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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册人教版（2024）单元素养评价培优卷
Unit 7 A Good Read
温馨提示：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分120分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。
3.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。
4.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共65分）
一、选择填空（共10小题，计10分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．The boy was _______ for breaking the window, so he had to clean the classroom for a week.
A．praised B．punished C．thanked D．helped
2．Someone _______ my bike last night. I can’t find it this morning.
A．stole B．borrowed C．bought D．lent
3．The bad weather _______ us to stay at home all day.
A．made B．let C．forced D．had
4．This is a _______ novel. It tells a story that really happened in the past.
A．historical B．science C．modern D．funny
5．In my _______, reading is more interesting than watching TV.
A．idea B．opinion C．thought D．mind
6．—Have you _______ the new movie called The Wandering Earth
—Yes, it’s very popular.
A．hear from B．heard of C．heard from D．hear of
7．I like reading _______ because I enjoy stories about space travel and aliens.
A．love story B．historical fiction C．science fiction D．biography
8．The story is about a boy’s exciting _______ in the jungle.
A．adventure B．agreement C．advertisement D．advantage
9．—What are your plans for the summer holiday
—I plan _______ my grandparents in the countryside.
A．visit B．visiting C．to visit D．to visiting
10．When I ________, I want to be a doctor and help sick people.
A．grow up B．get up C．stay up D．wake up
二、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
Long ago, a tall oak tree (橡树) grew by the river. It was strong and 11 , with thick branches and deep roots (根). Around it grew many 12 reeds (芦苇). The oak often laughed at them. “You are too weak to survive any storm,” it said. The reeds remained quiet and did not answer.
One day, a terrible 13 came. The wind beat against the earth and the rain fell thick and fast. The oak stood straight and fought the storm with all its power. “Although I am alone, I am stronger than any wind!” it shouted. Around it, the reeds behaved 14 . They just bent (弯腰) down and let the wind pass over them. The oak laughed at them. “You don’t even 15 to face the storm!”
Suddenly, the storm turned much worse; the oak could not hold on anymore. Its roots were pulled out bit by bit and it finally fell into the river. The flood carried it away. The reeds, however, survived the storm safely. When the wind stopped, they 16 again, unhurt.
A few minutes later, the broken oak floated (漂浮) 17 the reeds. It was confused and asked around, “I am so strong, yet I fell. You are so weak, yet you survived. Why ” The reeds smiled gently and answered, “In this situation, we will break 18 we learn to bend. Even though we look weak, we know when to lower our heads. True wisdom is not about being the strongest, but just about knowing how to 19 according to the situation.”
The oak said 20 more and floated away. It finally understood: being too proud and refusing changes can bring bad results, but being humble (谦虚的) and wise keeps you safe.
11．A．curious B．happy C．proud D．friendly
12．A．strong B．thin C．heavy D．deep
13．A．drought B．snowstorm C．earthquake D．typhoon
14．A．similarly B．soundly C．differently D．terribly
15．A．dare B．stop C．volunteer D．forget
16．A．bent down B．went along C．woke up D．rose up
17．A．below B．above C．among D．between
18．A．whether B．unless C．if D．as long as
19．A．learn B．think C．change D．hide
20．A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing
三、阅读理解（共20小题，计40分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
When the children arrived at the tunnel, they looked up and saw something strange. The trees on the hill were moving down the hill! It was a landslide.
The children knew the trees would fall on the railway line. If the train hit the trees, there would be a big accident. They had to stop the next train. The next train was arriving at 11:29, only five minutes away, and it was just 15 kilometers from them.
“We can run towards the train and wave to the driver,” Phyllis said.
“He won’t think there is anything wrong,” Roberta said. “We always wave to him.”
“We need something red to wave,” Peter said. “Red is for danger.”
“My skirt is red,” Phyllis said. “I’ll tear pieces off.”
Phyllis tore strips (条) from the bottom of her skirt.
“We need sticks to tie the strip to,” Peter said.
The children ran to a nearby tree. With his knife, Peter cut off three thin branches (树枝). He tied each of the strips of red skirt to one of the branches.
“Now we have red flags,” he said. “When we wave these, the engine driver will know something is wrong. He will stop the train and ask us what the matter is.”
The children ran through the tunnel and waited at the other side for the train to come. When the train arrived, the children waved their flags. Roberta was so excited that she fainted (晕). The engine driver saw the red flags and stopped the train at once. All the passengers cheered for the children.
— Adapted from The Railway Children
21．How did the children realize the train was in danger
A．The train driver waved to them first.
B．Roberta fainted and they knew something was wrong.
C．They heard a warning sound from the railway station.
D．They saw the trees moving down the hill in a landslide.
22．Why did the children choose something red to stop the train
A．Because red meant danger.
B．Because red was their favorite color.
C．Because Phyllis’s skirt was red.
D．Because red was a traditional railway color.
23．What did the children use to stop the train
A．Self-made flags. B．Loud shouts.
C．Big branches. D．Colorful strips.
24．Which is the right order of the events
① The children waited for the train to come. ② Phyllis tore strips from her skirt.
③ The children prevented an awful accident. ④ The children saw trees moving down.
A．④①②③ B．②④①③ C．④②①③ D．①③②④
25．Which is the best title for this passage
A．How to Make Red Flags B．A Day at the Railway Station
C．Roberta’s Dangerous Adventure D．Three Brave Children Save a Train
B
A man walked into an elephant camp. He found that the elephants were not in cages (笼子) or tied (系) with heavy chains (铁链). Only a small rope was tied to one of their legs. This small rope stopped them from running away.
The man looked at the elephants. He wondered why the elephants didn’t break the rope and run away He thought elephants could do so, but they didn’t try at all.
Wanting to know the reason, he asked a trainer nearby.
“When they were young and small, we used the same kind of rope to tie them. At that age, it was enough to hold them. As they grew up, they still believed that they couldn’t get away. They believed the rope could still hold them, so they never tried to break free,” the trainer answered.
The man was speechless and surprised. These animals could have broken free whenever they wanted, but because of their past, they believed it was impossible.
How many of us think like these elephants Some believe we cannot do something simply because we couldn’t do it before. Failure is part of learning. It shouldn’t stop us from growing. If we failed once or a few times, it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying even when we experience failure in life.
26．Who did the man ask about the elephants
A．A doctor. B．A keeper. C．A trainer. D．A tourist.
27．Why didn’t the elephants try to break the rope
A．They were afraid of the trainer very much.
B．They thought the rope could still hold them.
C．They liked living in the camp.
D．They were too old to run away.
28．How did the man feel after hearing the answer
A．Shocked. B．Mad. C．Tired. D．Excited.
29．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Learning. B．Success. C．Failure. D．Experience.
30．What lesson does the writer want to tell us
A．Health is in our own hands.
B．One for all and all for one.
C．Fall seven times, stand up eight.
D．Put ourselves in others’ shoes.
C
Characters: Harry Potter, Dumbledore (the headmaster of a magic school)
Setting: One night, Harry Potter was sitting in front of the Magic Mirror (镜子) and looking at his family in it. Suddenly, Dumbledore spoke behind him.
“So,” said Dumbledore, “you, like other people, have found the joy of the Mirror.”
“I didn’t know it had magic, sir.”
“But I think you’ve noticed what it does by now.”
“It — well — it shows me my family — I have never seen them before.”
“And it showed your friend Ron himself as a top student.”
“How did you know — ”
“I don’t need a magic coat to become unseen,” said Dumbledore softly. “Now, can you think of what the Mirror shows us all ”
Harry shook his head.
“Let me explain. The happiest man on earth can use the Mirror like a common mirror, that is, he can look into it and see himself exactly (确切地) as he is. Does that help ”
Harry thought. Then he said slowly, “It shows us what we want... anything and everything we want....”
“Yes and no,” said Dumbledore quietly. “It shows us the deepest and strongest wish of our hearts. You, who have never known your family, see them standing around you in the Mirror. However, it will not give us knowledge or truth.”
“It doesn’t do to think too much about dreams and then forget to live. Remember that. I suggest that you go to sleep now.”
Harry stood up.
“Sir, can I ask you something What do you see when you look in the Mirror ”
“I I see myself holding a pair of thick wool socks.”
Harry didn’t understand.
“One can never have enough socks,” said Dumbledore. “Another Christmas has come and gone and I haven’t got a single pair. People always give me books.”
31．What doesn’t Dumbledore need to become unseen
A．The Mirror. B．A magic coat.
C．A Christmas gift. D．A pair of socks.
32．What does the Mirror show to people
A．The future life. B．The happiest moment.
C．The strongest wish. D．The knowledge and truth.
33．What does Dumbledore mean with the underlined sentence “It doesn’t do to think too much about dreams and then forget to live.”
A．We should work hard to make our dreams come true.
B．It is unwise to care much about dreams and miss real life.
C．It is impossible for wise people to give up beautiful dreams.
D．People can follow their dreams by learning and using magic.
34．Which of the following shows the right order of the story
a. Harry asked a last question. b. Harry talked about his family.
c. Dumbledore gave a suggestion. d. Dumbledore explained the Mirror.
A．b-d-c-a B．b-d-a-c
C．d-b-c-a D．d-b-a-c
35．Which of the following can describe Harry in the passage
A．Cold and impolite. B．Active and funny.
C．Naughty and careless. D．Friendly and curious.
D
In a small hole lived a young rabbit named Pip. Pip was afraid of many things: foxes, wolves, loud noises. But most of all, he feared storms. When the sky turned gray and the wind began to blow, Pip would hide (躲藏) in the deepest part of his hole, shaking. His mother would comfort him, “The storm will pass. It always does.”
One afternoon, Pip was far from home. The sky was blue. Everything was-peaceful. Then, without warning, the wind appeared. The air grew heavy. Pip’s ears went up. Storm was coming. He started running. But the storm was faster. Rain began to fall—first slow drops, then a flood. Lightning quickly split the sky: Pip froze. His legs wouldn’t move.
Then he heard a small squeak (吱). He looked around and saw a baby squirrel (松鼠), shaking under a leaf, alone and scared. Pip’s own fear was still there, but now there was something else too—a need to help. He hopped to the squirrel. “Follow me! I know a place!” Together, they ran. Pip led the squirrel to a hollow log (原木) he knew. They hid inside just as the rain poured down. For a long time, the squirrel pressed against him, shaking. But Pip didn’t shake anymore. He was too busy being brave for someone else.
When the storm passed and the sun came out, Pip led the squirrel back to its tree. His mother thanked Pip again and again. Pip hopped home.
His mother was waiting. “I was so worried,” she said.
“I’m okay,” Pip said. And he was. More than okay. He had faced the storm. Not because he wasn’t afraid, but because someone needed him to.
36．What was Pip most afraid of
A．Foxes. B．Wolves. C．Dark. D．Storms.
37．What would Pip usually do when the weather turned terrible
A．Hide himself. B．Run out of his hole.
C．Sleep under leaves. D．Sing with his mother.
38．Why could Pip get over his fear after he met the squirrel
A．Because the wind wasn’t strong enough. B．Because the squirrel found a safe place.
C．Because Pip’s mother came to find him. D．Because he needed to help the squirrel.
39．How did Pip probably feel at the end of the story
A．Upset. B．Lonely. C．Proud. D．Curious.
40．What can we learn from the story
A．Squirrels and rabbits are good friends. B．Helping others can let us grow.
C．People should put themselves first. D．People can easily overcome fears.
四、短文还原（共5小题，计5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever kept reading at night because you just couldn’t put a book down The rising action in a story is the events that cause trouble and get people interested. 41 That feeling makes you keep turning the pages until you reach the story climax (高潮).
42 For example, the rising action in The Three Little Pigs begins when the pigs set out and start making their own choices.
You may guess that two of the pigs are making a big mistake when they choose weak materials to build their houses. Small worries, along with the wolf hiding nearby, build suspense (悬念). 43 The tension grows each time the wolf blows down a house. The action keeps rising until the final fight between the third pig and the wolf.
44 In books, the rising action includes the decisions, past events, and character mistakes that move a story from the beginning toward the climax.
When you read a novel, pay attention to clues (线索) about future events. 45 This will help you understand how rising action develops in the books you read.
A．They give you that exciting feeling.
B．Think about the parts that make you feel nervous.
C．This example shows what rising action really means.
D．It is very easy to find the climax in every story you read.
E．As you read, you feel that the pigs are heading for big trouble.
F．Good reading habits can help you become a better story writer.
G．You can find rising action in many kinds of stories, from big novels to simple children’s tales.
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题；共55分）
五、词汇应用（共10 小题，计10分）
Long ago, there was a small village near a mountain. People in the village often 46 (argue) and fought over the things that they needed. And they thought working with others was awful.
One day, wise Alex came to the village. He wanted to teach the villagers about the 47 (important) of teamwork. He noticed 48 heavy stone in the middle of the village square. Alex told the leader of the village, “The stone is 49 (value). You can hold a meeting to tell the villagers about this. 50 the person can carry the stone to the top of the mountain, he can get it.”
At first, everyone was silent when they heard the news. But after a while, a strong villager stepped forward to have a try. His strong body was one of his 51 (strength). However, he failed. Then some other villagers tried one 52 one. They failed, too. Alex then advised them 53 (move) it together. The villagers followed the 54 (suggest). To the villagers’ surprise, they could 55 (move) the heavy stone finally.
Alex smiled and said, “Many hands make light work.” This task certainly played a key role in showing them the power of working together.
六、选词填空（共10小题，计10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一次，每次限用一次。
a recent nothing and success teach want do introduce in
If you love reading books, you must know about the book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain. The book is 56 . And it is popular among kids at home and abroad. Even if I am an adult now, I'm still a fan of this book. After re-reading the book 57 , I have learned an important lesson from Tom Sawyer.
In our daily lives, we are often given some boring 58 tiring tasks. Have you ever 59 to complain (抱怨) I think most people have.
Tom Sawyer, however, had 60 different thought when he was given a boring task. One day, Aunt Polly told Tom to paint the fence (篱笆). Tom was 61 his job when his friend Ben Rogers happened to pass by. Instead of complaining, Tom 62 the task and told him that he felt “excited” about it. “Only one in a thousand—maybe even two thousand—boys can do this!” Tom said.
Tom’s words made Ben become interested 63 the task. He even gave Tom his apple so that he could have a chance to paint the fence. If Tom had thought about 64 but complaining, he would have had a bad day painting the fence.
This story 65 me a valuable lesson: Complaining is useless.
七、阅读表达（共5小题，计10分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容回答问题，答案不超过10个词。
“It’s ready, doctor,” said Potter. “You’ll have to pay us five dollars more, or I’ll stay here.”
“That’s right!” said Indian Joe.
“What do you mean ” said the doctor. “I’ve already paid you.”
“Yes,” said Indian Joe. “But five years ago, you sent me away from your father’s kitchen when I came for something to eat. Your father had me jailed as a homeless person. I said I’d get my revenge. And now I’ve got you, and you’ll have to pay!”
He was threatening the doctor with his fist. The doctor suddenly knocked him to the ground. Potter shouted, “Hey, don’t hit my partner!” and soon they were fighting. Indian Joe got up and picked up Potter’s knife. The doctor got free, took a piece of wood, and knocked Potter down with it. At the same moment, Indian Joe saw his chance and pushed the knife into the young man’s chest. He turned round and fell down, partly on Potter, blood pouring out of the wound. Then clouds covered the moon, hiding the terrible sight. The two frightened boys ran away in the dark.
When the moon came out again, Indian Joe was standing over the two bodies. The doctor gave a last gasp and died. Indian Joe said to himself:
“I’ve had my revenge!”
Then he pulled out the knife and put it into Potter’s right hand. After three or four minutes, Potter began to move, then he sat up. He looked at the knife in his hand and let it fall in horror. He pushed the doctor’s body off him and gazed at it. His eyes met Joe’s.
“How did this happen ” he said.
“It’s a bad business,” said Joe without moving. “What did you do it for ”
66．Why does Indian Joe want to get his revenge on Dr Robinson
67．How did the doctor knock Potter down
68．Who killed Dr Robinson
69．Why did Joe say the underlined sentence
70．What do you think of Joe
八、书面表达（共1题，计25分）
71．为了倡导同学们暑期多读书，读好书，学校英语社团最近正在开展以“Growing up with reading”为主题的英语征稿活动。请根据以下要点和要求写一篇文章，向社团投稿。
要点：
1. 阅读的好处；
2. 自己的读书经历；
3. 表达感受。
要求：
1. 内容包括所有要点，可作适当补充；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
3. 词数80左右。(标题已给出，不计入总词数)
Growing up with reading
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：这个男孩因为打破窗户被惩罚，所以他不得不打扫教室一周。
praised表扬；punished惩罚；thanked感谢；helped帮助。根据“breaking the window”可知是做错事，结合“had to clean the classroom for a week”可知是承担后果，推测出他是被惩罚了。
2．A
【解析】句意：昨晚有人偷了我的自行车。今天早上我找不到它了。
stole偷；borrowed借；bought买；lent借出。根据后半句“I can’t find it this morning.”可知自行车不见了，推测是被偷了。
3．C
【解析】句意：糟糕的天气迫使我们整天待在家里。
made使；let让；forced迫使；had让。make、let、have后接省略to的不定式（sb. do sth.），force后接带to的不定式（sb. to do sth.）。根据句中“us to stay”可知，此处动词后需接带to的不定式作宾补，只有forced符合结构要求。
4．A
【解析】句意：这是一本历史小说。它讲述了一个过去真实发生的故事。
historical历史的；science科学；modern现代的；funny有趣的。根据“It tells a story that really happened in the past.”可知，这本书讲述的是过去真实发生的故事，符合历史小说的特征，historical符合语境。
5．B
【解析】句意：在我看来，阅读比看电视更有趣。
idea主意；opinion观点；thought思想；mind头脑。固定短语in one’s opinion意为“在某人看来”，用于引出个人观点，符合语境。
6．B
【解析】句意：——你听说过这部叫《流浪地球》的新电影吗？——是的，它很受欢迎。
hear of听说；hear from收到……的来信。根据句首“Have”可知，句子为现在完成时，动词需用过去分词形式；再结合答语“Yes, it’s very popular.”可知，此处是询问是否听说过这部电影，heard of符合语境。
7．C
【解析】句意：我喜欢读科幻小说，因为我喜欢关于太空旅行和外星人的故事。
love story爱情故事；historical fiction历史小说；science fiction科幻小说；biography传记。根据“because I enjoy stories about space travel and aliens”可知，太空旅行和外星人的故事属于科幻小说题材，science fiction符合语境。
8．A
【解析】句意：这个故事是关于一个男孩在丛林里令人兴奋的冒险。
adventure冒险；agreement协议；advertisement广告；advantage优势。根据“The story”和“in the jungle”可知，故事通常讲述的是丛林冒险经历。
9．C
【解析】句意：——你暑假有什么计划？——我计划去乡下看望我的祖父母。
plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，固定搭配，此处应用动词不定式to visit。
10．A
【解析】句意：当我长大后，我想成为一名医生并帮助生病的人。
grow up长大；get up起床；stay up熬夜；wake up醒来。后半句“I want to be a doctor and help sick people.”提示，这是关于未来职业的规划，通常是在“长大”之后实现的。
11．C 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文讲述骄傲自大的橡树嘲讽柔弱的芦苇胆小怕风暴，狂风来袭时橡树固执硬抗最终折断倒下，而芦苇懂得低头避让安然存活，借此告诉我们太过骄傲固执不懂变通易招致祸患，懂得谦逊审时度势才是真正的智慧。
【解析】11．句意：它强壮，还十分骄傲，长着粗壮的枝干和深深的树根。
根据后文橡树嘲笑芦苇“你们太弱了”，可知橡树自傲，proud“骄傲的”正确。curious“好奇的”、happy“快乐的”、friendly“友好的”均与嘲笑他人的行为不符。
12．句意：在它周围长着许多细芦苇。
芦苇通常细弱，thin“细的”符合。strong“强壮的”与后文“weak”矛盾；heavy“重的”、deep“深的”不修饰芦苇形态。
13．句意：一天，一场可怕的台风来了。
后文描述狂风暴雨，typhoon“台风”正确。drought“干旱”、snowstorm“暴风雪”、earthquake“地震”与“雨下得又大又急”不符。
14．句意：在它周围，芦苇表现得截然不同。
橡树奋力抗争，而芦苇弯腰让风过去，行为不同，differently“不同地”正确。similarly“相似地”与行为相反；soundly“酣畅地”、terribly“可怕地”不合语境。
15．句意：你们甚至都不敢直面这场暴风雨！
橡树嘲笑芦苇不敢抗争，dare“敢”后接不定式，符合。stop“停止”、volunteer“自愿”、forget“忘记”均无法表达“不敢”。
16．句意：当风停后，它们再次挺直身躯，安然无恙。
芦苇原本弯腰，风停后重新挺立，rose up“直立起来”正确。bent down“弯下”与风停后的状态矛盾；went along“前进”、woke up“醒来”不合逻辑。
17．句意：几分钟后，折断的橡树漂浮在芦苇丛中。
橡树被冲到芦苇丛中，among“在……之中”正确。below“在下方”、above“在上方”、between“在两者之间”均不准确。
18．句意：身处这样的处境，我们除非学会低头退让，否则就会被折断。
根据逻辑“除非学会弯曲，否则会折断”，unless“除非”正确。若用if“如果”则句意相反；whether“是否”、as long as“只要”不符合。
19．句意：真正的智慧不是最强，而是懂得如何根据情况改变。
根据情况改变自己，change“改变”正确。learn“学习”、think“思考”、hide“隐藏”均不符合“弯曲”的寓意
20．句意：橡树无言以对，漂走了。
它不再说话，said nothing more“没再说任何话”正确。everything、anything、something均不符合“沉默离开”的结局。
21．D 22．A 23．A 24．C 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《铁路边的孩子们》。文章讲述了三个孩子（Phyllis, Roberta, Peter）在隧道口目睹山体滑坡，预见到火车即将面临的危险。他们急中生智，用Phyllis的红裙子和树枝制作成红色旗帜，成功拦停了火车，避免了一场重大事故，展现了孩子们的勇敢与智慧。
21．根据文章第一段“When the children arrived at the tunnel, they looked up and saw something strange. The trees on the hill were moving down the hill! It was a landslide.”以及第二段“The children knew the trees would fall on the railway line. If the train hit the trees, there would be a big accident.”可知，孩子们是通过看到山体滑坡，意识到火车处于危险之中的。
22．根据文章第五段Peter所说“We need something red to wave,” Peter said. “Red is for danger.”可知，孩子们选择红色的东西来拦停火车是因为红色代表危险。
23．从文章第六段“Phyllis tore strips (条) from the bottom of her skirt.”、第八段“The children ran to a nearby tree. With his knife, Peter cut off three thin branches (树枝). He tied each of the strips of red skirt to one of the branches.”以及第九段“‘Now we have red flags,’ he said.”可知，孩子们用的是自制的旗帜来拦停火车。
24．事件的正确顺序为：④孩子们看到树木移动（第一段）；②Phyllis从她的裙子上撕下布条（第六段）；①孩子们等待火车到来（倒数第二段）；③孩子们阻止了一场可怕的事故（倒数第二段火车司机看到红旗停车）。所以顺序是④②①③。
25．全文讲述了三个孩子发现山体滑坡后，用自制红旗成功拦停火车、避免事故的故事。
26．C 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了大象被细绳束缚的故事，并传递了不要被过往失败限制的道理。
26．第三段提到：“Wanting to know the reason, he asked a trainer nearby”，可知男人向驯象师询问了原因。
27．第四段驯象师提到原因：“As they grew up, they still believed that they couldn’t get away. They believed the rope could still hold them, so they never tried to break free”，说明大象认为绳子依然能困住自己，所以不去尝试挣脱。
28．第五段提到“The man was speechless and surprised”，表明男人听完答案后感到惊讶，与A选项“Shocked”意思一致。
29．划线词所在句“Failure is part of learning. It shouldn’t stop us from growing”中，“It”指代前一句的主语“Failure”。
30．最后一段点明主旨：“ We should never give up trying even when we experience failure in life”，直接说明即使经历失败，也不应放弃尝试，要永不言弃。C选项“Fall seven times, stand up eight（屡败屡战）”与这个道理契合。
31．B 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了邓布利多向哈利·波特揭示厄里斯魔镜的本质，告诉哈利魔镜只能反映人内心最深处的渴望而不能给予真实的知识，并教导他不要沉湎于虚幻的梦想而忘记了现实生活。
31．根据文章第七段：“I don’t need a magic coat to become unseen”，原文明确提到邓布利多不需要“a magic coat”一件魔法外套来隐身，这直接对应了选项B。
32．根据文章倒数第七段“It shows us the deepest and strongest wish of our hearts.”原文指出魔镜展示的是“我们内心最深和最强烈的愿望”，这与选项C“The strongest wish”表述一致。
33．划线句子在原文倒数第六段，“It doesn’t do to think too much...”这句话的字面意思是“过多思考梦想然后忘记去生活是不行的”。意指如果一个人总是沉浸在虚幻的梦想（对魔镜的注视）中，就会忽略现实生活中的美好。选项B“It is unwise to care much about dreams and miss real life.”即过于在意梦想而错过现实生活是不明智的，准确地转述了这一含义。
34．通读全文，梳理逻辑顺序。b. Harry talked about his family.（第四段：“It—well—it shows me my family...”）哈利首先提到魔镜展示了他的家人；d. Dumbledore explained the Mirror.（第九段：“Let me explain...”）接着邓布利多开始向哈利解释魔镜的本质；c. Dumbledore gave a suggestion.（倒数第六段：“I suggest that you go to sleep now.”） 解释完后，邓布利多建议哈利去睡觉；a. Harry asked a last question.（倒数第四段：“Sir, can I ask you something ...”）最后哈利又提出了一个问题。根据上述事件的发生顺序，正确顺序是b-d-c-a。故选A。
35．文章中提及哈利不断向邓布利多提问（例如“How did you... ”等），表现出强烈的求知欲和好奇心（curious）；他对一系列的问题，回答时候，对长辈礼貌（friendly），没有粗鲁或无礼的表现。选项D“Friendly and curious”最能准确概括他的性格特点。
36．D 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文讲述了小兔子Pip最害怕暴风雨，但为了帮助一只小松鼠，他克服恐惧、变得勇敢的故事。
36．第一段明确指出害怕的事物：“But most of all, he feared storms.”，说明Pip最害怕的是暴风雨。
37．第一段提到暴风雨来临时Pip的做法：“When the sky turned gray and the wind began to blow, Pip would hide (躲藏) in the deepest part of his hole, shaking.”，说明天气变糟糕时Pip通常会躲起来。
38．第三段提到Pip克服恐惧的原因：“Pip’s own fear was still there, but now there was something else too—a need to help.”，说明Pip遇到松鼠后能克服恐惧是因为他需要帮助松鼠。
39．最后一段提到Pip的感受：“And he was. More than okay. He had faced the storm. Not because he wasn’t afraid, but because someone needed him to.”，说明故事结尾Pip可能感到自豪。
40．从整个故事来看，Pip因为帮助松鼠克服了自己的恐惧，说明我们能从故事中学到帮助别人能让我们成长。
41．A 42．G 43．E 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了文学作品中情节上升的含义、作用、常见载体，结合《三只小猪》举例说明，并给出阅读时识别该写作要素的方法。
41．前文介绍情节上升是制造麻烦、引发兴趣的事件，后文提到这种感受会让人不停翻书直到故事高潮。 A选项“They give you that exciting feeling.”承接前文概念，衔接后文阅读感受，逻辑通顺。
42．后文以《三只小猪》举例说明情节上升，G选项“You can find rising action in many kinds of stories, from big novels to simple children’s tales.”引出下文例子，起到总起作用。
43．前文提到小猪用脆弱材料建房是重大失误，附近有狼制造悬念。E选项“As you read, you feel that the pigs are heading for big trouble.”承接前文，渲染紧张氛围，贴合情节上升的特点。
44．前文完整举完《三只小猪》的例子，C选项“This example shows what rising action really means.”总结上文例子，引出下文对书籍中情节上升的讲解。
45．前文提到阅读小说时留意未来事件的线索，B选项“Think about the parts that make you feel nervous.”承接上文阅读方法，帮助理解情节上升的发展方式。
46．argued 47．importance 48．a 49．valuable 50．If 51．strengths 52．by 53．to move 54．suggestion 55．move
【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述了智者Alex通过“搬石头”的任务，让习惯争吵、不懂合作的村民体会到团队合作的力量，最终明白“众人拾柴火焰高”的道理。
46．句意：村里的人们经常为需要的东西争吵和打斗。根据前文“Long ago”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。argue的过去式为argued，符合语境。
47．句意：他想教村民团队合作的重要性。“the importance of...”是固定短语，意为“……的重要性”，此处需用important的名词形式importance，符合“teach the villagers about...”的语境。
48．句意：他注意到村庄广场中央有一块很重的石头。stone是可数名词单数，且“heavy”以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，表示“一块很重的石头”。
49．句意：这块石头很有价值。此处需用value的形容词形式valuable作表语，描述石头的属性，“be valuable”意为“有价值的”，符合语境。
50．句意：如果谁能把石头搬到山顶，他就能得到它。此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，需用if，句首单词首字母大写。
51．句意：他强壮的身体是他的优势之一。“one of+可数名词复数”是固定结构，意为“……之一”，strength的复数形式为strengths，符合语境。
52．句意：然后其他村民一个接一个地尝试。“one by one”是固定短语，意为“一个接一个地”，符合村民依次尝试的语境。
53．句意：Alex建议他们一起搬石头。“advise sb. to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“建议某人做某事”，需用move的不定式形式to move，符合语境。
54．句意：村民们听从了这个建议。此处需用suggest的名词形式suggestion，且根据前文“the”可知，特指Alex的建议，用单数形式即可，符合“follow the suggestion”的语境。
55．句意：令村民惊讶的是，他们最终搬动了这块大石头。情态动词“could”后接动词原形move，符合“could+动词原形”的结构，描述村民成功搬动石头的结果。
56．successful 57．recently 58．and 59．wanted 60．a 61．doing 62．introduced 63．in 64．nothing 65．teaches
【导语】本文介绍了马克·吐温的著作《汤姆·索亚历险记》以及作者从汤姆身上学到的重要一课：抱怨是没有用的。当汤姆被要求刷篱笆时，他没有抱怨，而是把任务说得很有趣，成功让朋友本主动用苹果换取刷篱笆的机会。
【解析】56．句意：这本书很成功。空格处需要填一个形容词作表语，方框中的“success”的形容词形式是“successful”，意为“成功的”，符合句意，故填“successful”。
57．句意：在最近重读这本书之后，我从汤姆·索亚身上学到了重要的一课。空格处需要填一个副词修饰动词“re-reading”，方框中的“recent”的副词形式是“recently”，意为“最近”，符合句意，故填“recently”。
58．句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们经常被赋予一些无聊且令人疲惫的任务。空格连接两个形容词“boring”和“tiring”，表示并列关系。方框中的“and”意为“和/并且”，符合句意，故填“and”。
59．句意：你是否曾经想过抱怨？“have/has + 过去分词”构成现在完成时，表示“曾经做过某事”。方框中的“want”的过去分词是“wanted”，“want to do”意为“想要做某事”，符合句意，故填“wanted”。
60．句意：然而，当汤姆被赋予一项无聊的任务时，他有一个完全不同的想法。空格处需要填一个冠词修饰“different thought”，“different”为辅音音素开头，故选“a”。
61．句意：汤姆正在做他的工作时，他的朋友本·罗杰斯碰巧路过。空格前“was”与动词的现在分词构成过去进行时，表示“正在做”。方框中的“do”的现在分词是“doing”，意为“做”，符合句意，故填“doing”。
62．句意：汤姆没有抱怨，而是介绍了这项任务，并告诉本他对此感到“兴奋”。空格处需要填一个动词过去式作谓语，方框中的“introduce”的过去式是“introduced”，意为“介绍”，符合句意，故填“introduced”。
63．句意：汤姆的话让本对这项任务产生了兴趣。“become interested in”是固定短语，意为“对……产生兴趣”，符合语境，故填“in”。
64．句意：如果汤姆只想着抱怨而不是别的事情，他刷篱笆的一天就会很糟糕。“nothing but”是固定短语，意为“除了……什么也没有/只有”，这里“thought about nothing but complaining”意为“只想着抱怨”，故填“nothing”。
65．句意：这个故事教给我宝贵的一课：抱怨是没有用的。空格处需要填一个动词作谓语，表示“教给”，选“teach”。最后这句是对一般事实的描述，句子应该是一般现在时，主语是“The story”，谓语应该用第三人称单数形式，故填“teaches”。
66．Because the doctor’s father jailed him. 67．With a piece of wood. 68．Indian Joe. 69．To make Potter think he killed the doctor. 70．He is cruel, dishonest, and not a good person.（答案不唯一）
【导语】本文讲述了乔为报复五年前罗宾逊医生的父亲将自己赶出厨房并送进监狱，在与医生的冲突中趁机将其杀害，并试图将凶器塞进波特手中以嫁祸于他的故事。
【解析】66．第四段提到“But five years ago, you sent me away from your father’s kitchen when I came for something to eat. Your father had me jailed as a homeless person. I said I’d get my revenge.”，说明乔想要报复是因为医生的父亲曾把他赶出厨房并送进监狱。
67．第五段提到“The doctor got free, took a piece of wood, and knocked Potter down with it.”，说明医生用一块木头将波特打倒在地。
68．第五段提到“Indian Joe saw his chance and pushed the knife into the young man’s chest”，其中“the young man”指罗宾逊医生，所以是乔杀死了医生。
69．最后一段中的“It’s a bad business”是乔在波特醒来后说的话。乔明知是自己杀了医生，却假装不知情并反问波特“What did you do it for ”，目的是将杀人罪名嫁祸给波特。
70．本题为主观开放题，答案不唯一。结合文中乔的行径（记仇报复、杀人、嫁祸他人）做出合理评价即可。
71．
Growing up with reading
Reading is important for everyone. It not only helps us learn new things but also helps us relax.
I love reading very much. Here is my reading experience. I started reading when I was a child. I’ve read more than 20 books. My favorite book is The Old Man and the Sea. It teaches me never to give up. To read better, I always take notes. This helps me understand stories deeply. I keep reading every evening.
Reading is a lifelong journey. Let’s find joy in every book!
【解析】写作步骤
【第一步：审题立意】
确定文体：这是一篇记叙文，用一般现在时为主、一般过去时为辅
明确要点：阅读的好处、读书经历、个人感受
确定人称：第一人称（I/my）
注意事项：文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称
【第二步：构思布局】
三段式结构：
开头段：总体介绍读书的重要性及益处
主体段：介绍自己的读书经历及个人感受
结尾段：发出倡议，让大家在读书中寻找乐趣
【第三步：要点展开】
要点一：阅读的好处
helps us learn new things/helps us relax/helps us manage our time/open our eyes/bring us happiness等
要点二：读书经历
读书时间：started reading when I was a child/began to read at the age of seven等
读书数量：read more than 20 books/read many kinds of books等
最喜欢的书及原因：The Old Man and the Sea/teaches me never to give up/The Little Prince/tells me to keep kindness and never lose heart等
读书习惯：always take notes/Reading in a quiet and comfortable place等
要点三：个人感受
Reading is a lifelong journey/Reading makes me wiser and more patient等
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