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八年级英语下册Unit11单元短语句子语法汇总
短语 1.do with处理，对待 2. be confident about对…有信心 3.a collection of一批，一组，一集 4.Chinese kungfu 中国功夫 5.the flag-raising ceremony升旗仪 6.hot pot 火锅 7.the Silk Road丝绸之路 8.Chinese herbal medicine 9. introduce…to…把…介绍给 10.learn more about更多地了解 11.be ill生病 12.feel well感觉舒服 13. a part of….的一部分 14. be filled with充满，装满 15. in the middle of在…中间 16.choose one's own food选择某人自己的食物 17.put…into…把…放进… 18. spend time with sb和某人共度时光 19.be popular in+地点 在某地受欢迎 20. show one's love for.表达对…的爱 21. perform kungfu表演功夫 22. write a short play写一个短剧 23. play the erhu拉二胡 24. be excited about对…感到兴奋 25.the trade routes 贸易路线 26.perform lion dances表演舞狮 27. the president of…的社长 28.a symbol of…的像征 29.the spirit of…的精神 30.give up放弃 31. at special events在特殊的场合 32.be happy to do sth乐意做… 33.rely on依赖；依靠，信赖 34.transport…t.把…运输到某地 35.make a living谋生 36.pass down使世代流传；流传 37. be known as作为…而闻名 38.the Ancient Tea Horse Road茶马古道 39.the Shanxi Traders' Camel Road晋商驼道 40.for centuries几百年以来 41.the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal 京杭大运河 42.dress oneself自己穿衣服 43.free one's mind 放松心情；让头脑放空/清醒；释放思绪 44.many types of很多种 45.green/black/white tea绿茶/红茶/白茶 46.cool sb.down使平静；使感到凉快(或凉爽);使冷静；使冷淡 47.spring rolls春卷 48.climb onto爬上 49.cheer sb on为某人加油 50.have a pain in+the one's+身体部位名词 身体某个部位疼/痛 51.by chance偶然间 52.have a try试一试 53.no longer不再 54.as we know众所周知 e up to走到；接近；靠近 56.take the order点餐；点菜 57.roll sth up把…老起来 58. one…the other…一个…另一个… 59.Beijing roast duck 北京烤鸭 60.a pack of一包.... 61.Gongfu tea工夫茶 62.the Tang suit唐装 e into being出现；形成；产生 64.have a taste of尝一尝 65.in the eyes of sb.在某人眼里 66.long-life noodles长寿面 67.on one's birthday在某人过生日时 68.personal style个人风格 69.the beauty of……的美 70.Chinese calligraphy中国书法
句子 1.Why not join a sport club and learn Chinese kungfu. 为什么不加入一个运动俱乐部，学习中国功夫。 2.She can wear a qipao and introduce it to her foreign friends. 她可以穿旗袍，并向她的外国朋友们介绍它。 3.Li Ming's grandmother is ill and she doesn't feel well. 李明的奶奶生病了，她感觉不舒服。 4.Tomorrow is our National Day. Let's do something special. 明天是我们的国庆节。我们来做点特别的事情吧。 5.What do you think of it - I think it is beautiful. 你觉得它怎么样？——我觉得它很美。 6.The hot pot is a large pot filled with soup, and it is put in the middle of the table. 火锅是一个装满汤的大锅，它被放在桌子中央。 7.Sharing a hot pot meal is a wonderful way to spend time with family and friends. 共享一顿火锅大餐是与家人和朋友共度时光的美妙方式。 8.I love singing and I believe that some of our classmates can play the erhu or the pipa when I'm singing.我喜欢唱歌，而且我相信在我唱歌时，我们班有些同学可以拉二胡或弹琵琶。 9.Everyone is excited about acting and singing on Wednesday. 每个人都对周三的表演和唱歌感到兴奋。 10.People in Chinatown are performing lion dances to celebrate the Spring Festival. 唐人街的人们正在表演舞狮来庆祝春节。 11.Xunanxuan is the president of the Kung fu club in her school. 许南轩是她学校功夫俱乐部的社长。 12.Some want to be more confident through the practice of kungfu, because it teaches people to face difficulties bravely. 有些人想通过练习功夫变得更自信，因为它教会人们勇敢面对困难。 13.Still, others want to learn more about Chinese culture through kungfu, because it is a good symbol of Chinese spirit of never giving up.还有一些人想通过功夫更多地了解中国文化，因为它是中国人永不放弃精神的一个良好象征。 14.Now, Chinese women wear qipaos at special events like weddings. 如今，中国女性在婚礼等特殊场合穿旗袍。 15.The newly-married wife looks beautiful in qipao and the newly-married husband is happy to see that. 新婚妻子穿旗袍看起来很美丽，新婚丈夫看到这一点很高兴。 16.Everywhere they went, people welcomed Chinese culture and products warmly. 他们所到之处，人们都热情地欢迎中国文化和中国产品。 17.They relied on camels and horses to transport goods to northwestern China. 他们依靠骆驼和马匹将货物运往中国西北地区。 18.For the old man, trading on this route was not just for making a living; it was more about passing down the family tradition. 对这位老人来说，在这条路线上做生意不仅仅是为了谋生，更是为了传承家族传统。 19.Today, these routes are known as "the Silk Road", "the Ancient Tea Horse Road" and "the Shanxi Traders' Camel Road". 如今，这些路线被称为“丝绸之路”、“茶马古道”和“晋商驼道”。 20.These routes connect people and different cultures for centuries. 这些路线数世纪以来连接着人们和不同的文化。 21.People began to ship goods through the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal centuries ago. 数世纪前，人们就开始通过京杭大运河运输货物。 22.Confucius said, "To make a mistake and not correct it - this is a real mistake." 孔子说：“过而不改，是谓过矣。” 23.A Chinese saying goes "One kind word can make people warm in winter." 中国有句谚语：“良言一句三冬暖。” 24.We use hot water to make tea instead of cool water. 我们用热水而不是凉水来沏茶。 25.Hot tea can cool us down. 热茶能让我们凉爽下来。 26.I heard that there was going to be a show about the Silk Road there. 我听说那里将要有一场关于丝绸之路的演出。 27.Lingling says (that) she is learning to make spring rolls from her mom now. 玲玲说她现在正在跟妈妈学做春卷。 28.With a little push, they go up high, and their hair and skirts fly in the wind. 轻轻一推，她们荡得很高，头发和裙摆随风飘扬。 29.I had a pain in my right knee.我的右膝盖疼。 30.By chance,I learned that traditional Chinese zhenjiu may help treat the pain,and I decided to have a try.我偶然间了解到中国传统针灸可能有助于治疗疼痛，我决 定试一试。 31.After the doctor treated me five times,I no longer felt any pain in my knee.医生给我 治疗了五次之后，我的膝盖不再感到疼痛了。 32.The doctor examined my body and then gave me a pack of Chinese herbal medicine. 医生检查了我的身体，然后给我开了一包中草药。 33.As we know,tuina has a long history in China.众所周知，推拿在中国有着悠久的历史。 34.When we sat down in a nice restaurant,a waiter came up to take the order. 我们在一 家雅致的餐厅落座后，一位服务员便上前来点餐。 He told us that people use wood fire to roast the duck in a big oven. 他告诉我们这里 的烤鸭是用果木在一个大烤炉里明火炙烤的。 36.After some time,the duck came to our table.片刻之后，烤鸭便端上了桌。 37.He put some duck meat,duck skin,cucumber,spring onion and sweet sauce on a small pancake,rolled it up and gave it to him.他把鸭肉、鸭皮、黄瓜、葱和甜面酱放在 一个小煎饼上，卷起来递给他。 38.I’m sure you'll love it.我相信你会喜欢的。 39.Foreign people called the Chinese the Tang people,and their clothes the Tang suit. 外国人称中国人为唐人，称他们的服装为唐装。 People wear Tang suits in important events and use them as gifts to their foreign friends. 人们在重要场合穿唐装，并将其作为礼物送给外国朋友。 This is a good chance for both the locals and tourists to experience Chinese culture. 这对于当地人和游客来说都是体验中国文化的好机会。 People can learn about Chinese kung fu,wear qipaos,have delicious hot pot and even have a taste of Chinese herbal medicine. 人们可以了解中国功夫，穿旗袍，享用美味的火锅，甚至尝一尝中草药。 In the eyes of many people,the Chinatown is a symbol of China and Chinese culture. 在很多人眼里，唐人街是中国和中国文化的象征。 In China,it's a tradition for old people to eat long-life noodles on their birthdays because people believe that long noodles mean long life. 在中国，老人在过生日时 吃长寿面是一种传统，因为人们相信长寿面意味着长寿。 Calligraphy is one of the best-known traditional Chinese art forms. 书法是中国最著名的传统艺术形式之一。 Each movement of the brush shows the artist's personal style of creating calligraphy, and every piece shows the beauty of the Chinese characters and the language in its own way. 毛笔的每一次运笔都体现了书法家独特的个人风格，每一幅作品也都以各自独特的方式展现了汉字和汉语之美。
语法
一．词性转换
词性转换是英语构词法的重要形式，指词汇在不同语境中形态不变而词性发生转换的现象。其主要类型包括名词与动词、形容 词与动词、动词与名词之间的相互转换。
类型 用法 例词 例句
名词 ↓ 动词 工具名词 →使用工 具的动作 bottle 名词，意为“(细颈)瓶子”。 Let's collect bottles! 我们收集瓶子吧!
动词，意为“把(液体) 装入瓶中”。 She bottles fresh juice for her kids 她为孩子们装瓶新鲜果汁。
ship 名词，意为“(大)船；舰”。 There is a ship on the sea. 海上有一艘船。
动词，意为“船运”。 We can ship goods to many countries by sea. 我们可以通过海运把货物运到很多国家。
hand 名词，意为“手”。 Please hold my hand. 请抓住我的手。
动词，意为“交；给；递”。 Please hand me the book. 请把书递给我。
实体名词 →相关动 作 name 名词，意为“名字”。 What's your name 你叫什么名字
动词，意为“给……取名”。 My daughter named the cat“Cola”. 我女儿给猫取名“可乐”。
present 名词，意为“礼物”。 I want to buy a present for my son. 我想给儿子买一个礼物。
动词，意为“提出；提交”。 She presented him with a nice gift. 她送给他一份精美的礼物。
dress 名词，意为“连衣裙”。 There are all styles of dresses in the clothes store. 服装店里有各种款式的裙子。
动词，意为“给(某人) 穿衣服”。 Her mother dressed her in a new dress. 她妈妈给她穿上了新裙子。
形容词 动词 状态 →制 造状态 empty 形容词，意为“空的”。 The trash can is empty. 垃圾箱是空的。
动词，意为“倒空；变空”。 Please empty the trash can after dinner. 饭后请清空垃圾桶。
warm 形容词，意为“温暖的”。 Spring is warm. 春天是温暖的。
动词，意为“变暖和”。 The sun warms the earth. 太阳使地球变暖。
free 形容词，意为“自由的； 空闲的”。 I have free time today. 今天我有空。
动词，意为“使摆脱；释放”。 The bird was freed from the cage. 鸟从笼子里被放出来了。
动词 ↓ 名词 词形不 变，意义s 相近 work 动词/名词，意为“工作； 劳动”。 I work in a school. 我在一所学校工作。
I finished my work early today. 我今天早早结束了工作。
tudy 动词/名词，意为“学习； 研究”。 I study English every day. 我每天学习英语。
A healthy lifestyle is good for your study. 良好的生活方式对你的学习有好处。
reply 动词/名词，意为“回答； 答复”。 She didn't even bother to reply. 她根本就懒得回答。
They received a negative reply. 他们得到一个否定的回答。
词形不 变，意义 不同 change 动词，意为“改变”。 I need to change my plan 我需要改变我的计划。
名词，意为“找给的零钱”。 Here's your change. 这是找您的零钱。
walk 动词，意为“走”。 Let's go and walk the dog. 我们去遛狗吧。
名词，意为“散步”。 We took a walk我们散步了。
2)转换特征
(1)拼写形式保持不变；
(2)部分词汇存在重音变化，如record。 record/'rek rd/(n.)→/r'k :rd/(v.)
—His new record is available on CD or as a download.( 作名词)
他的新专辑可以通过购买CD或者网上下载获得。
—I see.我知道。
—You should record all your expenses during your trip. (作动词)
你应该记下你旅行中的所有开支。
—Good idea!好主意！
3)语义特征
转换前后词义保持逻辑关联。
tea(n.茶 ) → ×tea(v.) (无茶相关动 作) →无效转换
present(n.礼 物 ) → present(v.提出) →有效转换
My friend presented me a cute notebook as my birthday present.
朋友送我一本可爱的笔记本当作生日礼物。
二．that引导的宾语从句
that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。
一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法
1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　
She says that she will help me learn English this evening.她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。
②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：
He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。
③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：
I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。
2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较：
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
【特别提醒】
当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况：
引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。
I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。
【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：
That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。
①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；
We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。
6. 宾语从句的否定转移。
在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如：
①我认为今晚他不能来。
【误】I think he can’t come this evening.
【正】I don’t think he can come this evening.
②他认为我们现在不在教室里。
【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now.
【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now.
【特别警示】
含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：
I don’t think he is right, is he 我认为他不对，是吗？
He thinks I can come, doesn’t he 他认为我能来，是不是？
7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：
We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？
8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：
It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。

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