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杭州中考英语常考短语大全
根据杭州中考英语命题趋势，以下整理了最常考查的短语和搭配，按类别分类，方便记忆。
第一部分：高频动词短语
一、与副词或介词搭配的核心动词
look
look for 寻找
I am looking for my keys.
look after 照顾
She looks after her little brother.
look up 查阅
Look up the word in a dictionary.
look forward to 期待
I look forward to seeing you.
look like 看起来像 vs take after 指“（在长相、性格、行为上）像（长辈）”，相当于 resemble
He looks like his father. She takes after her mother.
look out 当心
Look out! There is a car!
take
take part in 参加
Many students took part in the activity.
take off 起飞或脱下
The plane took off at 8 a.m.
take care of 照顾
Take care of yourself.
take place 发生
The story took place in 1998.
take pride in 为...自豪
She takes pride in her work.
take turns 轮流
We take turns doing chores.
put
put on 穿上或上演
Put on your coat.
put away 收好
Put away your toys.
put off 推迟
Do not put off until tomorrow.
put out 熄灭
Put out the fire.
put up 张贴或搭建
Put up the posters.
turn
turn on 打开
Turn on the TV.
turn off 关闭
Turn off the lights.
turn up 调高
Turn up the radio.
turn down 调低或拒绝
Turn down the music.
turn into 变成
The caterpillar turned into a butterfly.
give
give up 放弃
Never give up!
give away 赠送
He gave away his old books.
give back 归还
Give back my pen.
give out 分发 =hand out
The teacher gave out the papers.
二、动词加 doing 或 to do 固定搭配
后接 doing 动词ing形式的动词：
enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
keep doing sth. 一直做某事
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
Stop sb from doing阻止某人做某事
Sb spend time/money doing sth某人花费时间/金钱做某事
后接 to do 不定式的动词：
want to do sth. 想要做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
plan to do sth. 计划做某事
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
learn to do sth. 学习做某事
afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
既可接 doing 又可接 to do 且含义不同的动词：
remember加doing 记得做过某事
remember加to do 记得要做某事
forget加doing 忘记做过某事
forget加to do 忘记要做某事
stop加doing 停止正在做的事
stop加to do 停下来去做另一件事
try加doing 尝试做某事（尝试是否可行）
try加to do 努力做某事
三、动词加某人加 do 或 doing 结构
感官动词看或听或感觉：
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（全过程）
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事
hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事
watch sb. do或doing sth. 观看某人做或正在做某事
使役动词：
make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
第二部分：常考介词短语
一、时间介词短语
at once 立刻或马上
at the same time 同时
by the time 到...时候
from time to time 不时或偶尔
in time 及时
on time 准时
once in a while 偶尔
so far 到目前为止
right now 立刻或此刻
in the end 最后或终于
二、地点或方位介词短语
in the front of 在内部的前面
The teacher stands in the front of the classroom.
in front of 在外部的前面
There is a tree in front of the house.
at the back of 在后部
He sits at the back of the room.
next to 在旁边
The bank is next to the post office.
across from 在对面
The library is across from the park.
on the left或right 在左边或右边
Turn left at the corner.
in the middle of 在中间
There is a table in the middle of the room.
三、其他常考介词短语
instead of 代替或而不是
because of 因为
thanks to 多亏了
according to 根据
as for 至于
except for 除了（将for后面的成分排除在外）e.g.The party was great except for the food
in addition to 除...之外还有=besides e.g. Besides English, she also speaks French.(2种都会)
in charge of 负责
in trouble 处于困境
on business 出差
第三部分：常考句型结构
一、It is加形容词加to do 句型
It is加形容词 for sb.加to do 对某人来说做某事是怎样的
It is important for us to learn English.
It is加形容词 of sb.加to do 某人做某事真是...
It is kind of you to help me.
二、比较级相关句型
as加原级加as 和...一样
He is as tall as his brother.
not so或as加原级加as 不如...那样
This book is not as interesting as that one.
比较级加and加比较级 越来越...
It is getting colder and colder.
the加比较级，the加比较级 越...就越...
The more you read, the smarter you get.
one of加the加最高级加名词复数 最...之一
Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities.
三、It 做形式主语或宾语的句型
It is said that... 据说...
It is said that the concert has been canceled.
It is known that... 众所周知...
It is known that Hangzhou is a beautiful city.
It is reported that... 据报道...
It is reported that 300 people lost their jobs.
It is believed that... 据信...
It is believed that the painting is authentic.
find或think it加形容词加to do 觉得做某事...
I find it easy to learn English.
四、其他常考句型
so加形容词或副词加that... 如此...以至于...
He runs so fast that nobody can catch him.
such加名词短语加that... 如此...以至于...
She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her.
too加形容词或副词加to do 太...而不能
He is too young to go to school.
enough加to do 足够...去做
She is old enough to drive.
would rather do than do 宁愿做...也不做
I would rather stay at home than go out.
prefer to do rather than do 更喜欢做...而不是
She prefers to read rather than watch TV.
第四部分：情景交际常用短语
一、提建议或请求
Could you please... 请你...好吗？
回答用 Sure. 或 Of course. 或 Sorry, I cannot.
Would you like... 你想要...吗？
回答用 Yes, I would love to. 或 I would love to, but...
Shall we... 我们...好吗？
回答用 Good idea. 或 Sounds great.
Why not do... 为什么不...？
回答用 That is a good idea.
What或How about... ...怎么样？
回答用 That sounds great.
Let us... 让我们...
回答用 OK. 或 All right.
You had better not do 你最好不做
回答用 OK, I will. 或 Sorry, I will not.
二、表示感谢或道歉
Thank you very much. 非常感谢
回答用 You are welcome. 或 My pleasure.
Thanks a lot. 多谢
回答用 Not at all. 或 That is all right.
Sorry. 或 I am sorry. 对不起
回答用 That is OK. 或 Never mind.
Excuse me. 打扰了或请问
根据不同情境回答。
三、寻求或表达观点
What do you think of... 你觉得...怎么样？
How do you like... 你觉得...如何？
In my opinion,... 在我看来...
I think或believe that... 我认为或相信...
As far as I know,... 据我所知...
To be honest,... 说实话...
From my point of view,... 从我的角度看...
第五部分：文化话题常用表达
根据近五年杭州中考英语命题趋势，文化类话题频繁出现，以下表达建议掌握：
春节 the Spring Festival
端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival
中秋节 the Mid-Autumn Festival
吃粽子 eat zongzi
龙舟赛 dragon boat race
赏月 enjoy the full moon
月饼 mooncake
剪纸 paper-cutting
书法 calligraphy
京剧 Peking Opera
国宝 national treasure
功夫 kung fu
第六部分：备考建议
一、按词性分类记忆。将动词短语、介词短语、句型分开记忆，形成知识网络。
二、结合真题练习。建议使用近三年到五年的杭州中考真题进行针对性练习。
三、注意一词多义。如 room 既是房间也是空间，take off 既是脱下也是起飞。
四、短语在语境中记忆。不要孤立背短语，把短语放进句子或短文中理解记忆效果更好。
五、错题本记录。将做错的短语题记录下来，定期复习，避免同样的错误反复出现。

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