没有”，由“遇上堵车”可知没看到烟花秀；anything任何事物，everything一切，something某物，均不符合。
22. D；解析：patiently意为“耐心地”，符合“志愿者耐心教老人”的语境；strictly严格地，normally正常地，formally正式地，均不符合。
23. B；解析：cultural differences意为“文化差异”，符合“外国朋友拒绝喝茶是文化差异”的语境；public warnings公共警告，body language肢体语言，natural disasters自然灾害，均不符合。
24. B；解析：由arrived可知句子为一般过去时，助动词用did，后接动词原形feel，故选B。
25. A；解析：感叹句中心词为可数名词experience，amazing以元音音素开头，用What an，故选A。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Unluckily；解析：句首用副词修饰整个句子，由“起晚错过早班车”可知是不幸地，lucky的副词反义词为Unluckily。
2. fluently；解析：修饰动词speak用副词，fluent的副词形式为fluently。
3. confusing；解析：so后接形容词，修饰instruction（事物）用confusing（令人困惑的）。
4. to avoid；解析：try one's best to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。
5. communication；解析：定冠词The后接名词，communicate的名词形式为communication。
6. unusual；解析：由语境可知是“不寻常的问候方式”，usual的反义词为unusual。
7. introduction；解析：不定冠词a后接名词，introduce的名词形式为introduction。
8. manners；解析：table manners为固定搭配，意为“餐桌礼仪”，常用复数形式。
9. unsafe；解析：由常识可知大风时待在树下不安全，safe的反义词为unsafe。
10. correctly；解析：修饰动词use用副词，correct的副词形式为correctly。
11. politely；解析：修饰动词behave用副词，polite的副词形式为politely。
12. improper；解析：由“学校里不能用”可知是不合适的语言，proper的反义词为improper。
13. actually；解析：修饰动词tells用副词，actual的副词形式为actually。
14. exciting；解析：so后接形容词，修饰movie（事物）用exciting（令人兴奋的）。
15. impolite；解析：由常识可知把筷子插米饭里不礼貌，polite的反义词为impolite。
16. cultures；解析：different后接可数名词复数，culture的复数形式为cultures。
17. unforgettable；解析：由“永远珍惜”可知是难忘的经历，forget的形容词反义词为unforgettable。
18. helpless；解析：由“找不到回酒店的路”可知感到无助，help的形容词为helpless。
19. married；解析：由ten years ago可知用一般过去时，marry的过去式为married。
20. traditional；解析：修饰名词dumplings用形容词，tradition的形容词形式为traditional。
三、选词填空
1. customs；解析：different后接名词复数，结合“见面的习俗”，选custom的复数形式customs。
2. surprised；解析：be动词后接形容词，修饰人Anna，选surprise的形容词surprised（感到惊讶的）。
3. However；解析：前后句为转折关系，句首首字母大写，选However（然而）。
4. informal；解析：a little后接形容词，结合“只是打招呼，握手有点不正式”，选formal的反义词informal。
5. say；解析：不定式to后接动词原形，say hello意为“打招呼”，选say。
6. embarrassed；解析：felt后接形容词，修饰人Ji-Hoon，选embarrass的形容词embarrassed（感到尴尬的）。
7. unless；解析：结合“韩国文化中除非相爱，否则不亲吻”，选unless（除非）。
8. their；解析：修饰名词palms用形容词性物主代词，主语为people，选they的形容词性物主代词their。
9. cultures；解析：different后接名词复数，结合“了解不同文化”，选culture的复数形式cultures。
10. politely；解析：修饰动词greet用副词，结合“礼貌问候他人”，选polite的副词形式politely。
四、语法填空
1. into；解析：stick...into...为固定搭配，意为“把……插进……”。
2. surprising；解析：be动词后接形容词，修饰that从句（事物），用surprising（令人惊讶的）。
3. confused；解析：felt后接形容词，修饰人I，用confused（感到困惑的）。
4. to take；解析：use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”。
5. to follow；解析：try one's best to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。
6. quietly；解析：修饰动词said用副词，quiet的副词形式为quietly。
7. to pass；解析：ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“让某人做某事”。
8. as；解析：as意为“作为”，此处指“作为客人做得很好”。
9. if；解析：此处表条件，意为“如果你想向主人表达尊重，好的餐桌礼仪很重要”，选if。
10. really；解析：修饰动词enjoy用副词，real的副词形式为really。
五、完成句子
1. cultural differences；解析：cultural differences为固定短语，意为“文化差异”。
2. hear from；解析：hear from sb.为固定搭配，意为“收到某人来信”。
3. whether；or not；解析：whether...or not为固定结构，意为“是否”。
4. look forward to；解析：look forward to doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“期待做某事”。
5. the first time；解析：the first time引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……时”。
6. get along with；解析：get along with sb.为固定搭配，意为“与某人相处”。
7. anything else；解析：anything else意为“其他任何事”，疑问句中用anything。
8. Don't make a promise unless you can keep it.；解析：unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非”，合并时将后句改为从句。
9. get used to；解析：get used to为固定搭配，意为“习惯于”，will后接动词原形。
10. bow as soon as；解析：bow意为“鞠躬”，as soon as引导时间状语从句，主语students为复数，谓语用原形。
11. private questions；people well；解析：private questions意为“私人问题”，know sb. well意为“非常了解某人”。
12. dress properly；解析：dress properly意为“穿着得体”，try to后接动词原形。
13. can't；unless；解析：unless=if not，原句意为“在墨西哥，除非很了解某人，否则不能直呼其名”，故用can't和unless。
14. What did；attend；解析：对动作attended提问用what，一般过去时，助动词did后接动词原形。
15. The question is so difficult that no one can answer it.；解析：so...that...引导结果状语从句，so修饰形容词difficult。人教版（2024）八年级下册Unit 6 Crossing Cultures
单元核心知识梳理与专项巩固
单元重点词汇、短语自测
一、重点单词默写
【名词】
1. _______________ (n.) 拳头
2. _______________ (n.) 脸颊
3. _______________ (n.) 咖喱菜
4. _______________ (n.) 手掌
5. _______________ (n.) 叉子
6. _______________ (n.) 方式；(pl.) 礼仪
7. _______________ (n.) 习俗；风俗
8. _______________ (n.) 印象
9. _______________ (n.) 肘；肘部
10. _______________ (n.) 筷子
【动词】
1. _______________ (v.) 摩擦；揉
2. _______________ (v.) 结婚；娶；嫁
3. _______________ (v.) 祝贺
【形容词/副词】
1. _______________ (adj.) 尴尬的（人）
2. _______________ (adj.) 困惑的（人）
3. _______________ (adj.) 正式的
4. _______________ (adj.) 粗鲁的
5. _______________ (adj.) 罕见的；不寻常的
6. _______________ (adj.) 令人困惑的（事物）
7. _______________ (adj.) 恰当的；正确的
8. _______________ (adj.) 不安全的；危险的
9. _______________ (adj.) 非正式的
10. _______________ (adj.) 不合适的
11. _______________ (adj.) 文化的
12. _______________ (adj.) 私人的
13. _______________ (adj.) 已婚的
14. _______________ (adj.) 主要的
15. _______________ (adj.) 错误的；不真实的
16. _______________ (adv.) 漂亮地；令人愉快地
17. _______________ (adv.) 正确地；恰当地
18. _______________ (adv.) 第一；首先
19. _______________ (adv.) 第二；其次
20. _______________ (adv.) 第三
【兼类词】
1. _______________ (n. & v.) 鞠躬
2. _______________ (v. & n.) 亲吻；吻
3. _______________ (v. & n.) 拥抱
4. _______________ (v. & n.) 摇动；握手 / 摇动；奶昔
5. _______________ (v. & n.) 碰；撞 / 碰撞；肿块
【其他词性】
1. _______________ (conj.) 是否
2. _______________ (conj.) 除非；如果不
二、单词词性转换
1. tradition (n.) 传统 → _______________ (adj.) 传统的
2. embarrass (v.) 使尴尬 → _______________ (adj.) 尴尬的（人） → _______________ (adj.) 令人尴尬的（事物）
3. confuse (v.) 使困惑 → _______________ (adj.) 困惑的（人） → _______________ (adj.) 令人困惑的（事物）
4. formal (adj.) 正式的 → _______________ (adj.) 非正式的
5. proper (adj.) 恰当的 → _______________ (adv.) 恰当地；正确地
6. rude (adj.) 粗鲁的 → _______________ (adv.) 粗鲁地
7. marry (v.) 结婚 → _______________ (adj.) 已婚的
三、重点短语默写
1. _______________ 握手
2. _______________ 亲吻脸颊
3. _______________ 拥抱某人
4. _______________ 习惯于
5. _______________ 收到某人来信
6. _______________ 大有帮助；作用很大
7. _______________ 第一印象
8. _______________ 餐桌礼仪
9. _______________ 脱下；起飞
10. _______________ 穿上；上演
11. _______________ 在某人四十多岁时
12. _______________ 小心；注意
单元重点语法、句型回顾
考点1：so…that… 结果状语从句
- 核心用法：表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，说明某种程度所导致的结果。
- 句型结构：
① 主语 + be + so + 形容词 + that + 从句
② 主语 + 实义动词 + so + 副词 + that + 从句
- 典型例句：
① English table manners are so confusing that I'm a little worried.
② He bowed so low that his head almost touched the ground.
- 教学提示：
- `that` 从句描述的是实际发生的结果，可与 `too…to…` 互换。
- 注意区分 `so…that…`（结果）与 `such…that…`（修饰名词）。
考点2：unless 引导条件状语从句
- 核心用法：`unless = if not`，意为“除非；如果不”，引导否定的条件状语从句。
- 句型结构：
① unless + 从句，主句（祈使句/将来时）
② 主句 + unless + 从句
- 典型例句：
① Don't bring food unless the host asks you to.
② You will feel embarrassed unless you learn local customs first.
- 教学提示：
- 遵循“主将从现”：主句用将来时或祈使句，从句用一般现在时表将来。
- `unless` 本身含否定意义，从句内不能再加否定词（ unless you don't come）。
考点3：as soon as 引导时间状语从句
- 核心用法：意为“一……就……”，强调两个动作紧接着发生，间隔很短。
- 句型结构：
① As soon as + 从句，主句
② 主句 + as soon as + 从句
- 典型例句：
① As soon as she saw her friend, she gave her a warm hug.
② I'll call you as soon as I arrive in Paris.
- 教学提示：
- 同样遵循“主将从现”：主句将来时，从句一般现在时。
- 若主句和从句描述的都是过去的事情，则都用一般过去时。
单元重点习题巩固
一、单项选择（共25题）
从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( )1．When two people meet for the first time in many Western countries, they usually ________ hands.
A．wave B．shake C．hold D．clap
( )2．Please call me ________ you get home safely so that I won’t worry about you.
A．as long as B．as well as C．as soon as D．as far as
( )3．The beautiful sunset over the mountains left a deep ________ on all the tourists who saw it.
A．impression B．custom C．tradition D．occasion
( )4．The club has not decided ________ to accept new members this season or to wait until next year.
A．that B．what C．which D．whether
( )5．I was happy to ________ a handwritten letter from my grandfather, who rarely uses the Internet.
A．write B．send C．receive D．accept
( )6．I ________ getting up early after I lived in Japan for a month.
A．used to B．get used to C．am used to D．got used to
( )7．—Why did you look so ________
—Because I made an ________ mistake. I used my left hand to pass food in India.
A．embarrassed; embarrassing B．embarrassing; embarrassed
C．embarrassed; embarrassed D．embarrassing; embarrassing
( )8．________ you enter someone’s home in Japan, you should take off your shoes.
A．Unless B．So C．As soon as D．Although
( )9．Tom was very ________ when he saw his old friend appear at the party unexpectedly.
A．surprised B．surprising C．bored D．boring
( )10．After waiting for two weeks, Emma was overjoyed to ________ a scholarship letter from her dream university.
A．receive B．send C．refuse D．avoid
( )11．Learning about a country’s ________ festivals, like the Spring Festival in China, is very interesting.
A．natural B．physical C．cultural D．personal
( )12．He stood up and ________ the book on the top shelf.
A．reached for B．looked for C．waited for D．paid for
( )13．To grow a flower from a seed, ________ you need to prepare the soil and put the seed into it.
A．firstly B．secondly C．finally D．luckily
( )14．The ________ of the party prepared a lot of food and drinks for the guests.
A．guest B．host C．visitor D．stranger
( )15．We need to learn the ________ way to use chopsticks when eating Chinese food.
A．proper B．wrong C．strange D．funny
( )16．It is ________ to interrupt someone while they are speaking. You should always wait until they finish.
A．impolite B．polite C．safe D．unsafe
( )17．—Could you tell me ________ when visiting a mosque in Dubai
—You should dress modestly and women need to cover their hair.
A．what should I do B．what I should do C．that I should do D．if I should do
( )18．It is polite ________ your right hand to eat in India.
A．Use B．to use C．using D．used
( )19．The new culture was ________ different from her own ________ she felt a strong culture shock.
A．such; that B．so; that C．too; to D．enough; to
( )20．The instruction was ________ that nobody could understand it.
A．so confusing B．so confused C．such confusing D．such confused
( )21．— Did you enjoy the fireworks show on National Day
— Unfortunately, I was caught in heavy traffic and saw ________.
A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something
( )22．—Many elderly people don’t know how to use the smart health service.
—The young volunteers taught them ________ until everyone learned.
A．strictly B．normally C．formally D．patiently
( )23．—My foreign friend kept refusing when I offered him tea again and again. I thought he didn’t like it.
—Actually, it’s common in his country. It’s just ________.
A．public warnings B．cultural differences C．body language D．natural disasters
( )24．—What ________ he ________ when he first arrived in New York
—He felt a little nervous.
A．does; feel B．did; feel C．does; felt D．did; felt
( )25．—________ amazing experience it was to watch the lion dance!
—I agree. It really impressed me.
A．What an B．What a C．How D．How an
二、用所给词的适当形式填空（共20小题）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。
1．________ (lucky), he got up late and missed the early bus this morning.
2．She can speak English ________ (fluent) because she often talks with foreign friends.
3．The instruction was so ________ (confuse) that nobody could understand it.
4．We should try our best ________ (avoid) cultural mistakes in cross-cultural communication.
5．The ________ (communicate) between different cultures helps us understand each other better.
6．This is an ________ (usual) way to greet people.
7．She gave a short ________ (introduce) about herself.
8．In the UK, good table ________ (manner) include using forks and knives correctly.
9．When the wind blows hard, it is ________ (safe) to stay under trees.
10．If you don’t use the machine ________ (correct), it may break down.
11．You should behave _______ (polite) when visiting a temple in Thailand.
12．The teacher often told us not to use ________ (proper) language at school.
13．The story sounds funny, but it ________ (actual) tells us a lesson.
14．The adventure movie we watched last night was so _______ (excite) that I couldn’t sleep.
15．It’s ________ (polite) to stick chopsticks into rice.
16．We should learn about different ________ (culture) around the world.
17．My exchange trip to Japan was an ________ experience that I will treasure forever. (forget)
18．The tourist felt ________ when he couldn’t find his way back to the hotel. (help)
19．My uncle and aunt ________ (marry) in Paris ten years ago.
20．Our family eat ________(tradition) dumplings during the Spring Festival.
三、选词填空（共10小题）
阅读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。方框中有两项为多余选项。
formal surprise say polite embarrass unless culture they custom however if speak
Different countries have different 1． and traditions when people meet each other. Anna is an English teacher from the US. She is sharing something interesting that happened in her class yesterday. She was 2． when Kaito from Japan bowed to her. Because people usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. 3． , people in Japan bow as soon as they meet a teacher. In the UK, Harry said they usually just say “hello”, but Li Tong thought it was a little 4． to shake hands. In France, people kiss friends on the cheek to 5． “hello”, but Ji-Hoon felt 6． because in Korean culture people don’t usually kiss 7． they love each other. In India, people have a special greeting. They press 8． palms together, bow and say “Namaste”.
It is important to learn different 9． . Not only can it help us greet people from other countries 10． , but also we can learn more about the world.
四、语法填空（共10小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Last month, I visited my Chinese friend Xiao Wei for the first time. Before dinner, he gave me some advice on Chinese table manners. He said, “Don’t stick your chopsticks 1． a bowl of rice. It is considered very rude.” I thought that was 2． (surprise) because in my country we don’t have that custom.
When we sat down at the table, I felt a little 3． (confuse). There were many shared dishes in the middle. Xiao Wei told me, “You should use the serving chopsticks 4． (take) food from the shared dishes.” I tried my best 5． (follow) his advice.
During the meal, I wanted to reach for a dish that was far away. Xiao Wei 6． (quiet) said, “Don’t stand up to reach for food. Just ask someone 7． (pass) it to you.” So I did as he said.
After dinner, I thanked Xiao Wei’s parents and said that everything was delicious. They were very happy. Xiao Wei told me, “You did a great job 8． a guest.”
I learned that good table manners are very important 9． you want to show respect to the host. Now I am more confident when I eat with Chinese friends. I 10． (real) enjoy learning about different cultures!
五、完成句子（共15小题）
根据所给中文提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。
1．和外国朋友交流后，我了解了更多文化差异。
After talking with foreign friends, I learned more about ________ ________.
2．收到你的消息真是太好了。
It’s so great to ________ ________ you.
3．我不知道他明天是否会来。
I don’t know ________ he will come tomorrow ________ ________.
4．感谢你的邮件，期待你的回信。
Thank you for your email, and I ________ ________ ________ hearing from you.
5．当他们第一次来到中国时，他们感到很惊讶。
They felt surprised ________ ________ ________ they came to China.
6．学会餐桌礼仪能帮助我们更好地和外国朋友相处。
Learning table manners helps us ________ ________ __________foreign friends better.
7．还有什么其他我需要知道的吗？
Is there ________ ________ I should know
8．Don’t make a promise. You can’t keep it. (用unless 合并为一句话)
__________________________________________________
9．你会很快习惯这儿的习俗的。
You’ll soon ________ ________ ________ the customs here.
10．在日本，学生一见到老师就会鞠躬。
In Japan, students ________ ________ ________ ________ they meet a teacher.
11．第四，除非你和别人很熟，否则最好不要问私人问题。
Fourth, it’s best not to ask ________ ________ unless you know the ________ ________.
12．第三，你应该总是尽量穿着得体。
Third, you should always try to ________ ________ ________ ________.
13．You can use someone’s first name if you know him or her well in Mexico.（改为否定句，用unless）
In Mexico, you ________ use someone’s first name ________ you know him or her well. ( javascript:void 0" \o "上移 ) ( javascript:void 0" \o "下移 ) ( javascript:void 0" \o "删除 )
14．He attended a Western dinner party last week.（对划线部分提问）
________ ________ he ________ last week
15．The question is very difficult. No one can answer it. (用so… that 合并为一句话)
__________________________________________________

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