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Unit 1　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.She was grateful for everything that the medical and nursing team 　　　　(do) for her.
2.By nine o’clock last night,we 　　　　(get) 100 pictures from the spaceship.
3.I 　　　　(mean) to tell Mike the good news,but found that he wasn’t at home.
4.When Mike got off the bus,he found that he 　　　　(leave) his bag on it.
5.When the couple returned home from their holiday,they found that someone 　　　　(break) into their house.
6.Before I went on the trip,I 　　　　(study) the map carefully.
7.Jane said that her bike 　　　　　(steal) and she would have to buy a new one.
8.It was the first time that he 　　　　(criticize) me in public.
9.I 　　　　(hope) to be back last night,but I didn’t catch the train.
10.During her stay in Chengdu,Jenny tried almost all the local foods her friends 　　　　(recommend).
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.我本来要去机场见你的,可正好在我要出门时有人来拜访我。
I 　　　　　　　　　　 at the airport,but someone came to visit me just when I was about to leave.
2.那是他第一次看到在网上发布的广告。
It was the first time that he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 posted on the Internet.
3.我刚解决了这个问题,新问题又出现了。
Hardly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a new one arose.
4.不幸的是,当我到那儿时火车已经离开了。
Unfortunately,the train 　　　　　　　　　 when I got there.
5.演出刚开始,灯光就熄灭了,观众置身黑暗中。
No sooner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 than the lights went out,leaving the audience in the dark.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　As Internet users increasingly depend on the Internet to store information,are people remembering less If you know your computer will save information,why store it in your own personal memory Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study,Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments.She and her research team wanted to know if the Internet was changing memory.In the first experiment,they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer.The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information.The second group understood that the computer would not save it.Later,the second group remembered the information better.People in the first group knew they could find the information again,so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment,the researchers gave people facts to remember,and told them where to find the information on the Internet.The information was in a specific computer file folder (文件夹).Surprisingly,people later remembered the folder’s location better than the facts.When people use the Internet,they do not remember the information.Rather,they remember how to find it.This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”.
According to Sparrow,we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet.Instead,computer users are developing stronger transactive memory;that is,people are learning how to organise huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent,but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了互联网给人的记忆带来的影响。
(　　)1.Why does the passage begin with two questions
[A] To introduce the main topic.
[B] To show the author’s attitude.
[C] To describe how to use the Internet.
[D] To explain how to store information.
(　　)2.What can we learn about the first experiment
[A] Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.
[B] The two groups remembered the information equally well.
[C] The first group did not try to remember the information.
[D] The second group did not understand the information.
(　　)3.What will happen in transactive memory
[A] People keep the information in mind.
[B] People change the quantity of information.
[C] People organise information like a computer.
[D] People remember how to find the information.
(　　)4.What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s research
[A] We are using memory differently.
[B] We are becoming more intelligent.
[C] We have poorer memories than before.
[D] We need a better way to access information.
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world 1.　　　　 (walk) out.A real friend is someone 2.　　　　 support we can count on.A real friend is someone who sees 3.　　　　 (we) true selves,not just the faces that we show to the world.Yet these days,the modern tools that keep us 4.　　　　 (connect) are eating away at the meaning of friendship.We must be able to make many friends online,5.　　　　 these friends can be quite shallow.6.　　　　 (society) media like blogs have come between us and the friends whom we love.Messaging cannot take
7.　　　　 place of face-to-face chats.“Sharing”our experiences on social media is not effective enough 8.　　　　 (express) the values which matter most to us.“9.　　　　 (like)” our friends’ photos online does not develop the connection which we share.To make friends a real part of our lives,we should put down our smartphones and meet them 10.　　　　 person. Unit 1　课时作业(三)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.He put up a poster to 　　　　(宣传) his club.
2.The local government is taking effective measures to 　　　　(使兴旺) tourism in the area.
3.The aim is to reduce traffic at 　　　　(高峰时期的) periods.
4.The company has worldwide advertisement 　　　　(渠道).
5.It was decided that the school should 　　　　(购买) new software.
6.We have a truly 　　　　(值得纪念的) occasion on the mount.
7.Education has been given a high-priority 　　　　(等级) by the new administration.
8.The race organizers are trying to attract 　　　　(赞助商) to found the primary school.
9.Plants 　　　　(吸收) carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.
10.They were selling everything at a 　　　　(折扣),so it’s a good time to purchase what you like.
【答案】 1.advertise　2.boost　3.peak　4.channels 5.purchase　6.memorable　7.rating
8.sponsors　9.absorb　10.discount
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.Her speech was filled with inspiring stories,making it a 　　　　(memory) event for the entire school.
2.The activity 　　　　(sponsor) by the company was welcomed with great enthusiasm.
3.He was one of the 　　　　(witness) at our wedding.
4.There are public service 　　　　(advertise),which encourage citizens to participate in protecting the environment and helping other people.
5.Through clever advertising,companies persuade consumers 　　　　 replacing their old TVs,mobile phones and computers with the latest models.
6.The factory received a great many orders and had to advertise 　　　　 more workers.
7.The children watched the magician with 　　　　(amuse),laughing at his tricks.
8.　　　　(absorb) in creating his masterpiece,the artist didn’t notice evening approaching.
9.The agency offers a ten percent discount 　　　　 travel for students.
10.Her smile brightened 　　　　 the otherwise dull day.
【答案】 1.memorable　2.sponsored　3.witnesses 4.advertisements　5.into　6.for
7.amusement　8.Absorbed　9.on　10.up
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.我说得很慢,但我的意思没有被理解。(get across)
2.我相信我省很快就会涌现出数百家小公司。(spring up)
3.如果你隐藏你的问题,假装它们不存在,它们只会继续堆积。(mount up)
4.一提到茶他就高兴起来了。(brighten up)
5.你准备得越充分,考试前就越不会感到焦虑。(the+比较级,the+比较级)
【答案】 1.I spoke slowly,but my meaning didn’t get across.
2.I believe that hundreds of small companies will spring up in our province soon.
3.If you hide away your problems and pretend that they don’t exist,they will just continue to mount up.
4.He brightened up at the mention of tea.
5.The better prepared you are,the less anxious you will feel before the exam.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　“Liking” healthy foods on social media platforms may encourage others to eat a balanced diet,new research has found.
For the study,the research team asked 369 university students to estimate the amount of fruit,vegetables,and sugary drinks their online friends consumed on daily basis.They then cross-referenced this information with the participants’ own actual eating habits and showed that those who felt their online social circles “approved” of eating junk food consumed significantly more themselves,in fact,an extra portion(一份) of unhealthy snack foods and sugary drinks for every three portions they believed their online social circles did.
Conversely,those who thought their friends ate a healthy diet had more portions of fruit and vegetables.These habits could have developed from seeing friends’ posts about the food and drinks they consumed,or simply a general impression of their overall health.
There was no significant link between the participants’ eating habits and their body mass index(体重指数),an indicator of weight.The researchers said the next stage of their work would track a participant group over time to see whether the influence of social media on eating habits had a longer-term impact on weight and overall health.
The researchers said the findings to date provide the first evidence to suggest our online social circles could be silently influencing our eating habits,with important implications for using social media to encourage healthy eating.
“With young people spending a huge amount of time interacting with influencers via social media,the important new findings from this study could help shape how we deliver interventions that help them adopt healthy eating habits from a young age,and stick with them for life,” added a director of Aston University’s Applied Health Research Group.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体对人们饮食习惯的影响。
(　　)1.What do the researchers survey on
[A] The influence of social media platforms.
[B] The importance of adopting healthy eating habits.
[C] Participants’ consumption of fruit,vegetables and sugary drinks.
[D] Participants’ comments on online social circles.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“For the study,the research team asked...own actual eating habits”可知,研究人员向研究对象询问了他们自己的饮食习惯,包括日常摄入水果、蔬菜及含糖饮料的量。故选C。
(　　)2.What does the finding of the new research show
[A] We consume more junk food than expected.
[B] Our online friends are fond of comparing with us.
[C] We might copy the eating habits of our online friends.
[D] Our overall health will be influenced by social media.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“showed that those who felt their...consumed significantly more themselves”可知,人们会受到在线社交圈关于饮食的看法的影响,会模仿别人的饮食习惯。故选C。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “Conversely” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A] Unfortunately. [B] Undeniably.
[C] Gradually. [D] Contrarily.
【答案】 D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据第二段中的“showed that those who felt their...consumed significantly more themselves”和第三段中的“those who thought their friends ate a healthy diet had more portions of fruit and vegetables”可知,第三段内容与第二段内容形成对比,即你的社交圈中如果人们普遍认为吃垃圾食品是可以接受的,那么你也会有样学样;反之亦然。画线词相当于“与之相反,相反的是”之意。故选D。
(　　)4.What might the director of Aston University’s Applied Health Research Group encourage influencers to do
[A] Stick to their lifelong healthy habit.
[B] Upload more pictures of green foods.
[C] Devote much time to interacting with the young.
[D] Appeal to young people to quit social media.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,此人可能会鼓励网络上具有影响力的人积极分享一些有关健康饮食的信息,包括图片、视频等,以此带动关注者们一起坚持均衡的饮食习惯。故选B。Unit 1　课时作业(一)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The construction project was 　　　　(延长) due to unexpected weather conditions.
2.The 　　　　(关键的) moment in the surgery was when the surgeon had to make a swift decision.
3.My job as a 　　　　(新闻记者) is to expose the truth.
4.The company has made environmental sustainability a 　　　　(优先事项) in its operations.
5.The car’s transmission is fully 　　　　(自动的),making driving much easier.
6.The advertisement contains a number of 　　　　(事实的) errors.
7.The gossip that she witnessed the event later proved to be entirely 　　　　(假的).
8.You should be thankful that you have escaped with only 　　　　(轻微的) injuries.
9.The crowd was 　　　　(尖叫) with excitement as the band took the stage.
10.Absorbed in watching TV,he was 　　　　(窒息) on a piece of toast.
【答案】 1.extended　2.critical　3.journalist
4.priority　5.automatic　6.factual　7.false
8.minor　9.screaming　10.choking
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.They questioned the 　　　　(accurate) of the information in the file.
2.　　　　(curious) enough,a year later exactly the same thing happened again.
3.Work has begun on the 　　　　(construct) of the new airport.
4.After being proved innocent,the man 　　　　(release) immediately yesterday.
5.The volunteer’s task is to save the birds 　　　　(trap) in the nets.
6.Always believe that your goal is attainable as long as you are committed to 　　　　(achieve) it.
7.Traffic reached its peak when the car crash happened,and the cause of the crash was still under 　　　　(investigate).
8.The young man chooses his job as a 　　　　(journal) because of his curiosity.
9.I can never tell the 　　　　(differ) between the twins.
10.No 　　　　(conclude) should be drawn before all the facts are brought to light.
【答案】 1.accuracy　2.Curiously　3.construction 4.was released　5.trapped　6.achieving　7.investigation　8.journalist　9.difference 10.conclusion
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.他们在海滩上收集了几十个贝壳,可以用来制作一幅独特的画。(dozens of)
2.总之,我们应该养成正确使用手机的习惯。(sum up)
3.他喜欢演奏这种乐器,并致力于练习它。(be committed to)
4.她结束了演讲,赢得了观众的一阵掌声。(现在分词作结果状语)
5.今天早上我在打扫浴室的时候偶然发现了你的项链。(come across)
【答案】 1.They collected dozens of shells on the beach,which could be used to create a unique picture.
2.To sum up,we should form the habit of using mobile phones properly.
3.He loved playing this instrument,and was committed to practicing it.
4.She finished her speech,receiving a round of applause from the audience.
5.I came across your necklace when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Do you ever hear a friend speak on a topic with the belief that “everyone” thinks the same way Do you often find yourself surrounded by social media feeds that are completely tailored to you and your beliefs,reading along without the immediate realization
A social media echo chamber (社交媒体回音室) is when one experiences a tailored media experience that leaves out opposing viewpoints and different voices.Social media sites connect groups of like-minded users together based on shared content preferences.As a result,people see and take in information according to our preexisting beliefs and opinions.Social media companies therefore rely on algorithms (算法) to assess our interests and flood us with information that will keep our attention.The algorithms focus on what we “like” and “share” to keep feeding contents that make us comfortable.
In order to truly get access to all information and to evaluate our media,we must give ourselves the opportunity to step out of our comfort zone.While this becomes increasingly challenging,there are things we can do.The first step is to beef up your media consumption sources.Adding in a few media sources with different opinions will allow you to at least understand what people are saying outside of your echo chamber.Next,read each thing you see with a critical eye.Make sure that each thing you accept as truth is indeed a fact.Lastly,attempt to find reliable new sources that are known for trying their best to leave out false information.By accepting that our media buffet on social media is a product of our present beliefs and opinions,we can work to make sure we are not simply stuck in a social media echo chamber.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要分析了社交媒体回音室产生的原因,并就如何确保我们不会简单地被困在社交媒体回音室里提出了建议。
(　　)1.What is a result of the social media echo chamber
[A] People contact like-minded online users effectively.
[B] People keep reading for more different viewpoints.
[C] People rely on algorithms to evaluate their interests.
[D] People only get information that confirms their beliefs.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A social media echo...that will keep our attention.”可知,人们会忽视不同的声音,用自己先前的观点来看待和接收信息,所以结果是人们只得到证实他们看法的信息。故选D。
(　　)2.What does the underlined phrase “beef up” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A] Track. [B] Improve.
[C] Provide. [D] Identify.
【答案】 B
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据画线短语所在句可推知,人们需要丰富媒体信息获取的渠道,从而真正获得所有信息并评估我们的媒体。beef up意为“加强;改进;扩充”。故选B。
(　　)3.Which of the following can help us get out of the echo chamber
[A] Criticizing fake news on social media.
[B] Exposing ourselves to opposing voices.
[C] Researching primary sources of information.
[D] Accepting our present beliefs and opinions.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The first step is...to leave out false information”可知,让自己暴露在反对的声音中可以帮助我们走出回音室。故选B。
(　　)4.What is the purpose of the text
[A] To ask people not to take in information blindly.
[B] To call on people to use algorithms frequently.
[C] To promote the use of various social media sites.
[D] To inform people of new technology developments.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是根据最后一段的第一句和最后一句可知,作者希望通过本文告诉人们不要盲目接收信息。故选A。Unit 1　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.She was grateful for everything that the medical and nursing team 　　　　(do) for her.
2.By nine o’clock last night,we 　　　　(get) 100 pictures from the spaceship.
3.I 　　　　(mean) to tell Mike the good news,but found that he wasn’t at home.
4.When Mike got off the bus,he found that he 　　　　(leave) his bag on it.
5.When the couple returned home from their holiday,they found that someone 　　　　(break) into their house.
6.Before I went on the trip,I 　　　　(study) the map carefully.
7.Jane said that her bike 　　　　　(steal) and she would have to buy a new one.
8.It was the first time that he 　　　　(criticize) me in public.
9.I 　　　　(hope) to be back last night,but I didn’t catch the train.
10.During her stay in Chengdu,Jenny tried almost all the local foods her friends 　　　　(recommend).
【答案】 1.had done　2.had gotten　3.had meant　4.had left　5.had broken　6.had studied　7.had been stolen　8.had criticized　9.had hoped　10.had recommended
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.我本来要去机场见你的,可正好在我要出门时有人来拜访我。
I 　　　　　　　　　　 at the airport,but someone came to visit me just when I was about to leave.
2.那是他第一次看到在网上发布的广告。
It was the first time that he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 posted on the Internet.
3.我刚解决了这个问题,新问题又出现了。
Hardly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a new one arose.
4.不幸的是,当我到那儿时火车已经离开了。
Unfortunately,the train 　　　　　　　　　 when I got there.
5.演出刚开始,灯光就熄灭了,观众置身黑暗中。
No sooner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 than the lights went out,leaving the audience in the dark.
【答案】 1.had intended to meet you　2.had seen the advertisement　3.had I solved the problem when　4.had left　5.had the performance begun
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　As Internet users increasingly depend on the Internet to store information,are people remembering less If you know your computer will save information,why store it in your own personal memory Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study,Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments.She and her research team wanted to know if the Internet was changing memory.In the first experiment,they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer.The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information.The second group understood that the computer would not save it.Later,the second group remembered the information better.People in the first group knew they could find the information again,so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment,the researchers gave people facts to remember,and told them where to find the information on the Internet.The information was in a specific computer file folder (文件夹).Surprisingly,people later remembered the folder’s location better than the facts.When people use the Internet,they do not remember the information.Rather,they remember how to find it.This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”.
According to Sparrow,we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet.Instead,computer users are developing stronger transactive memory;that is,people are learning how to organise huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent,but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了互联网给人的记忆带来的影响。
(　　)1.Why does the passage begin with two questions
[A] To introduce the main topic.
[B] To show the author’s attitude.
[C] To describe how to use the Internet.
[D] To explain how to store information.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的两个问句之后的“Experts are wondering...we remember and how.”可知,专家们想知道,互联网是否正在改变我们记忆的东西和记忆东西的方式,下文介绍的两个实验都是围绕它来展开的。由此可知,第一段使用这两个问句开头是为了引出要讨论的话题。故选A。
(　　)2.What can we learn about the first experiment
[A] Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.
[B] The two groups remembered the information equally well.
[C] The first group did not try to remember the information.
[D] The second group did not understand the information.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,第一组的人知道他们可以再次找到这些信息,所以他们并没有试图记住这些信息。故选C。
(　　)3.What will happen in transactive memory
[A] People keep the information in mind.
[B] People change the quantity of information.
[C] People organise information like a computer.
[D] People remember how to find the information.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知,人们记得如何找到信息。这被称为“交互记忆”。由此可知,在交互记忆中,人们记得如何找到信息。故选D。
(　　)4.What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s research
[A] We are using memory differently.
[B] We are becoming more intelligent.
[C] We have poorer memories than before.
[D] We need a better way to access information.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,这并不意味着我们变得更聪明或不太聪明了,但毫无疑问,我们使用记忆的方式正在改变。由此可知,根据Sparrow的研究,互联网使我们使用记忆的方式变得不同了。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world 1.　　　　 (walk) out.A real friend is someone 2.　　　　 support we can count on.A real friend is someone who sees 3.　　　　 (we) true selves,not just the faces that we show to the world.Yet these days,the modern tools that keep us 4.　　　　 (connect) are eating away at the meaning of friendship.We must be able to make many friends online,5.　　　　 these friends can be quite shallow.6.　　　　 (society) media like blogs have come between us and the friends whom we love.Messaging cannot take
7.　　　　 place of face-to-face chats.“Sharing”our experiences on social media is not effective enough 8.　　　　 (express) the values which matter most to us.“9.　　　　 (like)” our friends’ photos online does not develop the connection which we share.To make friends a real part of our lives,we should put down our smartphones and meet them 10.　　　　 person.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。让我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的意义,我们应该放下智能手机,和朋友面对面地交流。
1.【答案】 walks
【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。根据前面的谓语动词walks的时态可知,此处也应用一般现在时,when引导的时间状语从句的主语为the rest of the world,故此处谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
2.【答案】 whose
【解析】 考查定语从句。结合句意可知,someone与support构成所属关系,故填whose。
3.【答案】 our
【解析】 考查形容词性物主代词。设空处作定语,修饰其后的中心词selves,应用形容词性物主代词。故填our。
4.【答案】 connected
【解析】 考查过去分词。此处是“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,us与connect之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填connected。
5.【答案】 but
【解析】 考查连词。设空处前文表示“我们一定能够在网上交到很多朋友”,后文表示“这些朋友可能很肤浅”。设空处前后文之间在意思上是转折关系,故填but。
6.【答案】 Social
【解析】 考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词media,应用形容词,且social media表示“社交媒体”。故填Social。
7.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查冠词。take the place of表示“代替”,故填the。
8.【答案】 to express
【解析】 考查不定式。“be not+adj.+enough to do sth”意为“不够……去做某事”,不定式作状语,故填to express。
9.【答案】 Liking
【解析】 考查动名词。设空处在主句中作主语,此处指在网上给朋友的照片“点赞”并不会增强我们之间的联系,表示一般性的概念,应用动名词,且设空处位于句首,故填Liking。
10.【答案】 in
【解析】 考查介词。in person表示“亲自”,故填in。Unit 1　课时作业(四)
单元知识综合练
(分值:54.5分)　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共12题;每题1分,共12分)
1.spring
A.n.春天　B.n.泉水　C.vi.弹跳　D.vi.突然出现
①Drinking water is from a nearby spring.　　　
②The mountain has a lot of flowers in spring.　　　
③Tears sprang to her eyes.　　　
④The cat crouched ready to spring.　　　
2.tailor
A.vt.专门制作,定做　B.n.裁缝　C.vt.调整……,使适应
①The tailor took my measurements for a custom-made suit.　　　
②Helen tailored a suit for me that fits perfectly.　　　
③We can tailor our design to meet your request.　　　
3.absorb
A.v.吸收　B.v.吸纳　C.v.理解,掌握　D.v.减轻……作用　E.v.吸引,使专心
①This work had absorbed him for several years.　　　
②One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year.　　　
③It’s a lot of information to absorb all at once.　　　
④Service work absorbed a great number of people who arrived in the cities from the country.　　　
⑤Well-designed sports shoes should absorb the impact on your feet.　　　
【答案】 1.①B　②A　③D　④C
2.①B　②A　③C　
3.①E　②A　③C　④B　⑤D
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
　　Screen time includes all those hours you spend in front of your computer at work,and the time you spend playing with your cell phone or watching TV.1.　　　 According to some research,there are some convincing reasons to make the effort to look at something else other than a screen.
It’s bad for your health.Being in front of a screen is almost always sedentary (需要久坐的) behaviour,which relates to things like lower fitness levels.Turn this around by choosing something active.You do not have to do exercise at the gym.2.　　　 They can help you keep healthy.
It messes up your sleep.When teenagers have more than four hours of screen time per day,and especially when they use their screens before going to bed,they have trouble falling asleep.If you’re not sleeping well,it will not only make you feel tired the next day,but it can also affect your performance at work or in school.3.　　
It hinders (妨碍) your brain’s performance.4.　　　 Researchers aren’t yet sure why this is true,but it probably has to do with the ways that technology teaches the brain to function.If kids want to perform well in situations that involve memorisation or problem solving,limit their screen time.
5.　　　 People who spend more time online,especially young people,are more likely to struggle with communication.If interpersonal communication is important to you or part of your job,you will likely get benefits if you spend less time in front of your screen.
A.It all adds up.
B.Here comes a solution.
C.If you should use a screen,try to do just that.
D.It’s not good for developing communication skills.
E.You can take a walk,or work on a project at home.
F.Kids do better in school when they have less screen time.
G.So it’s worth the effort to use your screen less and get more rest.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要列举了看屏幕时间过长的一些危害。
1.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据设空处上一句可知,这里对屏幕时间的概念做了解释和限定,A项是对上文内容的一种总结。故选A。
2.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据设空处后一句可知,E项承接上文,不能去健身房的话可以在家锻炼或外出散步。故选E。
3.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据设空处上一句可知,此处指出长时间看屏幕会造成不好的结果,即会导致睡眠不好,让你第二天感到疲倦,由此可知,空处应该是对上文进行总结,指出我们应该少对着屏幕,G项是基于上文得出的结论,即应该多休息少对着屏幕。故选G。
4.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据下文“If kids want to perform well...limit their screen time.”可知,如果减少面对屏幕的时间,孩子们的表现就会更好,与F项呼应。故选F。
5.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据设空处下一句可知,本段主要讲的是面对屏幕时间过长对沟通方面的影响,因此D项适合作为本段的中心句。故选D。
Ⅲ.完形填空 (共15题;每题1分,共15分)
　　The first time I paid by scanning barcodes (条形码) on goods,I ended up paying 40 yuan
($5.8) more than I should have.I went looking for a salesperson inside the store,but she was 　1　 to explain how to get my money back,despite both of us using translation apps.
I 　2　 going to that store for two whole years,until a Chinese speaking friend spoke to the 　3　 and explained to me that the money was still there in an app,which I made use of to pay for goods worth 40 yuan at the store.I went back to buy things from there again.I particularly 　4　 their hot chocolate and had,by now,　5　 the art of buying things at the unmanned counter.
　6　,the hot chocolate didn’t have a barcode,but I knew how to select it on the touch-screen menu.I would 　7　a cup from a dispenser(自动售货机) before selecting the cup icon(图标) worth 3.5 yuan to make the payment.It was　8　!
I had been doing this for some time until,one day,following a software upgrade,I hit a
　9　.I was unable to include the hot chocolate after 　10　 the barcodes of other things I had bought.I again went looking for the salesperson,who helped me find it,tapping a(n) 　11 　 that cost 5 yuan.“That’s 5 yuan ” I asked using the translation app.“I have been paying 3.5 yuan up until now.”I didn’t know why I had 　12 　 it cost 3.5 yuan.At least I would have been 　13　 this embarrassment if there had been a manned counter.However,I spared further 　14　 when the saleswoman said “Meishi,meishi (doesn’t matter)”　15　 before rushing away.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在无人值守柜台的店里用扫码支付的方式买东西时所发生的事。
(　　)1.[A] unable [B] frightened
[C] delighted [D] capable
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“despite both of us using translation apps”可知,此处表示她无法(unable)向作者解释如何把钱拿回来,尽管使用了翻译软件。故选A。
(　　)2.[A] missed [B] enjoyed
[C] fancied [D] avoided
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“I went back to buy things from there again”可知,整整两年,作者都避免(avoided)去那家店。故选D。
(　　)3.[A] waitress [B] shopper
[C] saleswoman [D] applicant
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据第一段的“I went looking for a salesperson inside the store,but she”可知,一位会说中文的朋友和售货员(saleswoman)交谈。故选C。
(　　)4.[A] mentioned [B] displayed
[C] made [D] liked
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“I went back to buy things from there again”和下文“their hot chocolate”可知,作者特别喜欢(liked)那家店的热巧克力。故选D。
(　　)5.[A] forgiven [B] perfected
[C] required [D] accused
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“I knew how to select it on the touch-screen menu”可知,作者已经熟练掌握了在无人柜台买东西的技能。perfect“使完善,使完备”符合语境。故选B。
(　　)6.[A] By design [B] On average
[C] In fact [D] As a result
【答案】 C
【解析】 此处指事实上(In fact),热巧克力没有条形码,但作者知道如何在触摸屏菜单上选择它。故选C。
(　　)7.[A] take up [B] pick up
[C] break up [D] clean up
【答案】 B
【解析】 此处指作者会从自动售货机里拿起(pick up)一个杯子,然后选择价值3.5元的杯子图标进行支付。故选B。
(　　)8.[A] awkward [B] fair
[C] awful [D] easy
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“the art of buying things at the unmanned counter”可知,此处表示“这很容易(easy)”。故选D。
(　　)9.[A] record [B] nerve
[C] wall [D] ball
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文“I was unable to include...other things I had bought”可知,在一次软件升级之后,作者遇到了阻碍,hit a wall意为“碰壁”。故选C。
(　　)10.[A] painting [B] scanning
[C] purchasing [D] delivering
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据第一段的“I paid by scanning barcodes on goods”可知,此处表示扫描(scanning)作者买的其他东西的条形码。故选B。
(　　)11.[A] icon [B] menu
[C] app [D] counter
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“that cost 5 yuan”可知,此处表示“点击了一个5元的图标(icon)”。故选A。
(　　)12.[A] imagined [B] assumed
[C] explained [D] agreed
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“it cost 3.5 yuan”可知,句子表示“作者不知道为什么自己设想(assumed)它值3.5元”。故选B。
(　　)13.[A] promised [B] brought
[C] shown [D] spared
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“if there had been a manned counter”和下文“spared further”可知,此处表示如果有一个有人值守的柜台,自己就不会有这种尴尬了,spared表示“避免”,符合语境。故选D。
(　　)14.[A] pain [B] anxiety
[C] embarrassment [D] trouble
【答案】 C
【解析】 此处指当女售货员热情地说了句没事后,作者才避免了进一步的尴尬(embarrassment)。故选C。
(　　)15.[A] warmly [B] excitedly
[C] anxiously [D] coldly
【答案】 A
【解析】 此处表示女售货员热情地(warmly)说了句“没事,没事”。故选A。
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
　　假设你是李华,你的笔友Tom发邮件告诉你,他最近沉迷于社交媒体(social media),他来信向你请教如何戒掉这个不良习惯,请根据以下要点写一封回信:
1.表示理解和关心;
2.戒掉沉迷网络的不良习惯的方法。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
Yours,
Li Hua
[写作指导]
　　One possible version:
Dear Tom,
Having known that you are deeply addicted to social media,so concerned am I that I’d like to offer you some useful advice.
When it comes to addiction of social media,I can understand you quite well.First and foremost,you’d better realise the disadvantages of social media.Being addicted to social media can not only inevitably affect your academic performance,but also ruin your health and your real life.In addition,were I you,I would put aside the mobile phone and go outside for exercise in order to free myself from social media.Last but not least,it may be of great benefit if you develop other hobbies like reading,painting and so on.
To sum up,I sincerely hope that you can take my advice into serious account.Looking forward to your further improvement!
Yours,
Li HuaUnit 1　课时作业(一)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The construction project was 　　　　(延长) due to unexpected weather conditions.
2.The 　　　　(关键的) moment in the surgery was when the surgeon had to make a swift decision.
3.My job as a 　　　　(新闻记者) is to expose the truth.
4.The company has made environmental sustainability a 　　　　(优先事项) in its operations.
5.The car’s transmission is fully 　　　　(自动的),making driving much easier.
6.The advertisement contains a number of 　　　　(事实的) errors.
7.The gossip that she witnessed the event later proved to be entirely 　　　　(假的).
8.You should be thankful that you have escaped with only 　　　　(轻微的) injuries.
9.The crowd was 　　　　(尖叫) with excitement as the band took the stage.
10.Absorbed in watching TV,he was 　　　　(窒息) on a piece of toast.
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.They questioned the 　　　　(accurate) of the information in the file.
2.　　　　(curious) enough,a year later exactly the same thing happened again.
3.Work has begun on the 　　　　(construct) of the new airport.
4.After being proved innocent,the man 　　　　(release) immediately yesterday.
5.The volunteer’s task is to save the birds 　　　　(trap) in the nets.
6.Always believe that your goal is attainable as long as you are committed to 　　　　(achieve) it.
7.Traffic reached its peak when the car crash happened,and the cause of the crash was still under 　　　　(investigate).
8.The young man chooses his job as a 　　　　(journal) because of his curiosity.
9.I can never tell the 　　　　(differ) between the twins.
10.No 　　　　(conclude) should be drawn before all the facts are brought to light.
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.他们在海滩上收集了几十个贝壳,可以用来制作一幅独特的画。(dozens of)
2.总之,我们应该养成正确使用手机的习惯。(sum up)
3.他喜欢演奏这种乐器,并致力于练习它。(be committed to)
4.她结束了演讲,赢得了观众的一阵掌声。(现在分词作结果状语)
5.今天早上我在打扫浴室的时候偶然发现了你的项链。(come across)
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Do you ever hear a friend speak on a topic with the belief that “everyone” thinks the same way Do you often find yourself surrounded by social media feeds that are completely tailored to you and your beliefs,reading along without the immediate realization
A social media echo chamber (社交媒体回音室) is when one experiences a tailored media experience that leaves out opposing viewpoints and different voices.Social media sites connect groups of like-minded users together based on shared content preferences.As a result,people see and take in information according to our preexisting beliefs and opinions.Social media companies therefore rely on algorithms (算法) to assess our interests and flood us with information that will keep our attention.The algorithms focus on what we “like” and “share” to keep feeding contents that make us comfortable.
In order to truly get access to all information and to evaluate our media,we must give ourselves the opportunity to step out of our comfort zone.While this becomes increasingly challenging,there are things we can do.The first step is to beef up your media consumption sources.Adding in a few media sources with different opinions will allow you to at least understand what people are saying outside of your echo chamber.Next,read each thing you see with a critical eye.Make sure that each thing you accept as truth is indeed a fact.Lastly,attempt to find reliable new sources that are known for trying their best to leave out false information.By accepting that our media buffet on social media is a product of our present beliefs and opinions,we can work to make sure we are not simply stuck in a social media echo chamber.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要分析了社交媒体回音室产生的原因,并就如何确保我们不会简单地被困在社交媒体回音室里提出了建议。
(　　)1.What is a result of the social media echo chamber
[A] People contact like-minded online users effectively.
[B] People keep reading for more different viewpoints.
[C] People rely on algorithms to evaluate their interests.
[D] People only get information that confirms their beliefs.
(　　)2.What does the underlined phrase “beef up” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A] Track. [B] Improve.
[C] Provide. [D] Identify.
(　　)3.Which of the following can help us get out of the echo chamber
[A] Criticizing fake news on social media.
[B] Exposing ourselves to opposing voices.
[C] Researching primary sources of information.
[D] Accepting our present beliefs and opinions.
(　　)4.What is the purpose of the text
[A] To ask people not to take in information blindly.
[B] To call on people to use algorithms frequently.
[C] To promote the use of various social media sites.
[D] To inform people of new technology developments.Unit 1　课时作业(四)
单元知识综合练
(分值:54.5分)　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共12题;每题1分,共12分)
1.spring
A.n.春天　B.n.泉水　C.vi.弹跳　D.vi.突然出现
①Drinking water is from a nearby spring.　　　
②The mountain has a lot of flowers in spring.　　　
③Tears sprang to her eyes.　　　
④The cat crouched ready to spring.　　　
2.tailor
A.vt.专门制作,定做　B.n.裁缝　C.vt.调整……,使适应
①The tailor took my measurements for a custom-made suit.　　　
②Helen tailored a suit for me that fits perfectly.　　　
③We can tailor our design to meet your request.　　　
3.absorb
A.v.吸收　B.v.吸纳　C.v.理解,掌握　D.v.减轻……作用　E.v.吸引,使专心
①This work had absorbed him for several years.　　　
②One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year.　　　
③It’s a lot of information to absorb all at once.　　　
④Service work absorbed a great number of people who arrived in the cities from the country.　　　
⑤Well-designed sports shoes should absorb the impact on your feet.　　　
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
　　Screen time includes all those hours you spend in front of your computer at work,and the time you spend playing with your cell phone or watching TV.1.　　　 According to some research,there are some convincing reasons to make the effort to look at something else other than a screen.
It’s bad for your health.Being in front of a screen is almost always sedentary (需要久坐的) behaviour,which relates to things like lower fitness levels.Turn this around by choosing something active.You do not have to do exercise at the gym.2.　　　 They can help you keep healthy.
It messes up your sleep.When teenagers have more than four hours of screen time per day,and especially when they use their screens before going to bed,they have trouble falling asleep.If you’re not sleeping well,it will not only make you feel tired the next day,but it can also affect your performance at work or in school.3.　　
It hinders (妨碍) your brain’s performance.4.　　　 Researchers aren’t yet sure why this is true,but it probably has to do with the ways that technology teaches the brain to function.If kids want to perform well in situations that involve memorisation or problem solving,limit their screen time.
5.　　　 People who spend more time online,especially young people,are more likely to struggle with communication.If interpersonal communication is important to you or part of your job,you will likely get benefits if you spend less time in front of your screen.
A.It all adds up.
B.Here comes a solution.
C.If you should use a screen,try to do just that.
D.It’s not good for developing communication skills.
E.You can take a walk,or work on a project at home.
F.Kids do better in school when they have less screen time.
G.So it’s worth the effort to use your screen less and get more rest.
Ⅲ.完形填空 (共15题;每题1分,共15分)
　　The first time I paid by scanning barcodes (条形码) on goods,I ended up paying 40 yuan
($5.8) more than I should have.I went looking for a salesperson inside the store,but she was 　1　 to explain how to get my money back,despite both of us using translation apps.
I 　2　 going to that store for two whole years,until a Chinese speaking friend spoke to the 　3　 and explained to me that the money was still there in an app,which I made use of to pay for goods worth 40 yuan at the store.I went back to buy things from there again.I particularly 　4　 their hot chocolate and had,by now,　5　 the art of buying things at the unmanned counter.
　6　,the hot chocolate didn’t have a barcode,but I knew how to select it on the touch-screen menu.I would 　7　a cup from a dispenser(自动售货机) before selecting the cup icon(图标) worth 3.5 yuan to make the payment.It was　8　!
I had been doing this for some time until,one day,following a software upgrade,I hit a
　9　.I was unable to include the hot chocolate after 　10　 the barcodes of other things I had bought.I again went looking for the salesperson,who helped me find it,tapping a(n) 　11 　 that cost 5 yuan.“That’s 5 yuan ” I asked using the translation app.“I have been paying 3.5 yuan up until now.”I didn’t know why I had 　12 　 it cost 3.5 yuan.At least I would have been 　13　 this embarrassment if there had been a manned counter.However,I spared further 　14　 when the saleswoman said “Meishi,meishi (doesn’t matter)”　15　 before rushing away.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在无人值守柜台的店里用扫码支付的方式买东西时所发生的事。
(　　)1.[A] unable [B] frightened
[C] delighted [D] capable
(　　)2.[A] missed [B] enjoyed
[C] fancied [D] avoided
(　　)3.[A] waitress [B] shopper
[C] saleswoman [D] applicant
(　　)4.[A] mentioned [B] displayed
[C] made [D] liked
(　　)5.[A] forgiven [B] perfected
[C] required [D] accused
(　　)6.[A] By design [B] On average
[C] In fact [D] As a result
(　　)7.[A] take up [B] pick up
[C] break up [D] clean up
(　　)8.[A] awkward [B] fair
[C] awful [D] easy
(　　)9.[A] record [B] nerve
[C] wall [D] ball
(　　)10.[A] painting [B] scanning
[C] purchasing [D] delivering
(　　)11.[A] icon [B] menu
[C] app [D] counter
(　　)12.[A] imagined [B] assumed
[C] explained [D] agreed
(　　)13.[A] promised [B] brought
[C] shown [D] spared
(　　)14.[A] pain [B] anxiety
[C] embarrassment [D] trouble
(　　)15.[A] warmly [B] excitedly
[C] anxiously [D] coldly
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
　　假设你是李华,你的笔友Tom发邮件告诉你,他最近沉迷于社交媒体(social media),他来信向你请教如何戒掉这个不良习惯,请根据以下要点写一封回信:
1.表示理解和关心;
2.戒掉沉迷网络的不良习惯的方法。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
Yours,
Li HuaUnit 1　课时作业(三)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.He put up a poster to 　　　　(宣传) his club.
2.The local government is taking effective measures to 　　　　(使兴旺) tourism in the area.
3.The aim is to reduce traffic at 　　　　(高峰时期的) periods.
4.The company has worldwide advertisement 　　　　(渠道).
5.It was decided that the school should 　　　　(购买) new software.
6.We have a truly 　　　　(值得纪念的) occasion on the mount.
7.Education has been given a high-priority 　　　　(等级) by the new administration.
8.The race organizers are trying to attract 　　　　(赞助商) to found the primary school.
9.Plants 　　　　(吸收) carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.
10.They were selling everything at a 　　　　(折扣),so it’s a good time to purchase what you like.
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.Her speech was filled with inspiring stories,making it a 　　　　(memory) event for the entire school.
2.The activity 　　　　(sponsor) by the company was welcomed with great enthusiasm.
3.He was one of the 　　　　(witness) at our wedding.
4.There are public service 　　　　(advertise),which encourage citizens to participate in protecting the environment and helping other people.
5.Through clever advertising,companies persuade consumers 　　　　 replacing their old TVs,mobile phones and computers with the latest models.
6.The factory received a great many orders and had to advertise 　　　　 more workers.
7.The children watched the magician with 　　　　(amuse),laughing at his tricks.
8.　　　　(absorb) in creating his masterpiece,the artist didn’t notice evening approaching.
9.The agency offers a ten percent discount 　　　　 travel for students.
10.Her smile brightened 　　　　 the otherwise dull day.
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.我说得很慢,但我的意思没有被理解。(get across)
2.我相信我省很快就会涌现出数百家小公司。(spring up)
3.如果你隐藏你的问题,假装它们不存在,它们只会继续堆积。(mount up)
4.一提到茶他就高兴起来了。(brighten up)
5.你准备得越充分,考试前就越不会感到焦虑。(the+比较级,the+比较级)
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　“Liking” healthy foods on social media platforms may encourage others to eat a balanced diet,new research has found.
For the study,the research team asked 369 university students to estimate the amount of fruit,vegetables,and sugary drinks their online friends consumed on daily basis.They then cross-referenced this information with the participants’ own actual eating habits and showed that those who felt their online social circles “approved” of eating junk food consumed significantly more themselves,in fact,an extra portion(一份) of unhealthy snack foods and sugary drinks for every three portions they believed their online social circles did.
Conversely,those who thought their friends ate a healthy diet had more portions of fruit and vegetables.These habits could have developed from seeing friends’ posts about the food and drinks they consumed,or simply a general impression of their overall health.
There was no significant link between the participants’ eating habits and their body mass index(体重指数),an indicator of weight.The researchers said the next stage of their work would track a participant group over time to see whether the influence of social media on eating habits had a longer-term impact on weight and overall health.
The researchers said the findings to date provide the first evidence to suggest our online social circles could be silently influencing our eating habits,with important implications for using social media to encourage healthy eating.
“With young people spending a huge amount of time interacting with influencers via social media,the important new findings from this study could help shape how we deliver interventions that help them adopt healthy eating habits from a young age,and stick with them for life,” added a director of Aston University’s Applied Health Research Group.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体对人们饮食习惯的影响。
(　　)1.What do the researchers survey on
[A] The influence of social media platforms.
[B] The importance of adopting healthy eating habits.
[C] Participants’ consumption of fruit,vegetables and sugary drinks.
[D] Participants’ comments on online social circles.
(　　)2.What does the finding of the new research show
[A] We consume more junk food than expected.
[B] Our online friends are fond of comparing with us.
[C] We might copy the eating habits of our online friends.
[D] Our overall health will be influenced by social media.
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “Conversely” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A] Unfortunately. [B] Undeniably.
[C] Gradually. [D] Contrarily.
(　　)4.What might the director of Aston University’s Applied Health Research Group encourage influencers to do
[A] Stick to their lifelong healthy habit.
[B] Upload more pictures of green foods.
[C] Devote much time to interacting with the young.
[D] Appeal to young people to quit social media.

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