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(共76张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1
Part 1　Reading Comprehension
文 本 整 体 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
What do you think are the most important inventions or discoveries of the 20th century
答案 略
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What does the passage mainly talk about
A.Scientific discoveries in our daily lives.
B.Commitment made by great inventors.
C.Changes happen in our everyday lives.
D.Pioneers of the 20th century in science.
√
2.Read the passage and match the main idea of each part.
Para.1　　　 A.Some great pioneers and their inventions.
Paras.2-6 B.The significance of these breakthroughs.
Para.7 C.A brief introduction of scientific breakthroughs
in the 20th century.
答案 Para.1 C Paras.2-6 A Para.7 B
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
It is really a ①____________ to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century,because so many ②____________ discoveries were made.
problem
amazing
Here are some ③__________ of the scientists. ④________________ discovered“E=mc2”when rocking his little baby.
Alexander Fleming made another finding—a kind of blue mould,later called ⑤____________,could be used to kill bacteria.
Eckert and ⑥____________ produced the world’s first computer,which 100 feet long by over 10 feet high and weighed over ⑦____________ kilograms.
pioneers
Einstein
penicillin
Mauchly
30,000
Two American scientists ⑧____________ a“huge network”of computers.In 1990,⑨________________ invented the World Wide Web,which enabled computers all over the world to communicate with each other.
Without these pioneers,the world today would be a completely
⑩____________ place.
proposed
Tim Berners-Lee
different
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What is NOT mentioned as the discovery of human in the 20th century
A.Space exploration.
B.Means of transport.
C.Entertainment.
D.Physics and medicine.
√
2.What can we infer from the first sentence in paragraph 1
A.There are a number of important discoveries of the 20th century.
B.It is easy to choose the most important discovery of the 20th century.
C.There are few great discoveries in the 20th century.
D.Someone who will choose the discovery will be in trouble.
√
3.What did Einstein and Fleming share in common
A.They were both physicists.
B.Both of their findings were found by accident.
C.They were both modest about their discoveries.
D.Both of them were outspoken.
√
4.How is this part of the passage developed
A.By analyzing the causes and effects.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By listing some examples.
D.By the order of importance.
√
5.Which of the following can replace the word“dedicated” in the last paragraph
A.Devoted. B.Determined.
C.Likely. D.Experienced.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.We started flying around the world,launching satellites into orbit and,at the same time,scientists figured out how to split the atom,previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.
[学会断句]　此句是并列句。由连词__________连接,主语分别是We和scientists,第二个分句中的谓语动词是_______________,how to split the atom是____________;previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe是过去分词短语作__________,修饰_________。
尝试翻译:____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
and
figured out
宾语
后置定语
the atom
我们开始坐飞机周游世界,把人造卫星发射至轨道。同时,科学家们发现了如何分裂原子。在此之前,原子被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。
2.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,whether lucky or planned,the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.
[学会断句]　此句是复合句。without引导了____________________,表示对现在或将来的虚拟,意为“______________________”;whether lucky or planned是状语从句的____________结构,省略了____________________;as we know it today是__________从句。
尝试翻译:__________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
含蓄虚拟条件句
如果没有,要是没有
省略
the breakthroughs are
方式状语
如果没有这些先驱取得的科技突破,无论这些突破是偶然发现的还是计划之中的,那么世界——正如我们今天所了解的——将是一个完全不同的地方。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
It’s really hard for us to choose the single most important discovery of 1.____________ 20th century,because so many 2.__________ (amaze) discoveries were made in such a large number of scientific 3.____________(area).
Here are some pioneers of scientists.
the
amazing
areas
Albert Einstein 4.____________ (discover)the “E=mc2” when he was taking care of his little baby.Alexander Fleming made another finding:a kind of blue mould,later called penicillin,could be used 5.________________ (kill) bacteria.Eckert and Mauchly invented 6.__________ world’s first computer so as to improve the 7._________ (accurate) of the US Navy’s missiles.Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web,which enabled anyone 8.____________ the world to communicate with each other.
The breakthroughs of these pioneers 9.____________________ (change) the world 10.____________ (complete).
discovered
to kill
the
accuracy
around
have changed
completely
语 篇 助 解 释 疑
[原文呈现] Scientific Breakthroughs
If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century,you would have a real problem on your hands.[1] In just 100 years,the world has changed completely.Amazing discoveries were made in medicine,communications and transport,not to mention① our knowledge of the world and space.Medical advances ranged from discovering the causes of diseases under microscopes② to staging③ operations to replace diseased organs with donated④ munications changed with the introduction of mobile phones,and
the way we correspond⑤ went from writing letters to emailing and sending instant⑥ messages.[2] We started flying around the world,launching⑦ satellites⑧ into orbit⑨ and,at the same time,scientists figured out how to split⑩ the atom, previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.[3]
[1]此句为虚拟条件句,与现在事实相反的假设。主句谓语用“would+动词原形”,从句谓语用did或were。
[2]句中and连接两个并列分句,在第二个分句中,we correspond是定语从句,修饰先行词the way,引导词that/in which省略。
[3]句中and连接两个并列分句。launching...是现在分词短语作状语;how to split the atom是“疑问词+不定式”结构,作figured out的宾语;previously thought to be...作后置定语,修饰the atom。
Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery,it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century.[4] Here are some of them.
[4]本句包含着Although引导的让步状语从句。主从句结构一致,it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。
One of the 20th century’s premier scientists was Albert Einstein.In the summer of 1905,this outspoken young man was rocking his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired.[5] Subsequently ,“E=mc2”was born.It showed how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievable amount of energy.Einstein then showed in his “theory of relativity ” that not even time,mass or length are constant —they change according to our experience of them.
[5]本句中含有be doing...when...结构,意为“正在……,这时……”。
In 1928,another important finding was made by biologist Alexander Fleming.Before he went on holiday,Fleming left a dish of bacteria in his laboratory.When he came back,he noticed something strange.He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed.[6] This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin ,which Fleming perceived could be used to kill bacteria.[7] A few years later,penicillin was being mass-produced and helping to save the lives of millions .Fleming remained humble about the amazing outcome of his discovery.“Nature made penicillin,” he said,“I just found it.”
[6]本句的主句是He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish;around which the bacteria had been destroyed是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a blue mould。
[7]句中which引导非限制性定语从句,Fleming perceived为插入语,关系词which在从句中作主语。
During World War Ⅱ,when Fleming’s discovery was first helping to cure people,the US Navy was looking for ways of improving the accuracy of their missiles .　The navy turned to Eckert,an engineer,and Mauchly,a physicist ,to deal with the problem and produce a machine to do the job in a joint effort.Although they only finished after the war in 1946,it did not matter.This huge machine was the world’s first computer,but it was nothing like our computers today.It measured 100 feet long by over
10 feet high and weighed over 30,000 kilograms.With 18,000 tubes ,thousands of circuits and 6,000 switches,it used so much energy that when it was turned on,the lights in the local town went out![8]
[8]本句中包含着so...that...结构,that引导结果状语从句,在这个从句中,when it was turned on是时间状语从句。
With the development of computers,people expected to get more things done efficiently .[9] During the Cold War,a “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists.With computers talking to one another,it would enable government leaders to communicate with each other.[10] By the end of the 1960s,some mini-networks were established,but only a few computers could connect to them.In 1990,Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web,which enabled computers all over the world to communicate with each other.[11] Nowadays,life without the Internet for most people is unimaginable .
[9]本句中get more things done是get的复合结构。
[10]本句中With computers talking to one another是with复合结构,现在分词短语talking to one another作宾补。
[11]句中which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the World Wide Web。
These pioneers of the 20th century were all dedicated to improving the quality of human life on Earth.Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”,with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests .[12] There is no doubt about it.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,whether lucky or planned,the world as we know it today would be a completely different place.[13]
[12]本句中with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests是with复合结构作伴随状语。
[13]本句为without含蓄虚拟条件句。
[名师圈点]
①not to mention更不用说
②microscope / ma kr sk p/n.显微镜
③stage /ste d /vt.组织;筹划;举行
④donate /d ne t/ vi.& vt.捐献(器官),献(血);捐赠,捐献
⑤correspond / k r sp nd/ vi.通信
⑥instant / nst nt/ adj.立刻的,马上的
⑦launch /l nt / vt.发射;发动,发起,开始从事
⑧satellite / s t la t/ n.人造卫星;卫星
⑨orbit / b t/ n.轨道 vi.& vt.沿轨道运行
⑩split /spl t/ vi.& vt.分割,把……分开;分成(不同部分)
previously / pri vi sli/ adv.(某时长)之前;先前地
particle / pɑ t k l/ n.粒子,质点
single out单独挑出;特别选出
premier / premi / adj.最好的;最重要的
outspoken /a t sp k n/adj.坦率的,直言不讳的
rock / r k/ v.摇动;使摇晃
subsequently / s bs kw ntli/adv.后来,随后
mass /m s/ n.块;团
unbelievable / nb li v bl/ adj.难以置信的
relativity / rel t v ti/n.相对性
constant / k nst nt/ adj.恒久不变的;持续不断的,经常发生的n.常量,恒量
finding / fa nd / n.研究的结果;发现
biologist /ba l st/n.生物学家
bacteria /b k t ri / n.细菌
double-check / d bl t ek/v.仔细审核;复核
mould /m ld/ n.霉,霉菌
penicillin / pen s l n/ n.青霉素,盘尼西林
perceive /p si v/ vt.察觉,注意到,发觉
mass-produce / m s pr dju s/vt.大量生产
million / m lj n/ num.百万
humble / h mb l/ adj.谦虚的,谦卑的
outcome / a tk m/n.结果,后果
cure /kj (r)/ vt.治愈
navy / ne vi/ n.海军
accuracy / kj r si/ n.准确性;精准度;正确,准确
missile / m sa l/n.导弹,飞弹
turn to求助于
physicist / f z s st/n.物理学家
joint /d nt/ adj.联合的,共同的,共有的
nothing like一点儿也不像
tube /tju b/ n.圆管,管子;电视显像管,阴极射线管
circuit / s k t/ n.电路,线路;环形道路
efficiently / f ntli/ adv.有效率地,高效能地
propose /pr p z/ vt.提出(某观点、方法等)
mini-network n.小型网络
unimaginable / nI m d In bl/adj.难以想象的
be dedicated to奉献;从事于;献身于
transform /tr ns f m/ vt.使改变形态;使改变外观(或性质);使改观
the chain of common interests共同利益链
[译文参考] 科学突破
如果你必须在20世纪重大发现中选出最重要的一项,这可不是件容易的事。在仅仅100年中,世界就完全变样了。医学、通信和交通方面都有惊人的发现,更别提我们对世界和太空的认识了。医学上的进步范围很广,从利用显微镜揭示病因,到施行手术,用捐赠的器官做器官移植。移动电话的引入给通信业带来了改变,我们的通信方式从写信变成了发电子邮件和发送即时信息。我们开始坐飞机周游世界,把人造卫星发射至轨道。同时,科学家们发现了如何分裂原子。在此之前,原子被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。
尽管不太可能选出哪项发现是最重要的,但是挑选出20世纪的几位先驱还是可能的。例如以下几位。
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是20世纪最杰出的科学家之一。1905年夏天,这个坦率的年轻人正摇着他一岁大的孩子时突然受到了启发。于是,“E=mc2”诞生了。它证明了一小块物质如何产生惊人的能量。爱因斯坦随后在他的“相对论”中指出,即使是时间、质量或长度也不是恒定不变的,它们根据我们对它们的感知而变化。
1928年,另一项重要的发现由生物学家亚历山大·弗莱明发现。在去度假之前,弗莱明在实验室里放了一个培养细菌的器皿。回来时,他注意到(器皿里)有点儿奇怪。经过反复检查,他发现器皿里有一种蓝色的霉菌,而霉菌周围的细菌已经被杀死了。这种蓝色的霉菌实际上是自然状态的青霉素,弗莱明认为它可以用来杀死细菌。数年后,青霉素开始大量生产,帮助挽救了数百万人的生命。弗莱明对他这一惊人的发现态度谦虚,他说:“是大自然制造了青霉素,我只是找到了它。”
第二次世界大战期间,正当弗莱明的发现首次用来帮助治愈疾病时,美国海军正在寻找提高导弹精度的方法。海军求助于工程师埃克特和物理学家莫克利,两人共同制造一台机器来完成这项工作。尽管机器在1946年战争结束后才制造出来,但也不迟。这台巨大的机器是世界上第一台计算机,但是与今天的计算机完全不同。它长100英尺,高10英尺,重30 000多公斤。它有18 000个显像管,数千条电路和6 000个开关,耗电量异常巨大,以至于当它启动的时候,当地所有的灯都熄灭了!
随着计算机的发展,人们期望能有效地完成更多的事情。冷战期间,两位美国科学家提出建立一个计算机的“庞大网络”。计算机能互换信息,可使政府领导人相互沟通。到20 世纪60 年代末,一些小型网络已经建立起来,但只有少数计算机可以接入。1990 年,蒂姆·伯纳斯·李发明了万维网,使世界各地的计算机能够相互通信。如今,对大多数人来说,没有互联网的生活是难以想象的。
这些20 世纪的先驱都致力于改善地球上人类的生活质量。不同国家因共同利益而连接起来,使得这个星球上人类的生活已经转变为“地球村”。这是毫无疑问的。如果没有这些先驱取得的科技突破,无论这些突破是偶然发现的还是计划之中的,那么世界——正如我们今天所了解的——将是一个完全不同的地方。
课 时 精 练
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共30分)
A
(2025·邢台市高二下期末)
Researchers from Purdue University have developed a new kind of white paint that can reflect over 95 percent of sunlight,which can cool the surface even lower than the surrounding temperature.Painted on a building,the new paint could help cut cooling costs and energy use.
Many kinds of reflective cooling paint have been developed over the years,but they all have their drawbacks.For the new study,the Purdue researchers developed a new method—using calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) fillers,which are much richer,cheaper,and absorb less ultraviolet (紫外线的) light.And the new reflective cooling paint can give off more sunlight—reflecting 95.5 percent of the light that strikes it.That’s better than lots of other paint in development,which manages between 80 and 90 percent,although it falls short of the record holder—the Teflon coating,which reflects 98 percent of light.
The team tested the new coating outdoors over two days,and showed that under direct sunlight it remained 1.7 ℃ below the surrounding temperature.In another set of tests,the researchers painted some parts of a pattern with the new paint,and others with the regular white paint of the same thickness.
Using a special camera,they could see the pattern clearly,thanks to the difference in temperature between the two materials.
The team says that the new paint could not only help cool buildings,but prevent outdoor electrical systems from overheating.But to ensure that it is commercially practicable,the researchers next plan to investigate how well it lasts out in the environment.
“The cost of our paint may be comparable to other kinds of commercial paint or even lower than them,” says Xiulin Ruan,an author of the study.“The key is to ensure the reliability of the paint so that it is workable in long-term outdoor applications.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以给建筑物降温的新型涂料。
1.What does the underlined word “drawbacks” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Burdens. B.Mistakes.
C.Difficulties. D.Disadvantages.
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Many kinds of reflective cooling...other paint in development”可知,新的反光冷却涂料优点多,比许多其他涂料都要好,说明之前的反光冷却涂料有缺点。由此推测,画线词 drawbacks的意思是“缺点”,故选D项。
√
2.How did the researchers study the effect of the new paint
A.By assessing its nature.
B.By conducting field tests.
C.By comparing costs of various kinds of paint.
D.By analyzing special pictures.
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The team tested the new coating outdoors over two days...paint of the same thickness.”可知,研究人员是通过做实地测试来研究该涂料的效果的,故选B项。
√
3.What can we infer from the result of the research
A.The paint still needs testing.
B.The paint is incomparable.
C.The paint can be used for long.
D.The paint has reliable performance.
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But to ensure that...out in the environment.”可知,研究人员接下来计划研究该涂料在环境中的持久性,所以该涂料还需要被测试,故选A项。
√
4.What is the text mainly about
A.Researchers lower the costs of paint.
B.Environment-friendly paint is on sale.
C.A new kind of white paint helps cool buildings.
D.The regular paint solves heat consumption.
解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Researchers from Purdue University have developed a new kind of white paint”和全文其他内容可知,文章主要介绍了一种可以给建筑物降温的新型涂料。C项“一种有助于冷却建筑物的新型白色涂料”符合文意,故选C项。
√
B
(2025·玉林市高二下期末)
Whether artificial intelligence has ever been on your radar or not,there’s no denying that it’s high time you turned your attention to ChatGPT,because this one is a big deal.
The tool,developed by OpenAI,let you type natural-language prompts (提示).ChatGPT then offers conversational responses.The robot remembers the information of your dialogue,using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses.It draws its answers from vast amounts of information on the Internet.
ChatGPT seems pretty knowledgeable in areas where there’s good training data for it to learn from.It’s not smart enough to replace all humans yet,but it can be creative,and its answers can sound very authoritative (权威的).You can ask it countless questions and often will get useful answers.For instance,you can ask it encyclopedic (百科知识的) questions like “Explain Newton’s laws of motion.” You can tell it “Write me a poem.” and when it does,say “Now make it more exciting.” You can ask it to write a computer program that will show you all the different ways you can arrange the letters of a word.A few days after its launch,more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT.
Many people fear that ChatGPT might help students cheat better.But as many other technology developments,it is not a simple black-and-white situation.Decades ago,students could copy encyclopedia entries and use computers and more recently,they have been able to use search engines and Wikipedia.ChatGPT offers new abilities for everything from helping with research to doing your homework for you.
Dustin York,an associate professor at Maryville University,hopes educators will learn to use ChatGPT as a tool and realize it can help students think critically.“Educators thought that Google,Wikipedia,and the Internet itself would ruin education,but they did not,” York said.“What worries me most are educators who may actively try to discourage the recognition of AI like ChatGPT.It is a tool,not a villain (反派).”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ChatGPT可能带来的作用和问题,同时作者认为教育界应该认识到,ChatGPT是一个工具而非教育的反派。
5.What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT
A.Its language model.
B.Its design inspiration.
C.Its working principle.
D.Its development process.
解析　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知,本段主要陈述了ChatGPT的运行过程,故选C项。
√
6.What is NOT part of ChatGPT’s function
A.Chat with users.
B.Perform security checks.
C.Write a computer program.
D.Create a poem.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段“For instance,you can ask it...arrange the letters of a word.”可知,ChatGPT功能包括与用户聊天、写计算机程序和创作诗歌。B选项“Perform security checks.”文中并未提及,故选B项。
√
7.Why is ChatGPT a big deal
A.Because it is a tool designed by OpenAI.
B.Because it has obvious and potential disadvantages.
C.Because it helped students with their homework and essays.
D.Because it’s knowledgeable in areas with good training data to learn from.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段“ChatGPT seems pretty knowledgeable...it to learn from.”可知,作者认为ChatGPT很重要,因为它在有良好训练数据的领域知识渊博,故选D项。
√
8.What is the best title of this text
A.ChatGPT—a useful AI tool
B.Advanced AI—our loyal servant
C.ChatGPT—advantages and disadvantages
D.A smart app—think twice before trusting it
√
解析　标题归纳题。本文从第一段开始引入ChatGPT这一新事物;第二段介绍其工作原理;第三段举例介绍ChatGPT可以做什么;第四段客观分析ChatGPT其实并没有帮助学生作弊,而且帮助他们学习得更好;最后一段通过专家的观点呼吁人们客观看待ChatGPT这一工具。所以整篇文章是围绕ChatGPT来写的,应该在A、C选项中选择。C选项“ChatGPT—advantages and disadvantages”会让人预期文章会对ChatGPT的优势和劣势进行较为均衡的讨论,文章虽然提到了ChatGPT可能会导致学生作弊这一潜在的劣势,但通过引用教育工作者的观点,意在引导读者把ChatGPT看作是一个有用的工具,而不是着重去讨论它的利弊,故选A项。
C
(2025·宁德市高二下期末)
An experimental pair of gloves isn’t particularly fashionable or useful for keeping anyone’s hands warm.Instead the gloves use tactile (触觉的) sensors woven into its fabric to serve an entirely different purpose:teaching piano and other hands-on skills.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology graduate student Yiyue Luo and her colleagues created these“smart gloves” using tactile technology, which includes physical sensations such as vibrations (震动) or force to help with tactile activities.Researchers used the gloves to record one pianist’s hand movements while playing a song.They then relayed those movements to a student through fingertip vibrations, helping the learner build muscle memory and perform the piece with greater accuracy.“Hand-based movements like piano playing are normally really subjective and difficult to record and transfer,” Luo says.“But with these gloves we are actually able to track one person’s touch experience and share it with another person to improve their tactile learning process.”
Using a computerized embroidery (刺绣) machine,the team fixed small wires linked to a pressure-sensing material in the gloves to detect hand motions.When a piano teacher wearing the gloves repeatedly performed a tune,a machine-learning algorithm (运算法则) processed their movement on the keys and translated it into instructional vibrations.Students wearing their own gloves then attempted to play the same tune,with the fingertip vibrations guiding them through proper movements.By the trials’ end,students who had practiced with the gloves could play more accurately than those who had not.
The team also tested the gloves’ ability to aid people playing online games with a mouse and keyboard,recording motions from experienced players to guide green hands.People who gamed with the gloves’ guidance scored better on average than those who did not.
Playing piano or video games is often just for fun,but Luo adds that with an improved algorithm,coded to identify and catch finer hand movements,the new glove technology could someday help to teach crucial practices such as medical operations.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院研发的能教技能的“智能手套”及其用途。
9.In which practice can the smart gloves be unavailable
A.Playing the guitar. B.Singing songs.
C.Teaching sign language. D.Typing on a keyboard.
解析　推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Instead the gloves use...and other hands-on skills.”可知,这种智能手套用于教像弹钢琴这样的需要动手的技能。而唱歌主要是用嗓子,不需要动手操作,所以智能手套在“唱歌”这种实践中不可用,故选B项。
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10.What is the function of the pressure-sensing material
A.To record songs.
B.To translate tunes.
C.To keep hands warm.
D.To monitor hand movements.
解析　细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“Using a computerized embroidery...to detect hand motions.”可知,压力感应材料连接着小电线,其功能是监测手部运动,故选D项。
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11.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.The gloves are designed for fun.
B.The gloves have been put into use.
C.The gloves can be used to identify codes.
D.The gloves will be used in more fields.
解析　推理判断题。由文章最后一段内容可知,这种手套将会被应用到更多的领域,故选D项。
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12.What is the text mainly about
A.An introduction to a promising technology.
B.An advertisement of a new product.
C.An approach to teaching piano.
D.An instruction for a computerized machine.
解析　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是由文章第一段“An experimental pair of...and other hands-on skills.”可知,文章开篇介绍了麻省理工学院研究生研发的“智能手套”,接着阐述了其工作原理、在教弹钢琴和玩游戏方面的应用,最后提到未来可能应用到医疗等领域,所以文章主要是对一种有前景的技术(智能手套技术)的介绍,故选A项。
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Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·豫东名校高二下期末)
Calmness is a state that seems to become rarer and rarer,especially for people living in busy cities.We tend to live in places with less contact with nature,more noise,all kinds of pollution,and a fast pace (节奏) of life.__1__.In the middle of all that,it’s hard to find calmness,but it’s still very important.
Why does calmness matter What can it do for us
The state of calmness is important for our well-being.__2__.Calmness is often necessary for focus.We can’t pay attention to one thing in particular when stressed and distracted.Noise,internal and external,is a constant source of stress,and calmness can counteract (抵消) it.
However,work,families,the noise of the city,and many other things can make it difficult to find calmness.__3__
The first thing to consider is what brings you calmness.Some people need absolute silence and a quiet room.Others feel better outside in nature,even if it’s a little noisier.__4__.Once you discover what helps you,you can pursue calmness more intentionally.
Second,you can use practices like meditation (冥想) to achieve a greater calmness in your life.__5__.So don’t be discouraged if the first couple of times don’t seem to have a huge impact.
A.Why do you need calmness
B.How can we achieve a state of calmness
C.Sometimes,we feel calm after exercising
D.The more you practice,the more you benefit
E.It is a necessary condition to be a college student
F.It gives our brains and bodies a chance to recharge
G.Even the news and media we consume goes faster than before
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了平静状态对人们的重要性,同时也指出在生活中获得平静存在困难,并给出了实现平静状态的方法。
1.G　 [上文“We tend to live in places...pace (节奏) of life.”描述了人们生活环境中不利于获得平静的因素。G选项进一步列举了生活中快节奏的表现,与上文衔接,共同说明在这样的环境下难以找到平静,故选G项。]
2.F　 [上文“The state of calmness is important for our well-being.”表明平静状态的重要性。F选项“It gives our brains and bodies a chance to recharge.”具体解释了平静状态对我们的好处,即让大脑和身体恢复精力,与上文逻辑紧密,故选F项。]
3.B　 [上文“However,work,families...difficult to find calmness.”指出了寻找平静的困难。B选项引出下文关于实现平静状态方法的讨论,承上启下,故选B项。]
4.C　 [上文“Some people need absolute...it’s a little noisier.”列举了不同人获得平静的不同方式。C选项补充了另一种获得平静的方式,与上文列举的内容相呼应,故选C项。]
5.D　 [上文“Second,you can use practices...calmness in your life.”提到了通过练习来获得平静。D选项强调了持续练习的好处,并且与下文“So don’t be discouraged if the first couple of times don’t seem to have a huge impact.”相呼应,故选D项。]

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