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Unit 7 Doing chores at home
重难语法突破
重难点一：现在进行时的含义与常见句型结构
[解析]现在进行时是英语的一种时态，表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态，其结构为“be动词+动词-ing”。常用来表示现在进行时的时间状语有:now, right now, at the moment, at present等;有时也会用一个准确的现在时间或 look/listen(置于句首，表示提醒别人注意正在发生的事情)，“Can't you see ... ”等暗示内容作为提示。常见的句型结构：
1.肯定句:主语+ be动词+动词-ing(+其他).
[例句] It's 6:30 in the morning. The cleaner is cleaning the street.
(现在)是早上6点半。那位清洁工正在扫大街。
2.否定句:主语+ be动词+ not+动词-ing(+其他).
[例句] Grandpa isn't playing with his mobile phone.祖父没有在玩手机。
3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+动词-ing(+其他)
[例句]—— Where are you buying clothes 你正在哪里买衣服
—— In the new clothes shop.在新开的这家服装店。
[典例剖析]按要求完成句子。
1. Mrs White is looking for her car key in the parking lot.(对画线部分提问)
Mrs White for in the parking lot
2. I'm running with my classmates on the track.(改为否定句)
with my classmates on the track.
点拨：第1小题，画线部分译为“她的小汽车钥匙”，寻找的是一个具体的事物，对具体的事物进行提问用特殊疑问词 what，后接“be动词+主语+动词-ing(+其他)”，故填 What is， looking。第2小题，将现在进行时的肯定句改为否定句，只需在 be动词后加上 not 即可,故填 I'm not running。
[反馈练习]单项选择。
( )1. Jim is from the UK. He about China these months.
A. learn B. learning C. is learning
( )2.— is your sister doing —— She is dancing.
A. What's B. What C. Where
( )3.— is your brother
— To the library. Because he wants a book about ladybirds.
A. What; doing B. Where; going C. Why; going
重难点二：现在分词的变化规则
[解析]现在进行时的主要结构为“be动词+动词-ing”，其中“动词-ing”指的就是“现在分词”。现在分词的变化规则如下：
变化规则 示例
大多数情况下 直接在动词词尾加-ing clean—cleaning, wash—washing
以不发音的e结尾的动词 去掉词尾的e，再加-ing make—making, write—writing
以 ie结尾的动词 变 ie为y,再加-ing lie—lying
以重读闭音节结尾的，且符合“辅-元-辅”结构的动词 双写词尾的辅音字母(w，x, y除外),再加-ing chat—chatting, sit—sitting
[典例剖析]用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Can't you see that the tadpoles(蝌蚪) (swim) in the stream
2.—— Where's the cat —— It (catch) mice in the attic(阁楼).
点拨：第1小题,根据句中的“Can't you see”可知,蝌蚪们“游泳”的动作正在进行,swim的现在分词形式是双写词尾的字母 m,再加-ing,故填 are swimming。第2小题,问句询问的是“猫在哪里”，答句告知了此刻猫的位置，并补充说明了在这个位置它正在做的事情, catch的现在分词形式是直接在词尾加-ing,故填 is catching。
[拓展]现在分词与动名词的区别：
现在分词和动名词虽然在形式上都是“动词-ing”，但两者在语法功能、用法和意义上存在显著区别。现在分词具有动词和形容词的性质，通常用来表示主动或正在进行的动作，在句子中不能充当谓语，但可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语；动名词具有名词的性质，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语，但不能充当状语。
[例句] 1. The two drivers are arguing on the road. 那两个司机正在马路上争吵。
2. Gardening is my hobby. 园艺是我的业余爱好。(这句话中的 Gardening为动名词，在句子中作主语)
[反馈练习]将方框中的动词按其现在分词的变化规则分类。
A.die B.fly C.get D.have E.ride F.talk G.tie H.stop
1. 双写词尾的辅音字母，再加-ing：
2. 变词尾的 ie为y,再加-ing:
3. 在词尾直接加-ing:
4. 去掉词尾的e,再加-ing:
易错辨析
易错点：wash 与 clean的区别
解析 两者都有“洗”的意思，区别在于 wash一般指用水(并搭配肥皂或其他清洁用品)进行清洗，以此去除物体表面的污垢或杂质；clean更侧重于通过物理或化学方法去除污垢，或通过擦拭、打扫等方式使环境变得干净、整洁。
[例句]1. These jeans need washing. 这条牛仔裤需要洗洗了。
2. The King family clean their house twice a week. 金一家每周打扫两次房子。
[典例剖析]选词填空。
1. The teachers are (cleaning/ washing) the windows in the classroom.
2. We should (clean/ wash) our hands before meals.
点拨：第1小题，“擦窗户”主要是通过擦拭的方式去除窗户表面的灰尘，故填cleaning。第2小题，“洗手”主要是指用水和其他清洁用品去除手上的污垢和细菌，而不是简单地通过擦拭或其他方式清洁，故填 wash。
[反馈练习]将 wash和 clean与对应的内容连线搭配。
· A. the fruit before eating
1. wash · · B. his glasses with a napkin(餐巾纸)
· C. away the stains(污渍) on the dress
2. clean · · D. up the classroom
· E. the kitchen after using it
情境阅读特训
家务是生活中不可缺少的一部分，亮亮和他的小伙伴们最近正在做一项有关家务的调查研究。
一、亮亮查找资料时发现西方国家的孩子们对家务的看法与中国孩子们的看法大不相同。选择合适的选项补全亮亮的发现。
主题：人与自我——生活与学习 话题：家务与零花钱
体裁：说明文 难度：★★★
In some Western countries, many children do chores to get pocket money(零花钱). They usually start to do this when they are ten years old. School students have many subjects to learn and lots of 1 to do. They don't have much free time on weekdays(周工作日). They often do chores at weekends. Young kids only do easy chores, so they don't get 2 money. 3 that's enough. Many of them only want to buy sweets. And sweets are cheap! They often help wash the dishes, sweep the floor or feed the pet cat or dog. When they are older, they want to buy more and more things. So they have to 4 ! They often help their parents wash the family car, cut the grass or cook meals. Doing some jobs is a good way for kids to 5 new things. For example, they can learn to use a lawnmower(割草机) or a stove(灶). Of course, their parents help them at first.
( )1. A. games B. homework C. jobs
( )2. A. much B. many C. little
( )3. A. Because B. And C. But
( )4. A. work out B. work hard C. study hard
( )5. A. make B. see C. learn
二、点点在网络上发起一条关于家务的讨论帖，许多网友参与其中。阅读讨论帖，选择正确的答案。
主题：人与自我——做人与做事 话题：家务与责任
体裁：应用文 难度：
Doing the housework is a way of showing responsibility(责任). Children should learn to help and care about their family by doing the housework. Diandian wants to know about it.
( )1. What kind of housework does Li Qi like to do for her mum
A. Hang the clothes up. B. Pick the parcels up. C. Make the bed.
( )2. Who thinks doing the housework is good exercise
A. Liu Ming. B. Wang Kai. C. Mrs Su.
( )3. Is Mrs Su's son good at doing the housework
A. Yes, he is. B. No, he isn't. C. We don't know.
( )4. How many people reply(回复) to Diandian's question
A. Zero. B. Five. C. Four.
三、图图发现劳动课上可以学到很多和家务有关的技能，并且就此询问了他的几位朋友。阅读材料，选择正确的答案并回答问题。
主题：人与自我——生活与学习 话题：劳动课与家务
体裁：记叙文 难度：★★★★
Hi, boys and girls. Are you ready to cook, clean or plant vegetables Students in primary schools now have Labour lessons. We get many skills(技能) and have a better life. We usually have many things to do in these lessons, and we get a lot of fun. Let's see how my friends feel!
Labour lessons make us happy. They help us be creative too. Because we may have new ideas and find new things when we work with our hands and brains.
( )1.为方框中的问号处选择合适的图片。
( )2. What does John do at weekends
A. He washes his clothes. B. He cleans his room. C. Both A and B.
( )3. Sarah learns from the Labour lessons.
A. how to cook B. how to take care of cats
C. the knowledge about vegetables
( )4. The underlined word“creative” means“ ” in Chinese.
A.有创造力的 B.乐于助人的 C.高效率的
5. What do you do in Labour lessons
主题写作提优
单元主题：
同学们，本单元我们学习了一些家务的英文表达和现在进行时的肯定句、特殊疑问句句型及其答语。请用本单元所学内容，根据图片提示，并适当发挥想象，描述一下 Sue 一家在家庭日当天做的事情。
思路点拨：
范文欣赏：
A happy Family Day
It's Sue's Family Day. Sue and her sister Jane go to visit their grandparents with their parents. Look!Grandpa is reading a story to Jane, and Jane is laughing happily. Sue is drawing a beautiful picture. She wants to give it to her grandparents as a gift. Dad is cooking delicious food in the kitchen. What is Mum doing She is helping Dad, and they are talking about how to make the food taste better. What about Grandma She is watering the flowers in the garden. She likes the beautiful flowers. What a happy Family Day!
小试身手：
今天是 Lily家的“家庭劳动日(Family Labour Day)”,Lily 全家都在做家务。请你根据所给的思维导图提示，发挥想象，描述一下 Lily 和她的家人正在做什么。
参考答案：
重难语法突破
重难精讲
一、1. C 2. B 3. B
二、1. C, H 2. A,G 3. B,F 4. D,E
易错辨析
1. A,C 2. B, D, E
情境阅读特训
一、1. B
2. A 解析根据前句“Young kids only do easy chores”可知，年幼的孩子只能做简单的家务活，所以不会得到太多的零花钱。故选 A。
3. C 解析根据后文可知，年幼的孩子只想要糖果，而糖果又很便宜，所以即使零花钱很少但已经足够，则此处表示转折,用 but连接。故选C。
4. B
5. C 解析根据后句“For example, they can learn to use a lawnmower or a stove.”可知，孩子们能在家务活中学到新事物。故选C。
二、1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C
三、1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A
5. I learn to plant flowers in Labour lessons.(答案不唯一)
主题写作提优
示例：
Today is Lily's Family Labour Day.Lily's family are all at home. They' re busy doing chores. Lily's grandfather and grandmother are cooking lunch for them. Lily's father is cleaning the windows of all rooms. Her mother is washing the clothes.Her sister is watering the flowers. They have many beautiful flowers in the garden. What is Lily doing She is sweeping the floor.Everyone is busy but very happy.

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