资源简介

(共135张PPT)
晨背·积累沉淀
情境填空·重拾教材
　　Amy and Jenny have been close for eight years since primary school.Whether they are walking to school， doing homework or just 1. （hang） out at the weekend， they are hardly out of each other’s sight.But things changed last Saturday.Their 2. （origin） plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.But in the morning， Jenny posted a message on social media 3. （say） she had a cold.Amy told her 4. （have） a rest.
However， instead of recovering at home， she was out having fun with
hanging　
original　
saying　
to have　
晨背·积累沉淀
someone else.Hearing this， Amy was annoyed.As she was at 5. loss what to do next， she 6. （seek） advice from a forum online.From Cindy’s viewpoint， this friendship is worth 7. （save）： eight years is a long time！ Amy should find 8. opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her friend.9. David’s opinion， it was wise of Amy to rethink and even let go of the friendship if she 10. （trick）.
a　
sought　
saving　
an　
In　
had been tricked　
单元知识 必备清单
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1. medium n. 传播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具
adj. 中等的，中号的
2. horrible adj. 令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的
3. café n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆
4. shallow adj. 肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的
5. theme n. 主题；主旋律
6. extra adj. 额外的，分外的，附加的
adv. 额外，另外；特别，格外
7. indeed adv. 其实，实际上；的确；真正地
8. well-meaning adj. 出于好心的，善意的
9. thorough adj. 彻底的，全面的；仔细的
10. wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒
Ⅱ.多义单词——我会辨
1. case n. 具体情况，事例；案件；容器；盒；箱
2. trick vt. 欺骗，欺诈
n.　　诡计，花招；戏法；技巧
3. respect vt. 尊重，尊敬
n.　　尊敬，敬意；重视；方面，细节
4. measure vt. 估量，判定；测量；量度为
n. 措施；衡量；尺度；标准
5. escape vi.& vt.　　逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘
n. 逃离，逃脱
Ⅲ.核心单词——我会写
1. awkward adj. 局促不安的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的
2. sight n. 视野；视力；看见
3. chat vi.& n. 聊天，闲聊
4. respond vi.& vt. 回答，回应；作出反应，响应
5. misunderstand vt.& vi. 误解，误会
6. contact vt.& n. 联系，联络
7. explode vi. （感情）爆发，迸发；爆炸
vt. 使爆炸
8. opinion n. 意见，看法；观点，信仰
9. quality n. 品德，素质；质量；特征
adj. 优质的，高质量的
10. seek vi. 试图；寻找；争取
vt. 寻求；寻找
11. joy n. 高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人（或事），乐趣
12. moment n. 时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻
pany n. 陪伴，作伴；公司
14. poet n. 诗人
Ⅳ.拓展词汇——我会拓
1. origin n.起源；起因→original adj.起初的；独创的；原作的n.原 件；原稿；原作→originally adv.原来；起初→originality n.独创性； 创意→originate vt.始创；起源
2. recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢 复，重新控制→recovery n.恢复
3. lose vt.丢失，失去→loss n.失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失→lost adj.失去的，丢失的→loser n.（比赛的）输者，败者
4. judge vt.& vi.评价，（尤指）批评；判断，认为 n.法官；裁判员 →judg（e）ment n.判断
5. apology n.道歉→apologize/-ise vi.道歉，谢罪→apologetic adj.道歉 的；谢罪的；愧疚的→apologetically adv.抱歉地；道歉地
6. behave vi.举止→behavio（u）r n.行为，举止，态度→misbehave vi.& vt.行为不端→misbehavio（u）r n.行为不端
7. frank adj.坦率的，直率的→frankly adv.坦率地
8. definite adj.肯定的→definitely adv.肯定；确实；确切地
9. ignore vt.忽视，对……不予理会→ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj. 无知的
10. suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受→suffering n.痛苦， 苦难→sufferer n.患者，受难者
11. explode vi.（愤怒等感情）爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt.使爆炸 →explosion n.爆炸；爆发→explosive adj.易爆炸的；爆炸式的； 爆发的
12. generous adj.宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的→generosity n.慷慨
13. efficient adj.效率高的，有功效的→inefficient adj.无效的 →efficiently adv.有效地→efficiency n.效率；功率
14. reflect v.反思；反射→reflection n.沉思；反射；映像；反映
15. benefit n.优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→beneficial adj. 有益的
fort vt.宽慰，抚慰 n.舒服；安慰； 令人感到安慰的人或事物 →comfortable adj.舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地→discomfort n.不 适；使人不舒服的事物→uncomfortable adj.使人不舒服的；不自在的
17. recognize/-ise vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→recognition n.认 出，识别；承认→recognisable/-zable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的 →recognised/-zed adj.公认的
18. crowd n.一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt.挤满，使拥挤vi.聚集；挤，涌 →crowded adj.拥挤的
19. admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→admiration n.钦佩；欣赏→admirable adj. 令人羡慕的，值得称赞的→admiring adj.钦佩的；赞赏的→admirer n. 仰慕者
Ⅴ.重点短语——我会记
1. on the rocks　　　（关系）陷于困境，濒临崩溃
2. out of one’s sight 　　脱离某人的视线（同义：beyond one’s view）
3. bring out 使显现，使表现出
4. make it 能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
5. at a loss 　　不知所措，困惑（同义：confused， puzzled）
6. in the wrong 　　有错，应承担责任
7. in any case 　　无论如何，不管怎样 （同义：anyway）
8. let go of 　　放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 （同义：give up）
9. count on 依赖，依靠，指望
10. eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏
11. come between ...and ... 损害……之间的关系；妨碍
12. in person 亲自，亲身
13. high point 最有意思（或最令人愉快、最好）的部分
14. through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦
15. in one’s opinion 在某人看来
16. get over 克服；恢复常态
17. smooth out 消除（问题），克服（困难）
18. be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应做某事
19. take on 呈现，具有
20. in full measure 最大程度地，最大限度地
Ⅵ.单元佳句——我会用
1. Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight. （whether ...or ...）
不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。
2. I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day ... （so ...that ...）
我气坏了，一整天我在学校都躲着她……
3. Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help， even if it means more work for me.（even if引导让步状语从句）
蒂姆是我应该尽力帮助的人，即使这意味着我有更多的工作要做。
4. But in the morning， my friend posted a message on social media saying she had a cold.（动词-ing短语作状语）
但在早上，我的朋友在社交媒体上留言说她感冒了。
5. We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.（find＋宾语＋宾语补足语）
我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。
高考高分 提升密码
Ⅰ.高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法
构词法 否定前缀mis-表示“错误；不；坏”等否定含义
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. （2025·北京卷）My father gently asked me if I understood the gravity of my actions.Tearfully， I confessed my misguided longing for recognition.
adj.受误导的；判断错误的　
2. In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides， there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted，especially when only the victors know how to write.
3. But when we looked at the tomatoes， we were worried because they were so misshapen：not at all like the nice， round， shiny things you get in a supermarket.
n.误解　
adj.畸形的　
Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考
1. bias n.偏见；特殊能力 vt.使偏向；使有偏见
①bias against 对……的偏见
②gender bias 性别偏见
③statistical bias 统计偏差
④overcome bias 克服偏见
（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷） We were particularly interested in exploring the
aspects of sampling that tend to bias data， like the greater likelihood of
a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass
right next to it.
我们对探索那些易使数据产生偏差的抽样特别感兴趣，比如公民科学
家更有可能拍摄开花植物，而非旁边的草。
2. bully vt.恐吓；伤害；欺凌 n.仗势欺人者；欺凌者 adj.顶好的
①school bully 校园霸凌者
②bully sb into doing sth 胁迫某人做某事
③anti-bully campaign 反霸凌运动
④face bullying 遭遇霸凌
When she was in middle school， she was bullied a lot. She felt lonely and helpless until she joined a sports club， where she made friends who supported her.
她上中学时经常遭受霸凌。在加入一个体育俱乐部并交到支持她的朋 友之前，她一直感到孤独无助。
核心知识 点面突破
judge vt.& vi.评价，（尤指）批评；判断，认为 n.法官；裁判员
练通 单句语法填空
②Judging your last letter， you are about to take part in the Chinese Bridge Competition and I am writing to inform you of some dos and don’ts.
judg
（e）ment　
from/by　
写美 完成句子/句式升级
③ ， the weather will stay clear for the outdoor event tomorrow.
据我判断，明天的户外活动天气会保持晴朗。
As far as I can judge/In my judgment　
④I have never judged people by their external appearances， and I have not ignored others’ proposals either.
→Never and neither .（倒装句）
have I judged people by their external appearances　
have I ignored others’ proposals　
（1）judge ...from/by ...从……来判断……
as far as I can judge＝in my judgment 据我判断，我认为
（2）judging from/by ... 根据……判断；从……上看
（3）judg（e）ment n.　　错误判断
misjudg（e）ment n.　　看法；判断力；判决
佳句 I draw a conclusion from this experience that never judge people from/by their appearance/never judge a book by its cover， for true beauty comes from the inside. （主旨升华）
我从这次经历中得出一个结论：永远不要以貌取人，因为真正的美来 自内心。
He refused to make a judgement about the situation.
他拒绝对形势作出评价。
点津 judging from/by ...用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语 和时态的影响。
apologize vi.道歉，谢罪
练通 单句语法填空
①（2025·全国一卷）One evening， I picked up the phone and left him a voice message， （apologize） for my behavior and asking if we could meet.
②（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet.I flashed him an （apology） smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard.
apologizing　
apologetic　
apologize to you for not being able to accompany you to the
bookshop　
make an apology to you for not being able to accompany
you to the bookshop　
（1）apologize to sb for （doing） sth　为（做）某事而向某人道歉
（2）apology n.　　　道歉
make an apology to sb （for ...）　　（为……）向某人道歉
owe sb an apology＝owe an apology to sb　　应该向某人表示歉意
（3）apologetic adj.　　道歉的；表示歉意的；辩解的
佳句 I owe you a sincere apology for my thoughtless words.They were completely out of line， and I deeply regret saying them.（道歉信）
我为我欠考虑的话向你致以诚挚的歉意。那些话太过分了，我真的很 后悔说了那些话。
I must apologize to you because I owe you an apology for what I did.
我必须向你道歉，因为我应该为我的所作所为向你道歉。
case n.具体情况，事例；案件；容器
练通 单句语法填空
①I suggest that you put three to four students together， with one as the group leader， which case we can communicate with each other at a great depth.
②So please pay attention to the weather forecast just case you need to return to land.
③（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷） （case） where students struggle with mental health should be handled with care.
in　
in　
Cases　
写美 句式升级
④We can in no case go against the law of nature， or we’ll suffer a great loss.
→In no case ， or we’ll suffer a great loss.（倒装句）
can we go against the law of nature　
in this/that case　　　假使这样/那样的话
in no case　　决不（句首，用部分倒装）
in any case　　无论如何，不管怎样
in some cases　　在某些/种情况下
in case　　假使；以防万一
in case of　　假如发生；万一发生
as is often the case　　这是常有的事
佳句 Meanwhile， with my horse getting frightened， jumping up， and running around wildly， I held the rope tightly in case I might fall off. （场景描写）
与此同时，我的马被吓坏了，跳起来，疯狂地跑来跑去，我紧紧地抓 住绳子，以防摔下来。
点津 如果case充当先行词，后面的定语从句通常用where或in which引导。
escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n.逃离， 逃脱
练通 单句语法填空
①（2023·1月浙江卷）The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped the tree.
②Compared with the （escape） driver， I am proud of what I did.
from　
escaped　
写美 完成句子
③If you’re seeking this sedentary routine， consider the dynamic world of yoga. （建议信）
如果你想摆脱这种久坐不动的习惯，可以考虑瑜伽的动感世界。
an escape from　
（1）escape （doing） sth　　　逃避（做）某事
escape from　　从……逃脱；逃避
sth escape（s） sb　　某人忘记某事
（2）fire escape　　太平梯；安全梯
a narrow escape　　九死一生；死里逃生
（3）escaped adj.　　逃跑了的，逃脱了的
佳句 I felt embarrassed when I realized his name had escaped me， even though we had met several times before. （情绪描写）
当我意识到我忘记了他的名字时，我感到很尴尬，尽管我们之前见过 好几次。
benefit n.优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
练通 单句语法填空
①（2024·1月浙江卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that.However， if you’re shopping for one， buying extra （benefit） from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
②From my point of view， our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because they are great benefit to us.
to benefit　
of　
写美 翻译句子
③（2025·全国一卷）此外，阅读这些有趣的经历无疑能通过缓解压 力对我们的心理健康有益，这也让这份报纸变得更生动、更有趣。 （benefit vt.）
Besides， reading about these fun experiences can definitely benefit our mental health by relieving our pressure， which makes the newspaper more lively and enjoyable.
④（2025·全国二卷）您对加拿大体育的独到见解，必将丰富读者对 全球体育文化的认知，这对我们大有裨益。（benefit n.）
（1）benefit from/by ...　　　从……中受益；得益于……
（2）for the benefit of　　为了……的利益
be of great benefit to ...　　对……非常有益
（3）beneficial adj.　　有利的；有帮助的；有用的
be beneficial to ...　　对……有益；有益于……
Your insights into Canadian sports will surely enrich our readers’ understanding of global sports culture， which will be of benefit to us.
拓展 -ial形容词后缀小结
commercial 商业的
confidential 机密的
consequential 产生后果的
crucial 至关重要的
佳句 〔北师大必修一〕As people often say， any exercise is better than none， but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.
正如人们常说的，运动总比不运动好，特别是长跑有很多益处。
点津 benefit作为及物动词，其宾语总是“受益者”，而不能是所受的 “益处”；要表示“受益于某事（物）”，应用benefit by/from sth。
The fresh air benefits our health and we benefit from it.
新鲜空气对我们的健康有好处，我们受益于新鲜空气。
make it 能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
练通 赏句猜义/单句语法填空
①When I called her， she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema.
②Hold on to your passion of doing anything， and you will make it！
③His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make what it is.
④（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）If you keep practicing， you’ll finally make it the national team.
准时到达　
获得成功　
out　
to　
made up her mind to study even
harder　
make it to ...　 　成功抵达（某地）/ 赶上（时间）
make it through ...　　艰难完成/熬过（困境）
make it big　　（事业）大获成功
make up　　组成；编造；化妆
make out　　理解；弄清
make a difference　　有影响，起作用
make up one’s mind to do sth　　下定决心做某事
佳句 If you want to make it in this field， talent might open the door， but only persistence keeps you inside.
若想在这一行取得成功，天赋或许能为你开门，但唯有坚持才能让你 留在门内。
count on 依赖，依靠，指望
练通 单句语法填空
①（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）In emergencies， you can always count your family for support.
②（2023·北京卷）This old machine isn’t modern， but you can count on it （work） perfectly.
on　
to work　
写美 翻译句子
③我奶奶依然习惯给她妹妹寄手写信，而不是用微信，她说纸上的墨 迹比电子文字更 “实在”。
My grandma still counts on sending handwritten letters to her sister instead of using WeChat， saying the ink on paper feels more “real” than digital words.
count on/upon （＝depend/rely on/upon）　依赖，依靠，指望
count on sb/sth to do sth　　指望某人/某物做某事
count on it that ...　　相信/指望……
count sb in　　把某人算入；包括某人
count ...as/to be ...　　把……视为……
count up　　计算，算出总数
佳句 With her eyes resting on the list， she shrugged， “You can count me in， I guess.”（动作描写）
目光停留在名单上，她耸了耸肩，说道：“我想你可以把我算进去。”
comfort n.舒服；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；安逸 vt.宽慰； 抚慰
练通 单句语法填空
①Inside， we rested comfort by the fireplace， enjoying the warmth and quiet.
in　
which
makes travels faster and more comfortable　
写美 完成句子
（1）be a comfort （to sb）　（对某人来说）是个安慰
in comfort　　舒适地；放松地
to one’s comfort　　让某人感到安慰的是
（2）comfort sb for sth　　因某事安慰某人
（3）comfortable adj.　　舒服的；舒适的
uncomfortable adj.　　不舒服的
comfortably adv.　　舒服地；舒适地
佳句 I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found.我冲回那座废弃的 房子。令人十分宽慰的是，原来窗户上的洞已经不见了。
explode vi.（愤怒等感情）爆发，迸发；爆炸 vt.使爆炸 vi.& vt.爆 炸；爆破→explosion n.爆炸；爆破→explosive adj.易爆炸的；爆炸式 的；爆发的
佳句背诵
①The old gas canister， which had been knocked over by the falling shelf， hissed for three heart-stopping seconds before it exploded — flinging metal shards across the concrete floor.
被倒下的货架撞翻的旧煤气罐，发出了三秒令人窒息的嘶嘶声后突然 爆炸——金属碎片被甩得在水泥地上四处飞溅。
②The explosion was so loud that windows in the nearby grocery store shattered， and she screamed as glass rained down on her apron.
那场爆炸的巨响震碎了附近杂货店的窗户，玻璃碎片像雨一样落在她 围裙上，她失声尖叫起来。
③Chief Carter spotted a box labeled “highly explosive” under a half- burned pallet， and one spark could trigger a second disaster worse than the first explosion.
卡特队长在一个半燃的托盘下发现了一个标着 “高度易爆” 的箱 子，哪怕一点火星，都可能引发比第一次爆炸更严重的二次灾难。
靓句写作
看到他滑稽的表情，整个房间的人一下子都笑了起来。
The whole room at his funny face. （情绪 描写）
exploded into laughter　
句型公式：so ...that ...引导结果状语从句
I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day ...我气坏了，一 整天我在学校都躲着她……
写美 完成句子
①〔北师大必修二〕His injuries he had no movement or feeling in his body at all and even needed a machine to help him breathe.
他伤势非常严重，身体完全丧失了运动能力和知觉，甚至连呼吸都需 要借助机器。
were so severe that　
②〔北师大必修一〕David put he couldn’t swallow.
大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁，以至于都吞不下去了。
③ the company made that it now leads the industry.
公司发展如此迅速，以至于现在在行业中处于领先地位。
so much pudding in his mouth that　
Such rapid progress has　
佳句 There are so many famous artists present at this year’s music festival that I’m writing to invite you to attend. （邀请信）
有如此多著名的艺术家出席今年的音乐节，所以我写信邀请你参加。
点津 上述so/such ...that ...句型，当so/such ...放在句首时，主句要 用部分倒装。
高效迁移 微点练全
一词多义/熟词生义
1. trick vt.欺骗，欺诈 n.诡计，花招；戏法；诀窍
①Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors， 1880－ 1990： Into the Light.
n.诀窍　
③We were playing tricks on each other when Mrs Virginia DeView cleared her throat and asked us to be quiet.
vt.欺
骗，哄骗　
n.把戏，花招　
n.案件；官司　
n.实
情，事实　
n.事例，实例　
n.容器　
vt.逃脱；避开　
vt.被
遗忘　
n.逃脱　
4. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington， D. C. ， which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.
5. There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine failures on take-off.
6. Each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor， providing company and transportation.
7. The family called the Italian Culture Ministry； the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.
vt.回收　
n.故障，失灵　
n.陪伴　
n.原作，原稿　
8. As to the play， our weakness lies in such respects as roles’ facial expressions，logical stress of dialogue and stage set.
9. Her opinion counts because of her experience.
10. His services to the state were recognized with the award of a knighthood.
n.方面　
vi.重要　
vt.表彰　
单句语法填空
1. （2025·全国二卷）If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health （benefit） of surrounding yourself with plants， don’t beat yourself up if one （or a few！） doesn’t make it.
2. （2024·北京卷）As a result， the first four years of my postgraduate career were defined by a series of （failure）.
benefits　
failures　
3. 〔外研选必三〕Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do， and can make （judge） based on information.
4. I come to you， hat in hand， to apologize the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.
5. Wearing proper clothes is important， for locals will judge you what you wear.
judgements　
for　
from/by　
6. On hearing his words， thrilled was I that I simply stood there dumbfounded， and my feet， as if rooted to the ground， couldn’t move an inch.
so　
单句语法填空
1. （2025·全国一卷）Even bottled water， scientists found earlier this year， contains 10 to 1，000 times more microplastics than （origin）thought.
2. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Without your （recognize） and guidance， I couldn’t have written this article.
3. The （admire） and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.
originally　
recognition　
admiration　
4. As Danieu slowly regained consciousness in the （recover） room， tears of gratitude welled up in his eyes.
5. To gain admission to a key university， the boy will （definite） take advantage of the precious chance.
recovery　
definitely　
　应用文增分练——活动致歉
　　假定你是李华，你和你的外籍好友Peter约好了本周末去游览长 城，但是你因为临时要参加学校组织的“垃圾分类，全民行动（Trash Sorting， All Involved）”志愿活动而不能赴约。请你给他写一封道歉 信，内容包括：
　　（1）表达歉意；
　　（2）简要介绍活动意义；
　　（3）另约时间。
第一步　根据单元知识写美句
1. 我真的很抱歉，这周末不能按计划和你一起去游览长城。（状语从 句的省略）
2. 我必须参加学校组织的一项志愿活动，活动名称是 “垃圾分类， 全民行动”。 （非谓语动词；非限制性定语从句）
I’m really sorry that I can’t visit the Great Wall with you this weekend as planned.
I have to take part in a voluntary activity organized by our school， which is called “Trash Sorting， All Involved”.
3. 人们认识到垃圾分类是良好环境的基础，所以我们应该不遗余力地 承担起责任。（it is recognized that ...， basis； take on）
4. 这个活动太有意义了，我不能错过它。 （so ...that ...引起 的倒装）

It is recognized that garbage classification is a basis of a good environment，so we should spare no effort to take on the duty.
So meaningful is the activity that I can’t afford to miss it.
5. 我们定在下周六上午可以吗？希望你能接受我由衷的歉意。 （apology）
Could we make it next Saturday morning？ I hope you can accept my heartfelt apology.
第二步　连句成篇创佳作
　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右 的短文。
Dear Peter，
Yours，
Li Hua
　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
　　I’m really sorry that I can’t visit the Great Wall with you this weekend as planned.
　　I have to take part in a voluntary activity organized by our school， which is called “Trash Sorting， All Involved”.It is recognized that garbage classification is a basis of a good environment， so we should spare no effort to take on the duty.So meaningful is the activity that I can’t afford to miss it.
　　Could we make it next Saturday morning？ I hope you can accept my heartfelt apology.
Yours，
Li Hua
　读后续写微技能——道歉的力量
积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接
词 汇
积 累 心理描写：awkward； hurt； horrible； frank； failure； at a loss； joy； angry； sorry； quick to judge； trust a lot； value； suffer； sad； wish to be alone； comfort the heart； feel free to share； respect our feelings
动作描写：recover； respond； trick； suffer； misunderstand； comfort； admire； post a message； avoid； have a full and frank talk； listen to； explain； talk ...over with； put ...into words； enjoy the company of
人物描写：popular； well-meaning； wise； trusted
佳 句
积 累 人物描写：When I was an awkward primary school student，she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me.
动作描写：Whether we’re walking to school， doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend， we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
情绪描写：I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day， and I still don’t feel like responding to any of her online messages.The stress of this situation is killing me， and I’m at a loss what to do next.
主旨升华：More often than not， close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石
情感描写：羞愧与尴尬
经典
词汇 1.guilt n.内疚；自责→guilty adj.内疚的
2.shame n.羞耻，惭愧→ashamed adj.惭愧的；羞愧的 →shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的
3.embarrass v.使尴尬→embarrassed adj.尴尬的 →embarrassing adj.令人尴尬/难堪的→embarrassment n.尴 尬；难堪（的事）
靓点
语块 1.glow with embarrassment 窘得满脸通红　　　
2.lower one’s head with shame羞愧地低下头　　
3.a flush/blush of embarrassment comes to one’s cheeks 脸颊 上露出了尴尬的表情
4.hide one’s inner embarrassment 隐藏内心的尴尬
5.feel one’s face burning 觉得脸在燃烧
出彩
佳句 1.“Do you still think washing the clothes a piece of cake？” Dad asked.Jeff shook his head， embarrassed.Then， I helped him finish the remaining work of rinsing and drying.
“你还觉得洗衣服是小菜一碟吗？”爸爸问道。杰夫尴尬地摇了摇头。然后，我帮他完成了剩下的冲洗和晾晒工作。
2.At that moment，the woman was so ashamed that she covered her face with mouth wide open and face turning red instantly.
在那一刻，这位妇女感到非常羞愧，她大张着嘴捂住了脸，脸立刻变红了。
3.She lowered a bit of her body and hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide her inner embarrassment.
她俯下身来，犹豫了一会儿，想知道如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升
　　场景导入： 看着安妮泪流满面的脸，我陷入了沉思，感到懊悔又 愧疚……
　　Looking at Anne’s face wet with tears， I began to feel regretful and guilty.Suddenly， 1. （安妮发出一 声悔恨的喊叫）， “I’m so silly.” Then she dashed out before I could say a word， 2. （让我深感遗 憾，哑口无言）.I froze there， 3. （眼中含着悔恨的泪水）.If only I had not quarreled with Anne！ Finally， 4. （内疚和悔恨 涌上心头）， I rushed out to apologize to Anne.
Anne let out a cry of regret　
leaving me dumb with deep regret　
with regretful tears in my eyes　
with guilt and regret flowing in my mind　
　　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，阅读D篇）On March 7， 1907，
the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper
which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom
of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases， the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
　　This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors， those errors aren’t always the same.Some people will tend to overestimate， and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors
are averaged together， they cancel each other out， resulting in a more accurate estimate.If people are similar and tend to make the same errors， then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms， the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If， for whatever reasons， people’s errors become correlated or dependent， the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
　　But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist （转折） on this classic phenomenon.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were
allowed to have a discussion， the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance， the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
　　In a follow-up study with 100 university students， the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates？ Did they follow those least willing to change their minds？
This happened some of the time， but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently， the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow， these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
　　Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain， the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
做真题——感悟命题角度
32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about？
A. The methods of estimation.
B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors.
D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段解释了“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑。
√
33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if 　　　　.
A. the crowds were relatively small
B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate
D. estimates were not fully independent
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的In more technical terms， the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.和第 三段中的when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion ...independent individuals可知，Navajas的 研究发现，即使团队成员的估计不是完全独立的，估计的平均准确度 也可以提高。
34. What did the follow-up study focus on？
A. The size of the groups.
B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process.
D. The individual estimates.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，后续研究主要关注小组成员在讨论中的行为。研究人员发现，大多数情况下，小组成员表示他们“分享观点并共同推理”。因此，后续研究的重点是小组讨论的过程。
√
35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies？
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive.
C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，尽管Navajas的研究有局限性，但是对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。由此判断，作者对Navajas的研究持赞同的态度。
√
理脉络——构建篇章思维
再利用——拓宽词句积累
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. illustrate v. 说明；阐明
2. estimate n. 估计；判断
3. similar adj. 相像的；类似的
4. implication n. 可能的影响（或作用、结果）；含意，暗指
5. enormous adj. 巨大的；极大的
6. correlated adj. 有相互关系的（课标外词汇）
7. follow-up adj. 进一步的
8. underlying adj. 潜在的；表面下的；根本的（课标外词汇）
9. dominant adj. 占支配地位的；占优势的（课标外词汇）
10. dismissive adj. 轻蔑的；鄙视的；不屑一顾的（课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇
1. statistician n.统计学家 [statistic （n.）＋后缀-ian]
2. capitalize v.利用 [capital （n.）＋后缀-ize]
3. dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的 [depend （v.）＋后缀-ent]
4. significantly adv.显著地；有重大意义地 [significant （adj.）＋后 缀-ly]
5. limitation n.限制；控制 [limit （v.）＋后缀-ation]
6. overestimate v.高估 [前缀over-＋estimate （v.）]
（三）由文本知变式运用
1. 熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）average [熟义] n.平均水平，平均数 adj.平均的，一般的
→[生义] v. （第二段第三句）
（2）reason [熟义] n.理由，原因
→[生义] v. （第四段第五句）
2. 近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）take advantage of＝ （第二段）
（2）mistake＝ （第二段）
（3）precise＝ （第三段）
计算出……平均数　
推理；推论；推断　
capitalize on　
error　
accurate　
（四）由文本探析长难句
The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion， the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
分析：The key finding of the study 是句子的主语，谓语was后 的 引导一个表语从句，该表语从句又是一个 句， when crowds were further divided into smaller groups ...是时间状语从 句，其中groups后的that引导的是 从句，从句修饰先行词 groups。
that　
复合　
定语　
这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体，
（且）这些更小的群体被允许进行讨论时，这些群体（的估计）的平
均值比同样数量的独立个体（的估计）的平均值更准确。　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　（2026·苏北七市三调）Go to any movie theater or sports venue， and it’s obvious there’s an invisible bond that forms from laughing， crying， and simply feeling while brushing shoulders with others.
Researchers have long backed up this sense of connection， but some aspects of the phenomenon remained unclear.Now， a new study is offering insight.
　　Writing in the journal Royal Society Open Science， Victor Chung of the cole Normale Supérieure in France and his team reported how they examined the matter by inviting strangers to watch videos together in same sex pairs.
　　Pairs of strangers watched three types of videos together： positive， negative， and neutral （中性的） with a curtain between them that was either open or closed.At the start of the experiment the researchers asked each participant whether they’d like to meet the other member of their
pair again.After watching each video， participants reported their emotions and feelings of connectedness， and after seeing all three videos they were asked once again about their feelings towards the other participant.
　　The results showed the emotional films generated stronger responses than the neutral film.Crucially， the team said participants’ feelings of connectedness within the pairs was boosted when they experienced more intense emotions.However， this was only the case when participants
watched the films with the curtain between them open.The researchers said that whether or not the pairs could see each other had no impact on how positively or negatively they felt about the films.
　　“We found that silently watching emotional films together with another individual is associated with social bonding， even when this person is a stranger and without any verbal （口头的） communication，” said Chung， the study author.
　　The team added that the findings may help explain why people seek out group activities that generate strong emotions， even participating in sad memorials that cause negative emotions.In other words， because emotion bonds us， and humans have a fundamental desire to belong， we’re up for experiences one might think we’d naturally want to avoid.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了共同观看情感视频 如何促进陌生人之间的社会联系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了共同观看情感视频
如何促进陌生人之间的社会联系。
1. What do the underlined words “the phenomenon” in paragraph 1 refer to？（　　）
A. Shared emotions bond people.
B. Physical touch helps tackle stress.
C. A chance encounter leads to a friendship.
D. Entertainment is a crucial part of human life.
解析：词义猜测题。根据文章首句可推知，画线部分the phenomenon指的是上文提到的“共享情感会联系人们”。
√
2. How did the researchers get their findings？（　　）
A. By analyzing participants’ emotions.
B. By comparing participants’ self-reports.
C. By documenting participants’ video responses.
D. By stimulating participants’ desire for interaction.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，研究人员通过比较参与者的自我报告得出研究结果。
√
3. The study found that strong bonds were indeed created between pairs only when 　　　.（　　）
A. they were familiar with each other
B. they watched neutral films together
C. they were aware of the presence of each other
D. they could see each other while watching the films
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句可知，强烈的联系感仅在参与者能够看到彼此时产生。
√
4. What is presented in the last paragraph of the text？（　　）
A. An interpretation of the findings.
B. Potential implication of the findings.
C. Supporting evidence for the findings.
D. The underlying logic behind the findings.
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句可知，该段提出了研究结果的潜在意义。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2026·湖南九校联盟二联）As a freelancer （自由职业者）， I considered a very active social life as a basic human necessity.Yet when I 　5　 that， on average， I spent 22 hours or more each week on 　6　， I realized I might be taking it to an extreme.
　　So， in order to see if no social life would make me more 　7　， I decided to cut out my social life 　8　.For a whole month， I 　9　 all in-person activities with friends： going out for drinks， dinners， 　10　 and other non-work related events.
　　On the first day， I had to deal with some strong 　11　.But as the days passed， I started to relax.I began to 　12　 moments of rest and even boredom throughout the day.Such moments are crucial for 　13　.I found myself regularly brainstorming new ideas and reimagining existing projects.
　　However， such 　14　 would be a concern if I remained isolated for too long.While one month of no social life did not impact my relationships with 　15　 clients， if I continued， it might 　16　 my ability to build new ones.
　　It occurred to me that I can’t cut out an area of life in order to lift another — a（n） 　17　 with people is linked to our work and helps us deal with life’s ups and downs.We should not strive for a work-life balance. 　18　， we should try to bring our social life into our work.
Perhaps the secret to a successful career is learning to 　19　 the two.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位自由职业者通 过减少社交活动来测试自己是否能提高工作效率的经历。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位自由职业者通
过减少社交活动来测试自己是否能提高工作效率的经历。
5. A. imagined B. calculated
C. admitted D. expected
解析：根据空后的on average， I spent 22 hours or more each week on可知，此处指作者计算出自己花费的时间。
6. A. working B. exercising
C. studying D. socializing
解析：根据文章首句可知，此处指作者在社交上花费了很多时间。
√
√
7. A. confident B. independent
C. productive D. inefficient
解析：根据下句可知，作者这样做是为了看看没有社交生活是否能让自己更有效率。
8. A. easily B. rapidly
C. entirely D. frequently
解析：根据下句可知，此处指作者完全切断自己的社交生活。
√
√
9. A. turned down B. picked out
C. put off D. engaged in
解析：根据上句中的I decided to cut out my social life entirely可知，作者完全切断自己的社交活动，因此拒绝了所有与朋友的面对面活动。
√
10. A. conferences B. parties
C. interviews D. lectures
解析：根据空前的going out for drinks， dinners和空后的other non- work related events可知，作者拒绝与工作不相关的活动，“聚会”属 于此类活动。
√
11. A. sadness B. anger
C. fear D. anxiety
解析：根据下句可知，此处与relax形成转折关系，“焦虑”符合语境。
√
12. A. enjoy B. record
C. predict D. recall
解析：根据上句可知，随着时间的推移，作者开始放松，开始享受一天中的休息和无聊时刻。
√
13. A. sensitivity B. creativity
C. motivation D. determination
解析：　根据下句可知，这些激发了作者的创造力。
√
14. A. purposes B. restrictions
C. benefits D. functions
解析：根据上段尾句及空前的such可知，此处指上文提到的好处。
√
15. A. existing B. potential
C. demanding D. wealthy
解析：根据后半句中的my ability to build new ones可知，此处指现有客户，与new ones形成呼应。
√
16. A. challenge B. assess
C. question D. weaken
解析：此处与上文形成让步关系，指虽然一个月没有社交生活不会影响作者与现有客户的关系，但如果作者继续这样做，可能会削弱作者建立新客户的能力。
√
17. A. connection B. argument
C. comparison D. appointment
解析：根据空前的I can’t cut out an area of life in order to lift another和空后内容可知，此处指与人的联系。
√
18. A. Besides B. Otherwise
C. Rather D. However
解析：根据本句语境可知，设空前后内容形成转折关系，且强调替代性选择，“相反”符合语境。
√
19. A. measure B. combine
C. classify D. distinguish
解析：根据上句和空前的Perhaps the secret to a successful career is learning可知，此处指学会将社交活动和工作结合起来。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2026·安徽安庆二模）Liuchi Alley， located in Tongcheng， Anhui Province， is a place with great historical and 20. 　　　　　　 （culture） significance.The alley， which is only 2 meters wide， 21. 　　　　　　 （name） after the combination of the number six and the character “chi” at that time.In the early Qing Dynasty， it was the dividing line between two powerful families， the Zhangs and the Wus.They had a conflict over the property boundary and the right 　　　　　
22. 　 （build） a wall.After the negotiation failed， the Zhangs asked for help from Zhang Ying， a respected member of their family
23. 　　　　　　 position in the emperor’s court was trusted.Zhang Ying， instead of standing up 24. 　　　　　　 his own family， advised them to retreat 1 meter.25. 　　　　　　 （motivate） by his wisdom， both families agreed， and thus the alley was formed.
　　Today， Liuchi Alley still reminds us of the importance of peaceful ways to solve conflicts.The local government employees
26. 　　　　　　 （make） great efforts to restore the area to attract more visitors so far.For ordinary people， it teaches them how to get along with others， 27. 　　　　　 for authorities， it is a guideline for officials.
　　Liuchi Alley is not only a physical place but also a source of 28. 　　　　　　 （inspire） and education.It shows that even in difficult situations， people can choose to solve conflicts 29. 　　　　　　 （wise）.The story of Liuchi Alley will keep uplifting future generations.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安徽桐城六尺巷的 历史由来及其文化意义。
20. cultural　考查形容词。空处修饰名词 significance，应用形容词作 定语，culture 的形容词形式是 cultural。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安徽桐城六尺巷的
历史由来及其文化意义。
21. was named　考查时态和语态。主语 The alley 与 name 之间是被动 关系，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
22. to build　考查非谓语动词。the right to do sth是固定搭配，意为 “做某事的权利”。
23. whose　考查定语从句。此处是一个定语从句，先行词是 Zhang Ying，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 position，应用 whose 引导。
24. for/with　考查介词。stand up for/with意为 “支持”。
25. Motivated　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，motivate 与主 语 both families 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语；置于句首， 首字母大写。
26. have made　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语so far可知，应 用现在完成时；主语 employees 是复数，应用have made。
27. and/while　考查连词。根据语境可知，前后句之间是并列或对比 关系，应用and或while连接。
28. inspiration　考查名词。根据空前的介词 of 可知，空处应用名词 作宾语，inspire 的名词形式是 inspiration。
29. wisely　考查副词。空处修饰动词 solve，应用副词，wise 的副词 形式是 wisely。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
　　（2026·浙江杭州一模）假定你是李华，你校下周日有两个志愿 者活动同时举行，一个在火车站，另一个在市文化博物馆。你的交换 生朋友Peter不知道选择哪一个参加，写信向你寻求建议。请你给他写 一封回信，内容包括：
　　（1）给出建议；
　　（2）说明理由。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
Dear Peter，
Yours，
Li Hua
　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
　　I’m glad to hear that you want to participate in volunteer activities！ I recommend you choose the event at the city cultural museum.This is a great opportunity to learn about our local culture and history while helping others.What’s more， you can communicate with local people there.It’ll be really meaningful.Meanwhile， you’ll meet interesting people and gain valuable insights about our community.
　　On the other hand， the train station event might be busier and less organized.Enjoy your volunteering experience！
Yours，
Li Hua

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