资源简介

(共57张PPT)
Part 3　Grammar——形容词
语法图解
要点诠释
一、形容词的分类
[先感知]
①I know that Chinese is a very difficult language,but I hope to be fluent when I graduate.(人教必一U1)
②They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed and ashamed.(人教选一U4)
③Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown.(人教选一U4)
[会发现]　形容词修饰____________,说明事物或人的____________或____________。其位置不一定都放在____________前面。
[明规则]
(1)性质形容词:直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词。它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和宾语补足语。
(2)类别形容词:用于分类、区分或定义名词所属类别的形容词。类别形容词通常没有级的变化,也不能用程度副词修饰。有些类别形容词只能作定语,不能作表语,还有一些作定语和表语都可以。
名词
性质
特征
名词
[再运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
①In cold weather,the structure stays ____________(close) to protect the plants.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②She was deeply ____________(shame) of her behaviour at the party.
③He bought a ____________(wood) table for his dining room.
④This is a ____________(history) document from the 18th century.
closed
ashamed
wooden
historical
二、形容词的位置
[先感知]
①The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmas’s life and adventures at the North Pole.(外研必二U2)
②We saw something white in the dark.
[会发现]　句①是形容词作定语放在名词的____________,句②是形容词作定语放在不定代词后边。
前边
[明规则]　形容词的位置规则:
(1)形容词位于名词前(最常见)
大多数形容词直接放在被修饰的名词之前,构成“形容词+名词”结构。
(2)形容词位于系动词后(作表语)
形容词可以放在be、seem、look、feel、become等系动词之后,构成“主语+系动词+形容词”结构。
(3)形容词位于不定代词后
当形容词修饰something、anything、nothing、someone、anyone等不定代词时,形容词要放在不定代词之后。
(4)形容词位于名词后(特殊情况)
在以下情况下,形容词可以放在名词之后:
①形容词left “剩下的”常放在名词之后(如only one ticket left)
②某些固定表达(如court martial、secretary general)
③形容词短语(后置定语)
[再运用]　完成句子
①There is ___________________________________in the newspaper.
报上没什么重要事情。
②Good social habits do _____________________________________ in a social context.
良好的社交习惯在社交环境中也有类似的作用。
③We may _________________________ but beauty itself is abstract.
我们尽可谈论美的事物,但美本身却是抽象的。
④The soup ____________________________________.
这汤闻起来很香。
nothing important
something similar
talk of beautiful things
smells delicious
三、形容词的顺序
[先感知]
①Now that you mention it,she did seem to be in a strange mood.
②There is an old large brick dining hall in my middle school.
③A beautiful big old round blue table was placed in the room.
[会发现]　如果有冠词(a,an,the)或代词(my,this,that...)修饰时,词序为:冠词或代词+____________+名词。多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序是____________的。
形容词
固定
[明规则]　形容词的排序:
(1)限:限定词。如the、my、a、this...
(2)描:描绘性形容词。如brave、beautiful、lovely、nice...
(3)大:大小、高低、长短等形容词。如big、large、small...
(4)形:形状。如round、square...
(5)龄:年龄大小、新旧、年代等。如young、old、new...
(6)颜:颜色。如red、blue、green...
(7)籍:国籍、地区、出处。如Chinese、American、Japanese...
(8)物:物质材料的形容词。如golden、wooden、wax...
(9)类:表示类别、用途。如medical、chemical、writing...
a pretty little square old black Japanese wooden writing desk
一个漂亮的方形的老式黑色日本木制写字台
[名师指津]　形容词的排序口诀:
大哥限描大,二哥形龄颜,小弟籍物类,同站名词前。
[再运用]　完成句子
①I have ___________________________________________________.
我有一个中国制造木制红色的大的园桌子。
②The media _________________________________ the last election.
大众传媒在上一次选举中发挥了重要作用。
③Her father gave her ______________________________________.
她爸爸给了她一件漂亮的红色短毛大衣。
a big round red Chinese wooden table
played an important part in
a beautiful short new red Chinese woollen coat
四、合成形容词
[先感知]
①She watched him from behind half-closed eyelids.
②The long-playing record was made defunct by the arrival of the CD.
③In his later life he became even more absent-minded.
④The vase is hand-painted.
[会发现]　以上例句都是合成形容词。其中句____________的构成形式为“形容词+动词-ed形式”;句______________的构成形式为“名词+动词-ed形式”;句____________的构成形式为“形容词+动词-ing形式”。
①③
④
②
[明规则]　合成形容词是指由两个或两个以上的词共同组成并起形容词作用的词,合成形容词主要作定语,一般不作表语,常见的合成形容词主要有以下几种类型:
类型 例词
数词+名词 5-year,3-week,2-year-old,one-child,two-hour
形容词+名词+动词-ed形式 cold-blooded,warm-hearted,middle-aged,blue-eyed
形容词/副词+动词-ing形式 hard-working,good-looking,ever-lasting
名词+动词-ed形式 man-made,snow-capped,hand-made,heart-broken
形容词/副词+动词-ed形式 newly-built,well-known,new-born,so-called
其他 out-of-date,know-it-all,child-like
[再运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空/完成句子
①I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot,and I was ____________(heartbreak) with the ending.(2024·全国甲卷)
②Their _____________________ the care of the dying was admirable.
他们对垂死者的尽心照顾真是令人钦佩。
③The winter heatwave in California is a stark contrast to ___________________________________________ on the East Coast.
加州的冬季热浪与东海岸的零下气温形成了鲜明的对比。
heartbroken
single-minded devotion to
the below-freezing temperatures
五、形容词的比较级和最高级
[先感知]
①They are better than English films.
②The occasion is more enjoyable without all that tiring cooking.(外研必二U2)
③California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.
④This is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited.
⑤Our room is slightly bigger than theirs.
[会发现]　形容词比较级常用于“比较级+than结构”,如句____________,than有时可省略,如句____________;比较级前有时有状语成分修饰,如句⑤。形容词最高级常用于“the+最高级+比较范围”结构,如句____________。
①⑤
②
③④
[明规则]
(1)形容词的比较级用法
形容词的比较级常用于两者之间的比较。表示“和……一样……”“比……更……”等;原级常用于“(not) as+原级+as”;比较级常用于“比较级+than”结构,than有时可省略。
(2)形容词的最高级用法
形容词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较,常见的结构是“the+最高级+比较范围”。
(3)不用比较级的形容词
①本身具有最大,最小含义的形容词:maximal/maximum 最大的,minimal/minimum最小的,utmost/uttermost 最远的,最大限度的,supreme最高的,favorite最喜爱的,特别喜爱的,topmost最高的,headmost最前面的,aftermost 最后面的。
②本身具有比较含义的形容词:comparative比较的;relative相对的;preferable更可取的;former两者中前面的;latter两者中后面的;major主要的;minor次要的;inner内部的;outer外部的;inferior较差的;junior年少的;prior较早的;senior年长的;superior较优的;upper位置较高的。
③表示绝对意义的形容词:dead 死的;living活的;empty 空的;full满的;correct正确的;right对的;wrong错的;erroneous错误的;blind瞎的;deaf聋的;dumb哑的;equal相等的;real真实的;false假的;essential基本的;eternal永久的;perpetual永恒的;positive正的;negative负的;wonderful/excellent/marvellous极好的;infinite无限的;immortal不朽的;countless无数的;whole整体的;enough/adequate/sufficient足够的;ideal理想的;unemployed失业的;jobless无职业的;homeless无家可归的;speechless说不出话的。
④表示唯一含义的形容词:sole/mere/only唯一的;unique独一无二的;matchless无双的;无比的;single独一无二的;单一的。
[名师指津]　形容词的比较级前可以加any、no、much、a lot、a little、a bit、even、still等程度副词修饰。
The film is far more interesting than any one that I have ever seen.
这部电影比我所看过的任何一部电影都有趣得多。
[再运用]　完成句子
①Walking is ___________________________________ than running.
步行是一种比跑步更轻松的锻炼。
②The air in the countryside ________________________ in the city.
乡村的空气比城市的空气更清新。
③A balanced diet is _______________________ way to maintain good health.
均衡饮食是保持健康最健康的方式。
a more relaxing way to exercise
is fresher than that
the healthiest
④Artificial intelligence is _____________________________________
field for future development.
人工智能是未来发展最有前景的领域。
the most promising
课 时 精 练
基础语境练
素能提升练
[基础语境练]
维度一　基础填空题(选词填空)(每小题1分,共10分)
different;harmonious;effective;asleep;functional;unbelievable;confident;shocking;determined;racial
1.The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective ____________________________structure that is also beautiful.
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
2....I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ____________________speaking English.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
functional
confident
3.________________________ from traditional fables,Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.(2023·全国甲卷)
4.On the day of the accident,Mrs.Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father.They both fell ________________________ while watching TV.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
5.The poem is about the dream of a world free of _____________ prejudice.
Different
asleep
racial
6.In response to this environmental issue,China is aiming to restrict coal consumption and promote a ________________________ relationship between man and nature.
7.The Amazon rainforest’s different levels support a(n) ________________________ number of plant species,more than 40,000 found there.
8.He made ______________________efforts to overcome the scandal.
harmonious
unbelievable
determined
9.Go outdoors and play team games with your friends,which is an ____________________________________way to get rid of anger.
10.His failure in the match was a ______________________________ piece of news for his fans.
effective
shocking
维度二　语法与写作(每小题2分,共10分)
1.____________________,I _____________________ but accepted it gratefully,overwhelmed by his trust and generosity.
我很惊讶,犹豫了一会儿,但感激地接受了,被他的信任和慷慨所折服。
2.____________________________________ I to hear the news that I gave my teacher a tight hug.
听到这个消息,我非常感动和高兴,紧紧地拥抱了我的老师。
Surprised
hesitated for a while
So moved and happy was
3.Human being took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts ______________________________.
人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑掌握了所有的解决方案,但也许他们的心可以作为一个很好的指导。
4.I am not satisfied with his answer at all._________________________.
我对他的回答一点也不满意。情况不可能更糟了。
5.In the current financial crisis,some Americans can only ____________________________________.
在当前的金融危机中,一些美国人只能靠剩下的积蓄生活。
can be a good guide
It couldn’t have been worse
live on the remaining savings
维度三　语法与语篇(每小题2分,共10分)
根据汉语提示完成语段
On a sunny,crisp autumn morning,we embarked on 1.____________________________________(一次令人兴奋的、有教育意义的实地旅行) to the local science museum.The spacious,modern building 2._________________________________________________ (摆满了引人入胜的互动展品).Our enthusiastic,knowledgeable guide led us through the diverse,hands-on displays,explaining complex
an exciting,educational field trip
was filled with fascinating,interactive exhibits
concepts 3._______________________________ (以清晰、引人入胜的方式).The students were captivated by the innovative,cutting-edge technology and felt 4.________________________________________ (感到受到启发,有动力学习更多).5.______________________________
__________________________________(整体体验非常愉快和难忘),fostering a love for science and curiosity in all of us.
in a clear,engaging manner
inspired and motivated to learn more
The overall experience was
incredibly enjoyable and memorable
[素能提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共10分)
(2025·常州市高二下期末)
When I was a child,my father bought me a new toy every other week when he received his pay check.I loved to take the toys apart to learn their basic principles,and then put them back together.
Most of the time,the toys still worked,but I clearly remember getting a toy robot that would walk either forwards or backwards.I took the robot apart,but when I put it back together,it couldn’t walk any more.I figured out what was wrong with it but was not able to fix it.It was especially disappointing because I really liked the robot.
By the time I was ten or so,my parents allowed me to play outdoors alone.During the summer,on the junk day,I would check out what people were throwing away.People did not use garbage bags then,so all waste was in metal cans,which made it easy to check out what was in the waste.I took home some equipment,radios,and televisions.I took them apart and learned how they were built.
Through learning by myself,I built a telephone.I made my own microphone (扩音器) by taking apart old dry batteries and taking the carbon rods (碳棒) out of them.I then broke the rods into powder and used the carbon powder to make the microphone.I used the microphone in my home-made telephone.Later,I made another carbon microphone,which I connected in series with a speaker I took from an old radio.I put the speaker in a bush by the sidewalk and ran
wires around the side of the house where the batteries and my home-made microphone were.I had much fun playing jokes on people walking by with that device (装置).
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候喜欢研究和发明新东西,他经常从别人丢弃的废品里寻找可以利用的材料。
1.What happened when the author put back the toy robot together
A.It didn’t work normally.
B.It looked like a disappointing toy.
C.He found something was missing.
D.He didn’t know what was wrong with it.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“I took the robot apart,but when I put it back together,it couldn’t walk any more.”可知,那个玩具机器人坏了。
√
2.How did the author get what he wanted after turning ten
A.Through checking garbage bags.
B.Through collecting them outdoors.
C.Through asking his parents for them.
D.Through borrowing them from his neighbours.
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“During the summer,on the junk day,I would check out what people were throwing away.”可知,作者在户外搜集可用的东西。
√
3.What did the author do to get the microphones he needed
A.He took apart an old telephone.
B.He looked for them everywhere.
C.He used old things to make them.
D.He took some carbon rods from a broken radio.
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的“I made my own microphone...to make the microphone.”可知,作者是用家里的旧物制作了自己所需要的扩音器。
√
4.After reading the text,what can we learn about the author as a child
A.He didn’t know his interest.
B.He was laughed at by others.
C.He didn’t study hard at school.
D.He loved inventing new things.
解析　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,作者喜欢搜集和拆卸旧东西,然后自己再造一些新东西。
√
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2025·宁德市高二下期末)
Essays are an extended piece of writing that presents an argument or information on a topic.They can vary in purpose,style and type but they all involve questioning,assessing and discussing ideas or evidence.Here are four tips on how to write an essay:introducing your essay,focusing on it structure,using quotes and sources,and ending with a conclusion.
A good introduction explains the facts that the reader needs to know first.__1__ Be clear about your aims and always write in the third person.It’s a good idea to begin your essay using the same style of language as the question,to show you are answering it directly.
__2__ Paragraphs can help.Start with a“topic sentence” that introduces what the paragraph is about.At the end,bring your topic to a close so the reader can move on to the next idea.__3__ They connect it to the previous one.
If you used ideas from a book in your essay,you can include snippets from it to support your points.These are quotes and have speech marks around them to show they are not your words.__4__ For example,“Dr Roberts says,‘Climate change is...’”.At the end of the essay,you can list all the books that helped you.
In your final paragraph,you should conclude by summarising all your points to show how you have answered the essay question.You might begin this section with“In conclusion,” and your tone should be confident.__5___
A.You should also share who said it.
B.It helps readers improve their writing skills.
C.To help the reader follow your ideas,you need structure.
D.Writing essays is an unavoidable but fun part of studying lots of subjects.
E.It sums up what the essay will be about and what you are trying to prove.
F.Here you can write in the first person and give your own opinion on the topic.
G.You can use words such as “however” or “furthermore” to start a new paragraph.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何书写一篇论文。
1.E　 [根据上文“A good introduction explains the facts that the reader needs to know first.”以及后文“Be clear about your...are answering it directly.”可知,本句主要说明导言需要包含的内容。故E选项“它概括了文章的内容和你想要证明的东西”符合语境,故选E项。]
2.C　 [根据后文“Paragraphs can help.Start...on to the next idea.”可知,本段主要针对文章的结构提出了一些建议,故C选项“为了帮助读者理解你的想法,你需要结构”符合语境,故选C项。]
3.G　 [根据后文“They connect it to the previous one.”可知,本句主要说明如何连接段落,G选项中however和furthermore对应后文They。故G选项符合语境,故选G项。]
4.A　 [根据后文“For example,‘Dr Roberts...books that helped you.”可知,后文的例子表明需要说明是谁的观点,故A选项符合语境,故选A项。]
5.F　 [根据上文“In your final paragraph...tone should be confident.”可知,上文提到了如何写最后一段,且最后一段主要和自己的观点有关,故F选项符合语境,故选F项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·石家庄市高二下期末)
Stamp collecting has recently emerged as a fresh and innovative approach for young people to document their travels.Instead of 1.____________ (mere) taking photos with famous landmarks, 2.____________ (enthusiast) of this new trend eagerly explore every corner of various attractions,museums,and shops during their journeys in search 3.____________ various stamps.They imprint the stamps,usually with single or multicolored pictures of the scenic spots
or images of famous people on postcards or in travel journals,thus 4.____________ (create) a unique memory of their travels.Free or paid,each stamp serves as a representation of the visitor’s 5.____________ (present) at that specific location,becoming a 6.____________ (treasure) part of their memories.
Shi Junchu,29,from Yunnan province,came across stamp collecting three years ago while traveling in Wuhan,Hubei province.She found it to be a 7.____________ (good) way of commemorating her travels than purchasing souvenirs (纪念品),so she carries a specially prepared notebook for collecting stamps whenever she travels.
“Stamp collecting has added more meaning to my travels.Turning the pages of those notebooks 8.____________ (feel) somewhat like looking at photos.I can recall 9.____________ happened back then just by turning to a page—the delicious food I had,and the fun experiences I enjoyed,” she said.
She currently operates a private museum in Kunming.Since last October,she has also introduced stamp-collecting services 10.____________ (encourage) more visitors to explore the museum.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了集章已成为年轻人旅行打卡的新方式,通过收集景点、博物馆和商店的印章,他们创造出独特的旅行记忆,并以此为珍贵纪念。
1.merely　 [考查词性转换。空处修饰动词taking,应用mere的副词形式,故填merely。]
2.enthusiasts　 [考查名词的单复数。空处作句子的主语,根据谓语为“explore”可知,可数名词enthusiast “热衷者,爱好者”应用复数形式,故填enthusiasts。]
3.of　 [考查介词。固定短语in search of “寻找,寻求”符合题意,表示“寻找各种印章”,故填of。]
4.creating　 [考查非谓语动词。句子主干成分完整,结合“thus”可知,空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果,作结果状语,应用create “创造”的动词-ing形式,故填creating。]
5.presence　 [考查词性转换。空处作of的宾语,被visitor’s修饰,present的名词形式符合题意,意为“存在”,是不可数名词,故填presence。]
6.treasured　 [考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语,空处是非谓语,作part的定语,treasure “珍视,珍爱”和part逻辑上是动宾关系,因此用treasure的过去分词形式,故填treasured。]
7.better　 [考查形容词比较级。空处作修饰way的定语,结合“than purchasing souvenirs (纪念品)”可知,此处指“更好的纪念旅行的方式”,应用good的比较级形式,故填better。]
8.feels　 [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处作句子的谓语,说话人在描述通常的情况,时态应用一般现在时,主语是单个的动词-ing形式短语,feel “感觉”应用第三人称单数形式,故填feels。]
9.what　 [考查名词性从句。空处引导名词性从句作recall的宾语,宾语从句缺少主语,结合“happened back then”可知,主语指物,应用连接代词作引导词,故填what。]
10.to encourage　 [考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语,空处是非谓语,作目的状语,表示“为了……”,应用encourage “鼓励”的不定式形式,故填to encourage。]

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