资源简介

/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册外研版（2024）单元素养评价培优卷
Unit 6 Living with nature
温馨提示：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分120分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。
3.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。
4.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共65分）
一、选择填空（共10小题，计10分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．—Where is Linda
—She has been away for an hour. I don’t know _________ she is now.
A．where B．who C．what D．how
2．—If someone is ________ your way, what will you do
—I will wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past.
A．along B．on C．by D．in
3．—I hear that Wang Nan will come to Taiyuan. Do you know _________
—Next week.
A．when he will come B．when did he come
C．when will he come D．when he came
4．—Cindy, would you please tell me ________ the computer
—Yes, let me show you.
A．what to use B．how to use C．when to use D．who to use
5．He said he ________ his grandparents in the countryside the coming winter holiday.
A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．would visit
6．He asked me if I ________ the movie The Wandering Earth 2 before.
A．see B．saw C．have seen D．had seen
7．Do you know why she ________ to school late this morning
A．came B．comes C．will come D．is coming
8．He told me that he ________ to Beijing the next day for a business trip.
A．will go B．goes C．went D．would go
9．She asked me________I ________the film Ne Zha before I came to the cinema.
A．if; have seen B．that; saw C．if; had seen D．whether; see
10．It’s important for us ________ nature.
A．protect B．to protect C．protecting D．protected
二、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
Have you ever heard of the Dead Sea It’s one of the world’s most amazing places. It isn’t a sea, but a large lake. It sits in the Jordan Valley and is famous for being the lowest point on Earth.
The water in the Dead Sea is very salty—almost ten times 11 than regular ocean water. Because of this, fish or plants cannot live in it. That’s 12 people call it the “Dead” Sea. But don’t let the name scare you! The water is so buoyant (有浮力的) that you can float on it 13 . It’s a funny feeling, like lying on an air bed!
Many people visit the Dead Sea every year 14 its special mud (泥浆). The mud is rich in minerals and is said to be good for 15 skin. Visitors often cover themselves in the dark mud and then float in the water. It’s a popular 16 to relax.
However, the Dead Sea is 17 a problem. It is shrinking (缩小)! The water level is going down by about one meter per year. Scientists say we need to 18 water from other places to save it. If we don’t take action, this natural wonder might one day 19 .
The Dead Sea teaches us an important lesson: nature is powerful and beautiful, but also 20 . We should try our best to protect such wonders for our future.
11．A．heavier B．saltier C．sweeter D．cleaner
12．A．what B．why C．when D．where
13．A．easily B．hardly C．difficultly D．sadly
14．A．because of B．instead of C．thanks to D．as for
15．A．his B．her C．our D．their
16．A．way B．idea C．dream D．plan
17．A．facing B．solving C．answering D．breaking
18．A．bring B．take C．borrow D．give
19．A．appear B．disappear C．arrive D．leave
20．A．dangerous B．safe C．weak D．kind
三、阅读理解（共20小题，计40分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
According to scientists, a lake with a round shape (形状) is very common. However, Kingsley Lake in Florida, the USA, makes them very surprised.
Kingsley Lake is one of the best fishing places in Florida, but few people know what really makes this place special. It’s an unusually round shape. The lake is considered the roundest lake in the world. In fact, we can only see how round the lake is from the air.
What caused Kingsley Lake to have this special shape Some people think human beings have changed the structure (结构) of Kingsley Lake so that it is unusually round. However, in fact, this lake is completely free from human activities. It is believed to have formed naturally. It also appears that the lake is the result of the movement of rocks, which gave the present shape of Kingsley Lake.
Kingsley Lake has a diameter (直径) of about 3.2 kilometres. It is 53.7 metres above sea level, which makes Kingsley Lake one of the highest lakes in Florida. Kingsley Lake is about 27.4 metres deep and it is also considered one of Florida’s deepest lakes.
According to the survey, Kingsley Lake has an unchanging water level because of its surface drainage (排水) system. This system helps the floodwater easily run from the lake to the areas around. What’s more, the lake has many shallow (浅的) water areas, so it can be filled with water again in no time, creating the balance of the water in the lake.
Kingsley Lake is now a famous tourist destination in the summer. Each year, it attracts about 120,000 tourists. It also provides a home for a lot of endangered animals.
21．Why do scientists feel surprised when they see Kingsley Lake
A．Because it looks so beautiful. B．Because it is a good fishing place.
C．Because it is a tourist destination. D．Because it has quite a round shape.
22．How can we see the shape of the lake clearly
A．By taking a plane. B．By using a camera.
C．By walking around it. D．By crossing it in a boat.
23．What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The reason why Kingsley Lake is unusually round.
B．The influence which human activities have caused.
C．The findings scientists made on its drainage system.
D．The details people must know about Kingsley Lake.
24．Which of the following is TRUE about Kingsley Lake
A．It attracts more visitors in winter. B．It protects the animals in danger.
C．It’s the world’s deepest lake. D．It’s the highest lake in the USA．
25．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To introduce a lake with a special shape. B．To call on more people to protect the lake.
C．To attract more tourists to Kingsley Lake. D．To describe the beauty of Kingsley Lake.
B
The Big Stone River is one of the most amazing stone rivers in the world. It is also one of the most interesting sights of Taganai Park in Russia. Different from other rivers, it is filled with rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen. Interestingly, as one comes near to the rocky river, the sound of running water can be heard.
The Big Stone River is about 6 km long and is made up of many small rocky rivers. It cuts through a thick forest like a real river. It is about 200 metres wide and in some places, it is up to 700 metres wide. Some of the rocks weigh up to 10 tons each and the layer(层) of rocks goes down 6 metres deep.
Scientists believe it was formed by the movement of glaciers (冰川) about 10,000 years ago. At that time, thick ice covered the top of the mountains. Over time, as the climate warmed and the glaciers melted (融化), the flowing water and ice carried and deposited (使沉积) these huge rocks, creating the stone river we see today. Seeing the amazing river is a great experience. The best way to experience this natural wonder is from e and visit it when you come to Russia.
26．Why is the Big Stone River special
A．Because it is full of fish.
B．Because it is in Taganai Park.
C．Because it is impossible to see water there.
D．Because the sound of running water is loud.
27．How wide is the widest part of the Big Stone River
A．6 metres. B．200 metres. C．700 metres. D．6,000 metres.
28．What’s the scientists’ idea about this river
A．The river is filled with rocks and stones.
B．It’s the result of the movement of glaciers.
C．Some of the rocks in the river weigh up to 10 tons.
D．Now there isn’t any ice on the top of the mountain at all.
29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The Big Stone River is the only stone river in the world.
B．The Big Stone River is a real river through a thick forest.
C．The Big Stone River is made up of some big rocky rivers.
D．The best way to enjoy the Big Stone River is to see it from a higher place.
30．What would be the best title for the passage
A．A Running River B．A Very Amazing Stone
C．The Big Stone River D．An Unforgettable Experience
C
The Eye of the Sahara is one of the most amazing natural wonders on earth. It is located in the desert of Mauritania, Africa. It is as big as 500 football fields. When you look at it from the sky, it looks like a huge, bright eye! The Eye also looks like a big round pizza with different-coloured parts. How did it come into being Long ago, the ground under the sand started to rise. Then, wind and rain slowly broke down the soft rocks, leaving the hard ones behind. Over time, these hard rocks formed the beautiful circles we see today. From above, you can count about 10 circles, and each one has a different colour. The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside.
But the Eye of the Sahara is in trouble. The desert is very dry, and sandstorms often sweep across it. The sand covers the rocks and makes them difficult to see. Also, few people know about this amazing place because it's far from big cities.
What can we do to help Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks. They want to keep the rocks safe and stop the blowing sand from breaking them down. Some people also suggest building a small road or a simple visitor centre nearby to help more people know about the Eye of the Sahara. At the same time, they advise people to take measures to protect the rocks.
31．What does“500 football fields” in Paragraph 1 show
A．It shows how large the Eye is. B．It shows why the Eye is bright.
C．It shows when the Eye appears. D．It shows where the Eye is in Africa.
32．Look at the pictures below. Which one best shows the Eye of the Sahara when looking at it from the sky
A．B．C． D．
33．What does the underlined word “conserve” most likely mean
A．Break down B．Hide C．Protect D．Change the colour
34．Which of the following is NOT TRUE
A．The Eye of the Sahara is located in Africa.
B．Wind and rain broke down the soft rocks long ago.
C．The Eye of the Sahara is close to big cities.
D．Scientists advise people to take measures to protect the rocks.
35．What is the passage mainly about
A．A natural wonder and its trouble. B．Building roads in the desert.
C．A story of rocks. D．Different deserts around the world.
D
Explore the Natural Beauty of China in National Parks!
National Park Information
Three-River-Source National Park Size: 190,700 km Where: the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) *The source (源头) of three rivers—the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River *Known as China’s Water Tower and Asia’s Water Tower *Natural wonders: snow mountains, wild animals, ancient forests and lakes
Huangshan National Forest Park Size: about 120 km Where: Southern Anhui Province *One of the smallest national parks of China *Named for Emperor Huang, not for colour *“Five Natural Wonders”: amazing pines (松树), strangely-shaped rocks, seas of clouds, hot springs and winter snow
National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest Size: 4,269 km Where: Hainan Island *Home to China’s largest rainforest *Hundreds of kinds of national key-protected wild plants *Rainforest wonders: Wuzhi Shan, Yingge Ling and Jianfeng Ling
36．What is known as China’s Water Tower and Asia’s Water Tower
A．Three-River-Source National Park.
B．Huangshan National Park.
C．National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest.
D．The Yangtze River.
37．Where is the largest national park in the text
A．In Shaanxi Province. B．In Anhui Province.
C．On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. D．On Hainan Island.
38．What can you see in Huangshan National Forest Park
①Wuzhi Shan ②Hot springs ③Amazing pines ④Yingge Ling
A．①② B．①③ C．①④ D．②③
39．The text is written to ________.
A．introduce three popular mountains in China
B．teach people how to protect nature
C．call on people to visit national parks
D．show the similarities among these national parks
40．Where can we probably read the passage
A．In a storybook. B．In a travel magazine.
C．In a cooking book. D．In a science report.
四、短文还原（共5小题，计5分）
阅读填空(七选五)。以下是关于都江堰的介绍，请你根据上下文内容补全语篇。选项中有两项为多余项。
On July 24, 2024, Dujiangyan in Sichuan Province successfully faced the largest flood peak in nearly 10 years. 41 This ancient system,over 2,280 years old,continues to protect the Chengdu Plain from flooding.
Located on the Minjiang River, Dujiangyan is one of the world’s oldest irrigation (灌溉) systems. 42 It is even considered by some to be a greater wonder than the Great Wall because of its long-term benefits. The project is wisely designed with three main parts: Yuzui, Feishayan, and Baopingkou. 43
Yuzui, shaped like a fish mouth,divides the rushing river into inner and outer streams to control the water flow. 44 That’s where Feishayan helps—it allows the extra water and sand to flow out. Behind it, Baopingkou directs the water into the Chengdu Plain. 45 During floods, the channel behind Feishayan helps drain the overflow(排洪).
This amazing ancient project, built by smart Chinese people, continues to protect the land and its people, showing how clever ancient engineering was.
A．Each part has a unique function, and all must work properly to avoid danger.
B．The inner river flows more slowly but still carries much sand.
C．Its smart design uses natural features to save water.
D．It has served people for more than 2,000 years.
E．If the water cannot be released fully, the water level may rise.
F．The system shows how ancient engineering protected people and their land.
G．Despite its age, it effectively controls floods and irrigates farmland.
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题；共55分）
五、词汇应用（共10 小题，计10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mount Huangshan lies in Anhui Province and attracts millions of travellers every year. It is one of the 46 (great) natural wonders in China. People dream of climbing its strange peaks and watching the famous sea of clouds. 47 (surprising), the mountain looks different in each season and the weather is so changeable that many visitors come here again and again.
The mountain has a long history. In the Ming Dynasty, the famous traveller Xu Xiake visited Huangshan. Then he 48 (write), “There is no mountain worth (值得) seeing after visiting Huangshan.” However, the climb is not easy. Some travellers have to deal 49 physical difficulties such as tired legs and sore feet. Others even get lost in the thick fog. But its amazing beauty always encourages people to keep going.
Today, visitors can choose different 50 (way) to enjoy the mountain. The new cable cars (缆车) allow tourists 51 (enjoy) the beauty of Huangshan without walking too much. Some travellers worry that modern development takes away the real spirit of the mountain. 52 it saves time, it cannot offer the joy of real climbing. They say it makes people forget how to challenge 53 (they).
Whether we take the cable car or walk bit by bit, Huangshan leaves us with 54 unusual experience. It teaches us that the highest 55 (achieve) often comes after the hardest climb.
六、选词填空（共10小题，计10分）
阅读下面短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当的形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每词仅用一次。
shape it long more finally when of provide easy area
As we all know, the Yellow River is the second 56 river in China. The “yellow” in its name is from the mud and sand (泥沙). About ninety percent of the mud and sand in the Yellow River comes from the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). The Loess Plateau is loose (松软的) and washed away 57 . As a result, a lot of mud and sand goes into the Yellow River 58 the rainy season comes.
The Yellow River starts from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Its 59 is similar to “几”. It runs from west to east through nine provinces and 60 runs into the Bohai Sea. It covers an 61 of about 752,443 square kilometers. The Yellow River is about 5,464 kilometers long. In fact, it is a little shorter than the Yangtze River.
In Chinese history, the Yellow River is the most important birthplace. Ancient Chinese people lived on this land, worked hard and created a rich culture. Today, the area around the Yellow River is very important for farming. The Yellow River also 62 water for factories and people’s lives. What’s 63 , the Yellow River plays an important role in Chinese culture. People created a lot of poems (诗歌), paintings, and songs about it. The Yellow River is a symbol 64 China. We call 65 the “Mother River”. We love our Mother River!
七、阅读表达（共5小题，计10分）
The Duku Highway (独库公路) is a very famous road in Xinjiang. It is known for its beautiful views and exciting journey. The road was completed in September, 1983, running over 500 kilometers, from a city called Dushanzi to Kuche.
The highway is surrounded (环绕) by high mountains and wide grasslands. If you drive on this road, you will see amazing snow-covered mountain tops and green fields. The road takes you through lots of canyons(峡谷)and rivers, and you can see wonderful views at every turn. One of the best parts of the Duku Highway is the Tianshan Grand Canyon. This is a really big canyon with red and yellow cliffs (悬崖). It is the perfect place to take pictures. You can also go hiking there,and enjoy the fresh air and peaceful surroundings. Another place you must visit on the Duku Highway is the colorful Danxia Landform (丹霞地貌). It is an area where the rocks and cliffs have been changing over time. The rocks are bright red, orange, and yellow, and they look like a rainbow. That’s why it is called “colorful Danxia”.
The Duku Highway is really a great place for people who love nature. However, when you enjoy the view, do remember those soldiers who built the road for 10 years, and 168 of them lost their lives for it. Therefore, this road is also called the “Road of Heroes”.
66．When was the Duku Highway completed
67．What can people do at the Tianshan Grand Canyon
68．Why is Danxia Landform called “colorful Danxia”
69．How do people remember the builders of the road
70．Do you want to visit Duku Highway Why or why not
八、书面表达（共1题，计25分）
71．自然界有许多令人惊叹的奇观，它们展现着大自然的神奇与美丽。请以“My Favourite Natural Wonder”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你最喜欢的一处自然奇观。
内容包括：（1）奇观的名称及位置；
（2）它的主要特点；
（3）你喜欢它的原因。
写作要求：（1）层次清晰，语言流畅；
（2）词数在80~90之间；
（3）书写规范，卷面整洁；
（4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。
My Favourite Natural Wonder
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——琳达在哪里？——她已经离开一个小时了。我不知道她现在在哪里。
where哪里；who谁；what什么；how怎样。根据问句“Where is Linda ”可知询问地点，结合答语她已离开一小时，可知答语不知道她现在的地点。
2．D
【解析】句意：——如果有人挡了你的道，你会怎么办？——我会等到他或她离开，而不是从旁边挤过去。
along沿着；on在……上；by通过；in在……里。固定短语in one’s way意为“挡某人的路”，on one’s way意为“在某人去……的路上”。根据答语“I will wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past.”可知，此处指有人挡住了路，应填in。
3．A
【解析】句意：——我听说王楠要来太原。你知道他什么时候来吗？——下周。
宾语从句需用陈述语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”，排除B、C两项；根据答语“Next week”可知动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，排除D项。故填when he will come。
4．B
【解析】句意：——Cindy，请你告诉我如何使用这台电脑好吗？——好的，让我示范给你看。
what to use用什么；how to use如何使用；when to use何时使用；who to use找谁来使用。根据答句“let me show you”可知，问句是询问使用电脑的方法，应填how to use。
5．D
【解析】句意：他说他在即将到来的寒假会去乡下看望他的祖父母。
本题考查宾语从句的时态。主句“He said”为一般过去时，从句的时态应与主句保持一致，故排除A（一般现在时）和C（一般将来时）。从句中的时间状语“the coming winter holiday”表示将来时间，在间接引语中需用过去将来时，即“would + 动词原形”。B项visited为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作，与“将来的寒假”矛盾。故填would visit。
6．D
【解析】句意：他问我之前是否看过电影《流浪地球2》。
see看，动词原形；saw看，一般过去式；have seen看，现在完成时；had seen看，过去完成时。主句谓语asked为一般过去时，宾语从句中动作“看电影”发生在“问”这个过去动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。
7．A
【解析】句意：你知道她今天早上为什么上学迟到吗？
从句中时间状语是“this morning”，表示动作发生在过去，因此句子时态应为一般过去时。动词“come”的过去式是“came”。
8．D
【解析】句意：他告诉我他第二天要去北京出差。
will go将要去（一般将来时）；goes去（一般现在时）；went去（一般过去时）；would go将要去（过去将来时）。根据主句“He told me that...” 的过去时态和从句中的时间状语“the next day”可知，从句描述的是从过去视角看将来要发生的动作，因此应使用过去将来时。
9．C
【解析】句意：她问我在我来电影院之前是否看过电影《哪吒》。
根据主句谓语asked可知从句表示疑问“是否”，应用if或whether引导；从句动作“看电影”发生在过去动作came之前，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had seen。A项为现在完成时，B项引导词不符且时态为一般过去时，D项为一般现在时，时态均不符。故选C。
10．B
【解析】句意：对我们来说保护自然是很重要的。
protect保护；to protect不定式形式；protecting动名词/现在分词形式；protected过去式/过去分词形式。固定句型“It's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故选B。
11．B 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．A 18．A 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文介绍死海的特点与价值，指出其面临缩小危机，呼吁保护自然奇观，强调自然既强大又脆弱，人类应尽力守护未来。
【解析】11．句意：死海的水非常咸——几乎比普通海水咸十倍。
前文提到“The water in the Dead Sea is very salty”，此处用倍数对比说明它比普通海水咸得多。salty“咸的”，其比较级是saltier，符合语境。
12．句意：那就是为什么人们称它为“死海”。
前文提到“鱼或植物无法在其中生存”，这是人们称它为“死海”的原因。“That’s why...”是固定句型，意为“这就是……的原因”。
13．句意：水的浮力非常大，你可以轻松地浮在水面上。
根据前文“水的浮力很大”，以及后文“像躺在气垫床上”的描述，可知浮在水面上是很轻松的。easily“轻松地、容易地”符合语境。
14．句意：每年很多人因为其特殊泥浆游览死海。
后文提到泥浆富含矿物质，对皮肤有益，这是人们来参观的原因。because of“因为、由于”用于引出原因，后接名词或名词短语，符合语境。
15．句意：泥浆富含矿物质，据说对我们的皮肤有益。
根据语境泛指人类包括读者，our体现普遍性。his等指代特定对象，范围过窄。
16．句意：这是一种受欢迎的放松方式。
前文提到游客们会涂满泥浆、在水中漂浮，这是一种放松的方式。way“方式、方法”符合语境，a popular way to relax意为“一种受欢迎的放松方式”。
17．句意：然而，死海正面临一个问题。
后文提到“It is shrinking”，说明死海面临着问题。face a problem是固定搭配，意为“面临问题”，此处用现在进行时facing。
18．句意：科学家说我们需要从其他地方引入水来拯救它。
前文提到死海水位每年下降约1米，因此需要从其他地方引入水源来拯救它。bring water from other places意为“从其他地方引水”，符合语境。
19．句意：如果我们不采取行动，这个自然奇观有一天可能会消失。
前文提到死海正在缩小，如果不采取措施，它最终会消失。disappear“消失”符合语境。
20．句意：死海给我们上了重要的一课：自然是强大而美丽的，但也是脆弱的。
前文提到死海正面临消失的危机，说明自然也有脆弱的一面。weak“脆弱的、易受破坏的”符合语境，与前文的powerful and beautiful形成对比。
21．D 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．A
【导语】文章主要介绍了金斯利湖特殊的圆形形状、形成原因、地理数据及生态价值等。
【解析】21．根据第一段中“However, Kingsley Lake...makes them very surprised”及第二段中“It’s an unusually round shape”可知，科学家感到惊讶是因为这个湖的形状异常圆。
22．根据第二段最后一句“In fact, we can only see how round the lake is from the air.”可知，只有从空中才能看清湖的形状，对应A选项“乘飞机”。
23．根据第三段首句“What caused Kingsley Lake to have this special shape ”及后续内容可知，本段主要探讨金斯利湖形状异常圆的原因。
24．根据最后一段中“It also provides a home for a lot of endangered animals.”可知，它为濒危动物提供家园，即保护了濒危动物，B项正确。
25．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了金斯利湖特殊的圆形形状、形成原因、地理数据及生态价值等，目的是介绍这个形状特殊的湖泊。
26．C 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了俄罗斯的一大奇观——大石河，它的外观及形成的原因。
【解析】26．根据文章第一段“Different from other rivers, it is filled with rocks and stones. Not a drop of water can be seen.”，说明大石河的特殊之处在于完全看不到水。
27．根据文章第二段“It is about 200 metres wide and in some places, it is up to 700 metres wide.”可知，大石河最宽处是700米。
28．根据文章第三段开头“Scientists believe it was formed by the movement of glaciers about 10,000 years ago.”，说明科学家认为它是冰川运动形成的。
29．根据文章最后一段“The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above.”，说明欣赏它的最佳方式是从高处（上方）观看。A选项中的“only”唯一的，并未提及，故排除。B选项，从全文来看，它不是真正的河流，只是像河流一样穿过森林，故排除。C选项，根据文章“…is made up of many small rocky rivers”说明它是由许多小型岩石河组成，不是大型的。
30．全文都是围绕“The Big Stone River”展开，介绍了它的特点、数据、形成原因和观赏方式，所以最佳标题是The Big Stone River“大石河”。
31．A 32．B 33．C 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了非洲毛里塔尼亚沙漠中的自然奇观——撒哈拉之眼，包括它的大小、形成原因、面临的困境以及人们为保护它所做的努力。
【解析】31．第一段明确提到：“It is as big as 500 football fields”，用500个足球场来形容撒哈拉之眼，说明它非常巨大，因此“500 football fields”展示的是撒哈拉之眼有多大。
32．第一段指出：“When you look at it from the sky, it looks like a huge, bright eye”以及“The Eye also looks like a big round pizza with different-coloured parts”，还提到“The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside”，说明从天空看撒哈拉之眼像一个有不同颜色圆圈的巨大圆环，最大的圈在外面，小圈在里面，选项B图示符合描述。
33．第三段提到：“Scientists are studying the Eye to find ways to conserve the rocks. They want to keep the rocks safe and stop the blowing sand from breaking them down”，说明科学家研究撒哈拉之眼是为了找到方法保护岩石，让岩石保持安全，因此“conserve”意为“保护”。
34．第二段最后一句指出：“Also, few people know about this amazing place because it’s far from big cities”，说明撒哈拉之眼离大城市很远，而非靠近大城市，因此C选项“撒哈拉之眼靠近大城市”是不正确的。
35．本文第一段介绍撒哈拉之眼这一自然奇观，第二段讲它面临的困境（沙尘暴、少有人知），第三段讲保护措施，因此本文主要讲述的是一个自然奇观及其面临的困境。
36．A 37．C 38．D 39．C 40．B
【导语】这篇文章介绍了中国的三个国家公园，分别是三江源国家公园、黄山国家森林公园和海南热带雨林国家公园，介绍了它们的位置、面积与特色景观。
【解析】36．表格里“Three-River-Source National Park”（三江源国家公园）的介绍中，“Known as China’s Water Tower and Asia’s Water Tower”（被誉为中国水塔和亚洲水塔），和题目直接对应，故选A。
37．根据表格的介绍，对比三个公园的面积：三江源190,700 km ；黄山约120 km ；海南热带雨林4,269 km 。显然三江源国家公园面积最大，它的位置是the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（青藏高原），对应选项C。
38．黄山国家森林公园的“Five Natural Wonders”（五大自然奇观）里写了：“amazing pines，strangely-shaped rocks，seas of clouds，hot springs and winter snow”。所以Hot springs（温泉）、Amazing pines（奇松）是黄山的特色。Wuzhi Shan（五指山）、Yingge Ling（鹦哥岭）是海南热带雨林国家公园的景点，不属于黄山国家森林公园。
39．文章标题是“Explore the Natural Beauty of China in National Parks!（在国家公园探索中国自然之美）”，目的是介绍这些公园的美景，号召大家去参观游览。故选C。
40．文章介绍了中国三个国家公园的位置、特色和美景，属于旅游介绍类内容，这类文章最常出现在旅游杂志“travel magazine”里。
41．G 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．E
【导语】都江堰是世界上历史最悠久的水利灌溉系统之一，历经两千余年风雨，至今仍在防洪、灌溉等方面发挥着重要作用。本文介绍了都江堰的构造与功能。
41．前句提到“2024年7月24日，四川都江堰成功应对了近10年来最大的洪峰”，后句提到“这个有2280多年历史的古老系统，继续保护成都平原免受洪水侵袭”。G选项承上启下，既呼应了洪峰事件，又引出都江堰的作用，符合语境。
42．前句介绍“都江堰位于岷江，是世界上最古老的灌溉系统之一”，后句提到“有人甚至认为它比长城更伟大，因为它带来了长期的益处”。D选项补充了都江堰的历史，衔接后句的“长期益处”，符合逻辑。
43．前句提到“工程由鱼嘴、飞沙堰、宝瓶口三个主要部分巧妙设计而成”，后文开始分别介绍各部分的功能。A选项总起下文，引出对三个部分的介绍，符合语境。
44．前句提到“鱼嘴像鱼嘴一样，将湍急的河流分为内江和外江来控制水流”，后句提到“这就是飞沙堰的作用——它让多余的水和沙子流出”。B选项承接鱼嘴的分流，说明内江的特点，从而引出飞沙堰的作用，衔接自然，符合题意。
45．前句提到“宝瓶口将水引入成都平原”，后句提到“洪水期间，飞沙堰后的渠道帮助排洪”。E选项If the water cannot be released fully, the water level may rise.（如果水不能完全排出，水位可能会上升）符合题意。
46．greatest 47．Surprisingly 48．wrote 49．with 50．ways 51．to enjoy 52．Although/Though 53．themselves 54．an 55．achievement
【导语】本文是一篇介绍黄山的说明文，讲述了黄山的自然景观、历史渊源、游览方式，以及现代发展带来的争议，最终点明 “最艰难的攀登后，往往能收获最高的成就” 这一道理。
46．句意：它是中国最伟大的自然奇观之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数” 是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，故great变为最高级greatest。
47．句意：令人惊讶的是，这座山在每个季节看起来都不同。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，surprising变为副词Surprisingly（句首首字母大写）。
48．句意：然后他写道：“游览过黄山后，便没有哪座山值得一看了。”时间状语“In the Ming Dynasty”表明动作发生在过去，故write变为过去式wrote。
49．句意：一些游客不得不应对身体上的困难。固定搭配deal with表示“处理、应对”，故填介词with。
50．句意：如今，游客可以选择不同的方式欣赏这座山。different后接可数名词复数，故way变为复数ways。
51．句意：新缆车让游客不必走太多路就能欣赏黄山的美景。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，故填to enjoy。
52．句意：虽然它节省时间，但无法提供真正攀登的乐趣。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，故填Although/Though。
53．句意：他们说这会让人们忘记如何挑战自我。challenge oneself表示“挑战自我”，主语是people，故they变为反身代词themselves。
54．句意：无论我们坐缆车还是一步步走，黄山都留给我们一段不寻常的经历。experience是可数名词。意为“经历”，unusual以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an，表示“一段经历”。
55．句意：它教会我们，最高的成就往往在最艰难的攀登之后到来。the highest后接名词，achieve变为名词achievement，表示“成就”。
56．longest 57．easily 58．when 59．shape 60．finally 61．area 62．provides 63．more 64．of 65．it
【导语】本文介绍了黄河的基本地理特征、泥沙来源、流经路线、流域面积，以及它在中国历史、生产生活和文化中的重要地位，表达了对黄河作为“母亲河”的热爱与赞美。
56．句意：众所周知，黄河是中国的第二长河。此处表达“黄河是中国的第二长河”。“the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词”为固定结构，表示“第几最……的……”，黄河是中国第二长的河流，long的最高级longest符合语境。
57．句意：黄土高原土质疏松，很容易被冲刷走。此处表达“黄土高原土质疏松，易被冲刷”。此处需要副词修饰动词短语washed away，easy的副词形式easily表示“容易地”，符合“土质疏松易被冲刷”的语义。
58．句意：因此，当雨季来临时，大量泥沙流入黄河。此处表达“雨季来临时，大量泥沙会流入黄河”。此处需要引导时间状语从句的连词，when表示“当……的时候”，符合“雨季来临时泥沙流入黄河”的语境。
59．句意：它的形状和“几”字相似。此处表达“黄河的形状类似‘几’字”。Its为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，shape意为“形状”，符合“黄河形状像‘几’字”的描述。
60．句意：它自西向东流经九个省份，最终注入渤海。此处表达“黄河最终汇入渤海”。此处需要副词修饰动词短语runs into，finally表示“最终”，符合黄河最终汇入渤海的地理事实。
61．句意：它的流域面积约为752443平方千米。此处表达“黄河覆盖的流域面积”。an后接以元音音素开头的名词，area意为“面积”，cover an area of为固定搭配，符合“覆盖面积”的表达。
62．句意：黄河也为工厂和人们的生活提供水源。此处表达“黄河为生产生活提供用水”。句子主语The Yellow River为第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，provide的第三人称单数形式provides，provide sth. for sb./sth.表示“为……提供某物”，符合语境。
63．句意：此外，黄河在中国文化中扮演着重要角色。此处表达“除此之外，黄河在文化层面也很重要”。What’s more为固定短语，表示“此外，而且”，more符合该固定搭配，用于补充说明黄河的重要性。
64．句意：黄河是中国的象征。此处表达“黄河作为中国的象征意义”。a symbol of为固定搭配，表示“……的象征”，介词of符合该结构。
65．句意：我们称它为“母亲河”。此处表达“我们将黄河称为‘母亲河’”。call后接宾语，指代黄河，用代词it作宾语，符合语境。
66．The Duku Highway was completed in September,1983. 67．People can take pictures, go hiking, and enjoy the fresh air and peaceful surroundings. 68．Because the rocks are bright red, orange, and yellow, and they look like a rainbow. 69．By calling it the “Road of Heroes”. 70．Yes, I do. Because driving through the high mountains, wide grasslands, and canyons would be an unforgettable experience. (观点表达题。答案合理即可)
【导语】本文主要介绍了新疆独库公路的建成时间、沿途美景（天山峡谷、彩色丹霞）以及修建背景，称其为“英雄之路”。
66．根据第一段第二句“The road was completed in September, 1983”，直接得出答案。
67．根据第三段“It is the perfect place to take pictures. You can also go hiking there, and enjoy the fresh air and peaceful surroundings.”，总结了拍照、徒步、享受空气和宁静。
68．根据第四段“The rocks are bright red, orange, and yellow, and they look like a rainbow. That’s why it is called ‘colorful Danxia’”，直接找到原因。
69．根据最后一段“do remember those soldiers who built the road…this road is also called the ‘Road of Heroes’”，通过命名和铭记修建者来纪念。
70．本题为开放性回答，理由合理即可。参考文章中对美景的描述，或者对英雄的敬意。
71．
My Favourite Natural Wonder My Favourite Natural Wonder is the Grand Canyon in the USA.
It is located in Arizona and is famous for its huge size and colourful rocks. The canyon was formed by the Colorado River over millions of years. Its layers of rocks record the long history of the earth. When I see photos of it, I feel amazed by its beauty. I like it because it shows the power of nature. It also reminds me to protect our environment. I hope to visit it one day.
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：介绍性记叙文，用一般现在时为主
明确要点：最喜爱的自然奇观（位置、特点、形成原因），喜爱的原因及感悟
确定人称：第一人称(I/my)
注意事项：语言简洁易懂，贴合初中生写作水平，突出对自然奇观的赞美
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：总起句，明确指出自己最喜爱的自然奇观是美国大峡谷
主体段：介绍大峡谷的位置、特点、形成原因，表达看到它的感受及喜爱的原因
结尾段：表达自己希望有一天能去参观的愿望，呼应主题
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：最喜爱的自然奇观（美国大峡谷）
地点选择：the Grand Canyon in the USA（美国大峡谷）
位置描述：located in Arizona（位于亚利桑那州），location位置
特点描述：famous for its huge size and colourful rocks（以其巨大的规模和色彩斑斓的岩石而闻名），huge 巨大的，colourful五颜六色的，feature特点
形成原因：formed by the Colorado River over millions of years（由科罗拉多河经过数百万年形成），form 形成，millions of数百万的
视觉感受：feel amazed by its beauty when seeing photos of it（看到它的照片时，被它的美丽所震撼），be amazed by 对……感到震撼
要点二：喜爱的原因及感悟
喜爱原因：shows the power of nature（展现了自然的力量），power力量
深层感悟：reminds me to protect our environment（提醒我要保护我们的环境），protect the environment保护环境
美好愿望：hope to visit it one day（希望有一天能去参观它），natural wonder自然奇观
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

展开更多......

收起↑