资源简介

(共16张PPT)
Unit 4　课时作业(三)
(分值:37分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.You know that the joy and 　　　　(悲伤) of common people is the theme of his novel.
2.If you 　　　　(租用) something,you should pay money to the owner so that you can use it for a period of time.
3.The 　　　　(滥用) of the medicine will do harm to our physical and mental health.
4.The company is considering cutting 　　 　　(花费) to get more profits.
sorrow
hire
abuse
expenses
5.The lack of progress in his career caused him to feel a growing sense of
　　 　　(沮丧).
6.The project was completed under the strict 　　 　　(管理) of the project manager.
7.She checked her 　　　　(钱包) to make sure she had enough money for the taxi.
8.It is urgent and important to protect yourself from identity 　　　(偷窃).
frustration
supervision
purse
theft
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共6题;每题1.5分,共9分)
1.Reading books is 　　 　　(benefit) as it broadens our horizons.
2.Millions of people made a quick and active response 　　　　 the appeal for saving and helping the victims of the earthquake.
3.We were taken out for a meal 　　　　 the company’s expense.
4.The university students handed in their essays to their 　　　　(supervision).
beneficial
to
at
supervisors
5.Please do 　　　　 further favour and turn the radio down while the children are doing their homework.
6.She was very 　 　(sorrow) when her shop caught fire.
a
sorrowful
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.情况常常如此,她匆忙的时候总会忘记带钥匙。(as is often the case)
As is often the case,she always forgets taking keys with her when she’s in a
hurry.
2.我们知道实现经济发展不应该以牺牲环境为代价。(at the expense of)
We know that economic development should not be achieved at the expense
of the environment.
3.在他接管公司之后,生意就兴隆起来了。(take over;take off)
The business took off after he took over the company.
4.我们有责任减少食物浪费。(cut down on)
We have the responsibility to cut down on food waste.
5.真正重要的是,你应该将自己的想法付诸实践。(what引导主语从句)
What really matters is that you should put your ideas into practice.
Ⅳ.阅读理解 (共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Recycling is beneficial for the environment.It can also benefit a community in surprising ways.Mateo Lange knows this well.At weekends,he can be found sorting through glass and plastic bottles and aluminum cans in his hometown of Indian River,Michigan,where he leads a community recycling programme.
Mateo launched the programme in 2020 when he was just 11 and in the sixth grade,playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones,a new team that needed funds for travelling to tournaments.Mateo came up with a plan to deal with this need.
“There were cans and bottles always thrown around the road,” he recalled.In Michigan,these can be collected and exchanged for cash.With his dad’s help,Mateo raised $7,500.“We collected so much money in just a few weeks,” he says.“So I thought,why not keep this going as long as we can ”
Since then,Mateo says,his recycling effort has raised $350,000 and helped at least 50 local youth groups.It has also prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans from littering the roadside and polluting Michigan’s lakes and rivers.
In 2023,Mateo was awarded the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes. “It feels humbling,” Mateo says,when asked about all he’s accomplished with his clean-up effort.“I am happy to know that all these teams and clubs and kids around the community are benefiting.”
Mateo believes everyone can and should be of service.“Just do a little bit to help make the world a better place,” he says.“Be creative,” he adds. “Have an idea and build on it.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mateo Lange为了给球队筹集资金,发起了一个社区回收项目的事情。这个项目不仅为当地很多团体筹集到了资金,还保护了环境。
(　　)1.What motivated Mateo Lange to start his recycling programme
[A]He wanted to clean up his community.
[B]His team needed money to travel to tournaments.
[C]He was inspired by his father’s love for the environment.
[D]He was competing for the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mateo launched the programme in 2020 when...travelling to tournaments.”可知,Mateo之所以开启这个社区回收项目,是因为他所在的球队出去比赛时遇到了资金短缺的问题。故选B。
(　　)2.How did Mateo’s recycling programme benefit his community
[A]It created jobs for local residents.
[B]It helped build new recreational facilities.
[C]It reduced the need for new beverage distributors.
[D]It prevented pollution of Michigan’s lakes and rivers.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知,Mateo的回收项目防止了200多万个瓶瓶罐罐散落在路边,污染密歇根州的湖泊和河流。 故选D。
(　　)3.What’s Mateo’s attitude towards his achievements
[A]Proud and excited.
[B]Humble and satisfied.
[C]Ambitious and determined.
[D]Calm and unconcerned.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Mateo领完奖之后所说的话“It feels humbling...around the community are benefiting.”可知,面对自己的成就,Mateo保持谦逊,并为自己能够帮到别人而感到开心。故选B。
(　　)4.What does Mateo suggest others should do to make a positive impact
[A]Donate money to local charities.
[B]Start a recycling programme like his.
[C]Volunteer for community events.
[D]Be creative and build on their ideas.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Mateo所说的话可知,Mateo建议那些想要回报社会的人们保持创意并按照自己的设想大胆去做。故选D。(共24张PPT)
Unit 4　课时作业(二)
(分值:50分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.The reason 　　　　 he was happy was that he had been praised by the teacher.
2.This is the house 　　　 　 was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
3.I will show you the point 　　　　 you fail.
4.Please tell me anything 　　　　 you know about the author of the book.
why
that/which
where
that
5.The best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement,
　　　　 means you’ll just keep getting better and better.
6.Some of our memories are funny,especially from the early years 　　　　 our children were little.
7.The old tree in the backyard is a spot 　　　　 we used to play hide-and-seek as kids.
8.The students in the class participated in the project,many of 　　　　 showed great creativity.
which
when
where
whom
9.Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home,both of 　　　　 will be graded.
10.It was a big deal for us to go to the local library,　　　　 my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
which
where
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.一些大学生发起了一项运动,在该运动中他们一整天不用手机。
Some college students carried out a campaign
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.你能告诉我你再次迟到的原因吗
Can you tell me the reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　
3.我们生活在一个比以前任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。
We live in an age 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with greater ease than ever before.
where they spent their whole
day without using cell phones
why/for which you are late again
when more information is available
4.感谢你的来信,它真的让我很开心。
Thank you for your letter,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
5.众所周知,加入辩论社能提升公众演讲能力。
　　　　　　　　 　,joining debate clubs can enhance public speaking skills.
which really made me very happy
As is well known
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
After almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing,you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart’s desire.
Now the most important question comes,what to do with the earnings Should you fulfill dreams of the present,invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day
Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness.One may be on a winning streak (连续成功) now,but it will not always be so.One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain,and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds.Save for those rainy days,they say.Do not spend too much,live within a budget,refrain from credit no matter how small and save for the future.
Since the very first time we earn our own money whether from a summer job or our first salary,the lessons start.In fact,the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage our own money.
People often think like this—one day when I have enough money,I will travel the world.Then,once we do earn enough money,tomorrow’s plans start shadowing our present ones.However,is it wise to keep living for that future Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future
Good questions,aren’t they I say travel but don’t drain your savings, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities,and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future.Life is for the living,so live it sensibly.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了存钱的重要性以及如何生活。
(　　)1.Why do elders teach us to save money
[A]Because there are more rainy days in life.
[B]Because no one can maintain a winning streak.
[C]Because good days may end.
[D]Because money can’t buy everything.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One will have days...those rainy days,they say.”可知,长辈们教我们存钱是因为人生不总是阳光明媚和幸运的,这些好日子可能会有结束的时候。故选C。
(　　)2.What does the underlined phrase “refrain from” mean in Paragraph 3
[A]Select from. [B]Hold back.
[C]Rely on. [D]Prefer to.
B
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据第三段最后一句可知,此处指要为将来而存钱,生活要有预算,花钱需节制,不论贷款的金额有多小都要节制。所以推测refrain from意为“节制,控制”。故选B。
(　　)3.Which of the following opinions would the author agree
[A]To enjoy yourself in the right time.
[B]To wait to travel until we have enough money.
[C]To go backpacking in our 50s.
[D]To live for the future.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,作者认为应该珍惜当下,享受当下,而不是让明天的计划来影响我们现在的生活,要在正确的时间享受生活。故选A。
(　　)4.What should we do with the earnings according to the author
[A]We should save all for rainy days.
[B]We should fulfill our dreams.
[C]We should entertain ourselves.
[D]We should live in the present wisely.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...and enjoy your present...so live it sensibly”可知,作者认为我们应该明智地活在当下。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
　　Several years ago,Ye,a woman from Yunnan Province,started to grow coffee together with other women in her village.There are various
difficulties.The women did not give up 1.　　　　 face the challenges head-on.In May 2021,the coffee beans grown by Ye 2.　 　　　(present) as a gift to representatives of members of the UN Security Council.
but
were presented
Before they started growing coffee,none of Ye and her fellow villagers had known what coffee was like,3.　　 　　(cause) some of them to be uncertain about the prospects of the business.Some villagers expressed their concerns.They asked 4.　　　 　 they could do if they ended up failing 5.　　 　　(sell) the coffee beans.
causing
what
to sell
But Ye was an 6.　　 　　(ambition) woman and told herself that one day she would succeed in growing coffee.She sowed the seeds and took good care of them.She worked hard to improve her planting skills and
7.　　　 　(surprising),she really made it in the end.In 2018,the coffee Ye had grown won first prize in a coffee 8.　　　 　(compete).Through years of efforts,Ye has explored methods to produce coffee 9.　　　　 high quality,selling it at a higher price than 10.　 　　　(import) coffee.Ye said,“Life is a bit like coffee.At first you may find it bitter-tasting,but then you’ll find sweetness in it.”
ambitious
surprisingly
competition
of
imported
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了云南省的叶女士和村里的其他妇女一起种咖啡,尽管遭遇种种困难,但她们没有放弃,最终探索出了生产高品质咖啡的方法,并以比进口咖啡更高的价格出售的事情。
1.【答案】 but
【解析】 考查连词。句中not后的give up与空后的face the challenges head-on之间构成转折,再结合句意和句子结构可知,此处使用了固定搭配not...but...,意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。
2.【答案】 were presented
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,grown by Ye为过去分词短语作定语修饰句子主语the coffee beans,设空处为句子谓语。根据句中In May 2021可知,此处应用一般过去时。句子主语 the coffee beans与present之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语为复数形式。故填were presented。
3.【答案】 causing
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。主句的谓语为had known,设空处在句中作状语,应用非谓语动词。结合句意可知,此处表示自然而然的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填causing。
4.【答案】 what
【解析】 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导宾语从句,作asked的宾语。结合句意可知,设空处在该从句中作do的宾语,意为“什么”。故填what。
5.【答案】 to sell
【解析】 考查动词不定式。 fail to do sth为固定搭配,意为“未能做成某事”。故填to sell。
6.【答案】 ambitious
【解析】 考查形容词。设空处修饰空后的名词woman,应用形容词作定语;结合句意可知,设空处表示“有野心的;有雄心的”。故填ambitious。
7.【答案】 surprisingly
【解析】 考查副词。设空处修饰and后的分句,应用副词作状语,表示“令人惊讶的是”。故填surprisingly。
8.【答案】 competition
【解析】 考查名词。根据空前的in a coffee可知,设空处应用名词作介词in的宾语。由语境可知,设空处表示“比赛”,应用名词 competition;又因设空处在不定冠词a后,应用名词单数形式。故填competition。
9.【答案】 of
【解析】 考查介词。 此处为介词短语 of high quality,意为“高质量的”,作名词coffee的后置定语。故填of。
10.【答案】 imported
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,设空处作定语修饰名词coffee,表示“进口的”,coffee与import之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填imported。(共119张PPT)
Unit 4　
Everyday economics
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
　　In our daily lives,everyday economics plays a crucial role.If some young people whose financial situation is tight want to make ends meet,they should take some practical advice on financial management.When planning a major purchase like a car,they can’t rely on conventional methods.Instead,they should consult a financial consultant,who helps them explore the potential of different options.By analysing their income and expenses,they can make a wiser decision,balancing their dreams with their economic reality.
在我们的日常生活中,日常生活经济学起着至关重要的作用。如果一些财务状况紧张的年轻人想要实现收支平衡,他们应该听取一些实用的理财建议。在计划购买汽车等大件商品时,他们不能依赖传统方法。相反,他们应该咨询财务顾问,财务顾问会帮助他们挖掘不同选择的潜力。通过分析他们的收入和支出,他们可以做出更明智的决定,在梦想与经济现实之间找到平衡。
Starting out,Understanding ideas,
Using language
Part 1
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　 n.女主席;女会长
2. 　　 n.额,前额
3. adj.无表情的,木然的
4. adj.头晕目眩的
5. n.(事物的)潜力,可能性
6. n.投入(物)
写作词汇
chairwoman
forehead
blank
dizzy
potential
input
7. n.阶段,时期
8. v.购买
9. n.奖金;红利
10. adj.质量上乘的,优质的
11. adj.不浓烈的,淡的
12. n.卡(路里)
13. adj.主观的
phase
purchase
bonus
superior
mild
calorie
subjective
1.sunrise　　　　 n.
2.bug n.
3.obstacle n.
4.manufacturer n.
5.cosmetics n.
6.entrepreneurial adj.
7.equator n.
阅读词汇
日出(时分);黎明;拂晓
突然的兴趣,迷恋
障碍,阻碍,妨碍
制造商;制造公司,制造厂
化妆品,美容品
创业的,具有创业精神的
赤道
8.estate n.
9.freshman n.
10.afloat adj.
11.interfere v.
12.rational adj.
13.exceed v.
庄园
(高中或大学的)一年级学生
经济上周转得开的;不欠债的
介入;干涉
(想法、决定等)合理的,基于理性的
超过,超出
拓展词汇
1. adj.有创业精神的;有事业心的;有进取心的→enterprise n.企业;事业;事业心
2. n.顾问→consult v.咨询;请教;当顾问→consultation n.商讨;咨询→consultor n.顾问;咨询者
3. n.(商品的)分销,经销;分布;分配→distribute v.分配;散布;分销;分发→distributor n.经销商;批发商
4. n.指导,引导→guide v.指引;指导 n.向导;指南
enterprising
consultant
distribution
guidance
5. adj.传统的,常规的→convention n.习俗;常规
6. adj.财政的,金融的;财务的→financially adv.财政上;金融上→
finance n.财政;金融v.资助
7. v.积累,积聚→accumulation n.积聚;堆积物→accumulative adj.积累而成的;累积的
8. adv.自动地→automatic adj.自动的;不假思索的;无意识的→automation n.自动化
9. v.不公正地区别对待,歧视→discrimination n.区别对待;歧视
conventional
financial
accumulate
automatically
discriminate
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.take a deep breath　　　
2.be fond of
3.end up
4.in the hope of
5.make ends meet　
6.keep...in mind
深呼吸,深吸一口气
喜欢
结果为……,以……结束;最终……
希望……
使收支仅能相抵
记住……
7.interfere with
8.go into debt
9.struggle to do sth
10.be bitten by
the...bug
妨碍,阻止
陷入债务之中,负债
努力做某事
对……产生深厚的兴趣
重点句型
1.They stared back, as to what they would say next.(独立主格结构)
他们面无表情地凝视着(她),让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。
2.And that is
.(why引导表语从句)
这就是为什么我需要你们的帮助,使这个全新的、激动人心的创业项目获得成功。
their blank faces giving no clue
why I need your help in turning my new and exciting business
into a successful one
3.
Zhang realised the potential.(It was...that...强调句型)
直到她结束海外留学生活,回国看望父母时,才意识到这里的潜力。
4.Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses,
.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
因此,张悦决定回到家乡,开始种植玫瑰,这让很多人感到惊讶。
It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to
visit her parents that
which
surprised many people
5.The road to their success is however still a long and difficult one,
.(with复合结构)
不过他们的成功之路仍然漫长而艰难,一路上会遇到许多挑战。
6. is a sound business plan,access to capital,and good management and negotiating skills. (what引导主语从句)
真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划,获得资金的渠道,以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。
with
many challenges along the way
What really matters
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与社会——大学毕业生的创业故事
2.语篇类型:新闻特写
3.课文内容分析:文章介绍了主人公大学毕业后的创业经历、心得体会和她对有创业意向的年轻人的建议。阅读本文有利于学生基于课文内容联系自身生活实际,从成功创业的主人公身上汲取积极的人生态度,学习她的个人品质,辩证地思考年轻人创业的问题,加深对单元主题的认知。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
Chairwoman
home town
suitable
investment
realistic
determination
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What’s the main idea of the passage
[A]Zhang Yue’s entrepreneurial process and suggestions for young people.
[B]The reasons why Zhang Yue chose to grow roses.
[C]How to start your own business.
[D]The introduction to Zhang Yue.
A
(　　)2.What can we learn from the first paragraph
[A]Zhang Yue was not confident.
[B]Zhang Yue needed to be recognised by others.
[C]Zhang Yue was anxious that her speech wasn’t successful.
[D]Zhang Yue explained the reason why she needed help.
D
(　　)3.Which of the following can best describe Zhang’s attitude towards the young people starting businesses
[A]Optimistic. [B]Disapproval.
[C]Favourable. [D]Objective.
D
二次开发·深研课文
▲
As chairwoman of her own company,Zhang Yue was having her presentation in the television studio.
Zhang never thought she would end up growing roses.After 1.　　　　(graduate) from university overseas and returning to visit her parents,she realised her home town is 2.　　　 　 ideal place where roses grow wild.
Zhang therefore decided 3.　　 　　 (return) to her home town and grow roses,which 4.　 　　　(surprise) many people.
graduating
an
to return
surprised
Zhang is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start-up bug.All over the world,an increasing number 5.　　　 enterprising young people are thinking of starting their own businesses.A few,like Zhang Yue,
find 6.　　 　　 (them) lucky enough to get investment and the all-important input and support from more experienced business people.The road to their success is however still a long and difficult one,with many challenges along the way.
of
themselves
As someone 7.　　　 　 grew up in the country,Zhang already knew about growing plants.8.　 　　　,like any entrepreneur who was just starting out,she still had a lot to learn.She has overcome a number of obstacles in nursing her business to the success it is today.Seeing her peers who also dream of success and9.　　 　　(independent),Zhang has mixed feelings.Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit,she advises that people be 10.　　 　　(real) and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things.
who
However
independence
realistic
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.blank adj.无表情的,木然的;空的;茫然的;完全的;彻底的 n.空白 v.突然忘掉;毫不理睬(某人)
[教材原句] They stared back,their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next.
他们面无表情地凝视着(她),让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。
[例](读后续写之神态描写)When she received the gift,she had a blank expression on her face,not knowing who sent it.
当她收到这份礼物时,脸上露出茫然的神情,不知道是谁送的。
[例](应用文写作之道歉信) I am writing to sincerely apologise for my mind going blank during our important meeting yesterday.
我写信是为我昨天在重要会议期间大脑突然一片空白而真诚道歉。
归纳拓展
·go blank (脑子)一片空白
a blank expression/look木然的表情/神色
·fill in the blank(s)填空
·blank out抹去;取消;变得空白
[语境运用] 完成句子
When she heard the shocking news,her brain suddenly 　　 　　　(一片空白) and she didn’t know how to react.
(读后续写之动作描写) She tried to 　　　　 　 (抹去) the embarrassing experience when she walked into the crowded room.
(读后续写之表情描写)The madam stared at me with
(一副木然的表情) on her face.
The teacher asked us to 　　　　　　　 　　(填空) with appropriate pronouns in the following passage.
went blank
blank out
a blank expression
fill in the blanks
2.take a deep breath深呼吸,深吸一口气
[教材原句] Feeling dizzy,Zhang Yue took a deep breath as she struggled to finish her presentation...
张悦感到一阵眩晕,做了个深呼吸,然后努力完成她的陈述……
[例](读后续写之动作描写)He took a deep breath and dived into the water.
他深吸一口气,潜入水中。
[例](应用文写作之求助信) I take a deep breath to calm myself down because I’m organising a community event and I really need your help.
我深吸一口气让自己平静下来,因为我正在组织一场社区活动,并且我真的需要你的帮助。
[例](2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second,but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed a sigh of relief.
那人愣了一会儿,但当他看到那个瘦骨嶙峋的男孩时,他松了一口气。
归纳拓展
·breathe v.呼吸
breathe in吸气,吸入(气体)
breathe out呼气,呼出(气体)
breathe life into给……注入活力
·breath n.呼吸
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
out of breath上气不接下气
catch one’s breath喘口气;歇口气
[语境运用] 完成句子
(读后续写之心理描写)With butterflies in my stomach,I
(深吸一口气) to keep myself calm.
I　　　　　　　　　(上气不接下气) when I got to the top of the hill.
(读后续写之场景描写)As the runners approached the finish line,the crowd 　　　　　　　　　　 (屏住呼吸) to see who would win.
took a deep breath
was out of breath
held their breath
语
境
串
词
As walking along the path towards the mountaintop,I breathed in fresh air,feeling energetic.Before reaching the top of the mountain,I was already out of breath,so I stopped to catch my breath and gazed at the scenery below.Suddenly,I held my breath.I was fascinated by it.The season breathed life into all things,and everything became so attractive.
当沿着小路往山顶走时,我呼吸着新鲜的空气,感到精力充沛。还没有到山顶,我就已经上气不接下气了,于是我停下来喘口气,注视着山下的景色。突然,我屏住了呼吸。我被它迷住了。这个季节给万物注入了活力,一切都变得如此迷人。
3.end up结果为……,以……结束;最终……
[教材原句] Zhang never thought that this was something she would end up doing.
张悦以前从未想过自己会做这一行。
[例]The party ended up with a beautiful song.
聚会以一首动听的歌曲结束。
end up with 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词,强调方式)
[例](应用文写作之道歉信)If you don’t sincerely apologise for your mistake,
you might end up losing a good friend.
如果你不真诚地为你的错误道歉,你最终可能会失去一位好朋友。
end up doing sth最终做某事;以做某事而告终
归纳拓展
end up doing sth最终做某事;以做某事而告终
end up with 以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词,强调方式)
end up in 以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词,强调结果)
end up as最终成为/变成……(后接表职位或身份的名词)
关于end的其他短语:
bring an end to sth 使某事结束;put an end to sth 结束某事;come to an end 结束;make ends meet 使收支仅能相抵;in the end 最终,最后;at the end of
在……的末尾;by the end of 到……结束时;on end 连续地;竖着,直立着
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The brave girl ends up 　 　　　 (become) an important member of the team.
After years of hard work and dedication,he ended up 　　　　 the CEO of a large corporation.
(读后续写之动作描写)The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on their feet clapping for 10 minutes 　　　　 the end of the show.
becoming
as
at
Last week,it kept raining for 3 days　　　　　　　(连续) in their city.
As a doctor,he aims to　　　　　　　　　　 (使结束) his patients’ suffering.
on end
bring an end to
4.distribution n.(商品的)分销,经销;分布;分配
·distribute v.分配;散布;分销;分发
·distributor n.经销商;批发商
[教材原句] After I went on TV,a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to purchase my product and help with its distribution.
我上了电视后,一家亚洲大型化妆品制造商表示愿意购买我的产品并且帮忙分销。
[例]Who is in charge of the distribution of food and clothing to areas in need
谁负责向有需要的地区分发食物和衣服
[例](应用文写作之报道)Last week,the organisation distributed food to the earthquake victims.
上个星期,这个机构向地震灾民分发了食物。
[例](读后续写之环境描写)The random distribution of colourful streamers across the room added a festive and lively atmosphere to the party.
房间里五颜六色的彩带随意分布,为聚会增添了欢乐活泼的氛围。
distribute...to...把……分给……
归纳拓展
distribute...to...把……分给……
distribute...among...在……中分发……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The map shows the 　　　 　(distribute) of the statues in the Mogao Grottoes.
You can get the book through your local 　　 　　 (distribute).
(应用文写作之通知)The prizes　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (将被分发给获胜者).
distribution
distributors
will be distributed to the winners
语
境
串
词
The company has a well-organised distribution system to ensure that products are efficiently distributed to its distributors across the country.
该公司拥有一套井然有序的分销体系,以确保产品能被高效地配送给全国的经销商。
5.guidance n.指导,引导
·guide v.指引;指导 n.向导;指南
[教材原句] Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit,she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things.
尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现,但她也建议他们要现实一些,在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。
[例](2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your “guidance” till they lose.
你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱,迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。
[例]We were guided around the museum.
我们在导游的带领下参观了博物馆。
[例]The young hikers were a bit lost in the forest,but under the guidance of him,they managed to reach the campsite safely.
年轻的徒步旅行者们在森林里有点迷路了,但在他的指引下,他们设法安全抵达了营地。
归纳拓展
·under one’s guidance=under the guidance of sb在某人的指导下
guidance on...关于……的指导
career guidance就业指导
·guide sb to/through/around...带领某人到/穿过/参观……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/句式升级
(应用文写作之推荐信)The students made significant progress in their studies　　　　 the guidance of their teachers.
The teacher gave us some valuable guidance　　　　 preparing for the upcoming exam.
We were guided by a local guide and visited the famous building.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we visited the famous building.(过去分词短语作状语)
under
on
Guided by a local guide
6.consultant n.顾问
·consult v.咨询;请教;当顾问
·consultation n.商讨;咨询
·consultor n.顾问;咨询者
[教材原句] Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit,she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things.
尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现,但她也建议他们要现实一些,在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。
[例]She works as a financial consultant,helping clients to manage their investments.
她担任财务顾问,帮助客户管理他们的投资。
[例]He was happy to act as a consultant to the company.
他很乐意担任该公司的顾问。
[例]I need to consult with my lawyer before making a decision.
在做决定前我需要和我的律师商议一下。
归纳拓展
consult with sb (about/on sth)与某人磋商(某事);向某人咨询
(某事)
consult sb about/on...就……向某人请教/询问
consult a dictionary (=refer to a dictionary=look sth up in a dictionary)查词典
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
As a marketing 　　 　　 (consult),she offers valuable strategies to boost sales for various businesses.
I need to consult 　　　　 my colleagues 　 　　　 the proposals.

　　　　　　　　　　 　　 (经常查词典) helps me expand my vocabulary step by step.
consultant
with
about/on
Consulting a dictionary/Referring to a dictionary/Looking something up
in a dictionary regularly
7.keep (bear)...in mind 记住……
[教材原句] But keep two things in mind:make sure that it doesn’t interfere with your studies,and pay any tax as required by law.
但要记住两件事:确保它不会干扰你的学习,并按照法律规定缴纳任何税款。
[例]It is not easy to keep what you have told me in mind.
记住你告诉我的话并不容易。
[例](应用文写作之建议信)If you’re going to adopt a pet,keep in mind that it requires a long-term commitment.You need to be responsible for its food, healthcare and companionship.
如果你打算收养一只宠物,请记住这需要长期的投入。你需要对它的食物、医疗保健和陪伴负责。
归纳拓展
·mind doing sth 介意做某事
mind your own business 少管闲事
·make up one’s mind 下定决心
lose one’s mind 失去理智
change one’s mind 改变主意
bring...to mind 想起……;回忆起……
focus one’s mind on...把注意力集中在……
have a mind of one’s own有主见;有自己的想法
[语境运用] 完成句子
He has been thinking about it for weeks,but he still hasn’t　　　　　　　　　　　　(下定决心) about whether to accept the invitation.
He at first opposed the idea,but later　　　　　　　　　　　　(改变了主意) after seeing the positive results.
He 　　 　　　　　　(记住) what his mother told him and gets on well with his workmates.
These old photos　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　(勾起美好的回忆),
which he felt pleased with.
made up his mind
changed his mind
keeps in mind
brought good memories to mind
8.go into debt陷入债务之中,负债
[教材原句] Avoid luxuries so that you don’t go into debt.
避免购买奢侈品,这样你就不会负债。
[例]It’s always easier to go into debt than out of debt!
长久以来,负债容易还债难!
[例](读后续写之情感描写)The thought of having to go into debt to pay for his failed business venture made him feel a deep sense of shame.
一想到要为他失败的商业投资项目负债,他就感到深深的羞愧。
归纳拓展
be in debt欠债,负债(表示状态)
be out of debt不负债
get out of debt不再负债;还清债务
pay off one’s debt还清某人的债务
[语境运用] 完成句子
Since they bought the house,the Smiths have been 　　　　　(欠着债) these years.
I look forward to 　　　　　　　　　　(还清我的债务) day and night.
It is unwise of you to 　　　　　　　　(负债).
The young man has worked for ten years and now he is 　　　　　　　　(不负债).
in debt
paying off my debt
go into debt
out of debt
重点句式
独立主格结构
▲
[教材原句] They stared back, their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next.
他们面无表情地凝视着(她),让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。
[例](2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)As I spoke,I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates,their eyes reflecting curiosity and respect.
当我说话的时候,我注意到同学们全神贯注,他们的眼睛里流露出好奇和尊重。
[例]The problems solved,the product quality has been improved.
随着问题的解决,产品质量已经提高了。
[例]His friends to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.
他的朋友们今晚要来,他正忙着准备晚餐。
归纳拓展
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致,它独立存在。该结构一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。常见的独立主格结构有:
(1)名词/代词+名词
(2)名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语
(3)名词/代词+doing/done/to do
[语境运用] 完成句子
阵雨过后,我们继续前进。
　　　　　　　　　　　,we continued to march.
这个学生专心地听着,他的眼睛盯着黑板。
The student listened attentively,　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　.
有许多工作要做,他必须待在家里一整天。
　　　　　　　　　　,he has to stay at home all day.
我站在讲台上,我的心跳得很快。
I stood on the platform, 　 　　　　　.
The shower being over
his eyes fixed on the blackboard
Much work to do
my heart beating fast
强调句型
▲
[教材原句] It was only then that the locals began to believe me.
直到那时本地人才开始相信我。
[例]It was in the street that I met Li Hua yesterday.
我昨天是在街上碰到李华的。
[例]It was not until three days later that he returned home,tired and exhausted.
直到三天后他才疲惫不堪地回到家。
归纳拓展
(1)强调句型的基本结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构:Is/Was+it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分
此外,由特殊疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时,从句必须用陈述语序。
(4)“not...until”的强调句型结构:It is/was not until...+that+句子其他部分。
①用is 还是was 要根据原句的时态而定:属于现在或将来时间范畴的所有时态用is;属于过去时间范畴的所有时态用was。
②被强调部分指人时,引导词可以用who 代替that,其他情况一律用that。对地点状语或时间状语(短语或从句)进行强调时,引导词不能用where或when,而用that。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 按括号中的提示改写句子
He saw a beautiful bird in the forest yesterday afternoon.

(强调主语)

(强调宾语)
It was he that/who saw a beautiful bird in the forest yesterday afternoon.
It was a beautiful bird that he saw in the forest yesterday afternoon.

(强调地点状语)

(强调时间状语)
It was in the forest that he saw a beautiful bird yesterday afternoon.
It was yesterday afternoon that he saw a beautiful bird in the forest.
长难句分析
[教材原句]“The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me, which was totally outside my experience.Few in the village believed I could create a multi-million yuan business from flowers,” says Zhang.
尝试分析:本句是复合句。 是which引导的非限制性定语从句, 是省略that的宾语从句。
自主翻译:“在初始阶段,最大的挑战就是说服人们来为我工作,这完全超出了我的经验范围。村里几乎没人相信我能从花卉生意中赚到几百万元。”张悦说。
[语境运用] 情境写作
(读后续写之主题升华)对我来说,最大的挑战就是在面对任何问题的时候都能冷静下来,这完全超出了我的能力范围。但有时我坚信我一定能成功。
The biggest challenge for me is to calm down when I’m faced with any problems,which is totally beyond my abilitjy.But sometimes I believe strongly I can make it.
语法微专题4
复习定语从句
语法原句再现
She couldn’t,however,hide the line of sweat running down her forehead, which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio,but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her.
The place where this happens is a valley,a world away from any television studio.
This is a place where roses grow wild.
Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses, which surprised many people.
As someone who grew up in the country,Zhang already knew about growing plants.
However,like any entrepreneur who was just starting out,she still had a lot to learn.
The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me,which was totally outside my experience.
Seeing her peers who also dream of success and independence,Zhang has mixed feelings.
For young people who have little life experience,that can be a challenge.
观察以上例句,看看它们分别包含什么从句,这些从句的引导词是什么,以及这些引导词在句中作什么成分。
语法知识点拨
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
引导定语从句的关系代词有who、whom、which、that、whose、as等,关系代词在从句中可作主语、宾语、定语等。
1.who、whom、that所代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
The man who(m) you saw just now is our manager.
你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理。
The person that you are looking for is downstairs.
你在找的那个人在楼下。
2.whose既可指人又可指物,在定语从句中作定语。指物时,“whose+名词”可用“the+名词+of which”或“of which+the+名词”来代替。
I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.
我住在一对夫妻的隔壁,他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。
This is the house whose window (the window of which/of which the window) was broken last night.
这就是昨晚窗户被打破的那所房子。
3.which、that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
He will tell you everything that he heard about it.
他将告诉你他所听到的关于这件事的一切。
The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspiration for great inventions.
在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。
指物时,关系代词that和which在一般情况下可以互相换用,但用法又有区别。
(1)在以下几种情况中,只能用that,不能用which。
①先行词是all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、few、little、much等不定代词或先行词被all、every、some、any、no、few、little等修饰时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr Li has said
你把李老师说的话都记下来了吗
温馨提示
②先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only、the very(恰恰,正好)、the last等修饰时。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the only thing that we can do now.
这是我们目前唯一能做的事。
③先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about
你知道他们正在谈论的事和人吗
温馨提示
(2)在以下几种情况中,只能用which,不能用that。
①在非限制性定语从句中,从句中缺少主语或宾语且指物时。
Tom won the game,which made us happy.
汤姆赢得了那场比赛,这使我们很高兴。
②关系代词充当介词的宾语,且介词位于关系代词之前时。
I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the countryside.
我永远也不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
In ancient China lived an artist 　　　　 paintings were almost lifelike.
Many lessons are now available online,from 　　　　 students can choose for free.
I like to live in the house 　　　 　 lies near the river.
The book,　　　　 I borrowed from the library,is interesting.
Do you have anything 　　　　 you want to say to your parents
whose
which
which/that
which
that
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1.关系副词when引导的定语从句
先行词是表示时间的名词,且从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语时,引导词常用关系副词when。when在从句中充当时间状语,也可用“介词+which”结构代替。
Do you know the date when he was born
你知道他的出生日期吗
The moment when/at which our team won the game was unforgettable.
我们队赢得比赛的那一刻令人难忘。
2.关系副词where引导的定语从句
(1)先行词是表示地点的名词,且从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语时,引导词常用关系副词where,where在从句中充当地点状语。
Keep the books in a place where you can find them easily.
请把书放在一个你容易找到的地方。
(2)有时先行词是表示抽象意义的地点名词,如activity、business、career、case、aim、point、position、race、stage、situation等。当从句中缺少状语时,用关系副词where。
(应用文写作之建议信) Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience of growth.
学生们应该参与社团活动,在这些活动中他们可以获得成长经验。
They have reached the point where they have to try their best.
他们已经到了必须全力以赴的地步。
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
把孩子放在一个他们能够从不同角度看待自己的环境中是有帮助的。
3.关系副词why引导的定语从句
关系副词why引导定语从句时,修饰表示原因的名词,只能在定语从句中作原因状语,可用for which代替,有时也可以省略。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer
这就是他拒绝我们提议的理由吗
①当先行词是表示时间/地点的名词时,既可以用when/where引导定语从句,也可以用that/which引导,关键要看定语从句中缺少什么成分。若定语从句中缺少时间状语/地点状语,则用when/where;若缺少主语或宾语,则用that/which。
Do you still remember the days(that/which) we spent together on the farm
你还记得我们一起在农场度过的那些日子吗 (that/which作spend的宾语)
温馨提示
Do you still remember the days when we studied together late into the night
你还记得我们一起学习到深夜的那些日子吗 (when在定语从句中作状语)
My grandfather worked in a factory which/that makes radio parts.
我的祖父曾在一家制造收音机零件的工厂里工作。(which/that在定语从句中作主语)
My grandfather worked in a factory where he learnt many valuable skills from his experienced colleagues.
我的祖父曾在一家工厂工作,在那里他从经验丰富的同事那里学到了许多宝贵的技能。(where在定语从句中作状语)
温馨提示
②reason作先行词时,若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,从句要用that/ which引导。
The boss doesn’t want to hear any reason(that/which) you might give.
老板不想听你可能给出的任何理由。
The boss doesn’t want to hear any reason why the equipment keeps breaking down.
老板不想听任何关于设备为何不断出故障的理由。
温馨提示
4.way和 time后接定语从句的情况
(1)当先行词是way(意为“方式,方法”,且关系词在定语从句中作状语)时,引导定语从句的关系词可以是that、in which或省略。
I’m angry with the way that he was treated.
他被对待的方式让我气愤。
(2)当先行词是time时,若time作“次数”讲,应用关系代词that/which引导定语从句,that/which可省略;若time作“一段时间,时代”讲,应用关系副词when或“介词at/during+which”引导定语从句。
This is the first time (that) he has been on board a ship.
这是他第一次坐船。
There was a time when I went to bed late.
曾经有一段时间我睡得很晚。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
I have reached a point in my life 　　　　 I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
Can you tell me the reason 　 the dog has been barking continuously all night
There are occasions 　　 　　 a simple smile can brighten someone’s day.
I don’t like the way 　 　　　 you talk to your mother.
where
why
when/on which
that/in which/不填
三、“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句
1.关系代词前的介词的确定
(1)根据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定。
The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.
和我说话的那个人起初没有回答。(speak to)
The West Lake,for which Hangzhou is famous,is a beautiful place.
西湖是一个美丽的地方,杭州因其而闻名。(be famous for)
(2)根据先行词来确定。
Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes in which people were hurt by tigers.
许多看过这部电影的人一想起人们被老虎伤害的场景就不敢去森林了。(in the scenes)
(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。
Air,without which man can’t live,is really important.
空气真的很重要,没有它人类就无法生存。(live without)
2.“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构
常见的此类结构有“some/many/most/all/none+of+which/whom”等。
I have about 20 books,some of which were written by Bing Xin.
我有大约二十本书,其中一些是冰心写的。
3.“复合介词短语+which”引导的定语从句,其从句部分与先行词之间常用逗号隔开,且从句部分常用倒装语序。
The building is our classroom,in front of which stands a big tree.
前面有棵大树的那座建筑是我们的教室。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
The little girl is reading a book,　　 　　 there are some pictures.
The man 　　 　　 he is speaking is our maths teacher.
The pen 　 　　　 the writer created his best-selling novel has a story behind it.
He is the right person 　　　 　 the success of this project largely depends.
in which
to whom
with which
on whom
四、as引导的定语从句
1.as作为关系代词,在定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时使用。通常先行词由the same、as、such、so等修饰时,关系代词用as。
They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.
他们只能读这样一些用简单英语改写过的故事。(as作主语)
These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.
这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。(as作宾语)
This is the same knife as I lost.
这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。(as 作宾语)
2.关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句时,意为“正如,正像”,as引导的句子可放在句首、句中或句末。
(应用文写作之介绍信)As everybody knows,China is a charming country.
众所周知,中国是一个有魅力的国家。
We were sitting,as I remember,in a riverside restaurant.
我记得我们当时是坐在河边的一个餐馆里。
(2)which引导定语从句代指前面整句话的内容时,意为“这,这一点”,which引导的句子可放在句中或句末。
The manager often changed his mind,which made us very angry.
经理经常改变想法,这使我们很生气。
(3)as常用于习惯用语as often happens、as I remember、as is often the case、as is expected、as is known to us、as is shown等以及“such/so...as...”结构中。as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。
He shouts when he gets angry,as is often the case.
他生气时就大叫,这是常有的事。
As we had expected,the plan worked out very well.
正如我们所预料的,这个计划实施得非常好。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
　　　　 is known to us,perseverance is often the key that unlocks the door to success.
This is the same book 　　　　 I bought yesterday.
He finished the task ahead of time,　　　　 is very important to us.
As
as
which
五、定语从句中的主谓一致
1.关系代词作从句的主语时,从句中谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致,先行词是句子时,从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
Don’t choose him,who is not fit for the job.
不要选他,他不适合这份工作。
2.先行词是“one of +可数名词复数”,关系词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词用复数形式(因为此时的先行词是of后的可数名词复数,而不是one)。
She is one of the students who are late.
她是迟到的学生当中的一个。
3.先行词是“the only one of+可数名词复数”,关系词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词用单数形式(因为此时的先行词是the only one,而不是of 后的可数名词复数)。
This is the only one of the rooms that is free now.
这是现在唯一空闲的房间。
She is the only one of the girls who plays the piano well.
她是那些女孩中唯一一个弹钢琴弹得好的。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
She is the only one of the girls who 　　　　 (be) there before.
We depend on him,who 　　　　 (be) extremely reliable and never lets us down in any situation.
He is one of the students who 　 　 　　 (praise) by the teacher.
has been
is
were praised
六、定语从句与状语从句、同位语从句的区别
1.定语从句与状语从句
(1)定语从句修饰、限制先行词,常放在先行词的后面,而状语从句说明动作发生的情况,可以放在主句的前面或后面。
Do you know the time when the meeting was over (when引导定语从句)
When the meeting was over,it was already five o’clock.(when引导时间状语从句)
(2)when、where 和 why 在引导定语从句时可以用“介词+which”的结构来替换,在引导状语从句时则不行。
This is the office where/at which I once worked.(where引导定语从句)
Put back the book where it was.(where引导状语从句)
(3)定语从句中的关系代词在从句中充当某种句子成分,因此去掉之后从句成分不完整;而状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分。
It is such an interesting book as we all like.(as引导定语从句,作动词like的
宾语)
It is such an interesting book that we all like it.(that引导结果状语从句,不充当从句的成分,但不能去掉)
2.定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词,对先行词起修饰或限制的作用,与先行词之间有从属关系。同位语从句的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步的解释,是前面名词的具体内容,与前面名词之间是同位关系。
The suggestion that he came up with is practical.(that引导的是定语从句,that代替先行词在从句中充当宾语,可省略)
He gave me a suggestion that we should read aloud every morning.(that引导的是同位语从句,that在从句中不作成分,但不可省略)
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
I’ve received a message 　　　　 the meeting won’t be held tomorrow.
The news 　　　 　 he told me yesterday is true.
That is the city 　 　　　 my family once lived.
that
that/which/不填
where/in which
真题体验
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa,　　　　 the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为in South Africa,表示地点。故填where。
where
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念)
Tang Xianzu,　　 　　 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”,add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon,William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处为非限制性定语从句的关系词,在从句中充当主语,先行词为Tang Xianzu,指人。故填who。
who
3.(2023·全国乙卷) The remarkable development of this city,　　　　is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world,means there is always something new to discover here.
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中充当主语,先行词为development,指物。故填which。
which
4.(2023·全国乙卷) The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman 　　　　 hair color looked just perfect.
whose
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,在从句中作定语,修饰先行词woman。故填whose。
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.句子语法填空
1.The scientist and his achievements 　　　　 you told us are admired by us all.
2.Do you know the year 　　　　 this wildlife conservation organisation was founded
3.Is there anyone in your class 　　　　 family is running hotels
4.I want to use the same dictionary 　　　　 was used yesterday.
5.The way 　　 　　 he explained the sentence to us was difficult to understand.
that
when
whose
as
that/in　which/不填
6.Many young people,most of 　　　 were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
7.My connection with pandas goes back to my days in the mid-1980s,　　　　 I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas.
whom
when
Ⅱ.语篇填空
Easter Island is a place 1.　　　 　 large stone statues stand by the ocean.No one knows for certain how the statues were transported by the islanders,most of 2.　　　　 lived far away from where the stones were.It was impossible for men to carry the large stone statues,several of 3.
were too heavy.People doubt that they were dragged over the land
4.　　 　　 is too rough.Some people think that the islanders used large strong wooden tools,but there is not enough evidence to prove this.
where
whom
which
which/that
The wood for making the tools must have come from big trees 5.　　　　 did not exist on the island.According to the islanders,the finished statues were transported by those 6.　　　　 had magic powers,because the statues were built during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries,when a mysterious society ruled the island.
which/that
who(共35张PPT)
Unit 4　课时作业(四)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.blank
(分值:52.5分)
单元知识综合练
A.adj.无表情的;木然的　B.adj.空白的;空的 C.n.空白处;空格　
D.v.毫不理睬(某人)　E.v.突然忘掉;突然思路模糊
①I saw her on the bus this morning,but she totally blanked me.　　　
②I knew the answer,but I totally blanked during the test.　　　
③He handed me a blank piece of paper and asked me to write down my thoughts.　　　
D
E
B
④She listened to the bad news with a blank look,showing no emotion.
　　　
⑤Put a word in each blank to complete the sentence.　　　
A
C
A.adj.无表情的;木然的　B.adj.空白的;空的 C.n.空白处;空格　
D.v.毫不理睬(某人)　E.v.突然忘掉;突然思路模糊
2.写出下列句中黑体词的含义。
①As I can see,there is a bug in the software.
　　　 　　　　
②Closure of the hospitals was phased over a three-year period.
　 　　　　　　
③(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.　　　　　
④The government must take effective measures to deliver the goal of sustainable development.　　　　　　　
(计算机程序中的)漏洞;错误;故障
分阶段进行;逐步做
疾病
实现
⑤(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material
　　　 　　　
涉及
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
How to Start a Business
Nowadays many young people are thinking about starting their own businesses.However,setting up on your own will by no means be easy.1.　　
　　Make a business plan.
If you decide to start a business,the first thing you must do is draw up a realistic business plan—this is a working document that describes the business,its objectives,its financial forecasts and so on.2.　　
C
G
　　3.　　
Once you have a detailed business plan and enough evidence to prove that your idea is viable (可行的),it is time to go and see the bank manager.It is important to shop around to find which bank offers the best deal and who you feel most comfortable with.Make sure what you’re getting is right for you and your business.
A
　　Develop a survival strategy.
4.　　 　 One of the biggest stumbling blocks to people starting a business can be understanding all the legislation (法规).That can be tax, employment,trade,health and safety or the environment.It can be confusing if you have never run your own business.
　　Get yourself noticed.
In order to make your business a success,you must ensure that consumers know it exists.5.　　　 For example,if you are running a local plumbing company,then delivering leaflets in your area would be a good option.
D
F
A.Get access to finance.
B.Be sure to attract much attention.
C.The tips below may help you to start a business.
D.Make sure you are running your business by law.
E.So it is really important to make a business plan.
F.Choosing how to advertise depends on the type of the business.
G.A bank would not consider lending money unless you show a detailed business plan.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要给自主创业的人们提出了一些建议。
1.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据下文的几个小标题并结合上文内容可知,本空承接上文内容并引起下文,起承上启下的作用。C项符合题意。故选C。
2.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据本段小标题“做一份企划书”可知,本段内容与企划书有关,G项“除非你拿出详细的企划书,否则银行是不会考虑给你贷款的”符合题意, business plan是关键词。故选G。
3.【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文的内容“找银行贷款”并结合常识可知,本段主要说明如何获得融资渠道。A项符合题意。故选A。
4.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“can be understanding all the legislation (法规)”可知,D项“确保你在依法经营你的公司”符合题意。故选D。
5.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据本段小标题可知,本段是讲如何把自己的公司宣传出去,让消费者知道你的公司的存在。空后列举了一个具体事例进行说明。F项符合题意。故选F。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
　　Some people say he is a hero.Some people say he is silly.Emmanuel Tulor thinks he did the 　1　 thing.
The 18-year-old from Liberia found $50,000 on the highway.He gave it back to the 　2　.Life in Liberia isn’t 　3　.The country went through 14 years of civil wars.Tulor started driving a motorcycle taxi to 　4　 money.One day,he was 　5　 on the highway when he saw a bunch of money wrapped in a plastic bag.It had been 　6　 on the road unnoticed.There were thousands of dollars inside.“I was 　7　 because it was plenty,” he said,“and so I brought it home and gave it to my aunt to 　8　 until the owner could ask for it.”
That day,Musu Yancy,the businesswoman who had lost the money,went on the radio 　9　 for her money and appealing to anyone who found it.So he took it to her.Yancy gave him a(n) 　10　 of cash and some gifts,which was worth about $1,500 in all.Yancy celebrated with Tulor.
Tulor said that while many Liberians were praising his actions,others, including some friends,　11　 him.They said he should keep the money. “Since my decision,when I have a(n) 　12　 on the highway and some of my rider friends see me,they don’t help;they say I was 　13　 to find and return money.I should let the money help me.”
Tulor still thinks he made the right choice.He thinks people should
　14　 lost things and the cash they find.Tulor plans to 　15　 the gifts and cash with some people who were with him when he found the cash.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一个利比里亚的18岁男孩在公路上捡到五万美元后将钱物归原主的故事。
(　　)1.
C
【解析】 根据最后一段中的“Tulor still thinks he made the right choice.”可知,Tulor一直认为自己做了正确的(right)事情。故选C。
[A]strange [B]foolish
[C]right [D]wrong
(　　)2.
A
【解析】 根据第三段中的“That day,Musu Yancy,the businesswoman...took it to her.”可知,他把钱还给了失主(owner)。故选A。
[A]owner [B]police
[C]person [D]school
(　　)3.
D
【解析】 根据下文“The country went through 14 years of civil wars.”可知,利比里亚经历常年战乱,这里的生活是不容易的(easy)。故选D。
[A]hard [B]poor
[C]happy [D]easy
(　　)4.
D
【解析】 根据上文“Tulor started driving a motorcycle taxi”及空后的money可知,此处指Tulor开摩的赚(make)钱。故选D。
[A]borrow [B]pick
[C]produce [D]make
(　　)5.
C
[A]wandering [B]swinging
[C]driving [D]posing
【解析】 根据上文“Tulor started driving a motorcycle taxi”及空后的on the highway可知,此处指他在公路上开(driving)摩托车。故选C。
(　　)6.
A
【解析】 根据下文可知,钱掉(dropped)在路上,没有被注意到。故选A。
[A]dropped [B]placed
[C]buried [D]forgot
(　　)7.
A
【解析】 根据下文“because it was plenty”可知,在他发现里面有5万美元的时候应该是很害怕的(afraid)。故选A。
[A]afraid [B]excited
[C]content [D]curious
(　　)8.
D
【解析】 根据下文“until the owner could ask for it”可知,他把钱带回家让他姑姑保管(keep),直到失主来寻找它。故选D。
[A]check [B]donate
[C]hide [D]keep
(　　)9.
B
【解析】 根据上文及常识可知,丢失的数额很大,失主Musu Yancy丢失钱后很着急,crying能够形容失主急切的心情。故选B。
[A]shouting [B]crying
[C]arguing [D]complaining
(　　)10.
C
【解析】 根据下文及常识可知,Yancy找到了自己丢失的钱,给了Tulor一些现金和礼物作为回报(reward)。故选C。
[A]award [B]room
[C]reward [D]prize
(　　)11.
B
【解析】 根据上文“Tulor said that while many Liberians were praising his actions”中的while可知,此处与praising表达的意思正相反,B项的made fun of (取笑)符合题意,呼应第一段中的“Some people say he is silly.”。故选B。
[A]caught up with
[B]made fun of
[C]relied on
[D]looked up to
(　　)12.
C
【解析】 根据下文可知,Tulor的车出现故障(breakdown)的时候,没有人来帮忙。故选C。
[A]outcome [B]breakout
[C]breakdown [D]breakthrough
(　　)13.
B
【解析】 根据第一段中的“Some people say he is silly.”以及空前的“they don’t help”可知,他们认为Tulor把捡到的钱归还给失主是很傻的(silly)行为。故选B。
[A]cautious [B]silly
[C]honest [D]generous
(　　)14.
C
【解析】 根据上文可知,他认为人们应该归还(return)捡到的失物和钱款。故选C。
[A]ignore [B]seek
[C]return [D]report
(　　)15.
A
【解析】 根据下文可知,Tulor打算把礼物和现金分享(share)给在他发现现金时和他在一起的那几个人。故选A。
[A]share [B]accept
[C]tolerate [D]purchase
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
全世界都在提倡网络支付,请以“The Advantages of Online Payment”为题,用英语写一篇短文,阐述网络支付的好处。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.标题和开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
The Advantages of Online Payment
Online payment has been advocated around the world,which is the future way to pay bills.
[写作指导]
　　One possible version:
The Advantages of Online Payment
Online payment has been advocated around the world,which is the future way to pay bills. In China,online payment is popular everywhere.The advantages of online payment are obvious.
Firstly,it saves people’s time to pay bills.The online payment is carried out with a smartphone.Especially when we go to the supermarket,there are always a lot of people waiting in the long line.Secondly,people don’t have to worry about getting the fake cash.Now,as the cash has been used less,people may not receive the fake cash any more.
With the development of online payment,our life will be more convenient.(共85张PPT)
Developing ideas,Presenting ideas,
Reflection
Part 2
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　v.(短期的)租用,租借
2. n.滥用
3. n.偷窃,偷盗
4. n.(女式)钱包
写作词汇
hire
abuse
theft
purse
1.toddler n.
2.thereby adv.
阅读词汇
学步的儿童,刚学走路的小孩
因此,由此
拓展词汇
1. n.令人悲伤的事,不幸→sorrowful adj.悲伤的,伤心的→
sorrowfully adv.伤心地
2. n.懊丧,懊恼,沮丧→frustrate v.使沮丧;挫败→frustrated adj.沮丧的
3. n.监督;管理→supervise v.监督;管理→supervisor n.监督人;指导者
4. n.费用,花费→expensive adj.昂贵的;价格高的
sorrow
frustration
supervision
expense
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.cost sb a fortune　　
2.be beneficial to
3.take on
4.take off
5.rent out
6.cut down (on sth)
花某人一大笔钱
有益于
呈现;承担;具有;雇用;接纳
突然开始成功;去掉;脱下;起飞;休假
出租(房屋、房间、土地等)
削减,缩小(尺寸、数量或数目)
7.at the expense of
8.response to
9.be subject to...
10.do a further favour
以损害……为代价
对……的回应
受……影响;受制于……
进一步帮忙
重点句型
1.We are using technology to reduce the money
,or to make money out of those
.(that引导定语从句)
我们正在利用科技来减少在商品和服务上的花费,或者用我们一直闲置的物品赚钱。
that we spend on goods
and services
that we don’t use ourselves
all of the time
2. ,it’s a win-win situation;
everyone makes or saves money.(whether引导让步状语从句)
这对于出租者和租用者来说都是一个双赢的局面;人人都能挣钱,或都能省钱。
3.What’s more,sharing encourages us to reuse items,
.(v.-ing形式作状语)
不仅如此,共享方式鼓励我们将物品再次利用,从而减少浪费。
Whether we’re a lender or a borrower
thereby cutting
down on waste
4. all over the world with new areas of economic activity,the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.(as引导定语从句)
世界上新出现的经济领域通常都是如此,共享经济的发展速度过快,而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上。
As is often the case
5.Nonetheless, is
.
(what引导主语从句;that引导表语从句)
尽管如此,共享经济无疑正在与我们的日常生活以及全球经济产生越来越密切的联系。
what is in no doubt
that the sharing economy is
increasingly relevant to our daily lives as well as to the global economy
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与社会——共享经济
2.语篇类型:议论文
3.课文内容分析:文章介绍了共享经济的理念、现状、优点和隐患,既符合时代发展,又启发了学生的多角度思考,锻炼了学生的批判性思维能力。阅读本文有利于学生更加辩证地了解身边的经济活动,树立正确的价值观和金钱意识,进一步提升语言能力和思维品质。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
topic
Explain
benefits
drawbacks
future
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
[A]To introduce the topic.
[B]To inform us of the concept of the sharing economy.
[C]To call on us to share things with others.
[D]To arouse the readers’ interest in the sharing economy.
A
(　　)2.What is the author’s attitude towards the sharing economy
[A]Critical. [B]Optimistic.
[C]Pessimistic. [D]Objective.
(　　)3.What is the main idea of the passage
[A]What is the sharing economy.
[B]How to avoid the shortcomings of the sharing economy.
[C]The future of the sharing economy must be bright.
[D]To analyse the advantages and disadvantages of the sharing economy.
D
D
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.sorrow n.令人悲伤的事,不幸
·sorrowful adj.悲伤的,伤心的
·sorrowfully adv.伤心地
[教材原句] Parents and teachers keep reminding us to share toys,snacks,
books,happy memories,and sometimes even sorrows with others.
父母和老师不断地提醒我们要与他人分享玩具、零食、书籍以及快乐的回忆,有些时候甚至要分享自己的伤心事。
[例] (应用文写作之演讲稿)Friendship reduces sorrow in times of pain and adds joy in happy times.
友谊在痛苦时减轻悲伤,在开心时增添欢乐。
[例] (读后续写之情感描写)The old man sat in the corner,his eyes filled with sorrow as he remembered the happy times he had spent with his late wife.
老人坐在角落里,回忆着与已故妻子共度的快乐时光,眼中满是哀伤。
归纳拓展
to one’s sorrow令某人伤心的是
in sorrow悲伤地;悲痛地
share the joys and sorrows分享欢乐和悲伤
express one’s sorrow at/for/over表达某人对……的悲伤
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The poem was filled with 　　 　　(sorrow) lines that reflected the poet’s heartbreak of losing his friend.
To be honest,I feel lonely because no one shares my joys and 　　　　(sorrow).
　　　　　　　　(令我伤心的是),I found out that my childhood friend had moved away without saying goodbye.
(读后续写之情感描写)Finally,she 　　　　　　　　　　　　(表达了她的悲伤) at the loss of her beloved pet dog.
sorrowful
sorrows
To my sorrow
expressed her sorrow
2.take off 突然开始成功;去掉;脱下;起飞;休假
[教材原句] The sharing economy is taking off in all sorts of areas.
共享经济正在各个领域红火起来。
[例] Hurry up!Our plane takes off at eight o’clock.
快点!我们的飞机8点起飞。
[例] (2025·浙江1月卷)The price of fashion—economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of a new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too.
时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式,这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。
[例] (应用文写作之祝贺信)With your talent and hard work,I’m certain that your start-up will take off in no time.
凭借你的才华和努力,我坚信你的初创公司很快就会腾飞。
归纳拓展
take apart拆开,拆卸
take in吸收;收留;欺骗;理解
take on承担;呈现
take over接管;接任
take up开始从事;承担;拿起;占用
take away拿走;使消失
[语境运用] 用take相关的短语完成语段
The new manager decided to 　　　　　　　(承担) more responsibilities and 　　　　　　　 　(接管) the marketing project.He also planned to
　　　　　　　　(开始) a new hobby to relieve stress.
take on
take over
take up
3.response n.回答,答复;反应,响应
·respond v.回答;回复;反应
[教材原句] This wealth of ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services at competitive prices,all delivered at the click of a button.
我们需要价格有竞争力的优质产品和服务,大量的共享方式是对这种不断增长的需求的回应,现在这些需求都可以通过一键单击来实现。
[例] (2025· 浙江1月卷)Not only may it distract us from our studies and even disrupt the school order, but it may also cause unnecessary comparisons and affect our self-esteem when the videos don’t get the expected response.
它不仅会分散我们的学习注意力,甚至扰乱学校秩序,而且当视频没有得到预期的回应时,它还可能引起不必要的比较,影响我们的自尊。
[例] She quickly responded to my email,answering all my questions in detail.
她迅速回复了我的邮件,详细解答了我所有的问题。
归纳拓展
·make a response (to)(对……)做出回应
in response to作为……的回应
make no response没有做出回应
·respond to回复;回应
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/一句多译
In response 　　　　 the customer’s complaint,the company immediately sent a technician to solve the problem.
在过去五天内,该公司尚未对近期的报道做出回应。
→The company hasn’t 　　　　　　　　　　 the recent reports in the past five days.(respond)
→The company hasn’t 　　　　　　　　　　 the recent reports in the past five days.(response)
to
responded to
made a response to
4.cut down (on sth)削减,缩小(尺寸、数量或数目)
[教材原句] What’s more,sharing encourages us to reuse items,thereby cutting down on waste.
不仅如此,共享方式鼓励我们将物品再次利用,从而减少浪费。
[例] Cut down on fatty foods if you want to keep healthy.
如果你想保持健康,就少吃高脂肪的食物。
[例] (应用文写作之建议信)To improve your financial situation,I suggest you cut down on unnecessary expenses,like eating out at expensive restaurants every week.
为了改善你的财务状况,我建议你减少不必要的开支,比如每个星期去昂贵的餐厅就餐。
归纳拓展
cut in插嘴;打断(谈话)
cut off切掉;中断;使隔绝
cut out删除;剪掉;停止
cut up切开,切碎
cut through穿透;(抄捷径)穿过
[语境运用] 完成句子
The storm 　　　　 　　(中断) the power supply,leaving the whole neighbourhood in darkness.
The editor 　　　　　　　　(删除) several paragraphs from the article to make it shorter.
He first 　　　　　　(切碎) the carrots and then put them into the pot.
(应用文写作之建议信)It is rude to 　　　 　(插话) without permission while the conversation is continuing.
cut off
cut out
cut up
cut in
5.expense n.费用,花费
·expensive adj.昂贵的;价格高的
[教材原句] Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to expand their share of the market,often at the expense of more traditional and established companies.
一些公司正在利用这种情况获取不公平的优势,来扩大市场份额,通常以牺牲已有的更为传统的公司为代价。
[例] Without her steady income,Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses.
在失去稳定的收入之后,南希不得不削减日常开支。
[例] We cannot develop the economy at the expense of the environment.
我们不能以牺牲环境为代价来发展经济。
at the expense of 以损害……为代价
归纳拓展
at the expense of 以损害……为代价
at sb’s expense 由某人负担费用;以某人为代价
spare no expense to do/in doing sth 不惜一切代价做某事
daily expenses日常开支
expense(费用)、fortune(财产)、income(收入)等,若谈论其多少,不用 much 或 little,而要用 large 或 small。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
(应用文写作之推荐信)The restaurant is known not only for its delicious food but also for being quite 　　 　　(expense).
为了确保新项目的成功,该公司不惜重金聘请了来自世界各地的顶尖人才。
The company 　　　　　　　　　　　　 in hiring the top talents from around the world to ensure the success of its new project.
expensive
spared no expense
人们不应该以健康为代价换取名利。
People shouldn’t secure fame and wealth 　 　　　　　　　　　　.
我们自己出钱租船。
We hired the boat 　 .
at the expense of their health
at our own expense
重点句式
as is often the case情况常常如此;这是常有的事
▲
[教材原句] As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity,the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.
世界上新出现的经济领域通常都是如此,共享经济的发展速度过快,而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上。
[例] (读后续写之情感描写)As is often the case,a wide smile instantly spread across her face,lighting up her eyes with pure joy.
情况常常如此,一个灿烂的笑容立刻在她脸上绽放,她的眼睛因纯粹的喜悦而闪闪发光。
[例] (应用文写作之建议信)In no case should you give up your dreams easily.
你决不应轻易放弃你的梦想。
归纳拓展
in case以防万一;以防(后跟从句或单独使用)
in no case绝不,无论如何都不(位于句首要用倒装)
in any case 无论如何,不管怎样
in case of假使,如果;万一,以防
in this/that case既然这样/那样;在这种/那种情况下
It is often the case that...通常情况下……
[语境运用] 完成句子/翻译句子
在钱包里留些额外的钱,以备不时之需。
Keep some extra money in your wallet 　　　　　　　　 an emergency.
情况常常如此,我们已经提前制订出了旅行计划。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,we have worked out the travel plan in advance.
我们绝不允许他人妨碍我们的工作。
in case of
As is often the case
In no case shall we allow others to interfere with our work.　
无论如何,我们必须在本月底完成这个项目。
In any case,we must finish the project at the end of this month.
长难句分析
[教材原句] We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services,or to make money out of those that we don’t use ourselves all of the time.
尝试分析:本句是复合句。 是that引导的定语从句,修饰money,在从句中作宾语; 是that引导的定语从句,修饰those,在从句中作宾语。
自主翻译:我们正在利用科技来减少在商品和服务上的花费,或者用我们一直闲置的物品赚钱。
[语境运用] 情境写作
该公司正在采取措施,以减少现有产品对消费者的不良影响,或开发可用于替代现有产品的新产品。
The company is taking measures to reduce the bad effect that the existing products have on consumers,or to develop new products that can be used to replace the existing ones.
写作微专题4
Writing an essay about non-cash payments
文本解读
1.文体类型:对非现金支付的观点和结论,属于议论文范畴。
2.要点内容:
(1)非现金支付有利也有弊,文章中的三位用户表达了自己的观点,并说明了理由;
(2)文章中第一位用户主要关注非现金支付的便利、快捷;另外两位用户表达了自己对非现金支付的担忧,如手机容易被偷,容易被黑客攻击,容易导致过度消费,以及受使用人群、使用地点的限制等。
[思路指引]
实用表达
1.首段常用句式。
It is well-known to us that China is famous for the fast development in new technologies.
Mobile payment is one example,which causes people’s lives to be very convenient.
The remarkable development of digital economy is transforming our way of life.
2.中段常用句式。
With a smartphone,we can buy things very quickly by scanning a QR code.
So far,a QR code has been widely used in many kinds of fields.
We can pay for all kinds of bills through it,such as hospital bills,restaurant bills,bus fares and even the tutoring fees.
Because of the Internet,mobile payment has influenced Chinese people’s daily lives,which is very important and useful.
3.尾段常用句式。
It will also influence other nations and become popular in the world.
There is no reason to refuse electronic payments.Just download the app, make an account,and stop using cash or cards.
Although mobile payment had brought convenience to our life,there are still some problems.
佳作建构
假设你是李华,你的外国朋友Tom听说在中国通过扫描二维码(scan QR codes)就可以轻松实现移动支付(mobile payment),对此他感到不可思议。请你用英语写一封邮件告知他移动支付在中国的相关情况。内容包括:
1.移动支付在日常生活中的功能;
2.移动支付对我们生活的影响。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
How are you doing
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 n.(女式)钱包
2.　　　　　　　　 v.购买
3.　　　　　　　　 利用
purse
purchase
take advantage of
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.我很高兴得知你对移动支付在中国的使用感兴趣。
I am happy to know that you
in China.
2.我写邮件向你介绍它。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 tell you something about it.
3.移动支付在中国是最受欢迎的。
The mobile payment is in China.
are interested in the use of mobile payment
am writing to
the most popular
4.移动支付使人们的日常生活越来越便利。
The mobile payment has 　 .
5.我们大多数人习惯了扫描二维码来为我们买的任何东西付钱。
Most of us are used to scanning QR codes to pay for 　　　　　　　　　　.
6.通过移动支付,无论我们去哪儿,都可以轻松支付。
By mobile payment,we can pay easily 　　　　　 　　　.
made people’s daily lives more and more convenient
whatever we purchase
wherever we go
7.这是对大多数中国人生活的一瞥。移动支付让我们告别了钱包和银行卡。
This is a glimpse into the lives of most Chinese.
　　　　　 bid farewell to purses and bank cards.
8.在中国,移动支付极大地改变了人们的生活,我们应该充分利用它。
The mobile payment has greatly changed people’s lives in China and we
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
The mobile payment allows
us to
should take full advantage of it
亮点提升
1.将第1句和第2句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
Knowing that you are interested in the use of mobile payment in China,I am writing to tell you something about it.
2.将第3句和第4句用定语从句进行改写升级。
The mobile payment is the most popular in China,which has made people’s daily lives more and more convenient.
范文展示
Dear Tom,
How are you doing Knowing that you are interested in the use of mobile payment in China,I am writing to tell you something about it.
The mobile payment is the most popular in China,which has made people’s daily lives more and more convenient.Most of us are used to scanning QR codes to pay for whatever we purchase.By mobile payment,we can pay easily wherever we go.This is a glimpse into the lives of most Chinese.The mobile payment allows us to bid farewell to purses and bank cards.The mobile payment has greatly changed people’s lives in China and we should take full advantage of it.
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
写作练习
假设你是李华,某英文报社正在就“刷脸支付(face-scanning payment)的利弊”这一话题进行征文。请用英语写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.分析利弊;
2.展望前景。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
写作指导
　　One possible version:
Nowadays,face-scanning payment is very popular among consumers, but it has both advantages and disadvantages.
As for its advantages,firstly,the payment can be completed quickly, thus avoiding long-time waiting in line.Secondly,consumers don’t have to carry a bank card,which makes payment more convenient.When it comes to its disadvantages,the most worrying thing is that face recognition hasn’t reached 100% accuracy,which might lead to payment risks.In addition, consumers’ personal information may be revealed illegally.
Imperfect as it is,I believe,with the improvement of face recognition technology,face-scanning payment will surely become more and more popular.
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后续写 微技能之“点” 情感描写 相关词语 shaking adj.颤抖的　dizzy adj.头昏目眩的　challenge n.挑战　determination n.决心　passion n.激情　enthusiasm n.热情　ambition n.雄心壮志　anxiety n.焦虑　competitive adj.竞争的　confident adj.自信的　exciting adj.使人兴奋的　hopeful adj.有希望的　proud adj.自豪的　stressful adj.有压力的　doubtful adj.怀疑的　disappointed adj.失望的
动作描写 相关词语 reach v.到达　experience v.经历　invest v.投资　overcome v.克服　purchase v.购买　persuade v.说服　share v.分享　encourage v.鼓励　realise v.意识到　succeed in在……方面取得成功　take off突然开始成功;去掉;脱下;起飞;休假　launch a startup 创办企业　take a deep breath深呼吸,深吸一口气　in the hope of 希望……
人物描写 相关词语 outgoing adj.外向的　kind adj.善良的　intelligent adj.聪明的　generous adj.慷慨的　patient adj.有耐心的
人物职业 相关词语 a fresh graduate应届毕业生　a police officer 警察　manager n.经理　accountant n.会计　journalist n.记者　designer n.设计师
读后续写 微技能之“线” As she spoke,Zhang Yue put her hands behind her back to hide that they were shaking.(动作描写)
They stared back,their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next.(神态描写)
Feeling dizzy,Zhang Yue took a deep breath as she struggled to finish her presentation...(心理描写)
读后 续写 微技能之“面”
读后续写——创立自己的事业
弗兰克是一名应届毕业生,他对他的未来充满了希望。他决定创业,认为这是一个充满挑战但又令人兴奋的机会。起初,责任压得他有些喘不过气来。弗兰克在制订商业计划时双手颤抖,因为他意识到商业世界中的困难。然而,弗兰克决心要做这件事。他说服了他的朋友们进行投资,这些朋友也成了他的盟友。他和他的团队凭借着聪明才智和坚强的意志日夜奋战,分析市场趋势,克服重重障碍。他们的努力终于有了回报,生意开始蒸蒸日上。这个经历让他成长为一名更好的管理者,也让他明白了将抱负转化为现实的意义所在。
Frank,1.　　　　　　 　　,was full of hope for his future.He decided 2.　　　　　　　　　 　,seeing it as a challenging but exciting opportunity.
At first,the responsibility was overwhelming.Frank’s hands were shaking while making business plans,as he 3.　　　　　　　　　　 　 in the business world.However,Frank 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　 this.He persuaded his friends to invest and they became his allies.He and his team worked day and night 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　,analysing market trends and overcoming obstacles.Their efforts eventually paid off and 6.
　　　　　　.This experience made him a better manager and taught him the meaning of 7.　　　　 　　　　　　　　　.
a fresh graduate
to launch a startup
realised the difficulties
was determined to do
with their intelligence and strong will
the business
took off
turning ambition into reality
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.consultant n.顾问→ v.咨询;请教;当顾问→ n.商讨;咨询→ n.顾问;咨询者
2.distribution n.(商品的)分销,经销;分布;分配→ v.分配;散布;分销;分发→ n.经销商;批发商
3.guidance n.指导,引导→ v.指引;指导 n.向导;指南
4.financial adj.财政的,金融的;财务的→ adv.财政上;金融上→
n.财政;金融 v.资助
consult
consultation
consultor
distribute
distributor
guide
financially
finance
5.accumulate v.积累,积聚→ n.积聚;堆积物→
adj.积累而成的;累积的
6.automatically adv.自动地→ adj.自动的;不假思索的;无意识的→ n.自动化
7.sorrow n.令人悲伤的事,不幸→ adj.悲伤的,伤心的→
adv.伤心地
8.frustration n.懊丧,懊恼,沮丧→ v.使沮丧;挫败→
adj.沮丧的
accumulation
accumulative
automatic
automation
sorrowful
sorrowfully
frustrate
frustrated
9.supervision n.监督;管理→ v.监督;管理→ n.监督人;指导者
10.expense n.费用,花费→ adj.昂贵的;价格高的
supervise
supervisor
expensive
Ⅱ.重点词块
1. 　 深呼吸,深吸一口气
2. 结果为……,以……结束;最终……
3. 希望……
4. 使收支仅能相抵
5. 记住……
6. 妨碍,阻止
take a deep breath
end up
in the hope of
make ends meet
keep...in mind
interfere with
7. 陷入债务之中,负债
8. 努力做某事
9. 对……产生深厚的兴趣
10. 花某人一大笔钱
11. 有益于
12. 呈现;承担;具有;雇用; 接纳
13. 突然开始成功;去掉;脱下;起飞;休假
14. 出租(房屋、房间、土地等)
go into debt
struggle to do sth
be bitten by the...bug
cost sb a fortune
be beneficial to
take on
take off
rent out
15. 削减,缩小(尺寸、数量或数目)
16. 以损害……为代价
17. 受……影响;受制于……
18. 进一步帮忙
cut down (on sth)
at the expense of
be subject to...
do a further favour
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.独立主格结构
They stared back, (面无表情,让人根本看不出) as to what they would say next.
句式仿写
I stood there out of fear,
(双腿颤抖,汗水从我的额头滑落).
their blank faces giving no clue
legs trembling and sweat running down my forehead
2.why引导表语从句
And that is
(为什么我需要你们的帮助,使这个全新的、激动人心的创业项目获得成功).
句式仿写
And that is (她今天看起来如此开心的原因).
why I need your help in turning my new and exciting business
into a successful one
why she looks so happy today
3.It was...that...强调句型
(直到她结束海外留学生活,回国看望父母时)Zhang realised the potential.
句式仿写
(直到我们在一起待了几个星期之后) I found we had a lot in common.
It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to
visit her parents that
It was only after we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that
4.what引导主语从句
(真正重要的) is a sound business plan,access to capital,and good management and negotiating skills.
句式仿写
(生活中真正重要的) is not the amount of money you have,but the quality of your relationships.
What really matters
What really matters in life
5.whether引导让步状语从句
(无论我们是出租者还是租用者),
it’s a win-win situation;everyone makes or saves money.
句式仿写
(无论明天下雨还是天晴),I will go to the park.
Whether we’re a lender or a borrower
Whether it rains or shines tomorrow
6.v.-ing形式作状语
What’s more,sharing encourages us to reuse items,
(从而减少浪费).
句式仿写
He studied hard, (从而在期末考试中取得了优异成绩).
thereby cutting down
on waste
thereby achieving excellent grades in the final exam
7.as引导定语从句
(通常都是如此) all over the world with new areas of economic activity,the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.
句式仿写
,(正如创意产业中经常发生的情况一样) success often comes after years of hard work and dedication.
As is often the case
As is often the case in creative industries(共17张PPT)
Unit 4　课时作业(一)
(分值:39分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.The 　　　　(日出) over the mountains was a breathtaking sight.
2.He gets 　　　　(头晕目眩的) when standing up quickly due to low blood pressure.
3.The boy feels hot on the 　 　　　(前额),so he must be sent to hospital at once.
4.Now a number of schools have psychological 　 　　　(顾问) to help students who are under pressure.
sunrise
dizzy
forehead
consultants
5.There was a 　　　　 (木然的) look on his face because he did not know the answer to the problem.
6.In the conference room,he’s meeting with the 　 　　　(女主席) of the charity federation.
7.Believe in your 　 　　　(潜力) and study hard,and you will surely achieve your dream.
blank
chairwoman
potential
8.Last night,Wilson drove to the nearest store and 　 　　　(购买) what he needed.
9.It is reported that the company is in 　 　　　(财政的) difficulties.
10.Some 　　 　　(有进取心的) members found ways of raising their incomes.
purchased
financial
enterprising
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共6题;每题1.5分,共9分)
1.Everybody can have different aims in different 　　　　(phase) of his/her life.
2.Because this is not a 　　 　　(convention) classroom,students are encouraged to learn in a self-directed way.
3.The value of the donations he has donated to the charity 　　　　(exceed) one million yuan.
phases
conventional
exceeds
4.The teacher asked the monitor to distribute the worksheets 　　　 the whole class.
5.Under the 　　 　　(guide) of my teacher,I won first prize in the English speech contest.
6.I was never fond of playing the piano before,but now I 　 　　　(bite) by the bug and practise it every day.
to
guidance
am bitten
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.他深吸了一口气,开始爬楼梯。(take a deep breath)
He took a deep breath,and began to climb the stairs.
2.他进了房间,鼻子冻得通红。(独立主格结构)
He came into the room,his nose red with cold.
3.所有这一切都发生在周一傍晚。(强调句型)
It was on Monday evening that all this happened.
4.他正在努力学习,希望能被一所工程学院录取。(in the hope of)
He is studying hard in the hope of being admitted to an engineering college.
5.随着生活成本的增长,这个年轻人通过做兼职维持收支平衡。(make ends meet)
As the cost of living increases,this young person does part-time jobs to
make ends meet.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
　　Time is actually money if you know what to do with it.But too often, putting money ahead of time takes away our happiness.Still,many people are more than willing to make more money at the cost of quality time.For them,money is the final goal.
However,if the aim of making money is to find happiness,it’s important to put money in the right things.Many studies show that how you spend your money is as important for happiness as how much money you make.
There is nothing wrong with spending time making money.But when you work hard every single day and make good money,be certain it’s well spent on what will make you happy.If you are in search of happiness,it pays to put your money in valuable,meaningful experiences—like enjoying special meals,gaining skills,taking a class in a hobby you love and going on a hike or an adventure when it’s safe.
For example,if you find it hard to find time for experiences because of your schedule,especially for those of us who have lots of responsibilities on hand,pay some money for time-saving services that can free up some of your time for the experiences you need to enjoy your life.Experiences never disappear but the material things that you buy often do.Learning experiences in life can also help you find satisfaction.Learn to draw,sing,or join a swimming class,through which you not only get fun and skills but also gain valuable experiences.Remember: happy people buy more experiences and fewer material things.
All in all,buying things brings the kind of happiness that,however, disappears quickly and leaves us wanting more.The memories that stay are what matter most.Therefore,just put your money in experiences that add colour,meaning and happiness to your life.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要说明了如何花钱才能获得幸福。
(　　)1.To get happiness,what’s the most important to do
[A]Putting money ahead of time.
[B]Making money at the cost of time.
[C]Spending money on the right things.
[D]Making as much money as possible.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,为了获得幸福,把钱花在正确的事情上是最重要的。故选C。
(　　)2.How can we find happiness if we’re too busy
[A]Ignoring the busy schedule.
[B]Buying some time-saving services.
[C]Carrying out our responsibilities first.
[D]Preventing experiences from disappearing.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知,如果太忙,我们可以通过购买一些节省时间的服务来寻找幸福。故选B。
(　　)3.Which of the following probably brings you the least happiness
[A]Buying a coat.
[B]Learning to drive.
[C]Travelling abroad.
[D]Taking piano lessons.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段内容及最后一段的第一句可知,幸福的人会买更多的经历,而不是物质的东西,买东西带来的幸福感会很快消失,所以A项“买外套”可能带给你的幸福感最少。故选A。
(　　)4.What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage
[A]To guide readers to make good money wisely.
[B]To request readers to use money to save time.
[C]To tell readers to find happiness by making money.
[D]To advise readers to deal with money and happiness properly.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据全文内容,尤其是第一段内容可推知,作者写这篇文章的目的是建议读者正确对待金钱和幸福。故选D。

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