资源简介

(共17张PPT)
Unit 6　课时作业(三)
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.Her income is not 　　　 　 (充足的) to support her family.
2.She is calm and resourceful in an 　　 　　(紧急情况).
3.The Hurricane Centre warns people not to take the 　　　　(威胁) of tropical storms lightly.
4.Luckily,the little girl was 　　　 　(营救) from the fire by a kind-hearted man.
5.According to statistics,the earthquake which happened in midnight
　　　 　(夺去) more than 20,000 lives.
sufficient
emergency
threat
rescued
claimed
6.You can ask Mary to look after your baby on weekends—she’s very
　　　 　(可靠的).
7.It had been an 　　 　　(极其) difficult week.
8.Lily pronounced the word very slowly and 　　 　　(准确地).
9.We cannot 　 　　　(预测) what will happen in the future,but we can create miracles with our hands.
10.The rabbit was running for the 　　　　 (庇护) of the trees.
reliable
exceptionally
precisely
forecast
shelter
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.As a child I was　 　　　 (surround) by love and kindness.
2.After listening to the speech,I felt 　　 　　 (inspire) and ready to take on new challenges.
3.During the sandstorm,he closed the windows tightly to shelter 　　　the flying sand.
4.The following day she felt 　　 　　(sufficient) well to go to work.
5.The severe drought is 　　　 　(threat) the food supply of this area.
surrounded
inspired
from
sufficiently
threatening
6.As soon as the magician waved his wand,the scarf flew 　　　　 his hand and transformed into a pigeon.
7.The experienced chef cut the vegetables into tiny pieces 　　　seconds.
8.The workers still kept on 　　　 　(work) in the river even though the water was icy.
9.My mother reminded me 　　　 　 (call) my doctor to make an appointment.
10.I have yet 　　　　(hear) Tom’s version of what happened.
off　
in
working
to call
to hear
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.She was walking along the street,lost in thought,when　　　　　　　(霎时间),she heard someone call her name.
2.As the sun set,the blue sky 　　　　　　　　　(变成了) a canvas (画布) of orange and pink hues.
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(留心交通信号灯)when crossing the road to prevent accidents.
all of a sudden
turned into
Look out for the traffic lights
4.　　　　 　　　　　　　　(这个小男孩正在读小说) when the electricity was cut off.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(不管我遇到什么问题),my father always listens to me patiently and encourages me to face them bravely.
The boy was reading a novel　
Whatever problems I come across
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　For humans,adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology.More air conditioning,better-designed houses and bigger flood defences may help lessen the effects of a warmer world.However,animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour.In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution,a team led by Sara Ryding,a professor in Australia,shows that is already happening.In some species of Australian parrots,for instance,beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871.Similar trends are seen in species of mice and bats growing bigger ears,tails,legs and wings.
All that fits nicely with evolutionary theory.“Allen’s rule”,named after Joel Allen,who suggested it in 1877,holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附加物) than those in mild areas.
Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume,helping it to get rid of additional heat.Fennec foxes,meanwhile,
which are native to the Sahara Desert,have strikingly large ears,especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ryding’s team combined data from different species in different places.Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet,climate change is the most reasonable explanation.Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs,it is unclear how far the process might go.Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding,for instance.
Larger wings are heavier,and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
Honestly,studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening.For now,at least,the increase is small,never much more than 10%.That may change as warming accelerates.Every little bit of avoided future temperature increases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章具体叙述了气候变化与动物进化之间的联系。
(　　)1.Why do some species grow bigger parts of their bodies
[A]Because they are following the new trends.
[B]Because they have to adapt to warmer climate.
[C]Because scientists need them to do experiments.
[D]Because larger parts tend to help them feed well.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However,animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour.”可知,有些物种的某些部位长得更大是因为它们必须做出改变以适应更温暖的气候。故选B。
(　　)2.Where may warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts
[A]In mild areas.
[B]In hot places.
[C]In the Arctic.
[D]In deserted regions.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知,生长在炎热地区的温血动物可能会长出相对更大的身体部位。故选B。
(　　)3.What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs
[A]It comes at a cost.
[B]Its cause is definite.
[C]It happens in the same habitat.
[D]Its process will end soon.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后两段,尤其是倒数第二段最后两句的叙述可知,动物身体部位的变化是有代价的。故选A。
(　　)4.What can be a suitable title for the text
[A]Living on a Warming Planet
[B]Measures to Remove Heat
[C]Pioneering Research on Animals
[D]Evolution to Survive Heat
D
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“However,animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour.”以及全文叙述可知,文章具体叙述了气候变暖与物种进化的联系。D项符合题意。故选D。(共36张PPT)
Unit 6　课时作业(四)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.erupt
(分值:52.5分)
单元知识综合练
A.v. (火山)爆发　B.v.突然发出(尤指叫喊) C.v.(斑点等)突然(在皮肤上)出现
①A rash has erupted on my back.　　　
②The volcano could erupt at any time.　　　
③When I saw the size of the bill,I simply erupted and became quite angry.
　　　
C
A
B
2.claim
A.v.要求(拥有);索取;认领　B.v.宣称;声称 C.v.获得;赢得
①She has finally claimed a place on the team.　　　
②It was claimed that many people were trapped in the mountain because of the landslide.　　　
③If the owner doesn’t claim the dog in 48 hours,you can apply for adoption.　　　
C
B
A
3.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
①Knowledge of French is a plus in her job.　　　　　　　
②The price of property has risen enormously since January.　　　　　　
③During the conference,he sat in the seat immediately in front of me.
　　　　　　　
④The animal shelter is filled with dogs and cats waiting for adoption.
　　　　 　　　
n.优势,长处　
n.房地产　
adv.紧接
n.收容所,庇护所
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
How to prepare for a wildfire
Wildfires can severely damage the ecosystem.They can burn vast amounts of vegetation,leaving countless animals and plants without habitats.Wildfires also pose a great threat to human life.They can destroy houses and infrastructure,forcing residents to evacuate (撤离) urgently,
resulting in huge economic losses.So it is crucial to prepare for wildfires in advance.
To do this effectively,it’s very important to understand how wildfires operate.Many people think wildfires destroy homes because a wall of flames (火焰) moves across the landscape.1.　　　.Now that you know what a wildfire is,here’s how you can protect your home and your family.
2.　　　.
Creating a defensible space around your home acts as a barrier against wildfire flames.Home hardening involves using fire-resistant materials in construction.Investing in these measures significantly lowers the risk of wildfire damage to your home.
G
E
Remove dead tree branches.
Similar to dry leaves,dead tree branches are dry,which means they can catch fire easily.If you have any branches hanging from trees or lying in your yard,remove them as soon as possible.The same rule applies when removing dead tree branches:3.　　　.
A
Create an evacuation plan.
Families should make an evacuation plan and practise it well before an emergency occurs.Knowing when to leave and being able to evacuate quickly is crucial.4.　　　.Then plan your primary and alternative evacuation routes,and prepare emergency supplies and store them in an easily accessible location.
F
Make sure gutters (水槽) are made of metal.
5.　　　.Fix metal gutter covers to reduce leaf litter and windblown debris.This will reduce the risk of flammable materials (可燃物质) catching fire and spreading to your home.Avoid using a pressure washer on the gutters as it can damage them or tear them off completely.
B
A.Do not store them close to the house
B.Replace plastic gutters with metal ones
C.Things we all have are around our homes
D.It’s important to keep away from wildfires
E.Build defensible spaces and harden your home
F.Set a meeting place for all family members first
G.Actually,it’s tiny windblown things that destroy most of them
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了预防野火的几个措施。
1.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据设空处前一句可知,很多人对野火有误解,认为是火墙摧毁了房屋。由此可推知,此处应陈述真正摧毁房屋的是什么。G项符合语境。故选G。
2.【答案】 E
【解析】 此处为小标题,应概括本段主要内容。根据下文可知,本段主要建议我们建造一个防御空间并用耐火材料加固家。E项符合语境。故选E。
3.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“The same rule applies when removing dead tree branches”可知,此处要补充说明另一个类似的防火建议。A项符合语境,即不要把枯树枝储存在房屋附近。故选A。
4.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据设空处下文中的“Then”可推知,此处说明撤离的第一个步骤,
F项符合语境。故选F。
5.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据设空处下文内容可知,本段主要建议人们要使用金属水槽。B项符合语境,同时引出下文内容。故选B。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
　　Ronald Handel lived on a farm in California.He owned two Great Pyrenees mountain dogs who 　1　 his eight goats.It was their 　2　 to protect the goats from wolves in the California mountains.In 2017,when the wildfires in the distance were 　3　,Handel hurried to get his 　4　 and the dogs into the car so they could evacuate.
One of the dogs,Odin,　5　 to ignore his doggy duty.He 　6　 down with the goats,and stared at Handel,as if to say,“I’m not 　7　.” Handel waited as long as he could for Odin to come around,but they had to go,
because they 　8　 that parked cars a few yards behind them were filled with flames,and heard explosions from oil tanks.
After the flames were put out,Handel and his young daughter did not
　9　 to find anything when they returned to their 　10　.But to their surprise,Odin was 　11　 there.He and the goats were slightly 　12　.Odin managed to bring them all to 　13　,despite the fact that everything else around them was completely destroyed by the fire.Odin was limping (一瘸一拐),and very 　14　,so Handel knew that Odin had been on an adventure of his own to save his 　15　.If only dogs could talk.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了大火中有一条忠诚的狗不离不弃看护羊群的故事。
(　　)1.
B
【解析】 根据下一句“It was their 　2　 to protect the goats from wolves in the California mountains.”可知,Handel家的狗的工作是看护(took care of)山羊。故选B。
[A]caught sight of
[B]took care of
[C]got along with
[D]kept away from
(　　)2.
C
【解析】 根据第二段的第一句可知,看护山羊是两条狗的职责所在,是工作(job)。故选C。
[A]demand
[B]right
[C]job
[D]nature
(　　)3.
A
【解析】 根据下文可知,远处的野火越来越近(approaching)。故选A。
[A]approaching
[B]going out
[C]withdrawing
[D]slowing down
(　　)4.
D
【解析】 根据第三段的第一句可知,野火逼近时,Handel把女儿(daughter)带上了车。故选D。
[A]goats
[B]devices
[C]wife
[D]daughter
(　　)5.
A
[A]refused
[B]offered
[C]continued
[D]chose
【解析】 根据下文可知,Odin自始至终都在履行自己的看护职责,拒绝(refused)逃离工作岗位。故选A。
(　　)6.
C
【解析】 根据语境可知,此处指Odin和山羊躺(lay)在一起。故选C。
[A]broke
[B]fell
[C]lay
[D]came
(　　)7.
B
【解析】 根据语境可知,Odin不准备和主人一起乘车离开(leaving)。故选B。
[A]frightened
[B]leaving
[C]acting
[D]alone
(　　)8.
D
【解析】 根据下文“heard explosions from oil tanks”可知,此处指他们发现(spotted)身后的车子着火了。故选D。
[A]argued
[B]explained
[C]understood
[D]spotted
(　　)9.
D
【解析】 根据上文及语境可知,连汽车都被引燃了,没有什么可以逃过这场大火,所以Handel和他的女儿没有抱任何期待(expect)。故选D。
[A]hesitate
[B]forget
[C]agree
[D]expect
(　　)10.
C
【解析】 根据第一段的第一句可知,Handel住在一个农场里。大火过后,他们应该是返回农场(farm)。故选C。
[A]car
[B]company
[C]farm
[D]village
(　　)11.
A
【解析】 根据语境及“But to their surprise”可知,事情发生了转折,Odin依然(still)活着。故选A。
[A]still
[B]even
[C]already
[D]instead
(　　)12.
A
【解析】 根据语境可知,此处指狗和山羊只被轻微灼伤(burnt),并无大碍。故选A。
[A]burnt
[B]disappointed
[C]grabbed
[D]criticised
(　　)13.
B
【解析】 根据语境可知,Odin引导山羊去了安全(safety)的地方,才不至于被大火吞噬。故选B。
[A]happiness
[B]safety
[C]land
[D]life
(　　)14.
B
【解析】 根据上下文及语境可知,Odin在这次大火中带着山羊逃生的经历令它十分疲惫(tired)。故选B。
[A]nervous
[B]tired
[C]curious
[D]energetic
(　　)15.
D
【解析】 根据上文的语境可知,Odin一直不忘看护着山羊,引导山羊到安全之处,说明它将山羊视作自己的朋友(friends)。故选D。
[A]home
[B]owner
[C]workmates
[D]friends
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
假设你是校英文报记者李华,你校上周五邀请市搜救队的工作人员举办了一场关于安全救援的讲座。请你用英语为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:
1.讲座的目的、时间和地点;
2.讲座的内容;
3.活动反响。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
A Lecture on Rescue Work
[写作指导]
　　One possible version:
A Lecture on Rescue Work
In order to enhance our safety awareness,our school held a lecture on rescue work in the school hall from 3 to 5 pm last Friday.
The lecture was delivered by Mr Wang,a professional rescuer from the City Search and Rescue Team.During the lecture,Mr Wang first shared some of his rescue experiences and then provided many practical tips on how to survive natural disasters and other emergencies.In the end,Mr Wang conducted an interactive question and answer session where students and teachers actively participated.
This activity was a great success and was highly praised by both students and teachers present.(共21张PPT)
读后续写小练
(分值:50分)
读后续写(共2题;每题25分,共50分)
Ⅰ.阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(25分)
Finally,the bell rang.“Don’t forget to practise your class presentation at home!” Miss Bella cried as everyone started talking and packing their school bags.Jessy felt sick.She hated having to read aloud in class.She was sure everyone got really bored listening to her.Once,when Jessy was reading out her holiday diary,Lee was even looking at his watch,a silver and blue one which seemed just magical.
Jessy watched Lee walk ahead of her as they left school.He seemed so clever,and he had a certain sort of shining confidence.He was just one of those people who were good at everything.Jessy sighed.As she turned the corner,she saw Lee’s watch lying right in the middle of the path.
Jessy knew she should just pick it up and return it to him,but she didn’t want to run after him.Jessy bent down quickly,picked up the watch and ran home.On arriving home,Jessy put it on almost without thinking.She was surprised it fitted so well.She walked to the mirror and started practising her speech.Words just flooded out of her.“I’m going to talk about swimming.I have been lucky.I’ve won lots of competitions.But when I’m in a race,I’m not really thinking about winning.I’m just loving the feeling of being in the water...” Jessy laughed with excitement.She walked across the room.She suddenly seemed to have a certain sort of confidence.Turning back to the mirror,Jessy saw a flash of light from the watch in the glass.The flashes of silver seemed almost magical.So maybe Lee’s watch really did have something magic about it.
　　The next day,as the lesson began,Miss Bella asked who was going to be brave and go first.Nobody moved.Jessy slowly raised her arm.Before Miss Bella could say anything,there was a shout from behind.“She’s stolen my watch!” Lee said angrily,“It went missing at school yesterday.”
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Everybody was fixing their eyes on Jessy,waiting for an explanation.
Paragraph 2:
Miss Bella smiled and asked the class to listen to Jessy’s speech first.
Ⅱ.阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(25分)
Peter woke up early in the morning.He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible.
“Why are you in such a hurry,early bird ” Mum asked him.“We will have an English spelling test today,Mum,” Peter said.“Mr White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores.I’ve been studying the word list since last week.Although the words are difficult,I am well prepared for them.”
Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school.At last,it was time for the students to have the test.“The first word—responsibility,” Mr White started.Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently.
“The second one:contribution,” Mr White said.
“So easy,” Peter thought.He quickly wrote the word down.
Thirty words later,the test papers were collected by Mr White.“I am to mark your papers now,” he told the class.After marking the test papers,Mr White said,“Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores.Peter,
David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test!”
Mr White praised them.Meanwhile,he gave the three students each a dictionary—the one Peter liked best.Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered.“This is my happiest moment,” Peter thought.
After Mr White gave the test paper back,Peter had a look at the words,feeling proud of his spelling.All of a sudden,the word “contribusion” confused him.It didn’t seem right.Peter began to compare them after taking out the word list.“C-O-N-T-R-I-B-U-S-I-O-N,” he whispered.He spelled it wrong.
“What am I to do ” Peter said to himself.“I expect my classmates to think I’m a master of spelling.If I tell Mr White one of my spelling words is wrong,I’ll have to give my prize back,or I’ll become an example of telling a lie.”
Staring at the full marks written on his test paper,Peter was lost in thought.After a while,he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him,“We ought to be an honest person.”
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Slowly,Peter raised his hand.
Paragraph 2:
Peter looked around.(共78张PPT)
Part 2
Developing ideas—Reflection
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　 n.飓风
2. n.所有物,资产,财产
3. n.庇护,掩蔽
4. n.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)
写作词汇
hurricane
property
shelter
threat
1.billion num.
2.lap n.
3.nowhere adv.
4.otherwise adv.
5.helicopter n.
6.mosquito n.
7.midnight n.
8.county n.
阅读词汇
十亿
(坐着时的)大腿部
什么地方都不,无处
否则,要不然
直升机
蚊子
子夜,午夜
(美国等国家的)县;(英国的)郡
拓展词汇
adj.足够的,充足的→sufficiency n.足量,充足→sufficiently adv.充分地;足够地
sufficient
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.fly off　　　　　　
2.all of a sudden
3.come down
4.turn into
5.in seconds
6.go up and down
飞走
霎时间
落下;降落
变成
瞬间
来来往往
7.look out for
8.even though
9.have yet to
10.be surrounded by
留心寻觅;注意,留心;关照
尽管
还没有
被……环绕
重点句型
1.I in my room with my cat,Smartie,on my lap,
.(be doing...when...)
当时我正坐在自己房间里,猫咪斯玛蒂趴在我腿上,突然屋顶就飞走了。
2.He had disappeared .(the moment引导时间状语从句)
风暴袭来的那一刻它就失踪了。
was sitting
when the roof just flew off
the moment the storm hit
3.But Mom said that ,we should always try to see the good side of things.(whatever引导让步状语从句)
不过妈妈说不管发生什么,我们都应该尽量看到事情好的一面。
4.Although it was only a few days ,it felt like months.(before引导时间状语从句)
虽然几天后我们就获救了,但却觉得像是过了好几个月。
whatever happens
before we were rescued
5.Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans,
.(独立主格结构)
现在我们又能仰望新奥尔良的星空了。星空的美鼓舞着我们,让我们有信心继续前行。
their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境类型:人与自然——自然灾害及其防范和应对措施。
2.语篇类型:个人故事。
3.课文内容分析:
课文从一个孩子的视角记述了一个美国家庭遭受“卡特里娜”飓风袭击后的遭遇,表达了团结一心战胜灾害的决心和对未来生活充满希望的乐观的人生态度。阅读本文有助于学生体会作者在经历自然灾害前后的境况变化和相关心理感受变化,有利于培养学生对自然灾害的自我反思意识及乐观积极面对自然灾害的生活态度。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
Introduction
river
tough
positive
rebuild
chance
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What sort of attitude towards life is reflected in the author’s experience of looking up at the night sky
[A]Positive.
[B]Negative.
[C]Indifferent.
[D]Hopeless.
A
(　　)2.How is the passage developed
[A]By using examples.
[B]By analysing causes.
[C]By making comparisons.
[D] By following the time order.
D
(　　)3.What is the type of the text
[A]A biography.
[B]A narrative.
[C]An exposition.
[D]An argumentation.
B
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.keep on (doing sth) 继续(做某事)
[教材原句] But as Mom kept on reminding us,we were all together and safe.
不过就像妈妈一直提醒我们的那样,我们全家人都在一起而且平安无事。
例　(读后续写之动作描写)They kept on practising dancing,lost in the rhythm of the music.
他们继续练习跳舞,沉浸在音乐的节奏中。
例　(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Ho recognises the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital.
Ho医生意识到,帮助住院患儿保持与医院外同龄人的同步成长,能带来显著的心理益处。
keep up with...跟上……;与……保持同步
归纳拓展
keep sb at a distance 对某人冷淡,与某人保持一定距离
keep up with...跟上……;与……保持同步
keep up 坚持;维持;保留/沿袭(风俗、传统等)
keep away from 不靠近/远离
keep off 不靠近;避开;(使)不接近
keep (sth) in mind 记住(某事)
[语境运用] 语段填空
　　During the hiking trip,I found it hard to 　　　　　　　　　　 (跟上队伍) at first.But I didn’t give up and 　　　　　　　　 (继续行走).When we passed through the marshland (沼泽地),our guide told us to
(避开它) and 　　　　　　　　　　　 (远离) the potentially dangerous plants.We 　　　　　　　　　　 (把他的话牢记在心).Finally,we managed to reach the destination.
keep up with the team
kept on walking
keep off it
keep away from
kept his words in mind
2.remind v.提醒;使想起
·reminder n.引起回忆的事物,提醒人的事物
[教材原句] But as Mom kept on reminding us,we were all together and safe.
不过就像妈妈一直提醒我们的那样,我们全家人都在一起而且平安无事。
例　(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Neighbours will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.
邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪,还会来到我的门口,提醒我下雨的时候要关上车窗。
例　The old photo album reminded her of those carefree childhood days.
那本旧相册让她想起了无忧无虑的童年时光。
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind sb of sb/(doing)sth 提醒/使某人想起某人/(做)某事
归纳拓展
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind sb that/wh-从句 提醒/使某人想起某事
remind sb of sb/(doing)sth 提醒/使某人想起某人/(做)某事
常见的“v.+sb+of sth”的短语还有:
cure sb of sth 治好某人的病
accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物
inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(读后续写之心理描写)The medal around his neck wasn’t just a prize—it was a shining 　　 　　 (remind) that he had overcome his fears.
This abstract painting reminds me 　　　　 a stormy sea.
The mother reminds the little boy 　　　　 (finish) his homework before dinner.
The sight of the empty bookshelf reminded the mother
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (她需要给她的孩子们买一些新书).
reminder
of
to finish
that she needed to
buy some new books for her children
3.inspire vt.鼓舞;激励;启发思考;使产生(感觉或情感)
·inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
·inspired adj.备受鼓舞的;受启发的
·inspiration n.灵感;鼓舞人心的人或事物
[教材原句] Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans,their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on.
现在我们又能仰望新奥尔良的星空了。星空的美鼓舞着我们,让我们有信心继续前行。
例　The story of the disabled athlete inspired the little boy to never give up his dream.
这位残疾运动员的故事激励着这个小男孩永不放弃自己的梦想。
例　The design of the building was inspired by the ancient architecture.
这座建筑的设计是从古代的建筑风格中得到的启发。
inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
be inspired by...受……启发/激励
归纳拓展
·inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
inspire sb with sth 用……激励/鼓舞某人
be inspired by...受……启发/激励
·draw inspiration from...从……中汲取灵感
inspiration to/for sb 对某人的激励/鼓舞
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(话题写作之活动介绍)The environmentalist’s lecture inspired the students
　　　　 (start) a recycling programme at their school.
The artist inspired the audience 　　　　 creativity through his unique art exhibition.
The film-maker was inspired 　　　　 a true story to create his latest movie.
The composer often 　　　　　　　 　　　　　 (从自然中汲取灵感),such as the sound of flowing water and chirping birds.
to start
with
by
draws inspiration from nature
4.threat n.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)
·threaten v.威胁到,危及
·threatening adj.威胁的,恐吓的;阴沉沉的,乌云密布的
[教材原句] Read these tips on hurricane safety so that you and your family can survive this common threat to coastal cities.
阅读这些关于飓风安全的小贴士,这样您和您的家人就能在这种对沿海城市常见的威胁中生存下来。
例　(读后续写之环境描写)The sky was dark and threatening.
天空乌云密布,阴沉沉的。
例　(话题写作之传统文化)The traditional handicraft that was under threat of disappearing has been revived by a group of young artisans.
曾面临消失威胁的传统手工艺,已经被一群年轻的工匠重新振兴起来。
under threat 受到威胁
归纳拓展
·under threat 受到威胁
(pose) a threat to...(构成)对……的威胁
·threaten to do sth 威胁要做某事
threaten sb with sth 用某事/物威胁某人
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The man threatened 　　　　 (call) the police if they continued making noises.
(应用文写作之倡议书)Only by learning to coexist harmoniously with nature can we avoid 　　　　　　　 　　　　 (构成对野生生物的威胁).
The endangered turtle population,once 　　　　　　 (受到威胁) from plastic waste in the ocean,is rebounding thanks to clean-up campaigns.
to call
posing a threat to wildlife
under threat
5.shelter n.庇护(处),掩蔽 v.躲避;庇护;为……提供避难所
·sheltered adj.有遮蔽物的;受庇护的
[教材原句] If you cannot get home in time,find other shelter as soon as you can.
如果你不能及时回家,尽快找到别的庇护所。
例　(2024·全国甲卷)For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals
(声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
例如,几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音,它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助,吓跑危险的动物或者寻找庇护。
例　(读后续写之场景描写)People were desperately seeking shelter from the heavy rain.
人们正在拼命地找地方躲避这场大雨。
归纳拓展
·shelter from...躲避……
shelter...from...保护……以免……
·take shelter (from...) 躲避(……)
under the shelter of 在……的庇护下
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)We finished the rescue work and took shelter
　　　　 the rain in a nearby restaurant.
He has gradually grown up 　　　　 the shelter of his parents.
Trees shelter the house 　　　　 the strong wind.
(读后续写之动作描写)They crowded in the bookstore,
　　　　　　　　　　　　 (躲避着暴风雨).
from
under
from　
sheltering from
the storm
重点句式
be doing...when...正在做……这时(突然)……
▲
[教材原句] I was sitting in my room with my cat,Smartie,on my lap,when the roof just flew off.
当时我正坐在自己房间里,猫咪斯玛蒂趴在我腿上,突然屋顶就飞走了。
例　Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.
杰克正在实验室忙着,突然就停电了。
例　We were doing our homework when the lights went off.
我们正在做作业时,灯突然灭了。
①在“sb was/were doing sth when...”句型中,when作并列连词,连接两个并列分句,第一个分句用过去进行时,第二个分句用一般过去时。
②when还可以用于以下句型中:
sb was/were about to do/on the point of doing...when...
某人正要做……这时(突然)……
sb had (just) done...when...
某人刚做完……这时(突然)……
温馨提示
[语境运用] 完成句子
We 　　　　　　　　　　 (正走路回家) when it started to rain heavily.
(读后续写之动作描写)The bear
　　　　　　　　 　 (正要闯入) our camp when the helicopter arrived.
He 　　　 　　　 (刚完成) his homework when his mum asked him to help.
were walking home
was about to break into/on the point
of breaking into
had just finished
the moment 用作连词,引导状语从句
▲
[教材原句] He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.
风暴袭来的那一刻它就失踪了。
例　I recognised her the moment I saw her.
我一眼就认出了她。
例　(读后续写之动作描写)The moment the rain stopped,the children dashed out of the room to play in the backyard.
雨一停,孩子们就冲出了房间,去后院里玩耍。
归纳拓展
用作连词,意为“一……就……”的表达还有:
·the moment/the instant/the minute/the second/as soon as等+从句
·on/upon+n./doing
·immediately/directly/instantly+从句
·“hardly/scarcely...when.../no sooner...than...”,当hardly、scarcely、no sooner位于句首时,主句用部分倒装结构,从句不用。
·at the sight/sound/thought of...一看见/听见/想到……就……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)On 　　　　 (hear) the good news,the whole family burst into cheers.
　　 　　 (direct) the door opened,a gust of wind blew in.
　　　　　 　　　 Mr Li 　　　　 (一登上) on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.
hearing
Directly
No sooner had
stepped
写作微专题6
Writing safety guidelines
文本解读
1.文体类型:自然灾害逃生指南,属于应用文范畴。
2.要点内容:(1)说明写《飓风安全指南》的目的;(2)指出飓风来临之前要做的事情,飓风发生时该做和不该做的事情。
[思路指引]
实用表达
自然灾害逃生指南常用句式:
The first thing to do is...
Do not...
Never...
Remember (not) to...
Try to...
It’s important (not) to...
Pay attention to safety...
Result in great loss of...
Make sure...
Stay away from...
佳作建构
夏天即将来临,暴雨增多,积水增加,洪水泛滥。你校为了增强学生们的安全自救常识,准备做一份关于洪灾安全知识的英语宣传海报。请你拟定海报内容。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　 　　 n.灾难,灾祸
2.　 　　　 adv.即刻,马上
3.　　　 　 v.发生
4.　 　　　 n.通告,公告
5.　　　 　 v.攫取,抓住
6.　　　　 n.营救,解救
7.　 　　　 n.庇护,掩蔽
disaster　
immediately　
occur
announcement　
grab　
rescue　
shelter
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.夏天快到了。洪水等灾害可能会发生。
Summer is drawing near.Some disasters like flood 　　　　　　　　　.
2.为了在发生洪水时确保您的安全,请记住以下几点。
In order to keep you safe 　　　　 flood,please 　　　 　　 　　　　　.
are likely to occur
in case of
keep the following in mind
3.随时了解天气预报和安全通告。
Keep yourself informed of the weather forecasts and 　　　 　　　　　.
4.把雨衣或雨伞放在手边。
Leave your raincoat or umbrella 　 .
5.应立即待在高处等待救援。
Stay at a higher place and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
safety announcements
on hand
wait for rescue immediately
6.抓住能浮在水面上的东西来自救。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 on the water to rescue yourself.
7.多注意深水,避免在水中行走。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and avoid walking in water.
8.不要试图在大树下寻找庇护。
Do not try to 　 .
Grab something that can float
Pay more attention to the deep water
find shelter under huge trees
亮点提升
将第5句用非谓语动词作伴随状语进行改写升级。
Stay at a higher place waiting for rescue immediately.
范文展示
Flood Safety Guidelines
Summer is drawing near.Some disasters like flood are likely to occur.
In order to keep you safe in case of flood,please keep the following in mind.
Things to do before a flood:
Keep yourself informed of the weather forecasts and safety announcements.
Leave your raincoat or umbrella on hand.
Prepare enough food and first aid supplies.
Things to do during a flood:
Stay at a higher place waiting for rescue immediately.
Grab something that can float on the water to rescue yourself.
Stay away from electricity.
Pay more attention to the deep water and avoid walking in water.
Things not to do during a flood:
Do not try to find shelter under huge trees.
Do not drink floodwater as it is not clean.
Do not return home to rescue personal property.
写作练习
假设你是李华,你们学校最近开展了创建“平安校园”活动。本周校报谈论的主题是“发生地震时如何保护自己”。请你以“Earthquake Safety Guidelines ”为题写一篇英语文章。
内容要点:
1.地震来临前,做好充分准备。准备好救生包,里面有手电筒、电池和食物等。
2.地震来临时,不要惊慌。如果在室外,请远离大树、高楼等物体。如果在室内,要尽量躲在桌子等坚固家具下面,并且注意保护好头部和颈部。
3.逃生时千万不要选择乘坐电梯。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
参考词语:救生包 emergency kit、手电筒 flashlight。
Earthquake Safety Guidelines
写作指导
One possible version:
Earthquake Safety Guidelines
Earthquakes are unexpected and can break out at any time.However,
read these tips on earthquake safety and you and your family will survive.
Things to do before an earthquake:
Prepare an emergency kit containing flashlights,batteries,food and a first-aid kit in your home.
Be sure to plan escape routes and be aware of your environment.
Listen to the radio for the latest news.
Things to do during an earthquake:
If you are indoors,try to stay under solid furniture like a table with a cushion protecting your head and neck.
If you are outdoors,try to get into an open area away from trees,
buildings and walls.
Things not to do during an earthquake:
Don’t be nervous and keep calm.
Never use the lift.
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后续写 微技能之“点” 情感描写 相关词语 scared adj.害怕的　shocked adj.震惊的　nervous adj.紧张的　frightened adj.害怕的　pleased adj.高兴的　happy adj.高兴的
动作描写 相关词语 forecast v.预测,预报　grab v.攫取,抓住　threaten v.威胁到,危及　inspire v.鼓舞;激励　rescue v.营救,解救
人物描写 相关词语 reliable adj.可信赖的,可靠的　confidence n.信心,自信　stay positive　保持积极乐观　rescuer n.救援人员
叙述性描写 相关词语 awful adj.可怕的,糟糕的　typical adj.典型的　erupting adj.正在喷发的　melting adj.正在融化的　tough adj.艰难的
读后续写 微技能之“线” Sure enough,going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting.(明喻)
I’m sure the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one!
(夸张)
I’m shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town.(情感描写)
I was sitting in my room with my cat,Smartie,on my lap,when the roof just flew off.(动作描写)
Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans,their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on.(结尾升华句)
读后 续写 微技能之“面”
微写作——逆火而行营救被困者
这个村庄正在遭受野火的威胁,救援人员一收到消息就立刻赶到了现场。尽管形势艰难,他们仍竭尽全力营救受困的家庭。在此期间,救援人员不断地激励所有人保持积极乐观。村民们既紧张又害怕。最终,事实证明,救援人员是值得信赖的。他们凭借专业与勇气,成功化解了这场危机。
The village 1.　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　,and the rescuers arrived at the scene immediately 2.
　　　　　　　　　　.Despite the tough situation,they made every effort to 3.　　　　　　　　　 　　.During this period,
the rescuers constantly 4.　　 　　　　　　　　　　 　 .
The villagers 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.In the end,it turned out that the rescuers were reliable.With their professionalism and courage,they successfully addressed the crisis.
was under the threat of wildfires
the moment they
received the news
rescue the trapped families
inspired everyone to stay positive
were both nervous and frightened
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.disaster n.灾难,灾祸→ adj.极糟糕的;灾难性的
2.erupt v.(火山) 爆发,喷发→ n.(火山) 爆发,喷发
3.immediately adv.即刻,马上→ adj.即刻的,马上的
4.occur v.发生→ n.发生的事情;出现
5.announcement n.通告,公告→ v.宣告;声称→ n.广播员,播音员
disastrous
eruption
immediate
occurrence
announce
announcer
6.reliable adj.可信赖的,可靠的→ v.信任,信赖;依赖,依靠→ n.可靠性→ adj.不可靠的;不能信赖的
7.exceptionally adv.极其,非常→ adj.特别的,罕见的,卓越的
8.threaten v.威胁到,危及→ adj.受到威胁的→ adj.威胁的,恐吓的;阴沉沉的,乌云密布的→ n.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)
9.precisely adv.精确地,准确地→ adj.精确的,准确的
10.sufficient adj.足够的,充足的→ n.足量,充足→ adv.充分地;足够地
rely
reliability
unreliable
exceptional
threatened
threatening
threat
precise
sufficiency
sufficiently
Ⅱ.重点词块
1. 　　　　　　 捡起,拾起,拿起
2. 与……相比
3. 获得成功;准时到达
4. 翻阅,浏览
5. 被……震惊
6. 还有,另外,更重要的是
pick up
compare(d) to...
make it
look through
be shocked by
what’s more
7. 既然
8. 走出
9. 霎时间
10. 变成
11. 瞬间
12. 来来往往
13. 留心寻觅;注意,留心;关照
now that
step out of
all of a sudden
turn into
in seconds
go up and down
look out for
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.现在分词短语作状语
(在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸),I see the title “Hot!Hot!Hot!”.
句式仿写
(听着这个有趣的故事),the children laughed heartily.
Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station
Listening to the funny story
2.过去分词短语作后置定语
One very hot summer,the sun reflected off it and melted cars
(停在楼下的)!
句式仿写
The books (从图书馆借的) should be returned on time.
parked below
borrowed from the library
3.now that引导原因状语从句
(既然在地球上难逃一劫),perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...
句式仿写
(既然你酷爱中国传统文化),I sincerely invite you to participate in the calligraphy exhibition.
Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth
Now that you have a passion for traditional Chinese culture
4.be doing...when...
I (正坐在) in my room with my cat,Smartie,on my lap,
(这时突然) the roof just flew off.
句式仿写
One day,I (正在街上闲逛,这时突然) I saw an interesting advertisement.
was sitting
when
was wandering in the street when
5.the moment引导时间状语从句
He had disappeared (风暴袭来的那一刻).
句式仿写
(我一意识到危险),I asked my children to rush out of the room immediately.
the moment the storm hit
The moment I realised the danger(共107张PPT)
Unit 6　
Disaster and hope
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
　　Natural disasters such as typhoons and tsunamis usually threaten people’s lives and property.When disasters strike, people will immediately take positive action.The reliable satellite early-warning system can provide precise forecasts.Once the announcement is issued, people will grab their emergency kits and head for the designated shelters.With the spirit of unity and cooperation, firm belief and advanced technology, humans, facing the huge threats of nature, strive to protect every precious life and beautiful homeland.
台风、海啸等自然灾难通常会危及人们的生命和财产安全。当灾难来袭时,人们会马上采取积极行动。可靠的卫星预警系统能提供精确的预报。公告一经发布,人们就会抓起应急包,前往指定的避难所。面临大自然的巨大威胁,人类凭借团结协作的精神、坚定的信念以及先进的科技,努力保护每一个宝贵的生命与美丽的家园。
Part 1
Starting out—Using language
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　　 v.预测,预报
2. n.营救,解救
3. n.紧急情况,不测事件
4. v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)
5. n.危机
写作词汇
forecast
rescue
emergency
claim
crisis
1.tube n.
2.plus adj.
3.typhoon n.
4.landslide n.
5.grab v.
6.tsunami n.
7.blizzard n.
8.avalanche n.
9.satellite n.
阅读词汇
管子
(用于数字后面表示)多,余
台风
山崩,滑坡
攫取,抓住
海啸
暴风雪
雪崩
人造卫星
拓展词汇
1. n.灾难,灾祸→disastrous adj.极糟糕的;灾难性的
2. v.(火山) 爆发,喷发→eruption n.(火山) 爆发,喷发
3. adv.即刻,马上→immediate adj.即刻的,马上的
4. v.发生→occurrence n.发生的事情;出现
5. n.通告,公告→announce v.宣告;声称→announcer n. 广播员,播音员
disaster
erupt
immediately
occur
announcement
6. adj.可信赖的,可靠的→rely v.信任,信赖;依赖,依靠→reliability n.可靠性→unreliable adj.不可靠的;不能信赖的
7. adv.极其,非常→exceptional adj.特别的,罕见的,卓越的
8. v.威胁到,危及→threatened adj.受到威胁的→threatening adj.威胁的,恐吓的;阴沉沉的,乌云密布的→threat n.威胁,可能会带来危险的
人(事)
9. adv.精确地,准确地→precise adj.精确的,准确的
reliable
exceptionally
threaten
precisely
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.in the face of　　　　　
2.pick up
3.compare(d) to...
4.make it
5.look through
6.be shocked by
面对(问题、困难等)
捡起,拾起,拿起
与……相比
获得成功;准时到达
翻阅,浏览
被……震惊
7.what’s more
8.now that
9.step out of
10.after all
还有,另外,更重要的是
既然
走出
毕竟;终究
重点句型
1. , I see the title “Hot!Hot!Hot!”.(现在分词短语作状语)
在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸,我看到一个标题写着“热!热!热!”。
2.Sure enough, is like jumping into a volcano .(动名词作主语;that引导定语从句)
果不其然,走下楼梯,来到站台上就像是跳进一座正在喷发的火山。
Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station
going down the stairs and onto the platform
that’s erupting
3.One very hot summer, the sun reflected off it and melted cars
!(过去分词短语作后置定语)
有一年夏天非常热,大楼表面反射的阳光竟然融化了停在楼下的车!
4.News like this .(make+宾语+宾语补足语)
这样的新闻让我感到紧张。
parked below
makes me feel nervous
5. , perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...(now that引导原因状语从句)
既然在地球上难逃一劫,或许我应该开始考虑移民太空了……
Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与自然——自然灾害及其防范和应对措施。
2.语篇类型:个人故事。
3.课文内容分析:
作者结合自身的感受,生动地描述了伦敦的酷热天气,并由反常的天气联想到自然灾害,引发对环境问题的思考。课前的导入活动呈现了迄今为止有记录的地球上的最高温和最低温,引导学生思考极端气温可能给人类带来的问题,提高学生的环保意识和灾害防范意识,培养学生积极乐观的人生态度。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
temperature
awful
outside
planning for
disasters
fresh
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.Why does the author mention the newspaper title
[A]To tell us something about the weather.
[B]To show that the newspaper is free.
[C]To introduce the topic of this passage.
[D]To tell us the Tube is very hot.
C
(　　)2.What can we infer from Paragraph 1
[A]There is air conditioning in the Tube.
[B]The Tube is out of date now.
[C]There are too many people in the Tube.
[D]The Tube is the longest line in the world.
B
(　　)3.How does the author feel about the reports of natural disasters around the world
[A]Shocked.
[B]Relaxed.
[C]Excited.
[D]Embarrassed.
A
(　　)4.What is the type of the text
[A]A biography.
[B]An argumentation (议论文).
[C]An exposition (说明文).
[D]A narrative (记叙文).
D
二次开发·深研课文
▲
I work in a tall, glass building in London and I go to work by underground—the Central Line,one of the oldest and deepest lines.
Today, temperature 1.　　 　　 (expect) to reach 30 plus degrees,
2.　　　　 is unusual for London.Going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into an erupting volcano.3.　　 　　 awful I feel with no air conditioning! The temperature inside the train can reach 35 degrees! Wearing a suit and in 4.　　　　 crowd of passengers, I feel as if the passenger next to me and I were melting and becoming one! I feel a little sick with bacon and eggs for breakfast, 5.　　　　 (hope) I can make it to Bank station.
is expected
which
How
a
hoping
On the train, I can’t help imagining the solution 6.　　　　 the weather problem.Should I sell my flat in exchange for a boat Should I speak with my manager about moving the office from the third floor to the top Most 7.　　　 　 (important), should I learn to swim That’s what ensures my 8.　　　　 (survive) when the tall buildings are flooded.
to
importantly
survival
In the newspaper, I learn that more natural disasters are sweeping the whole world—a typhoon in Asia, landslides 9.　　　　 (cause) by heavy rain in Eastern Europe, forest fires across Southern Europe...All are due to climate change.
“The next station is Bank!” The announcement wakes me up.Maybe, I 10.　　 　　 (worry) too much.After all, it’s only 30 degrees outside!
caused
have been worrying
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.react v.做出反应,回应;有影响,起作用
·reaction n.反应
[教材原句] How did people there react to the disaster
那里的人们对灾难有什么反应
例　(读后续写之动作描写)She reacted with a laugh, though her hands were shaking.
尽管她的双手还在颤抖,但她用笑声回应。
例　It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water.
它向我们展示了铁是如何与空气和水发生反应的。
react with...与……发生(化学)反应
归纳拓展
· react with...与……发生(化学)反应
react on/upon...对……有影响/起作用
react against 反抗;对抗
react to...对……有反应
· sb’s first/immediate reaction 某人的第一反应
provoke/cause/get a reaction 激起/引起/得到反应
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
All new fashion starts out as a　　　 　 (react) against existing convention.
Someone allergic to milk is likely to react 　　　　 cheese.
Environmental factors 　　　 　　　 (对……有影响) the growth of plants.
Some artists 　　　　　　 (反抗) traditional styles and create something new.
Many chemical substances 　　　　　　 (与……发生反应) oxygen.
reaction　
to　
react on/upon　
react against　
react with
2.pick up捡起,拾起,拿起;(开车)接(某人);搭救;(偶然)学会,获得;接收;整理;
改善,好转
[教材原句] Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station, I see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot!”.
在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸,我看到一个标题写着“热!热!热!”。
例　(2024·全国甲卷) Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread,or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织).
加入哈佛大学本科生编织圈,用线制作绒球和流苏,或者拿起一对针学习编织。
例　(读后续写之动作描写) As she walked along the beach, she bent down to pick up a beautiful seashell.
她沿着海滩散步时,弯下腰捡起了一个漂亮的贝壳。
归纳拓展
pick out 分辨出,辨认出;挑出,选出
pick off 摘掉,摘下来
pick oneself up (跌倒后)站/爬起来;振作起来
pick up speed 加速
[语境运用] 写出下列句子中pick up的含义
I finally picked up the classic novel I had always wanted to read.
　　　　　　　
The girl picked up some cash and handed it to the police.　　　　　　　
Peter drove to Ann’s house to pick up his dog and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window.　　　　　　　
He picked up French while travelling in France.　　　　　　　
Trade is picking up and we are occupied in trading with foreigners.
　　　　　　　
获得　
捡起,拾起　
(开车)接(某人)
(偶然)学会　
改善,好转
3.compare v.比较,对比
·comparison n.比较,对比;相比
[教材原句] This, however, is nothing compared to the train.
不过这还远远比不上车厢里面。
例　(2024·全国甲卷) My childhood is quite happy compared with hers.
与她的童年相比,我的童年相当幸福。
例　A teacher is often compared to a candle.That’s because their devotion to work is beyond compare.
老师常被比作蜡烛。那是因为他们对工作的投入是无与伦比的。
归纳拓展
· compare...with/to/and...把……和……相比较
compare A to B　将A比作B
compare(d) to/with...和……相比(通常作状语)
· beyond/without compare 无与伦比
· by/in comparison with...与……相比较
by comparison 比较起来;相比之下
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/一句多译
The breathtaking view from the mountaintop was 　 　　 　 compare, leaving the hikers speechless.
The poet compared the beautiful sunset 　　　　 a magnificent painting.
在我看来,与其他方式相比,在网上学习英语更有益处。
→In my view,　　　　 　　 other ways,learning English online is of greater benefit.(compare)
→In my view,　　　　　　　　　　 other ways,learning English online is of greater benefit.(comparison)
beyond/without　
to
compared with/to
by/in comparison with
4.make it 获得成功;准时到达
[教材原句] I hope I can make it to Bank station...I’ll avoid the feeling by thinking about work.
希望我能撑到银行站……我还是想想工作的事来逃避这种感觉吧。
例　(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face.“We made it,” he said.
冈特把出租车停在公共汽车后面,转过身来,脸上挂着灿烂的笑容看着我。“我们赶上了。”他说。
例　(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don’t beat yourself up if one (or a few!) doesn’t make it.
如果你属于那种因亲近植物而身心受益的人群,那么即便养死一两株(或好几株!),也不必太过自责。
归纳拓展
make up 编造,虚构;组成,构成;和解
make up for 弥补;补偿
make use of 利用
make out 理解;弄清
make up one’s mind (to do sth)下决心(做某事)
[语境运用] 用make的相关短语完成语段
　　Last semester, I 　　　　　　　 　　　 improve my math grades.I
　　　　　　 my spare time to read the textbook and do exercises.When I couldn’t 　　　 　 some difficult problems, I turned to my teacher for help.After great efforts, I finally 　　　 　　 and got a high score in the final exam.I realised that it was my efforts that 　　　　　　 my deficiency (不足) in math.
made up my mind to
made use of
make out
made it
made up for
5.occur v.发生
·occurrence n.发生的事情;出现
[教材原句] Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家说这样的恶劣天气是由气候变化导致的。
例　(读后续写之主旨升华) It occurred to her that perseverance in the face of adversity is the key to achieving one’s goals, no matter how lofty they may seem.
她想到,在逆境中坚持不懈是实现目标的关键,无论目标看起来多么崇高。
例　(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
类似的运动在 20 世纪 60 年代末和 70 年代的澳大利亚也发生过。
It occurs to sb that...某人想到……
归纳拓展
sth occurs to sb 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to sb that...某人想到……
It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想起做某事
occur、happen、take place、break out、come about等表示“发生”的词
(组)都不能用于被动语态。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
A good idea occurred　　　　 me all at once.
In many big cities in the world, measures have been taken to prevent the
　　 　　 (occur) of traffic jams.
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　(我想到要寻求帮助) when I was in trouble.
　　　　　　　　　(他想到) that he had left his keys in the office.
to
occurrence
It occurred to me to ask for help
It occurred to him
6.reliable adj.可信赖的,可靠的
·reliability n.可靠性
·unreliable adj.不可靠的;不能信赖的
·rely v.信任,信赖; 依赖,依靠
[教材原句] So,for accurate and reliable predictions, it’s best to check an official, scientific report.
因此,为了得到准确可靠的预测,最好是查阅官方的科学报告。
例　(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
这种创新的设计几乎不需要付出什么努力就能实现每周可靠的新鲜绿色蔬菜供应。
例　Our information comes from a reliable source.
我们的消息来源可靠。
归纳拓展
rely on/upon sb to do sth 依靠某人做某事
rely on/upon (doing) sth 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事
rely on/upon it that...相信……;指望……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/一句多译
Luckily, you kept calm in the emergency, otherwise I would have suffered a more serious injury.How 　　　　 (rely) a friend you are!
His 　　 　　 (reliable) as a friend has been proven time and again.
(应用文写作之申请信) 您可以相信,我的介绍一定能加深游客对中国传统文化的理解。
→You can 　　　　 　　　　 the visitors’ understanding of traditional Chinese culture through my introduction.
→You can 　　　　 　　 my introduction can deepen the visitors’ understanding of traditional Chinese culture.
reliable
reliability
rely on/upon deepening
rely on/upon it that
语
境
串
词
He is a reliable man and you definitely can rely on him to help you when you are in need.All in all,he gives you a sense of reliability.
他是一个可靠的人,当你需要的时候,你绝对可以依靠他来帮助你。总而言之,他给你一种可靠的感觉。
7.rescue n.& v.营救,解救,救援
·rescuer n.救援人员
[教材原句] International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country.
国际救援队很快就陆续抵达该国。
例　(2024·浙江1月卷) But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
不过在我等妻子来救场的时候,它倒真能解闷。
例　(读后续写之情感描写) Tears filling her eyes, she offered her heartfelt gratitude to the neighbours who had helped to rescue the children from the fire.
她热泪盈眶,向帮助从火灾中救出孩子的邻居们表示衷心的感谢。
rescue sb from...从……中救出某人
归纳拓展
· come/go to one’s rescue 营救某人
· rescue sb from...从……中救出某人
rescue sth from...使某物免于……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The brave 　　　　 (rescue) risked his own life to save the child from the burning building.
The firefighters rescued the precious paintings 　　　　 the burning art gallery.
(读后续写之动作描写) The crowd burst into thunderous applause as the rescuers 　　　　　　　　　　　 (从……中救出这个孩子) the ruins.
When the hiker got lost in the mountains, the search-and-rescue team quickly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(营救他).
rescuer
from
rescued the child from
came/went to his rescue
8.claim v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命);声称;索要;要求n.声称;要求;索赔;索要
[教材原句] Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
它们是由短时间内极大的降雪引起的,摧毁了建筑物和森林,夺去了超过256人的生命。
例　So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library.
迄今为止,还没有人来认领在图书馆里被捡到的那些钱。
例　He claimed that he could finish the work without any help.
他声称不需要任何帮助就可以完成这项工作。
claim that...声称……
归纳拓展
· claim to be sb 声称是某人
claim to do sth 声称要做某事
claim to have done sth声称做了某事
claim that...声称……
It is claimed that...有人主张……;据说……
· make a claim/claims for提出……的索赔
[语境运用] 完成句子
Scientists 　 　　　　　　　　 (声称发现了) the evidence of water on the planet.
　　　　　　　　 (据说) the new regulations will be carried out next month.
The man 　　　　　　　　 (声称是) a professional photographer, yet his photography works look anything but skilled.
After the flood, many homeowners 　　　　　　　　 (提出……的索赔) property damage.
claimed to have found
It is claimed that
claims to be
made claims for
重点句式
现在分词(短语)作状语
▲
[教材原句] Looking through my newspaper, I’m shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town.
我翻阅着手里的报纸,震惊地看到亚洲的一场台风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。
例　Walking along the street, he met an old friend.
在大街上散步时,他遇到了一位老朋友。
[归纳拓展]
[语境运用] 完成句子/句式升级
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (不懂这门语言), I found it hard to communicate with local people.
　　　　　　　　　　　　 (走在田野里) on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
(读后续写之情感描写)　　　　　　　　　　　 (听到这个好消息), he couldn’t help crying.
(读后续写之动作描写)She felt exhausted, so she sat by the stream and rested her aching feet.
→She felt exhausted, so she sat by the stream, 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Not knowing the language
Walking in the fields　
Hearing the good news
resting her aching feet
now that引导原因状语从句,是从属连词,意为“既然”。
▲
[教材原句] Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...
既然在地球上难逃一劫,或许我应该开始考虑移民太空了……
例　Now that you are tired, why not lie down and have a short rest
既然你累了,那么为什么不躺下休息一会儿呢
例　Now that the problem has been identified, appropriate action can be taken.
既然已经找出问题的症结,那么就可以采取适当行动了。
归纳拓展
·now that在意思和用法上同since,引导原因状语从句,表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that可省略。
·引导原因状语从句的连词还有since、because、as、for等。
·引导原因状语的词组有due to、thanks to、because of、as a result of、owing to、on account of等。
[语境运用] 完成句子
既然你对中国古典文化感兴趣,那么我很快就会给你寄一本教科书和一些相关的资料。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　,I will send a textbook and some related materials to you soon.
Since/Now that you’re interested in China’s classical culture
(应用文写作之征文投稿) 由于互联网正在变得越来越普及,我们的生活正变得更加丰富多彩。
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, our lives are becoming more colourful.
既然天这么热,我们去游泳吧。
　　　　　　 　　　　,let’s go swimming.
Since/Now that the Internet is becoming more and more popular
Since/Now that it is so hot
长难句分析
[教材原句] Looking through my newspaper, I’m shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town.
尝试分析:本句为主从复合句。 为现在分词短语作状语, 为现在分词作后置定语, 为that引导的宾语从句。
自主翻译:我翻阅着手里的报纸,震惊地看到亚洲的一场台风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。
[语境运用] 情境写作
在等待商店开门时,我很高兴地看到每个人都能自觉排队的场景。
,I was glad to see the scene showing
consciously.
Waiting for the store to open
that everyone was able to queue up
语法微专题6
省略句
语法原句再现
It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as well as one of the deepest.
It’s lovely at the beach, but not so when you’re wearing a suit and in a crowd of passengers!
My office is only on the third floor of the building, so quite low.
在以上句子中,为了使句子结构更加紧密或为了避免重复,而将前面或后面已经出现过的词语省略,或因习惯上的用法而省略部分词语,由此所形成的句子叫省略句。
语法知识点拨
一、省略的定义
省略是一种避免重复、保持句子简洁的语法现象。
凡是缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分,但在一定的语境中能够独立存在,意义明确,并且能发挥实际功能的句子就是省略句。
二、省略的用法
1.简单句的省略。
(1)省略主语:一般情况下,主语是不能省略的,但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下,特别是在口语中,主语常常省略,主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。
(You) Give a lift
能搭个便车吗
(2)省略宾语:当上下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时,下句或后句常省略宾语。
—Who will do the dishes
—I will (do the dishes).
——谁来洗碗
——我来洗。
(3)省略主语和谓语(或主语和谓语的一部分):在某些具体的场合下,主语和谓语都很明确,此时为了简化或显得亲切等,可将主语和谓语(或主语和谓语的一部分)同时省略,只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
(You come) This way,please.(省略了主语和谓语)
请这边走。
(Have you) Got any ink (省略了主语和谓语的一部分)
你有墨水吗
2.并列句的省略。
在由and 或but连接的并列句中,常省略一些重复的词或词组。
(1)省略共同的主语或宾语。
She likes reading novels and (she) often shares interesting stories with her friends.
她喜欢读小说,还经常和朋友们分享有趣的故事。
(2)若主语不同,而谓语部分的动词相同,则省略后面的动词。
Reading makes a full man,conference (makes) a ready man,and writing (makes) an exact man.
阅读使人充实,讨论使人敏捷,写作使人精确。
(3)若主语与谓语动词相同,则省略后面的主谓成分。
To some life is pleasure,and to others (life is) suffering.
对于一些人来讲,生活是快乐;对于其他人来讲,生活则是苦难。
(4)若主语不同,但主要动词及后续部分相同,则省略主要动词及后续部分。
He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn’t (have a knowledge of first aid).
他具备急救知识,但他朋友不具备。
3.复合句的省略。
(1)状语从句的省略。
①在when、while、if、as if、though、although、as、until、once、whether、unless、whenever 等引导的状语从句中,当从句主语跟主句主语相同且从句谓语中含有be动词或从句的主语为it时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
When (I was) driving a car to the city centre,I spotted my old friend.
当我开车去往市中心时,我看到了我的老朋友。
I’ll lend you one if (it is) necessary.
必要的话,我借给你一个。
若状语从句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主谓关系,则使用现在分词形式;若构成动宾关系,则使用过去分词形式;若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生,则使用不定式。
温馨提示
②在than、as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。
She can speak English better than he (can).
她英语说得比他好。
(2)定语从句的省略。
①在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词 that、which、who、whom 可省略。
Who is the girl (that/who/whom) he spoke to just now
刚刚他与之交谈的那个女孩是谁
I live near the river (that/which) I used to swim in.
我住在我过去游泳的那条河流旁边。
②在定语从句中way作先行词,且在句中充当方式状语时,可省略引导定语从句的关系代词。
I don’t like the way (that/in which) he behaves.
我不喜欢他行事的方式。
③在“the same...as...”或“such...as...”引导的某些定语从句中,也可省略与主句相同的部分。
I have the same trouble as you (have).
我和你有同样的困难。
(3)宾语从句的省略。
①及物动词后接宾语从句时,连接词that一般可以省略。
He believes (that) his dream will come true.
他相信他的梦想会实现。
Everybody knows (that) protecting the environment means a lot.
每个人都知道保护环境很重要。
如果及物动词后接两个或两个以上 that引导的宾语从句,那么只有第一个 that 可以省略。
He promised the local people (that) he would raise some funds and that he would set up a school.
他承诺当地人他会筹集一些资金并且建立一所学校。
温馨提示
②when、where、how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。
I know (that) a famous professor will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to our city).
我知道一位著名的教授将要来我们市,但我不知道他什么时候来。
4.其他情况的省略。
(1)动词不定式的省略。
①当不定式在形容词afraid、anxious、eager、glad、happy、ready、willing等后作状语时,to后的内容常省略。
You can’t force him to answer the question if he’s not ready to (answer the question).
如果他不愿意回答这个问题,那么你不能强迫他。
②在某些使役动词,如make、let、have等和感官动词(词组),如see、watch、notice、observe、hear、feel、look at、listen to等后作宾语补足语的不定式须省略 to,但若这些动词使用被动语态,则to不省略。
We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.
→She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被动语态)
我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。
③并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号 to。但若两个不定式之间为对比关系,则不能省略 to。
He likes to swim more than (to) skate.
比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。(并列)
He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.
他认为最重要的是学习而不是交朋友。(对比)
④当不定式在某些动词(词组)后作宾语时,常可省略 to 后的内容。常见的这类动词(词组)有agree、afford、expect、forget、hope、manage、pretend、remember、refuse、want、wish、would like 等。
—Will you go to the cinema with me
—I’d like to (go with you).
——你愿意和我一起去看电影吗
——我愿意。
⑤but前面有实义动词do 的某种形式时,后面的不定式不带to。
All he could do was nothing but wait and see.
他所能做的只有观望。
⑥当不定式在 be going to、be able to、have to、ought to、used to后作复合谓语时,不定式可省略,只保留to。
They didn’t exercise as often as they ought to (exercise).
他们应该经常锻炼,但他们没有。
(2)虚拟语气的省略。
①在if引导的虚拟条件句中,若含有were、had或should,常可以省略if而将were、had或should置于句首。
If it were not for the bad weather tomorrow, we would go on a picnic.
→Were it not for the bad weather tomorrow, we would go on a picnic.
要不是明天天气不好,我们就去野餐了。
②在表“命令、要求、建议”等意义的名词性从句中用“should+动词原形”,
should常可省略。
The doctor suggests that people (should) do exercise for thirty minutes every day to be in good health.
医生建议人们应该每天锻炼30分钟来保持健康。
(3)使用 so、not 等时的省略。
为了避免重复前面所说过的内容,常用替代词so/not 替代肯定或否定的名词性从句,与 believe、do、expect、fear、guess、hope、say、speak、suppose、think、I’m afraid等连用。so表示赞同前述的内容,not表示不赞同前述的内容。
—Has she ever been to London
—I don’t think so.(=I don’t think she has ever been to London.)
——她曾去过伦敦吗
——我想她没去过。
—Will it rain tomorrow
—I hope not.(=I hope it won’t rain tomorrow.)
——明天会下雨吗
——我希望不会。
(4)介词的省略。
一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略,而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有:
①have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth
②be busy (in) doing sth
③spend some time (in) doing sth
④stop/prevent sb (from) doing sth
[语境运用] 将下列句子中可以省略的部分用括号标出
—What’s Joan doing
—Joan is reading newspapers in the room.
【答案】 —What’s Joan doing
—(Joan is) reading newspapers in the room.
—I’ll be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat
—Not at all.I’d be happy to look after your cat.
【答案】 —I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat
—Not at all. I’d be happy to (look after your cat).
Unless I am invited, I won’t attend his wedding ceremony.
【答案】 Unless (I am) invited, I won’t attend his wedding ceremony.
The old tower must be saved, whatever the cost may be.
【答案】 The old tower must be saved,whatever the cost (may be).
One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and the other side of the board should be painted white.
【答案】 One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow,and the other (side of the board should be painted) white.
真题赏析
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) We’ll explore beautiful park sites while
(conduct) invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection.
【解析】 根据句意可知,设空处所在的部分是while we are conducting的省略。故填conducting。
conducting
2.(2024·浙江1月卷) While 　　　　 (take) a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful encounter with a local that all travellers long for.
【解析】 根据句意可知,设空处所在的部分是While I was taking的省略。故填taking。
taking
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Besides,students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if 　　　　 (pair) with someone who they don’t get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
【解析】 根据句意可知,设空处所在的部分是if they are paired的省略。故填paired。
paired
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.完成句子(运用省略结构)
1.当我一个人在街上走的时候,我听见有人在后边叫我的名字。
　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I heard my name called from behind.
2.她站在门口,好像在等人似的。
She stood at the gate　　　　　　　　　　　　.
While/When walking alone in the street
as if waiting for someone
3.约翰一定在踢球,而玛丽一定在做作业。
John must have been playing football and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.必要的时候,我也会浇院子里的花,整理一下我自己的卧室。
I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom
　　　　 　　　　.
5.这个周日你有空吗 如果有,我们去野营吧。
Will you be free this Sunday 　　　 　,let’s go camping.
Mary doing her homework
when necessary
If so
6.如果你不参加明天的开幕式,我也不去了。
If you don’t attend the opening ceremony tomorrow, 　　　　　　　　.
7.他现在不喜欢跑步,但他以前喜欢。
He doesn’t like running now but 　　　　　　　.
8.你最好在旅行的时候带张地图,这样你就不会迷路了。
You’d better take a map with you　　　　 　　 　　 so that you won’t get lost.
neither/nor will I
he used to
while/when travelling
Ⅱ.语篇填空
1.　　　　(wake) early, I slipped into running shoes, 2.
(grab) a banana from the counter.Sunlight streamed through the park trees as I 3.　　　　 (jog).4.　　　 　 (spot) a friend ahead, I waved at him,
5.　　　 　 (call), “Race you to the fountain!” Finally, we reached the destination almost simultaneously (同时地), 6.　　　　(smile) with the joy of friendly competition.
Waking
grabbing
jogged
Spotting
calling
smiling(共17张PPT)
Unit 6　课时作业(一)
(分值:44分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共9题;每题1分,共9分)
1.I believe we can certainly overcome natural 　　　 　 (灾难) with the public and the government working together.
2.The volcano 　　 　　(爆发) in 1980,destroying a large area of Washington State.
3.The charity event raised 50,000 yuan 　　　　(多,余),which will be used to help those in need.
4.Check the bulletin board for the latest 　　 　　(公告) about the cancelled lecture.
disasters
erupted
plus
announcement
5.The heavy rain in the past two weeks was the main reason for the
　　 　　(滑坡).
6.Heat the glass 　　　 　 (管子) to the point where it can bend.
7.I remembered that the 　　 　　(台风) hit our town six years ago and brought about great rainfall.
8.They were playing at the sea shore when the accident 　　　 　(发生).
9.Whenever you have a practical plan,just carry it out 　　　 　 (即刻).
landslide
tube
typhoon
occurred
immediately
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The 　　 　　(occur) of traffic accidents has decreased since the new law was introduced.
2.We are looking for someone who is 　　 　　(rely) and hard-working.
3.She picked 　　　　 Japanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it fluently.
4.They all remember where they were when they heard the 　　　　(shock) news.
occurrence
reliable
up
shocking
5.The team’s quick action changed a potentially 　　　 　 (disaster) situation into a great success.
6.It is 　　 　　(announcement) that the concert will be postponed due to the bad weather.
7.He was able to keep calm in the face　　　　 sudden emergencies.
8.Looking 　　 　　 newspapers every day,you can keep up with the rapidly developing situation.
disastrous
announced
of
through
9.　　 　　 (compare) with our small flat,his house seemed like a palace.
10.The later 　　 　　 (erupt) of the volcano were less violent and caused no significant damage.
Compared
eruptions
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 (既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣),I think this festival will be a worthwhile experience for you.
2.The nutritionist said to me that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (吃太多快餐) will be harmful to my health.
3.If you believe in yourself and never give up,you will surely 　　　　　(获得成功).
Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture
eating too much fast food　
make it
4.Tom　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(走出了教室)and played with his friends in the playground.
5.He was so tired that he fell asleep　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(他一上床).
stepped out of the classroom
the moment he went to bed
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
In the second half of each year,many powerful storms are born in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean seas.Of these,only about half a dozen become the strong,circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that are called hurricanes,and several usually make their way to the coast.There they cause millions of dollars of damage,and bring death to large numbers of people.
The great storms that hit the coast start as soft circling wind hundreds—even thousands—of miles out to sea.As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by the summer sun,they are carried westward by the southeast winds.When conditions are just right,warm,moist (潮湿的) air flows in at the bottom of such a wind,moves upward through it and comes out at the top.In the process,the moisture in this warm air produces rain,and with it the heat is changed to energy in the form of strong winds.As the heat increases,the young hurricane begins to move in a counter-clockwise motion(逆时针运动).
The life of a hurricane is only about nine days,but it contains almost more power than we can imagine.The energy in the heat released by a hurricane’s rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the United States for more than six months.Water,not wind,is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane.A typical hurricane brings 6 to 12 inch downpours,causing sudden floods.Worst of all is the powerful movement of the sea—the mountains of water moving towards the hurricane centre.The water level rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves towards the shore.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了飓风的形成过程以及它给大自然和人类带来的巨大危害。
(　　)1.When is an ordinary tropical storm called a hurricane
[A]When it hits the coastline.
[B]When it is more than 75 miles wide.
[C]When its winds reach 75 miles per hour.
[D]When it begins in the Atlantic and Caribbean seas.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,只有当热带风暴变成时速75英里或更大的强风时,才被称为飓风。故选C。
(　　)2.What is the worst thing about hurricanes
[A]Their strong winds.
[B]The heat they give off.
[C]That they last about nine days.
[D]The terrible effects of water.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知,飓风中造成死亡和破坏的主要源头是水,而不是风,所以飓风最致命的是水的灾难性影响。故选D。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “downpours”in the last paragraph probably mean
[A]Heavy rainfall.
[B]Dangerous waves.
[C]The increasing heat.
[D]The progress of water to the hurricane centre.
A
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词后的“causing sudden floods”可知,
downpours应是指“暴雨”。故选A。
(　　)4.What can we know about a hurricane according to the passage
[A]It usually stays about more than 9 days.
[B]It travels less than 75 miles per hour.
[C]It sometimes causes 6 to 12 inch downpours.
[D]It is common to bring the sea water level to the height of 15 feet.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A typical hurricane brings 6 to 12 inch downpours”可知,一场典型的飓风可带来6至12英寸的暴雨。故选C。(共22张PPT)
Unit 6　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.While 　　　　 (walk) along the street,I heard my name called.
2.You shouldn’t go to his party unless　 　　　(invite).
3.She made her children wash hands before　　　　 (eat) meals.
4.The workers just carried out the order as　　　　 (tell).
5.Though　　　 　 (exhaust),he decided to finish his homework.
walking
invited
eating
told
exhausted
6.Once 　　　 　 (publish), his new book will attract a lot of attention.
7.Don’t come in until 　　 　　(ask) to.
8.The girl 　　　　 (dress) in red is my classmate.
9.You can’t imagine what difficulty we had 　　 　　 (walk) home in the snowstorm.
10.The heavy rain prevented him 　　 　　(arrive) there on time.
published
asked
dressed
walking
arriving
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.Be careful with cars 　　　　　　　 　　　　　(当你过马路时).
2.I also water the flowers in the yard 　　　　　　　　　　 　　(必要的时候).
3.They will start the project 　　　　　　　　　　　　(一旦得到许可).
4.He doesn’t like running but 　　　　　　　　　　　(他以前喜欢).
5.　　　　　　　　(如果可能的话),we will finish the task ahead of time.
when (you are) crossing the road
whenever (it is) necessary
once (they are) permitted
he used to (like running)　
If (it is) possible
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Disastrous floods are becoming increasingly common around the world.The warming climate is leading to heavier rainfall,but as cities expand,more and more land is under concrete or pavement,less water is absorbed,increasing the burden on storm drains and sewerage (排水系统).
When the drains and sewerage are overwhelmed by excessive water,the risk of floods increases.Could urban expansion be making things worse Could we design cities in a different way to reduce the risk of floods
Chinese landscape architect Yu Kongjian certainly thinks so.In 2012,he proposed the concept of “Sponge City (海绵城市)”,aiming to make urban areas absorb and retain water like sponges to reduce the risk of sudden floods.The approach promotes natural solutions,such as riverside parks and ponds,to absorb floodwater.Auckland,New Zealand,serves as an example of applying the “Sponge City” concept.It has replaced the concrete culverts
(涵洞) around the Oakley Creek with vegetated banks and connected parks.This has reduced floods in nearby residential areas as well as the amount of pollutants which used to be washed into the sea.
Auckland has taken a natural approach,but a much more high-tech method can be seen in Amsterdam.This city has installed blue-green roofs on a number of buildings.These roofs have a layer of plants on the outside,and then layers beneath which collect and store rainwater.This water can be used by people to water plants or wash toilets.Advanced software can even instruct the roofs to release water ahead of upcoming storms to maximise the system’s ability to absorb rainwater.
Yu Kongjian describes the “Sponge City” approach as practising tai chi with nature rather than boxing against it.Questions have been raised as to whether a natural approach is sufficient,given increased rainfall globally.What remains to be seen is whether expanding the “Sponge City” approach and combination with modern technology can help protect more people from floods.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了全球洪水频发的原因以及如何通过“海绵城市”的设计来减少城市的洪水风险。
(　　)1.What may cause the risk of city floods
[A]The city size.
[B]The city design.
[C]The city location.
[D]The city population.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The warming climate is leading to...the risk of floods increases.”可知,城市设计如混凝土覆盖,石板铺的地面及排水系统等可能导致城市洪水风险增加。故选B。
(　　)2.Which of the following fail to serve as “sponges”
[A]Riverside parks. [B]Ponds.
[C]Blue-green roofs. [D]Culverts.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Auckland,New Zealand...and connected parks.”可知,涵洞是混凝土结构,不具备“海绵”的功能。故选D。
(　　)3.What can be inferred about the “Sponge City” approach from the last paragraph
[A]It uses boxing with nature.
[B]It works well without doubt.
[C]Its further function still needs testing.
[D]It is sufficient for future floods.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,扩大“海绵城市”的方法和结合现代技术是否能够帮助更多的人免受洪水的侵袭,还有待观察。由此可推知,“海绵城市”方法的进一步功能还需要测试。故选C。
(　　)4.What’s the main idea of the text
[A]How the “Sponge City” approach could prevent urban floods.
[B]Why the concept of “Sponge City” was proposed.
[C]Why floods are becoming more and more common.
[D]How the natural approach combines with the high-tech method.
A
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了全球洪水频发的原因以及如何通过“海绵城市”的设计来减少城市的洪水风险。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　Residents in a village in Aba County,living near 1.　　　　 origin of the Yellow River,used to suffer a lot during the rainy seasons.When the stream rose with heavy rain,water would often wash away its earthen banks,2.　　　　 (cause) many large gaps (开口).The village would quickly be covered with water,making 3.　　　　 hard for residents to take livestock to the market.
the
causing
it
However,that situation 4.　　　 　 (become) a thing of the past since the flood protection wall was built.5.　　　　 made the wall special was that it was built without the use of concrete.A local farmer said he was extremely relieved 6.　　　　 (get) rid of the damage caused by flooding.
The wall,7.　　　 　 (construct) with local materials,reflects the architectural style and traditional techniques of the region.It fits so
8.　　 　　 (elegant) within the village landscape that visitors can hardly notice where the wall is.
has become
What
to get
constructed
elegantly
As our country highlights ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin,the “ecological wall” built in Aba County stands 9.　　　　 an example of a series of environmentally friendly 10.　　 　　 (approach) local governments have used to help conserve the mother river of the Chinese nation.
as
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了黄河源头附近的阿坝县通过建造无混凝土的“生态墙”有效解决了村庄雨季的洪水问题。
approaches
1.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查冠词。此处特指黄河的源头,应用定冠词the。故填the。
2.【答案】 causing
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,应用现在分词形式。 故填causing。
3.【答案】 it
【解析】 考查代词。根据句意可知,此处“make it+adj.+for sb to do sth”为固定搭配,意为“使得做某事对某人来说怎么样”。故填it。
4.【答案】 has become
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词,结合“since the flood protection wall was built”可知,时态应用现在完成时;主语that situation是单数名词,助动词应用has。故填has become。
5.【答案】 What
【解析】 考查连接代词。分析句子结构可知,此处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,结合句意可知,此处指“……的事物”,应用what;位于句首,首字母应大写。故填What。
6.【答案】 to get
【解析】 考查动词不定式。be relieved to do sth是固定搭配,意为“做某事感到宽慰”,符合句意。故填to get。
7.【答案】 constructed
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处是非谓语动词,作The wall的后置定语。construct和The wall之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填constructed。
8.【答案】 elegantly
【解析】 考查副词。此处修饰动词fits,应用副词。故填elegantly。
9.【答案】 as
【解析】 考查介词。此处stand as是固定搭配,意为“作为……的存在”,符合句意。故填as。
10.【答案】 approaches
【解析】 考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知,此处作宾语,应用名词。approach为可数名词,前有a series of修饰,应用名词的复数形式。故填approaches。

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