资源简介

(共118张PPT)
晨背·积累沉淀
　　情境填空·重拾教材
　　1. （live） in space is every would-be astronaut’s dream.Life on a space station differs from that on the Earth.It is the low gravity 2. makes ordinary things strange.My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end， and it 3. （be） a challenging but magical adventure.The
4. （strange） of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep. In view of the near absence of gravity in space， we have to attach
5. （us） so that we don’t float around.
Living　
that　
has been　
strangeness　
ourselves　
晨背·积累沉淀
　　The routine tasks 6. occupy most of the day are demanding， but they can also be 7. （extreme） rewarding.We need to perform missions outside the space station， such as 8. （test） new equipment， monitoring scientific experiments 9. giving maintenance to the space station.In these precious moments， all the 10. （challenge） of life in space seem worth it.
that/which　
extremely　
testing　
or　
challenges　
单元知识 必备清单
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1. maintenance n. 维护，保养；维持，保持
2. radiation n. 辐射，放射线
3. luxury n. 不常有的乐趣（或享受）；奢侈品
4. kit n. 成套设备，成套工具；配套元件
5. astronomer n. 天文学家
6. administration n. 行政部门；管理，行政
7. shuttle n. 航天飞机；来往于两地之间的航班（或班车、
火车）
vi. 频繁往来（于两地之间）
8. calculate vt. 计算，核算；预测
9. mechanic n. 机械师，技工
Ⅱ.多义单词——我会辨
1. bother vt.　　使烦恼，使担心；打扰；花费时间精力（做某事）
n. 麻烦，困难
2. mission n.
任务；使命，天职；军事行动；太空飞行任务；布道所
vi. 给……交代任务；派遣；把任务交给；向……传教
3. discipline vt. 严格要求（自己）；惩罚；训练
n. 训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力
4. shelter n. 居所，住处；庇护；
vt. 保护，掩蔽
vi. 躲避
5. crew n.　　全体工作人员；全体乘务人员，全体船员；专业团队
Ⅲ.核心单词——我会写
1. astronaut n. 宇航员，航天员
2. gravity n. 重力；严重性；严肃；地球引力
3. circumstance n.
条件，状况；（circumstances）境况，（尤指）经济状况
4. furthermore adv. 此外，再者
5. vital adj. 必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必
需的
6. leisure n. 闲暇，空闲
7. permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的
8. altogether adv. 完全；总共；总之
9. crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的
10. merely adv. 仅仅，只不过
11. agency n. 机构；代理处
12. comprise vt. 包括，包含；组成，构成
13. scan vt.& vi. 扫描；细看；浏览
n. 扫描检查；快速查阅
14. purse n. 资金，财源；钱包
15. tale n. 故事；讲述，叙述
16. incredibly adv. 极其，极端地；令人难以置信
17. constant adj. 固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的
18. nuclear adj. 核能的，原子能的；核武器的
Ⅳ.拓展词汇——我会拓
1. absent adj.缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的 →absence n.缺乏，不存 在；缺席
2. occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于→occupied adj.已占用的；忙于……的；使用中的→occupation n.工作；职业； 占领；居住；使用
3. evaluate vt.评估，估计，评价→evaluation n.评价；估价
4. expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；揭露；使暴露于（险境）；曝 光 →exposure n.面临，遭受；揭露；报道→exposed adj.暴露的；无 遮蔽的
5. visible adj.看得见的；明显的→invisible adj.看不见的→visibility n.能见度；可见性→vision n.视力；视觉
6. universe n.（the universe）宇宙，天地万物→universal adj.普遍 的；全体的；全世界的；共同的→universally adv.普遍地
7. found vt.建立；创建→foundation n.基础，根据；地基；创办；基 金会
8. origin n.起源，起因；出身→originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立 →original adj.起初的；原来的；首创的；独创的 n.原著；原作
9. frequent adj.频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地→frequency n.发生率， 出现率；频繁；频率
10. motive n.原因，动机，目的→motiveless adj.无动机的→motivate vt.激励；激发→motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n.动力； 积极性；动机
11. invest v.投资；投入→investment n.投资；投入
12. cover n.覆盖物；封面；掩蔽物 v.覆盖；遮盖；处理；涉及；包 括→coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围
13. assist v.帮助；援助→assistance n.帮助；援助→assistant n.助理； 售货员；助教 adj.助理的，副的
14. dust n.沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
Ⅴ.重点短语——我会记
1. cast new light on 　　使进一步了解…… （同义：shed/throw new light on）
2. in the circumstances 　　在这种情况下，既然如此
3. lay the foundation for 　　为……打下基础（同义：lay the groundwork for）
4. plain to see　　显而易见的
5. a huge amount of 　　大量的（同义：a great deal of）
6. long to do sth　　渴望做某事（近义：be eager/dying to do sth）
7. make sense of 　　弄清楚，弄明白（同义：figure out）
8. in view of 　　鉴于，考虑到（反义：regardless of不管，不顾）
9. carry out 执行；开展；完成
10. worth it 值得；值得一干
11. as well as 除……之外；此外；也，和
12. in space 在太空中
e to an end 　　结束（同义：draw to an end， come to a close）
14. at a time 每次
15. at a speed of 以……的速度
Ⅵ.单元佳句——我会用
1. With so much going on， the space station needs a lot of maintenance， so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.（with复合结构）
空间站里发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间 站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。
2. Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.（so that引导目的状语从句）
由于太空中几乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定住，这样才不会四处 漂浮。
3. Splendid as the view of the Earth is， spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.（as 引导让步状语从句的倒装）
虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激 动人心。
4. Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts’ health.（be of＋抽象名词）
花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康是至关重要的。
5. That’s why every spacewalk is carefully planned.（That’s why ...）
那就是为什么（我们）要仔细规划好每次的太空行走。
6. It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.（强调句）
正是通过对太空的研究，我们才能确定地球是圆的，它绕着太阳 公转。
高考高分 提升密码
Ⅰ.高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法
构词法 后缀-ent一般为名词转换为形容词后缀，表示“是……的；做……的”；
前缀tele-是表示距离等关系的前缀，表示“远的；电视的；通过电话的”
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）After I made Italy my permanent home，I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are.

adj.长久的　

2. These magnificent ancient buildings demonstrate the great intelligence of the laboring people.
3. Morse invented a code for sending messages over an electromagnetic circuit.Bell then gave the telegraph a voice.
4. In the telecommunication industry，cell phone services are different from the Internet services.
adj.宏伟的　
n.电报　
n.电信　
5. Telemedicine can allow a patient to use technology to see the doctor online and get a diagnosis（诊断） and instructions without leaving home.
6. Managers at their factory hold a two-hour teleconference with head office every day.
n.远程医疗　
n.电讯会议　
Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考
1. sore adj.疼痛的；非常的；气恼的；愤愤不平的； n.疮；痛 处；伤处
①sore throat 喉咙痛
②sore muscles 肌肉酸痛
③sore spot 痛处/敏感话题
④a sore loser 输不起的人
After hiking for hours， my legs were so sore that I could hardly walk.
徒步数小时后，我的腿酸痛得几乎无法行走。
2. souvenir n.纪念品；（度假时买回来送人的）礼物；纪念物
①get a souvenir/get souvenirs 买纪念品
②keep something as a souvenir 把某物当作纪念品保
存/保留
③a souvenir from sp/sth 来自某地/某事件的纪念品
④bring back a souvenir/bring back souvenirs 带回来纪念品
Tourists often keep local handicrafts as souvenirs to remind them of the
culture they experienced.
游客常将当地手工艺品作为纪念品保存，以纪念所体验的文化。
核心知识 点面突破
absence n.[U，C] 缺席；不在；[U] 缺乏，不存在
练通 单句语法填空
① I’m writing to apologize to you for being absent your birthday party last weekend.
② the absence of parents’ company in their childhood， these children will lack confidence.
from　
In　
写美 完成句子
③ for people to live on the Moon.
缺乏空气和水使人们不可能在月球上生活。
The absence of air and water makes it impossible　
（1）in one’s absence　　　　在某人不在场时
in the absence of sth　　因缺乏……
（2）absent adj.　　缺席的；不存在的
be absent from　　缺席；缺少
（3） absent-minded adj.　　心不在焉的；健忘的
佳句 〔外研必修二〕Courage is not the absence of fear， but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear.（主旨升华）
勇敢并非无所畏惧，而是知道有比恐惧更重要的东西。
occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于
练通 单句语法填空
①Keep your mind fully occupied positive thoughts and keep your body as fit as you can.
② （occupy） in making and selling popcorn， they spared no time to play.
with　
Occupied　
写美 句式升级
③I’m busy preparing for the debate， so I can’t go to the exhibition with you this Saturday.
→ ， I can’t go to the exhibition with you this Saturday.（动词-ing短语作状语）
→ ， I can’t go to the exhibition with you this Saturday.（形容词短语作状语）
Occupying myself in preparing for the debate　
Occupied in preparing for the debate　
（1）occupy oneself/sb in doing/with sth 使自己/某人忙于某事
（2）occupied adj.　　忙于……的，从事……的；被占用的
be occupied （in） doing sth/with sth　　忙于（做）某事
keep sb occupied　　使某人忙碌
（3）occupation n.　　职业，工作；使用，占用
佳句 Late and raining heavily as it was， the rescue party still occupied themselves in searching for survivors.（情景描写）
尽管下着大雨，天也很晚了，救援队仍忙于搜寻幸存者。
联想 表示 “忙于做某事”的其他短语：be busy doing sth， be engaged in doing sth等。
circumstance n.条件，状况；（circumstances）境况，（尤指）经济 状况
练通 单句语法填空
① the circumstances， it becomes a matter of survival for the native language to reject outside influences.
写美 完成句子
② ， we will have a picnic in the park this weekend.
如果条件允许的话，我们这周末会去公园野餐。
In/Under　
If circumstances permit　
in/under the circumstances在这种情况下
in most circumstances　　在多数情况下
in/under no circumstances　　决不；无论如何不
if circumstances permit　　如果条件允许的话
佳句 Under no circumstances will they give up； they never have and never will.（主旨升华）
在任何情况下，他们都不会放弃，从前没有，以后也不会。
in view of 鉴于，考虑到
练通 用view的相关短语填空
①During the trip， we the blooming flowers， deep valleys and beautiful waterfalls.However， the heavy rain， we had to find a shelter as soon as possible.Fortunately， when we arrived at the peak of the mountain， a tiny cave .
写美 完成句子
② ， the event will have to be put off until next week.（告知信）
鉴于天气恶劣，活动将不得不推迟到下周。
had a good view of　
in view of　
came into view　
In view of the bad weather　
in view　在视野中
come into view　　进入视野，映入眼帘
in one’s view/from one’s point of view 在某人看来
have a good view of　　能清楚看到，很好地了解，饱览
be viewed as　　被视为
佳句 Recently， some of us have been filming short videos on campus.In my view/From my point of view， it can be a fun way to record campus life， but it also has its drawbacks.最近，我们中的一些人一直在校园 里拍摄短视频。在我看来，这是一种有趣的记录校园生活的方式，但 它也有其不足之处。
float vi.飘动，漂流；浮vt.使浮动，使漂流；轻盈走动；（景象、想 法）在眼前（或脑海中）浮现；传播
佳句背诵
①She relaxed， floating gently in the water.
她全身放松，轻轻漂浮在水中。（动作描写）
②She floated down the steps to greet us.
她轻盈地下楼来迎接我们。 （动作描写）
③Beautiful music came floating out of the window.（氛围描写）
美妙的乐声从窗口传出。
④An idea suddenly floated into my mind. （心理描写）
我脑海里突然浮现出一个想法。
靓句写作 几艘白色的小船，如几根雪白的羽毛，悠悠漂在蔚蓝的 海上。
A few white boats， like a few snow-white feathers， .（明喻）
floated gently on
this blue sea　
句型公式：“be of＋形容词/限定词＋抽象名词”用作表语
教材原句：Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts’ health.
花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康是至关重要的。
写美 完成句子/句型转换
①Many students will talk to their classmates because .
许多学生会和同学交流，因为他们年龄相仿。
they are of the
same age　
②From my point of view， raising people’s awareness of protecting oceans is of great importance.
→In my opinion， raising people’s awareness of protecting oceans .
（1）be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该名词的同根形容词be of great value＝ be very valuable。
（2）“be of＋size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality等抽象 名词”用于说明主语的特征，在句中作表语或定语，这类抽象名词 没有相应的形容词形式。
is
very important　
佳句 I hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you. （建议信）
我希望以上这些建议能对你有所帮助。
句型公式：as引导让步状语从句的倒装
教材原句：Splendid as the view of the Earth is， spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.
虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激 动人心。
写美 完成句子/句式升级
①Grandpa hummed an old folk song ， his fingers brushing the faded floral pattern gently.
爷爷一边擦拭着茶壶，一边哼着一首古老的民歌，手指轻轻拂过褪了 色的花纹。
as he wiped his teapot　
②Although the activity was challenging， everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it.
→ ， everyone enjoyed it and all the participants benefited a lot from it.（倒装句）
Challenging as/though the activity was　
as引导状语从句的用法：
（1）as引导方式状语从句，意为“如同；按照”；
（2）as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；一边……一 边……；随着”；
（3）as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”；
（4）as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，常用倒装语序， 可与though互换。although引导的让步状语从句不可倒装。
佳句 Strange as it might sound， his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
虽然听起来很奇怪，但他的想法被出席会议的所有人接受了。
高效迁移 微点练全
一词多义/熟词生义
1. gravity n.重力，地球引力；严重性；严肃
① Punishment varies according to the gravity of the offence.
②〔外研选必四〕With no gravity to push against， astronauts’ bones and muscles can become weak.
③ They were asked to behave with the gravity that was appropriate in a court of law.
n.
严重性　
n.重力，地球引力　
n.严肃　
2. discipline vt.严格要求（自己）；惩罚 n.纪律；自制力
① The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
② He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.
③The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed.
④〔人教选必三〕To reach the goal of change， a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.
n.纪律　
vt.严
格要求（自己）　
vt.
惩罚　
n.自制力　
3. comprise vt.包括，包含；组成，构成
①〔人教选必一〕The shelter is comprised of two large tunnels that were intended to one day become an extension of the London Underground.
②Run by the China National Space Administration， China’s space agency， it comprises three stages： orbiting， landing and returning.
vt.组成，构成　
vt.包括，包含　
4. Apparently， the speed of light is an important constant.
5. She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a risky move， but she decided to take the chance.
6. She has risen from humble origins to immense wealth.
7. Her new movie has had a lot of exposure in the media.
8. Despite being outdated， the tube television still holds some nostalgic value.

n.常数　
vt.认为　
n.出身　
n.报道　
n.显像管（电视）　

9. Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water，which is common knowledge.
10. Some scientists hypothesize that the monkeys rub their bodies with the millipedes because doing so helps protect them from mosquitoes.
n.氢　
n.蚊子　
单句语法填空
1. 〔人教选必一〕With their chins on their hands， they occupy （they） by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
2. 〔外研选必四〕These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet， even in the most extreme （circumstance）.
themselves　
circumstances　
3. 〔人教必修二〕It has received millions of （view） on the Internet.Since then，the virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon.
4. （2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）Program （evaluate） show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.
views　
evaluations　
单句语法填空
1. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）Feeling （motivate）， I started running regularly， but then two things happened.
2. To keep his restless students （occupy） with an indoor sport on rainy days，James Naismith created basketball.
3. It is vital that we （keep） informed of all developments.
4. Recent research has cast new light the causes of the disease.
motivated　
occupied　
（should） be kept　
on　
5. They’re proud of me and I’m very glad that I can be a good （assist） of my parents.
6. To us， the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans，which gives them a lot of （expose） to human facial expressions.
7. The only way to lose weight （permanent） is to completely change your attitudes toward food.
assistant　
exposure　
permanently　
　应用文增分练——探索太空
　　假定你是李华，最近，你班同学就“太空是否值得探索”这一话 题展开了一场讨论。请你写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况，内容包括：
　　（1）列举双方论点及论据；
　　（2）你的看法。
第一步　根据单元知识写美句
1. 近年来，随着多名航天员相继被送入太空，人类在太空探索领域取 得了令人惊叹的成就。（astronaut； with复合结构）

2. 一些人认为这个项目与我们的日常生活如此遥远，以至于我们可能 永远没有机会享受结果。（distant； 倒装句）

With many astronauts sent into space one after the other in recent years， humans have made awesome achievements in space exploration.
Some students think that so distant is the project from our daily lives that we may never get the chance to enjoy the outcome.
3. 一些学生认为太空探索是必不可少的，因为许多我们日常生活中司 空见惯的技术最初是为太空探索开发的。（vital；原因状语从句）

4. 无论成本如何，太空探索都是必要的，我们迟早会从中受益。（让 步状语从句）

5. 也许有一天太空旅行会成为一件显而易见的事。（plain to see）

Some believe that space exploration is vital because many technologies we are so accustomed to in our daily lives are originally developed for space exploration.
No matter what the cost is， space exploration is necessary and we will benefit from it sooner or later.
Maybe one day space travel will become plain to see.
第二步　连句成篇创佳作
　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右 的短文。
　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
参考范文：
　　With many astronauts sent into space one after the other in recent years， humans have made awesome achievements in space exploration.
　　Some students think that so distant is the project from our daily lives that we may never get the chance to enjoy the outcome.Some believe that space exploration is vital because many technologies we are so accustomed to in our daily lives are originally developed for space exploration.No matter what the cost is， space exploration is necessary and we will benefit from it sooner or later.Maybe one day space travel will become plain to see.
　读后续写微技能——画框里的梦想
积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接
词汇
积累 情感描写：challenging； magical； rewarding； hopeful； dangerous； precious； remarkable； curious； fascinated； motivated； inspired； amazing； incredible； wonderful； luxury； vital； significant； fundamental； alive
动作描写：float； attach； conduct； evaluate； learn； carry out； locate； track； check； clean； perform； test； monitor； repair； put on； head out； take
佳句
积累 场景描写： Splendid as the view of the Earth is， spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.
动作＋场景描写： During our leisure time， there’s nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by， taking pictures for our family and friends back home.
主旨升华： It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.
拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石
人物描写：外貌、性格、品格等
经典
词汇 1.slim adj.苗条的 2.charming adj.迷人的，有魅力的
3.handsome adj.英俊的，帅气的 4.knowledgeable adj.知识渊博的
5.optimistic adj.乐观的 6.easy-going adj.随和的
7.humorous adj.幽默的 8.outgoing adj.外向的
9.patient adj.有耐心的 10.generous adj.慷慨的
11.modest adj.谦虚的 12.selfless adj.无私的
13.well-educated adj.受过良好教育的
靓点语块 1.medium height 中等身材
2.thick eyebrows 浓眉
3.cherry lips 樱桃小口
4.be a little quiet 少言寡语
5.be a good talker 十分健谈
6.have a stubborn temper 脾气很倔强
出彩佳 句 1.During the time when we stayed， you were kind to me.You were humorous.You taught me how to speak English fluently.Without your kind help， I couldn’t have got the prize.
在我们逗留期间，你对我很好。你很幽默。你教我如何流利地说英语。如果没有你的帮助，我不可能获得这个奖项。
2.My cousin is of medium height， with thick eyebrows and cherry lips， but a little quiet.
我的表妹中等身材，浓眉大眼，樱桃小口，但是少言寡语。
重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升
　　场景导入：看着自己的绘画作品，詹妮满怀自信地去找妈妈……
　　1. （她的嘴角挂着微笑；with复合结 构）， Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to show off her new painting.
Her mother， 2.
With a smile on her lips　
who is of medium height and whose skin is as white as
（中等身高，皮肤雪白；外貌描写）， turned around and patiently looked at Jenny.Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting， and 3. （她的脸上露出灿烂的笑容；
snow　
a smile brightened her face　
并列句；神态描写）.She said， “Jenny， you paint really well.I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day.I’m so proud of you.” When Jenny pictured herself becoming a painter， 4. （她的大眼睛像宝石一样发光；神态描写；明喻） and a smile appeared on the corner of her mouth.
her big eyes shone like diamonds　
　　（全国卷Ⅱ，阅读D篇）Bacteria are an annoying problem
for astronauts.The microorganisms（微生物） from our bodies
grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space
Station， so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem？It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms， like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport， New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school class-rooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years， Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity， and they think they’re close to a solution （解决方案）.“We don’t give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers，”says Florence Gold， a project manager.
“There are no tests，” Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades， other than‘Are you working towards your goal？’ Basically， it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this
product and then， at the end of the year， present it to NASA. ’
Engineers come and really do an in-person review， and ...it’s not a very nice thing at times.It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact （影响） on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.”And that annoying bacteria？Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem， readying a workable solution to test in space.
做真题——感悟命题角度
32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station？
A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They appear in different forms. D. They damage the instruments.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此可推断，太空站里的细菌很难清除。
√
33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program？
A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D. To link space technology with school education.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起。
√
34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program？
A. Check their product.
B. Guide project designs.
C. Adjust work schedules.
D. Grade their homework.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的作品。
√
35. What is the best title for the text？
A. NASA：The Home of Astronauts
B. Space：The Final Homework Frontier
C. Nature：An Outdoor Classroom
D. HUNCH：A College Admission Reform
解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生。因此，B项适合作文章最佳标题。
√
理脉络——构建篇章思维
再利用——拓宽词句积累
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. bacteria n. 细菌
2. astronaut n. 宇航员
3. overcome v. 克服；战胜
4. gravity n. 重力；地球引力
5. review n. 审查；报告
6. project n. 项目；工程；计划
7. practical adj. 实际的；切实可行的
（二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇
1. engineer n.工程师；技师 [engine （n.）＋后缀-er]
2. strengthen v.加强 [strength （n.）＋后缀-en]
3. annoying adj.令人生气的；令人厌烦的 [annoy （v.）＋后缀-ing]
4. basically adv.大体上；基本上 [basic （adj.）＋后缀-ally ]
5. uncontrollably adj.无法辨认的；难以确认的 [前缀un-＋controllable （adj.）去e＋后缀-y]
6. relationship n.关系；关联 [relation （n.）＋后缀-ship]
（三）由文本知变式运用
1. 熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）break [熟义] v.打碎；打破
→[生义] n. （第二段第三句）
（2）present [熟义] n.礼物
→[生义] v. （第三段第四句）
2. 近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）solving＝ （第一段）
（2）relying on＝ （第一段）
（3）a group of＝ （第一段）
间歇；休息　
提交　
overcoming　
depending on　
a bunch of　
（四）由文本探析长难句
Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem， readying a workable solution to test in space.
分析： 本句为复合句。谓语says后接省略that的 从句；动词- ing短语readying a workable solution to test in space作 。
译文：
宾语　
状语　
戈登说，他的学生们每天都在给美国国家航空航天局的工程
师们发电子邮件，讨论这个问题，为在太空中进行测试准备一个可行
的解决方案。　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2026·江苏南通等市调研）In Morten Tyldum’s movie Passengers， characters Jim Preston and Aurora Lane are on a 120-year interstellar journey with 5，000 other people.Their destination： HomesteadⅡ， a new world to start their lives anew.To survive the travel， passengers entered hibernation （冬眠）， each one frozen in their own pod.However， something goes wrong and Jim and Aurora wake up 90 years too early.But what if we told you that hibernation for space travel is more likely to happen than the romantic story between Jim and Aurora？
　　Hibernation is a state in which living organisms slow down their metabolic （新陈代谢的） processes while maintaining essential functions.Once inside these pods， astronauts will get drugs to adjust metabolism， reduce core temperature， and cause inactivity.Once back on Earth， they will wake up and gradually readopt their normal functional metabolism.
　　For going to Mars， astronauts would require about 30 kg of food， water， air， and other supplies per day.Thus， hibernation can
significantly cut down on their essential needs.Additionally， hibernating
astronauts wouldn’t get bored， stressed， or lonely， and less time and space would be needed to help keep them fit or entertained.
　　But this is merely the theory.Space agencies are investigating whether reducing body temperature and later inducing （导致） metabolism is a more practical option， while most research projects are currently focusing on animals.The question is： how can we evoke hibernation in species that are not normally doing that？ And this is why the research on rats， not naturally hibernating animals， is interesting.Research on bears is also important since their body size is more relatable to ours.
　　The concept is not being considered for the forthcoming Mars mission， but for longer missions to farther destinations such as the outer planets， it could be a very useful technology.Hibernation for humans is an ethically controversial concept， and critics may consider it as a mad scientist’s dream.However， without such dreamers， humanity would still be in the Middle Ages.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空旅行中冬眠的 理论及其研究进展。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空旅行中冬眠的
理论及其研究进展。
1. Why does the author mention the movie Passengers？（　　）
A. To advertise a popular sci-fi space movie.
B. To introduce a new approach to long spaceflights.
C. To explore the possibility of settling another planet.
D. To reveal the potential dangers of long space travels.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可推知，作者提到电影《太空旅客》是为了引出下文关于太空旅行中冬眠这一话题，介绍一种长途太空飞行的新方法。
√
2. What happens to hibernating astronauts？（　　）
A. Their functional metabolism is disturbed.
B. They need more time and space for entertainment.
C. They lose the balance between basic needs and supplies.
D. Their physical and mental needs are reduced to a minimum.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，冬眠的宇航员基本需求会显著减少，也不会感到无聊、有压力或孤独，用于保持健康和娱乐的时间和空间也更少。由此推断，他们的身体和心理需求都被降到了最低。
√
3. What does the underlined word “evoke” in paragraph 4 mean？ （　　）
A. Initiate. B. Justify.
C. Define. D. Prioritize.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段最后两句可知，此处指我们如何让那些通常不冬眠的物种进入冬眠状态？由此猜测，画线词evoke意为“唤起，引起”。
√
4. What does the author think of hibernation for humans？（　　）
A. It may be a risky strategy.
B. It is a dream hard to realize.
C. It can advance social progress.
D. It challenges traditional moral values.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者认为人类冬眠在伦理上有争议，批评者可能会认为这是疯狂科学家的梦想，但如果没有这样的梦想家，人类可能还处于中世纪。由此推断，作者认为人类冬眠可以推动社会进步。
√
B
　　（2026·江苏南通期中）Earth is about to gain a new “mini- moon”， but it won’t stay around for long.The newly discovered asteroid （小行星） named 2024 PT5， will temporarily be captured by Earth’s gravity and orbit our world from 29 September to 25 November， according to astronomers.Then， the space rock will return to a heliocentric orbit， which is an orbit around the sun.“The asteroid is likely about 37 feet （11 meters） in diameter （直径）， but more observations and data are needed to confirm its size，” said lead study author Carlos.
　　The space rock could be anywhere between 16 and 138 feet in diameter， potentially larger than the asteroid that entered Earth’s atmosphere over Chelyabinsk， Russia， in 2013.About 55 to 65 feet in size， the Chelyabinsk asteroid exploded in the air， releasing 20 to 30 times more energy than that of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima， Japan， and generating brightness greater than the sun.
　　But as a mini-moon， Asteroid 2024 PT5 isn’t in any danger of colliding with Earth now or over the next few decades.The space rock will orbit about 2.6 million miles away， or about 10 times the distance between Earth and the moon.
　　“Whether an asteroid gets captured by Earth is independent of its size or mass， it only depends on its speed and trajectory （轨迹） as it approaches the Earth-Moon system，” said Robert， a specialist on solar system bodies.“At any given time， there is approximately one mini- moon in the Earth-Moon system， roughly the size of a dishwasher， but they are so difficult to detect and most of them go undiscovered during the time when they remain bound to Earth.”
　　Mini-moons can also be asteroids that come from the main asteroid belt， located between Mars and Jupiter， or they may be pieces of the lunar surface launched by asteroid impacts millions of years ago.Carlos and his colleagues plan to observe 2024 PT5 to collect more data and details.“Determining where they come from could help us understand the process of crater （坑） formation and how material is forced out from the Moon’s surface，” he said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新发现的一颗名为 2024 PT5的小行星。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新发现的一颗名为
2024 PT5的小行星。
5. What can we learn from 2024 PT5？（　　）
A. The asteroid will be captured by gravity for long.
B. The asteroid’s accurate size has yet to be confirmed.
C. 2024 PT5 has entered Earth’s atmosphere over Russia.
D. 2024 PT5 will stay around the Earth for about 3 months.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中Carlos所说可知，这颗小行星的确切大小还有待确认。
√
6. Why does 2024 PT5 cause no harm to the Earth？（　　）
A. It lacks the energy to destroy the Earth.
B. It is actively monitored by the specialists.
C. It is smaller than the Chelyabinsk asteroid.
D. Its trajectory avoids colliding with the Earth.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，2024 PT5不会对地球造成伤害，是因为它的轨道避免了与地球相撞。
√
7. Which statement does Robert agree with？（　　）
A. Many mini-moons always exist in the Earth-Moon system.
B. Mini-moons are detectable due to their dishwasher size.
C. Detection of mini-moons bound to Earth is challenging.
D. Capture of an asteroid enjoys independence of speed.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中Robert所说的话可知，Robert指出地月系统中的小卫星体积小，很难被探测到，大多数都没有被发现。由此推断，他的观点是探测与地球绑定的小卫星是具有挑战性的。
√
8. Why does Carlos plan to observe 2024 PT5？（　　）
A. To collect pieces of the lunar surface.
B. To observe mini-moons in the asteroid belt.
C. To perceive the process of crater formation.
D. To understand asteroid impacts on Moon’s surface.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中Carlos所说可知，Carlos计划观察2024 PT5是为了了解陨石坑形成的过程。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2026·浙江杭州一模）Six years as a space reporter taught me that chaos rules everything.Nothing is completely predictable or controlled.I have watched enough go wrong to know that no view of a celestial （天空 的） event is ever truly promised to us 　9　 on the earth.
　　So when my mother and I decided to drive out to Erie， Pennsylvania， to see the April 8 total solar eclipse （日全食） this year， I knew this would be a trip of two 　10　 attitudes.I’d be 　11　 about the weather and convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that
governs the world while my mom would have strong faith that order would 　12　 and the skies would let us glimpse an eclipse like this for the first time in our lives.I told her not to 　13　 the universe for this one； she told me she wouldn’t depend on anything else.
　　I was once again humbled into a 　14　 I’ve learned time and time again： Mama knows best.Erie’s forecast that morning was looking 　15　， but by the time first contact between the sun and the moon began a little after 2 p.m.， the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear.The pale yellow sun under the eclipse lenses rapidly crested （达 到顶峰）， concentrating into a 　16　 orange glow.
　　The eclipse 　17　 at 3：16 p.m.A thin white glow pierced out from the edge of a clean black circle.The sunset-like 　18　 glowed and bloomed in the distance.I could spot solar prominences （日珥） sticking out from the sides of the sun 　19　 slightly bright red and pink.Jupiter and Venus also played roles in this performance.It felt like bearing 　20　 to something close to a miracle.
　　Four minutes later， the eclipse 　21　.The sun brightened again.And the clouds 　22　 violently， swallowing up the moon and the sun and the sky in gray.But for four incredible minutes， the universe seems to have 　23　 a promise to my mother.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与妈妈一起去看日 全食的经历。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与妈妈一起去看日
全食的经历。
9. A. analysts B. observers
C. investigators D. astronauts
解析：根据上文可知，作者作为太空记者已经看过太多出错的情况，也就是作为观察者的经历，作者知道我们在地球上永远不能完全保证看到天体事件。
10. A. consistent B. conflicting
C. amusing D. agreeable
解析：根据下文可知，对于观看日全食这件事，我和妈妈有不一样的看法，所以是两种态度冲突的旅行。
√
√
11. A. optimistic B. confused
C. pessimistic D. curious
解析：根据空后的and convinced we’d be victims of the randomness that governs the world可知，作者认为会成为主宰世界的随机性的受害者，所以是持悲观态度。
12. A. win B. lose C. delay D. fail
解析：根据下文可知，作者和母亲的观点是相悖的，作者认为无序统治着世界，由此推断，妈妈认为我们会看到日食，所以是认为秩序会获胜。
√
√
13. A. feed on B. count on
C. take on D. settle on
解析：根据上文可知，作者对天气持悲观态度，所以认为不能指望宇宙（即天气）来实现这件事。
14. A. plan B. skill C. lesson D. practice
解析：根据上文以及文章末句可推知，作者从这件事中学到了一个教训，即“Mama knows best.”妈妈最了解。
√
√
15. A. usual B. average
C. beautiful D. terrible
解析：根据空后的but by the time first contact ...began to clear可知，但是下午两点多的时候，城市海湾上空的云层开始散去，but表转折，所以最初天气预报很糟糕。
16. A. fierce B. weak C. hazy D. dim
解析：根据空前的concentrating into可知，太阳迅速集中成炽烈的黄色光芒。
√
√
17. A. disappeared B. exploded
C. died D. struck
解析：根据下句可知，一道薄薄的白光从一个干净的黑色圆圈边缘射出，那么，就是日食开始发生了。
18. A. shapes B. sizes
C. colors D. scenes
解析：根据上句可知，日食发生时，天空的颜色会发生变化，可能会现出像日落一样的颜色。
√
√
19. A. in B. on C. with D. for
解析：根据空前的solar prominences （日珥） sticking out from the sides of the sun可知，日珥是从太阳两侧伸出的，所以是呈现微微发亮 的红色和粉红色。in后面可以加颜色。
20. A. tolerance B. relation
C. witness D. reference
解析：第三段最后一句描述了日食的壮观景象，此处指作者觉得像是在见证奇迹。bear witness to为固定搭配，表示“见证”。
√
√
21. A. continued B. progressed
C. ticked D. ended
解析：第四段第一句提到日食开始的时间，此处指四分钟后，日食结束了。
22. A. quit B. returned C. left D. faded
解析：第三段中的the clouds over the city’s bay began to clear说云层散尽，与现在云层又回来了形成前后对比。
√
√
23. A. made good on B. lost focus on
C. took account of D. kept track of
解析：根据第三段中的Mama knows best.以及第二段中的while my mom would have strong faith ...for the first time in our lives可知，这次 妈妈的话又应验了，此处指宇宙似乎对妈妈履行了承诺。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2026·湖南娄底、涟源两市模拟）Soon after the pre-sale event of a suborbital （亚轨道） space travel 24. 　　　　　　 （schedule） for 2027 by a Chinese company Deep Blue Aerospace， it is said that one of the buyers of the two tickets is a computer engineer， and the 1.5-million- yuan price of the ticket they sold is quite 25. 　　　　　　 （compete） compared with international peers （同行）.
　　The two passengers will be traveling in a suborbital manned spacecraft via the company’s reusable carrier rocket Nebula-1 to enter the edge of space， with the entire flight time 26. 　　　　　　 （last） about 12 minutes.
　　To ensure the safety of passengers， there 27. 　　　　　　 （be） a series of measures in place.For example， advanced rocket and spacecraft technologies will be employed to ensure 28. 　　　　　　 （stable） and reliability during the flight， along with 29. 　　　　　　 emergency escape system.
　　Meanwhile， passengers will receive professional training to enhance their response capabilities， and they will also undergo strict health checks in advance， 30. 　　　　　　 ensures they meet the physical requirements necessary for the demanding conditions of space travel.
　　Space tourism places 31. 　　　　　　 （relative） high physical requirements for passengers as they will face a number of challenges during the flight.Furthermore， the passengers need to be in good health 32. 　　　　　　 serious heart issues， blood pressure problems.
Additionally， their height and weight must fall within specific ranges 33. 　　　　　 　 （adapt） to the design and flight requirements of the spacecraft.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国深蓝航天公司 推出的亚轨道太空旅行预售活动。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国深蓝航天公司
推出的亚轨道太空旅行预售活动。
24. scheduled　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词is said，空处应为 非谓语，a suborbital space travel与schedule之间是被动关系，表示“亚 轨道太空旅行被安排”，应用过去分词scheduled作后置定语。
petitive　考查形容词。空处应用形容词作表语，compete的形 容词为competitive，意为“有竞争力的”。
26. lasting　考查非谓语动词。此处是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的 复合结构，the entire flight time与last之间是主动关系，应用动词-ing形 式lasting作宾语补足语。
27. will be　考查时态。句子表达了公司对未来安全保障的决心和计 划，应用there be句型的一般将来时结构there will be。
28. stability　考查名词。空处与reliability并列作ensure的宾语，应用 stable的名词形式stability，意为“稳定性”。
29. an　考查冠词。此处泛指一个紧急逃生系统，且emergency的发音 以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
30. which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前 面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。
31. relatively　考查副词。空处修饰形容词high，应用副词relatively作 状语。
32. without　考查介词。此处表示“没有严重的健康问题”，空处应 用介词without。
33. to adapt　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“为了适应”，应用动词不 定式作目的状语。

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